A Study on the Effectiveness of Process-oriented Approach in ESL English Writing Teaching in YAU

This study sets out to conduct the effectiveness of process-oriented approach on the ESL writing teaching for non-Eng-lish majors in Yunnan Agricultural University(YAU),with the aim of enhancing the students' English writing proficiency andscores.120 non-English major sophomores and 10 English teachers from YAU are involved in it.With the results of questionnaire,interview and the composition scores of the target students,the findings indicate that the students have a positive attitude towardsprocess-oriented writing approach and it can help them write better and make the writing class more interesting.

Efficacy of Peer Revision in Process-oriented Writing

Peer revision is a collaborative activity during which student writers can exchange drafts and make suggestions for improvement. It has been widely used at present in process-oriented writing instruction. In this paper, the researcher carried out an empirical study about the effects and efficacy of peer revision on a group of Chinese Juniors majoring in English. It was found that student writers focused specially on grammar and vocabulary in PE session and organization was the least attended to. PE was quite effective in improving the overall writing quality, as the participants did incorporate most of the revisions suggested by their peers. However, the influences of students'writing proficiencies and of the rhetorical modes of the writing tasks on the effects of PE were proved to be not very significant.

Process-oriented Approach to Motivating Learners:Its Implications and Applications

Drawn upon Dornyei' s motivational study,this paper aims to explore the implications that process-oriented approach may bring and tries to shed light on some applications in Chinese EFL teaching context.

Process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform for chemical engineering design projects

A process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is studied to improve knowledge sharing and project management of chemical engineering design enterprises. First, problems and characteristics of knowledge sharing in multi-projects of chemical engineering design are analyzed. Then based on theories of project management, process management, and knowledge management, a process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is proposed. The platform has three characteristics: knowledge is divided into professional knowledge and project management knowledge; knowledge sharing is integrated with the project process, which makes knowledge sharing a necessary part of the project process and ensures the quantity of knowledge shared; the platform provides quantitative measurements of incentive mechanisms for knowledge providers and users which ensures the quality of knowledge shared. This knowledge-sharing platform uses two knowledge management tools, a knowledge map and a knowledge base, to support the platform.

Nurses’ Experiences of Process-Oriented Supervision—Acquiring New Approaches to Demanding Situations

Background: Providing nursing care for patients and relatives requires a great effort from a nurse. It is therefore important for the nurse to have the opportunity to reflect on the caring acts included in process-oriented nursing supervision (PRONS). The overall objective of the nursing supervision is to support the professional development identity, competences, skills and ethics in different situations in nursing care. Aim: To investigate nurses’ experiences of the model of purging, playing and learning (PPL) according to Eriksson theory in a (PRONS) related to strengthen safe care, quality and professional development. Method: A qualitative study with individual interviews and the data was analyzed using qualitative interpretive content analysis. Participants: All eleven registered participated nurses were from southwestern Sweden and worked in different hospital units. Ethical Considerations: The study carried out in accordance with the ethical guidelines laid down in the Helsinki Declaration and according to the recommendations of the regional ethics committee. Findings: Three categories were identified, valuable purging in the process, responsive playing and awareness of learning. The study found that by participating in PRONS the nurses had developed new approaches with different “tools” when difficult situations occurred in daily nursing practice. Conclusion: PRONS with the model PPL has an important role to support nurses in daily nursing practice. The study highlights that there are residual successful effects after PRONS for the nurses in managing care situations that experienced strengthen quality in care and professional development.

A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF THE PROCESS-ORIENTED APPROACH ON THE EFL WRITING PROFICIENCY OF CHINESE NON-ENGLISH MAJORS

This study was designed to study the effects of the process-oriented approach on the EFL writing proficiency of Chinese non-English majors.In this study,two research designs were employed:the quantitative design and the qualitative design.In the quantitative design,two classes participated in an 8-week experiment.An interview was employed in the qualitative design to find out students' attitude towards process-oriented approach.The result of the study showed that students generally held positive attitudes towards this approach and it was more effective in improving students' EFL writing proficiency and could thus be adjusted to teach writing.

A conceptual model for a process-oriented landscape pattern analysis

Linking landscape patterns to specific ecological processes has been and will continue to be the key topic in landscape ecology.However,this goal is difficult to achieve by using the traditional landscape metric based on the Patch-Mosaic Model(PMM),as they don’t integrate ecological processes with landscape patterns.In this paper,we proposed a conceptual model,i.e.,the Source-Pathway-Sink Model(SPSM),which designates the role of a landscape unit into "source", "sink",or "pathway" based on specific ecological processes during the landscape pattern analysis.While the traditional landscape metrics derived from the PMM model is visual-or geometrical-oriented and lack of linkage to ecological significance,the SPSM model is process-oriented,dynamic,and scale dependent.A comparison between the PMM and the SPSM models shows that the SPSM model is complementary to the PMM model,and can provide a simple and dynamic perspective on landscape pattern analysis.The SPSM model may represent a conceptual innovation in landscape ecology.

Process model of IT impacts on firm competitiveness based on application capability of information technology

To investigate the process of information technology （IT） impacts on firm competitiveness, an integrated process model of IT impacts on firm competitiveness is brought forward based on the process-oriented view, the resource-based view and the complementary resource view, which is comprised of an IT conversion process, an information system （IS） adoption process, an IS use process and a competition process. The application capability of IT plays the critical role, which determines the efficiency and effectiveness of the aforementioned four processes. The process model of IT impacts on firm competitiveness can also be used to explain why, under what situations and how IT can generate positive organizational outcomes, as well as theoretical bases for further empirical study.

