Prevention and Nursing of Adverse Reactions of Novel Coronavirus Inactivated Vaccine (Vero Cells)

Objective:To discuss and analyze the causes of adverse reactions caused by the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells),and to propose methods of prevention and care.Methods:A questionnaire was used to randomly select 229 adults who were vaccinated with the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells)at Xi’an People’s Hospital(Xi’an Fourth Hospital).The adverse reactions were statistically analyzed.Results:Among the 229 adults vaccinated with the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells),30 experienced vaccination reactions.The main reaction was local induration at the inoculation site,and dizziness was the primary systemic symptom.Conclusion:To reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells),it is necessary to effectively evaluate the health status of adults before vaccination,select the correct vaccination site,and strictly implement the rules of 3-inspections,7-checks,and 1-verification.Standardizing the operation process and providing thorough health education after vaccination can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Propofol sedation in routine endoscopy:A case series comparing target controlled infusion vs manually controlled bolus concept

BACKGROUND Many studies have addressed safety and effectiveness of non-anaesthesiologist propofol sedation(NAPS)for gastrointestinal(GI)endoscopy Target controlled infusion(TCI)is claimed to provide an optimal sedation regimen by avoiding under-or oversedation.AIM To assess safety and performance of propofol TCI sedation in comparison with nurse-administered bolus-sedation.METHODS Fouty-five patients undergoing endoscopy under TCI propofol sedation were prospectively included from November 2016 to May 2017 and compared to 87 patients retrospectively included that underwent endoscopy with NAPS.Patients were matched for age and endoscopic procedure.We recorded time of sedation and endoscopy,dosage of medication and adverse events.RESULTS There was a significant reduction in dose per time of propofol administered in the TCI group,compared to the NAPS group(8.2±2.7 mg/min vs 9.3±3.4 mg/min;P=0.046).The time needed to provide adequate sedation levels was slightly but significantly lower in the control group(5.3±2.7 min vs 7.7±3.3 min;P<0.001),nonetheless the total endoscopy time was similar in both groups.No differences between TCI and bolus-sedation was observed for mean total-dosage of propofol rate as well as adverse events.CONCLUSION This study indicates that sedation using TCI for GI endoscopy reduces the dose of propofol necessary per minute of endoscopy.This may translate into less adverse events.However,further and randomized trials need to confirm this trend.

Safety and efficacy comparison of remimazolam and propofol for intravenous anesthesia during gastroenteroscopic surgery of older patients:A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Remimazolam is characterized by rapid action and inactive metabolites.It is used as the general anesthetic for many clinical surgeries.In this study,we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether remimazolam is superior to propofol for gastroenteroscopy in older patients.AIM To compare the adverse events and efficacy of remimazolam and propofol during gastroenteroscopy in older adults.METHODS The PubMed,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library databases were queried for the relevant key words"remimazolam,""and propofol,""and gastrointestinal endoscopy or gastroscopy."The search scope was"Title and Abstract,"and the search was limited to human studies and publications in English.Seven studies wherein remimazolam and propofol were compared were included for the metaanalysis.RESULTS We selected seven randomized controlled trials involving 1445 cases for the analysis.Remimazolam reduced the hypotension(relative risk,RR=0.44,95%CI:0.29-0.66,P=0.000),respiratory depression(RR=0.46,95%CI:0.30-0.70,P=0.000),injection pain(RR=0.12,95%CI:0.05-0.25,P=0.000),bradycardia(RR=0.37,95%CI:0.24-0.58,P=0.000),and time to discharge[weighted mean difference(WMD)=-0.58,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.18,P=0.005],compared to those after propofol administration.No obvious differences were observed for postoperative nausea and vomiting(RR=1.09,95%CI:0.97-1.24,P=0.151),dizziness(RR=0.77,95%CI:0.43-1.36,P=0.361),successful sedation rate(RR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-1.00,P=0.083),or the time to become fully alert(WMD=0.00,95%CI:-1.08-1.08,P=0.998).CONCLUSION Remimazolam appears to be safer than propofol for gastroenteroscopy in older adults.However,further studies are required to confirm these findings.

Analysis of Adverse Reactions in the Treatment of COVID-19 with Three Chinese Patent Medicines and Three Herbal Formulas

Objective To explore the rules and characteristics of the adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of three Chinese patent medicines and three herbal formulas for the treatment of COVID-19,and to provide a reference for clinical safe medication.Methods The cases and ADR reports of the three Chinese patent medicines and three herbal formulas in PubMed,Web of Science,Springer Link,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP database were retrieved from December 2019 to May 2021.Then we extracted and analyzed the effective information included in the literature.Results and Conclusion According to the pre-developed retrieval plan,a total of 136 documents were obtained,and a total of 6 documents met the inclusion criteria finally.553 patients used three Chinese patent medicines and three herbal formulas,and there were 133 cases of adverse reactions.The adverse reactions of patients taking the three Chinese patent medicines and three herbal formulas can all be explained under the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,and the adverse reactions can be eliminated by adding or subtracting the flavor of the medicine or stopping the medicine.

