Critical Barriers to Traditional Project Progress Measurement: Perspectives of Ghanaian Construction Professionals

Accurate project progress measurement is critical for effective project management. Besides guarantying smooth work progress, it affords project managers the chance to identify early warning signs for peremptory remedial actions to keep the project on schedule and to budget. However, pertinent barriers can suppress the realization of the benefits of an accurate assessment of construction progress. This study aims to identify, examine and prioritize the critical barriers militating against accurate project progress measurement in the Ghanaian construction industry. Sixteen barriers identified from the literature were administered in a questionnaire survey to professionals with tier one construction firms and consultants. Sixty experienced construction professionals practising with tier-one construction firms and consultancy services took part in the survey. The relative importance index technique was used to rank the factors and correlation in responses of the two parties tested by the Mann-Whitney U statistics. The most critical barriers perceived by the professionals were 1) Reliance on Supervisor’s Judgement, 2) Generic and Non-Systematic Approach, 3) Variable Quality of Data and 4) Intricate Measurement Reports. Other highly ranked barriers include 5) Lack of Timely Information, 6) Laborious Data Gathering and 7) Quality Integration Constraint. The findings underpin the need to minimize dependence on subjective opinions and mere experiences of supervisors for assessment of project progress in this age of information technology. Incorporation of a level of automation into traditional progress methods will not only reduce human errors introduced into manually collected data but facilitate visualization of progress reports. Contiguous to a clear specification of the method of progress measurement in the contract document, a system that conveniently integrates cost, time and scope of work into progress measurement must be pursued. Addressing these identified critical barriers will consolidate current construction progress management practices.

“Inverse Projection Method”Model in DEA to Measure Technological Progress

In view of the problems in measuring technological progress by DEA model, premias for DEA application is analyzed in this paper. An extended model of DEA is also raised for the cases running counter to the premisess. And precision about the results of the two models is analyzed.

Pengze Nuclear Power Project in steady progress

At the end of September, the approach way and linkage roads of Pengze Nuclear Power Project, a project developed by China Power Investment Corporation in Jiangxi Province, were all linked up, laying a solid foundation for the construction of the project.

Three Gorges Dam project in great progress as planned

It hasn’t been easy, but almost all of the work on the Three Gorges Project is on schedule, according to a corporation overseeing construction of the dam. The China Yangtze Three Gorges Project Development Corporation has reported that contractors and other staff are working hard to ensure that the flood season does not slow the dam project. The company recently detailed the mammoth tasks that have taken place so

BIM技术在建设项目施工进度管理中的应用研究

为了解决施工进度管理中存在管理效率低下、管理方法不合理等诸多问题,将BIM技术引入可以在一定程度上解决上述问题,提高管理效率。首先,对BIM技术与施工进度管理进行概述,归纳总结了传统施工进度管理中存在的问题,并对BIM技术在施工进度管理中应用的优势进行了分析;其次,对BIM技术在建设项目施工进度管理中的应用进行论述,归纳总结了应用BIM技术进行施工进度管理的具体流程;最后,给出了本次研究的相关结论:将BIM技术在建设项目施工进度管理中应用总体可行,能够为施工进度管理提供一种新的方法。

PROJECTS WON 1998 CAS AWARDS FOR S&T PROGRESS AND FOR INVENTIONS

The CAS Awards for S&T Progress and the CAS Awards for Inventions are two major awards issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to recognize major research results and inventions produced by CAS scientists that have contributed greatly to the promotion of S&T progress, and social and economic development. In 1998, 12 research works won the CAS Awards for Inventions and 94 works won the CAS Awards for S&T Progress. The following are profiles of some of the prize-wining projects.

Project on Interaction between Agro-ecosystems and Global Change Making Progress

A research project on interaction between agroecosystems and global change has been accepted as a Category Ⅰ contribution to IGBP-GCTE (International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme-Global Change & Terrestrial Ecosystems) Core Research, the highest-level support GCTE has offered to an individual research project so far. This was confirmed by Prof. Noble, GCTE Chairman, in a letter to Prof. Peng Shaolin, Principal Investigator of

能源技术进步与区域专业化——特高压输电工程的视角

基于2003—2020年中国285个地级市数据,以特高压输电工程为切入点,研究能源技术进步对区域专业化的影响及作用机制。结果显示:以特高压输电技术为代表的能源技术进步显著提升了区域专业化水平,具体而言,较没有特高压输电项目城市,配备特高压输电工程城市的专业化水平提升约1.09%,且该效应在中小城市、资源丰富城市和内陆地区更强;在考虑样本选择偏差、基期分工水平、调整指标测度、剔除极端值并进行安慰剂检验和倾向得分匹配后,该结果依然稳健;进一步的机制分析表明,特高压建设所表征的能源技术进步通过激发资源禀赋的比较优势、生产的集聚效应来促进地区专业化。继续扩大特高压输电规模,合理实施区域专业化,互通有无、取长补短,对促进区域协调发展具有重要意义。

数字人文档案与国家记忆工程的相互关系与作用研究

探讨“数字人文档案”概念的内涵及意义,剖析数字人文档案与国家记忆工程之间的关系和相互作用,为相关领域的研究和实践提供理论指导和方法支持。通过文献综述和理论分析的方法,全面系统地探讨数字人文档案与国家记忆工程的相互关系和作用。提出“数字人文档案”的内涵是将数字人文成果以档案的形式进行保存、管理和利用,并分析了数字人文档案与国家记忆工程对记忆资源维护的相互促进关系。

PROJECTS WON 1997 CAS AWARDS FOR NATURAL SCIENCES AND FOR S&T PROGRESS

The CAS Awards for Natural Sciences and the CAS Awards for S&T Progress are two major awards issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The former is to recognize the scientific findings and research results by which CAS scientists bring to light natural phenomena, laws and properties in their basic and applied basic research. The latter is to award major inventions or research results produced by CAS scientists that have contributed greatly to the promotion of S&T progress, and social and economic development. In 1997, 68 research projects won the CAS Awards for Natural Sciences, and 106 research works won CAS Awards for S&T Progress. The following are profiles of some of the prize-wining projects.