Web-based spatiotemporal visualization of marine environment data

With long-term marine surveys and research,and especially with the development of new marine environment monitoring technologies,prodigious amounts of complex marine environmental data are generated,and continuously increase rapidly.Features of these data include massive volume,widespread distribution,multiple-sources,heterogeneous,multi-dimensional and dynamic in structure and time.The present study recommends an integrative visualization solution for these data,to enhance the visual display of data and data archives,and to develop a joint use of these data distributed among different organizations or communities.This study also analyses the web services technologies and defines the concept of the marine information gird,then focuses on the spatiotemporal visualization method and proposes a process-oriented spatiotemporal visualization method.We discuss how marine environmental data can be organized based on the spatiotemporal visualization method,and how organized data are represented for use with web services and stored in a reusable fashion.In addition,we provide an original visualization architecture that is integrative and based on the explored technologies.In the end,we propose a prototype system of marine environmental data of the South China Sea for visualizations of Argo floats,sea surface temperature fields,sea current fields,salinity,in-situ investigation data,and ocean stations.An integration visualization architecture is illustrated on the prototype system,which highlights the process-oriented temporal visualization method and demonstrates the benefit of the architecture and the methods described in this study.

Development of a landscape index to link landscape pattern to runoff and sediment

Linking landscape indexes to ecological processes is the key topic of landscape ecology.However,traditional landscape metrics based on the Patch-Mosaic Model have no ecological significance.In this study,the runoff-sediment landscape index coupling land use,topography,soil,and vegetation factors was constructed to link landscape patterns to runoff and sediment.In the study area,the runoffsediment landscape index at the class scale showed an increasing trend from 0.10 in 1995 to 0.26 in 2015.Cropland had a higher runoff-sediment landscape index compared to grassland or forestland.At the landscape scale,the runoff-sediment landscape index showed a decreasing trend since 1995;furthermore,it decreased by 36.24%in 2015 compared with the index in 1990.The runoff-sediment landscape index had higher correlations with runoff and sediment compared with traditional landscape metrics.Redundancy analysis showed that the runoffsediment landscape index had a higher contribution to runoff and sediment compared to traditional landscape metrics,explaining 90.1%of the variability.The soil erosion risk assessed by the runoff-sediment landscape index showed an increasing trend upstream of the Dali River watershed.More attention should be paid to this area in future vegetation restoration attempts,as exploring the impact of landscape pattern changes on ecological processes,especially hydrological processes,plays an important role in comprehensive watershed management.

Towards a Categorical Framework for Verifying Design and Implementation of Concurrent Systems

Process-oriented design and implementation of concurrent systems has important benefits. However, the inherent complexity of concurrent processes’ communication imposes challenges such as verifying consistency between the process-oriented design and implementation of a concurrent system. To deal with such a challenge, we use Galois connections, Failures and Category Theory to construct a formal framework for designing, implementing, analyzing and verifying consistency of concurrent systems. For the purpose of illustrating the framework, a running concurrent system is designed by Communicating Sequential Processes, implemented by a process-oriented programming language Erasmus.

A Study of the Efficacy of the Teacher's Guidance to Collaborative Writing in Non-English Major Class

The present study aimed at examining the effectiveness of the teacher's guidance to collaborative writing in non-English major class.Subjects were 150 Chinese freshmen from two natural classes which served as an experimental class(88 students) and a control class(62 students) at a normal college.Data of the present study was collected from two questionnaires,two CET-4 writing tests,students' written comments on collaborative writing in the post-questionnaire.Data were analyzed by SPSS(Statistics Package for Social Science) 11.5 in which CET holistic grading was used to analyze students' writing performance of pre-test,post-test.Statistic results indicated that the teacher's guidance to collaborative writing does influence students' writing performance.In addition,qualitative analysis showed that students in the two classes had their respectively positive perceptions towards collaborative writing with different guidance of the same teacher.

INCORPORATING LITERATURE INTO ENGLISH WRITING AS A PROCESS TO IMPROVE TRADITIONAL WRITING INSTRUCTION

This article, based on a solid literature review, provides an in-depth exploration of L2 writing process, including a detailed description of L2 writing behaviors and habits and the differences in the writing process between advanced and unskilled L2 learners. Findings indicate that writing is a dynamic, recursive interplay of three major processes: planning, drafting, and revising. Experiencing this writing process, L2 learners have more to write and write it well. Therefore, this article suggests incorporating literature into L2 writing process as an effective way to improve traditional writing instruction.

Automatically multi-paradigm requirements modeling and analyzing:An ontology-based approach

There are several purposes for modeling and analyzing the problem domain before starting the software requirements analysis. First, it focuses on the problem domain, so that the domain users could be involved easily. Secondly, a comprehensive description on the problem domain will advantage getting a comprehensive software requirements model. This paper proposes an ontology-based approach for mod- eling the problem domain. It interacts with the domain users by using terminology that they can under- stand and guides them to provide the relevant information. A multiple paradigm analysis approach, with the basis of the description on the problem domain, has also been presented. Three criteria, i.e. the ra- tionality of organization structure, the achievability of organization goals, and the feasibility of organiza- tion process, have been proposed. The results of the analysis could be used as feedbacks for guiding the domain users to provide further information on the problem domain. And those models on the problem domain could be a kind of document for the pre-requirements analysis phase. They also will be the basis for further software requirements modeling.