Twin Paradox and Proper Time

Professors Mohazzbi and Luo [1] published “Despite several attempts have been made to explain the twin paradox … none of the explanations … resolved the paradox. If the paradox can be ever resolved, it requires a much deeper understanding … of the theory of relativity”. The deeper understanding of resolving the paradox is by applying more explicit definitions of proper time interval, Lorentz transform, time dilation, and aging time.

Proper orthogonal decomposition based seismic source wavefield reconstruction for finite element reverse time migration

The large storage requirement is a critical issue in cross-correlation imaging-condition based reverse time migration(RTM),because it requires the operation of the source and receiver wavefields at the same time.The boundary value method(BVM),based on the finite difference method(FDM),can be used to reconstruct the source wavefield in the reverse time propagation in the same way as the receiver wavefield,which can reduce the storage burden of the RTM data.Considering that the FDM cannot well handle models with discontinuous material properties and rough interfaces,we develop a source wavefield reconstruction strategy based on the finite element method(FEM),using proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)to enhance computational efficiency.In this method,we divide the whole time period into several segments,and construct the POD basis functions to get a reduced order model(ROM)for the source wavefield reconstruction in each segment.We show the corresponding quantitative analysis of the storage requirement of the POD-FEM.Numerical tests on the homogeneous model show the effectiveness of the proposed method,while the layered model and part of the Marmousi model tests indicate that the POD-FEM can keep an excellent balance between computational efficiency and memory usage compared with the full-stored method(FSM)and the BVM,and can be effectively applied in imaging.

随机集值A-proper映象的随机不动点

利用随机集值A-proper映象的随机广义拓扑度的基本性质,在Banach空间中研究了不同边界条件下随机不动点的若干问题,得出了一些新的结果。

Banach空间中的广义Schauder基和广义A-proper映射的广义拓扑度

本文给出Banach空间中广义Schauder基的新概念及其几个性质定理,举出了具有广义Schauder基的不可分Banach空间实例。作为广义Schauder基的应用,还推广了A-proper映射的广义拓扑度和一些著名的不动点定理。

随机集值A-proper映象的随机广义拓扑度

本文引入随机集值A-proper映象的随机广义拓扑度的定义,由此得到一些新的随机不动点和随机固有元定理。

A-proper 算子的反演算子及其广义拓扑度计算

本文研究了A-proper算子的反演算子的A-proper性,并将孙经先(1989)给出的全连续反演算子的拓扑度计算公式推广到A-proper 反演算子,同时还给出了某些应用.

广义S-A-proper映射的拓扑度及其应用

给出了广义ＳＡｐｒｏｐｅｒ映射的定义，建立了此类映射的拓扑度，证明了它具有一般拓扑度常有的性质，并由此给出了广义Ｐ１紧映象的几个不动点定理，它们是一些经典不动点定理的推广。

Smarandachely Adjacent-vertex-distinguishing Proper Edge Coloring ofK4 ∨ Kn

Let f be a proper edge coloring of G using k colors.For each x∈V(G),the set of the colors appearing on the edges incident with x is denoted by S_f(x)or simply S(x)if no confusion arise.If S(u)■S(v)and S(v)■S(u)for any two adjacent vertices u and v,then f is called a Smarandachely adjacent vertex distinguishing proper edge coloring using k colors,or k-SA-edge coloring.The minimum number k for which G has a Smarandachely adjacent-vertex-distinguishing proper edge coloring using k colors is called the Smarandachely adjacent-vertex-distinguishing proper edge chromatic number,or SAedge chromatic number for short,and denoted byχ'_(sa)(G).In this paper,we have discussed the SA-edge chromatic number of K_4∨K_n.

Influence of Nano-Al_2O_3 on Properties of Magnesia Chrome Refractories

Magnesia chrome bricks were prepared with fiLsed MgO- Cr2 O3 synthesized material, fused magnesite and ：hrome ore as main starting materials. Nano-Al2O3 was tdded into refractories （ 2% , 4% and 6% in mass ） ;ubstit,ting for Al203 micropowder. After m＆ing and ;haping, the bricks were fired at 1 550 ℃, 1 600 91℃, t 650 ℃ and 1 750℃, respectively. The microstruc-ure , sintering property, mechanical properties, thermal ;kock resistance and shtg resistance of the specimens with he addition of nano-Al2O3 were investigated. The results indicate that the performance of brick with 4 mass% of nano-Al2O3 is greatly improred afier firing at 1 650 ℃.