海外高铁建设项目投资风险渐进决策方法研究

研究目的:针对“一带一路”倡议下中国高铁“走出去”面临投资失败率颇高、缺乏科学有效的投资决策方法等问题,立足于中国高铁“走出去”企业视角,在风险决策的基础上结合海外高铁建设项目投资特点,建立投资风险渐进决策模型,为海外高铁建设项目的投资决策提供新思路。研究结论:(1)突破了以往研究对象、方法及形式单一的限制,采用更加严谨的纵向递进式决策框架,研究我国高铁企业海外投资风险情况;(2)利用扎根理论提炼决策指标,建立了宏观区位环境和微观项目特点双层决策指标体系;(3)将极限学习机、非线性组合赋权云模型等方法引入海外高铁建设项目投资风险决策中,有效减少了专家主观性影响、提升了决策动态性和准确性;(4)本研究结果可为中国高铁“走出去”企业在国际工程市场上制定科学有效的投资决策提供现实支持。

程序设计课程实验教学改革与在线学习数据分析

针对程序设计课程实验教学中,学生学习能力具有差异性,且教学活动形式单一、过程性指导与考核难落地等问题,以项目制方式整合设计6个层次的实验教学内容,建设多种信息化平台,实施递进式实验教学。对借助平台记录的任务总耗时、评测次数、代码修改行数等过程性数据进行深度分析,综合考察学生的实验学习效率与期末考试成绩之间的相关性。围绕学生个体学习效果数据的评价,为教师教学改进提供了依据,提高了实验教学的针对性。分层递进式实验教学的实施,增加了课程的外延实验学习,充分满足了不同学生的学习需求,培养了他们的程序设计和计算思维能力,为其后续专业学习打下良好基础。

应用型本科工业设计专业“全流程递进式项目驱动”课程体系探索与实践

为提高应用型本科工业设计专业学生基于设计项目全流程的实践创新能力,进行了“全流程递进式项目驱动”课程体系探索与实践。该体系以设计项目为载体,以产品开发全流程为线索,建构了横纵贯通的课程结构,开发了循环叠加、递进的课程内容,组建了项目专题教学团队,创新了项目驱动教学方法。通过多年的教学实践,学生的设计实践与创新能力得到全面增强,多项课程设计作品被企业采纳或荣获国际设计大奖,培养成果卓然。同时,教师的教学水平和科研能力也获得快速提升,主持和参与了多项省部级课题,教科研成果显著。“全流程递进式项目驱动”课程体系实现了强化实践与探索创新的统一,把控全局与整合知识的统一,循环递进与启迪思维的统一,以及名师引领与自我成长的统一,为应用型本科工业设计专业课程教学提供了可借鉴的新范式。

基于渐进式项目驱动的环境工程专业分析化学课程教学改革

分析化学是环境工程专业的重要基础课程。本文针对分析化学教与学所面临的问题,提出渐进式项目驱动教学模式,以基于环境工程真实案例的项目任务为驱动,指导学生逐步完成项目任务,构建和达成学生识记、理解、应用、分析、评价、创新的能力目标,解决传统化学基础课程重知识、轻技能,理论与应用脱节,学生学习目标不明确、主动学习能力差、学习动力不足等问题;最终使学生初步具有解决复杂环境工程问题的能力。

基于无人机巡检与深度学习的河道整治施工进度图像识别

长线性小流域治理工程中的河道衬砌、生态护岸等距离长、范围广、布置分散,且工区交通不便,人工巡检费时费力,难以及时掌握工程的整体施工进度形象面貌。提出了基于无人机巡检与深度学习的河道整治施工进度智能图像识别方法,通过定位施工节点(施工区域起点和终点)的位置计算施工进度。首先,建立了施工区域目标检测模型,针对无人机航拍影像进行河道衬砌护岸施工区域的识别以及施工节点的定位;然后,利用尺度不变特征变换(scale-invariant feature transform,SIFT)算法对不同视频帧中的施工节点进行匹配,并基于单目视觉的运动视差法,计算施工节点的实际工区坐标;最后,计算当前衬砌护岸施工进度,并分析进度偏差。结果表明:该方法得到的施工节点定位平均误差为1.026 m,平均相对误差为0.74%,该方法能够较为准确地从航拍图像中识别得到当前衬砌护岸的施工进程,从而实现长线性工区快速巡检,及时掌控现场施工进度,提高工程管理的智能化水平。

渐进式项目驱动法在网页设计课程教学中的应用

渐进式项目驱动法是在项目驱动法的基础上发展而来的,强调项目的选取和拆分,通过由小到大、由简单到复杂的项目整合多个知识点,让学生循序渐进地掌握所有知识。文中将项目渐进驱动法融入到《网页设计与制作》课程中,介绍了课程教学的现状、教学设计、教学实施以及教学效果,以期帮助学生快速掌握网页前端设计的技术,促进他们知识体系的构建。