HP defines an SQL-like language to specify organizational policies (or constraints) in workflow systems. Three types of policies were studied including qualification, requirements and substitution policies which can n...HP defines an SQL-like language to specify organizational policies (or constraints) in workflow systems. Three types of policies were studied including qualification, requirements and substitution policies which can not handle complex role resolution such as Separation of Roles and Binding of Roles, and several exception situations, such as Role Delegation and Role Unavailable. From the perspective of project-oriented workflow, a project and its sub-projects can be under the charge of teams (or virtual teams). The teams should satisfy the role resolution of the projects managed by the team. To support the above requirements, based on team-enabled organization model, this paper extended HP’s policy language to support the role resolution in project-oriented workflow, and provided its modeling and enforcement mechanism.展开更多
In the context of workflow systems, security-relevant aspect is related to the assignment of activities to (human or automated) agents. This paper intends to cast light on the management of project-oriented workflow. ...In the context of workflow systems, security-relevant aspect is related to the assignment of activities to (human or automated) agents. This paper intends to cast light on the management of project-oriented workflow. A comprehensive authorization model is proposed from the perspective of project management. In this model, the concept of activity decomposition and team is introduced, which improves the security of conventional role-based access control. Furthermore, policy is provided to define the static and dynamic constraints such as Separation of Duty (SoD). Validity of constraints is proposed to provide a fine-grained assignment, which improves the performance of policy management. The model is applicable not only to project-oriented workflow applications but also to other teamwork environments such as virtual enterprise.展开更多
Automobile Inspection and Maintenance Course is relatively practical and professional.Therefore,teachers need to provide students with opportunities for practice as much as possible,so that students can realize the in...Automobile Inspection and Maintenance Course is relatively practical and professional.Therefore,teachers need to provide students with opportunities for practice as much as possible,so that students can realize the integration of theory and practice,improve teaching efficiency.Project-oriented teaching design can enable students to participate in the practical training and maintenance of automotive engines,which helps students understand the theories in the book.This article mainly analyzes the strategies for teaching design of project-oriented Automobile Inspection and Maintenance Course.展开更多
A project-oriented organization is a hybrid form of organization where a functional hierarchy is augmented with structures to manage projects strategically across the organization.Six project-oriented organizations fr...A project-oriented organization is a hybrid form of organization where a functional hierarchy is augmented with structures to manage projects strategically across the organization.Six project-oriented organizations from diverse industries that emphasize innovation in their strategies were selected for this study.We use the three pillars of institutional theory—regulative,normative and cultural-cognitive—and institutional entrepreneurship to analyze interview data from executive and project,program and portfolio management personnel in the project-oriented organizations to investigate how innovation is facilitated through external influences and internal responses.Our findings indicate that processes and new structures provide effective ways for innovation and,while individuals are important,processes are more effective than individuals at enabling innovation.We put forward some lessons for practice that emerge directly from the findings,including suggestions on improving allocation of resources,a need to focus on processes,reconceptualization of“failure”,and dedicated investment in market knowledge,customer knowledge,performance metrics and flexible governance structures.展开更多
文摘HP defines an SQL-like language to specify organizational policies (or constraints) in workflow systems. Three types of policies were studied including qualification, requirements and substitution policies which can not handle complex role resolution such as Separation of Roles and Binding of Roles, and several exception situations, such as Role Delegation and Role Unavailable. From the perspective of project-oriented workflow, a project and its sub-projects can be under the charge of teams (or virtual teams). The teams should satisfy the role resolution of the projects managed by the team. To support the above requirements, based on team-enabled organization model, this paper extended HP’s policy language to support the role resolution in project-oriented workflow, and provided its modeling and enforcement mechanism.
文摘In the context of workflow systems, security-relevant aspect is related to the assignment of activities to (human or automated) agents. This paper intends to cast light on the management of project-oriented workflow. A comprehensive authorization model is proposed from the perspective of project management. In this model, the concept of activity decomposition and team is introduced, which improves the security of conventional role-based access control. Furthermore, policy is provided to define the static and dynamic constraints such as Separation of Duty (SoD). Validity of constraints is proposed to provide a fine-grained assignment, which improves the performance of policy management. The model is applicable not only to project-oriented workflow applications but also to other teamwork environments such as virtual enterprise.
文摘Automobile Inspection and Maintenance Course is relatively practical and professional.Therefore,teachers need to provide students with opportunities for practice as much as possible,so that students can realize the integration of theory and practice,improve teaching efficiency.Project-oriented teaching design can enable students to participate in the practical training and maintenance of automotive engines,which helps students understand the theories in the book.This article mainly analyzes the strategies for teaching design of project-oriented Automobile Inspection and Maintenance Course.
基金This work was supported by the Project Management Institute(PMI)for a PMI Sponsored Program titled“Governance of Innovation in 3p"(Grant No.UTS 1012104).
文摘A project-oriented organization is a hybrid form of organization where a functional hierarchy is augmented with structures to manage projects strategically across the organization.Six project-oriented organizations from diverse industries that emphasize innovation in their strategies were selected for this study.We use the three pillars of institutional theory—regulative,normative and cultural-cognitive—and institutional entrepreneurship to analyze interview data from executive and project,program and portfolio management personnel in the project-oriented organizations to investigate how innovation is facilitated through external influences and internal responses.Our findings indicate that processes and new structures provide effective ways for innovation and,while individuals are important,processes are more effective than individuals at enabling innovation.We put forward some lessons for practice that emerge directly from the findings,including suggestions on improving allocation of resources,a need to focus on processes,reconceptualization of“failure”,and dedicated investment in market knowledge,customer knowledge,performance metrics and flexible governance structures.