A-proper映射拓扑度的应用

利用A-proper映射拓扑度的基本性质,在投影完备的M enger PN-空间中研究了一些方程解的存在性。

广义概率A—proper 映象的拓扑度及其不动点定理

本文建立了M—PN 空间中广义概率A-proper 映象的拓扑度及其不动点定理。它是广义A—proper 映象及其不动点定理的推广。

概率A—proper映象广义拓扑度及其不动点定理

本文拟在概率赋范线性空间(E、F、△),且具有可列基的空间上建立概率A-proper映象拓扑度及其相应的不动点定理。作为特例,我们讨论了在上述空间情形的概率紧连续场的拓扑度。

一种D-ProPer保护框架下的差分隐私数据发布方法

差分隐私保护框架是实现差分隐私的基础环境。文中研究了满足PDP保护的Pro Per框架并对其改进应用到分布式环境中,提出了D-Pro Per差分隐私保护框架。在此框架下,针对GS分组划分方法在划分存在离群点的数据集时会造成巨大误差的问题,提出了满足ε差分隐私的S-GS数据发布方法。该方法是在原有GS划分方法的基础上引进差值集这一概念用于对数据集中存在的离群点进行判定,并对其进行针对性的划分,并进行了两组S-GS方法与GS方法的对比实验。实验结果表明,在拥有大量离群点的数据集中S-GS方法比GS方法有更强的算法鲁棒性以及更好的数据可用性。

The Electrical and Optical Properties of Zn0.5Li2xMg0.5-xFe2O4 Lithium Doped Nanoparticle Prepared by Coprecipitation Method

In this study, nano ferrite materials were produced to replace costive industrial materials [1]. Ferrite nanoparticles are the interesting material due to their rich and unique physical and chemical properties. They find applications in catalysis, bio-processing, medicine, magnetic recording, adsorption, devices etc. Using co-participation method, five nano ferrite samples Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 (x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40) were prepared. The electrical and optical properties of the Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 samples were studied using the Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results verified that the formation of the absorption coefficient of the five samples of Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 increased with the increase of Lithium (Li2x). The energy band gap of the Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 samples ranged from 3.28 to 3.12 eV [1]. The extinction coefficient (K) for five samples of Zn0.5Li2xMg0.5-xFe2O4 increased with the increase of Lithium (Li2x) at 338 nm from 0.074 to 0.207. The high magnitude of optical conductivity is (1.34 × 1012 sec-1) and the maximum value of electrical conductivity is 42 (Ω.cm)-1. This may due to the electrical and optical properties of lithium.

PROPER CONDITIONS OF MESHING FOR Hy-Vo SILENT CHAIN AND SPROCKET

Proper meshing of Hy-Vo silent chain and sprocket is important for realizing the transmission of the silent chain with more efficiency and less noise. Based on the study of the meshing theory of the Hy-Vo silent chain with the sprocket and the roll cutting machining principle of the sprocket with the hob, the proper conditions of the meshing for the Hy-Vo silent chain and the sprocket are put forward with the variable pitch characteristic of the Hy-Vo silent chain taken into consideration, and the proper meshing design method on the condition that the value of the link tooth pressure angle is unequal to the value of the sprocket tooth pressure angle is studied. Experiments show that this new design method is feasible. In addition, the design of the pitch, the sprocket tooth pressure angle and the fillet radius of the sprocket addendum circle are studied. It is crucial for guiding the design of the hob which cuts the Hy-Vo silent chain sprocket.

BENSON PROPER EFFICIENCY IN THE NEARLY CONE-SUBCONVEXLIKE VECTOR OPTIMIZATION WITH SET-VALUED FUNCTIONS

Some properties of convex cones are obtained and are used to derive several equivalent conditions as well as another important property for nearly cone-subconvexlike set-valued functions. Under the assumption of nearly cone-subconvexlikeness,a Lagrangian multiplier theorem on Benson proper efficiency is presented. Related results are generalized.

Inverse Method of Centrifugal Pump Impeller Based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) Method

To improve the accuracy and reduce the calcu- lation cost for the inverse problem of centrifugal pump impeller, the new inverse method based on proper orthog- onal decomposition （POD） is proposed. The pump blade shape is parameterized by quartic Bezier curve, and the initial snapshots is generated by introducing the perturbation of the blade shape control parameters. The internal flow field and its hydraulic performance is predicted by CFD method. The snapshots vector includes the blade shape parameter and the distribution of blade load. The POD basis for the snap- shots set are deduced by proper orthogonal decomposition. The sample vector set is expressed in terms of the linear combination of the orthogonal basis. The objective blade shape corresponding to the objective distribution of blade load is obtained by least square fit. The Iterative correction algorithm for the centrifugal pump blade inverse method based on POD is proposed. The objective blade load dis- tributions are corrected according to the difference of the CFD result and the POD result. The two dimensional and three dimensional blade calculation cases show that the proposed centrifugal pump blade inverse method based on POD have good convergence and high accuracy, and thecalculation cost is greatly reduced. After two iterations, the deviation of the blade load and the pump hydraulic perfor- mance are limited within 4.0% and 6.0% individually for most of the flow rate range. This paper provides a promising inverse method for centrifugal pump impeller, which will benefit the hydraulic optimization of centrifugal pump.

Coherency matrix-based proper orthogonal decomposition with application to wind field simulation

Proper Orthogonal Decomposition （POD） provides a powerful modal transformation tool for stochastic dynamics. In this paper, coherency matrix-based proper orthogonal decomposition （CPOD） is presented as an innovative form of the POD based on cross power spectral density matrices. By introducing a discretizing scheme, the CPOD-based spectral representation method is obtained for use in stochastic simulation. Moreover, some criteria are proposed that allow the truncation order of CPOD to be conveniently determined. A numerical example to illustrate the application of the proposed method for the simulation of a wind velocity field is provided.

Coherent structures over riblets in turbulent boundary layer studied by combining time-resolved particle image velocimetry(TRPIV),proper orthogonal decomposition(POD),and finite-time Lyapunov exponent(FTLE)

Time-resolved particle image velocimetry（TRPIV） experiments are performed to investigate the coherent structure＇s performance of riblets in a turbulent boundary layer（TBL） at a friction Reynolds number of 185. To visualize the energetic large-scale coherent structures（CSs） over a smooth surface and riblets, the proper orthogonal decomposition（POD） and finite-time Lyapunov exponent（FTLE） are used to identify the CSs in the TBL. Spatial-temporal correlation is implemented to obtain the characters and transport properties of typical CSs in the FTLE fields. The results demonstrate that the generic flow structures, such as hairpin-like vortices, are also observed in the boundary layer flow over the riblets, consistent with its smooth counterpart. Low-order POD modes are more sensitive to the riblets in comparison with the high-order ones,and the wall-normal movement of the most energy-containing structures are suppressed over riblets. The spatial correlation analysis of the FTLE fields indicates that the evolution process of the hairpin vortex over riblets are inhibited. An apparent decrease of the convection velocity over riblets is noted, which is believed to reduce the ejection/sweep motions associated with high shear stress from the viscous sublayer. These reductions exhibit inhibition of momentum transfer among the structures near the wall in the TBL flows.

Proper In deposition amount for on-demand epitaxy of InAs/GaAs single quantum dots

The test-QD in-situ annealing method could surmount the critical nucleation condition of InAs/GaAs single quantum dots（SQDs） to raise the growth repeatability.Here,through many growth tests on rotating substrates,we develop a proper In deposition amount（θ） for SQD growth,according to the measured critical θ for test QD nucleation（θ;）.The proper ratio θ/θ;,with a large tolerance of the variation of the real substrate temperature(T;),is 0.964-0.971 at the edge and> 0.989 but < 0.996 in the center of a 1/4-piece semi-insulating wafer,and around 0.9709 but < 0.9714 in the center of a 1/4-piece N;wafer as shown in the evolution of QD size and density as θ/θ;varies.Bright SQDs with spectral lines at 905 nm-935 nm nucleate at the edge and correlate with individual 7 nm-8 nm-height QDs in atomic force microscopy,among dense 1 nm-5 nm-height small QDs with a strong spectral profile around 860 nm-880 nm.The higher T;in the center forms diluter,taller and uniform QDs,and very dilute SQDs for a proper θ/θ;:only one 7-nm-height SQD in25 μm;.On a 2-inch（1 inch = 2.54 cm） semi-insulating wafer,by using θ/θ;= 0.961,SQDs nucleate in a circle in 22%of the whole area.More SQDs will form in the broad high-T;region in the center by using a proper θ/θ;.