Efficacy and safety of propofol target-controlled infusion combined with butorphanol for sedated colonoscopy

BACKGROUND Propofol is a short-acting,rapid-recovering anesthetic widely used in sedated colonoscopy for the early detection,diagnosis and treatment of colon diseases.However,the use of propofol alone may require high doses to achieve the induction of anesthesia in sedated colonoscopy,which has been associated with anesthesia-related adverse events(AEs),including hypoxemia,sinus bradycardia,and hypotension.Therefore,propofol co-administrated with other anesthetics has been proposed to reduce the required dose of propofol,enhance the efficacy,and improve the satisfaction of patients receiving colonoscopy under sedation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of propofol target-controlled infusion(TCI)in combination with butorphanol for sedation during colonoscopy.METHODS In this controlled clinical trial,a total of 106 patients,who were scheduled for sedated colonoscopy,were prospectively recruited and assigned into three groups to receive different doses of butorphanol before propofol TCI:Low-dose butorphanol group(5μg/kg,group B1),high-dose butorphanol group(10μg/kg,group B2),and control group(normal saline,group C).Anesthesia was achieved by propofol TCI.The primary outcome was the median effective concentration(EC50)of propofol TCI,which was measured using the up-and-down sequential method.The secondary outcomes included AEs in perianesthesia and recovery characteristics.RESULTS The EC50 of propofol for TCI was 3.03μg/mL[95%confidence interval(CI):2.83-3.23μg/mL]in group B2,3.41μg/mL(95%CI:3.20-3.62μg/mL)in group B1,and 4.05μg/mL(95%CI:3.78-4.34μg/mL)in group C.The amount of propofol necessary for anesthesia was 132 mg[interquartile range(IQR),125-144.75 mg]in group B2 and 142 mg(IQR,135-154 mg)in group B1.Furthermore,the awakening concentration was 1.1μg/mL(IQR,0.9-1.2μg/mL)in group B2 and 1.2μg/mL(IQR,1.025-1.5μg/mL)in group B1.Notably,the propofol TCI plus butorphanol groups(groups B1 and B2)had a lower incidence of anesthesia AEs,when compared to group C.Furthermore,no significant differences were observed in the rates of AEs in perianesthesia,including hypoxemia,sinus bradycardia,hypotension,nausea and vomiting,and vertigo,among group C,group B1 and group B2.CONCLUSION The combined use with butorphanol reduces the EC50 of propofol TCI for anesthesia.The decrease in propofol might contribute to the reduced anesthesia-related AEs in patients undergoing sedated colonoscopy.

Safely Using TCM Herbs： Adverse Reactions and Precautions

Although most people believe that herbal remedies are relatively safe to use, some are toxic or possess adverse reactions, especially when used incorrectly.Commonly used TCM herbs with known adverse reactions, as well as the most toxic herbs in the Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China are listed as follows:

Patterns of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Agents Use in Urological Inpatients and Their Perception of Adverse Reactions

Purpose: To evaluate the rate of any type of anticoagulant drug use in urological inpatients and patients awareness of their effect on coagulation. Material and methods: This observational study was conducted prospectively in a cohort of 193 consecutive urological inpatients who were asked to state the medications they were taking and following that, were specifically asked whether they were taking aspirin or other antiplatelet/anticoagulant agents. In case they did so, they were further asked why they were taking them, whether they knew their effect on coagulation and who had informed them on the matter. Results: Forty-seven patients received some kind of antithrombotic treatment. Twenty-nine per cent of aspirin users had to be specifically prompted in order to state its use, in comparison to 35.7% and 25% of other antiplatelets and warfarin users, respectively. Half of patients receiving warfarin were not aware of its effect on coagulation in comparison to 32.3% and 21.4% of those taking aspirin and other antiplatelets, respectively. Conclusion: Urologists should be aware of the high use of such agents by their patients and that not all patients are aware of their effect on coagulation, while some, even fail to report their use and have to be specifically prompted.

Clinical features of adverse reactions associated with telbivudine

AIM: To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of adverse reactions associated with telbivudine. METHODS: Clinical data were collected from cases that presented with serious adverse reactions to telbivudine. We analyzed general information and medicine status, clinical features, results of examination, and misdiagnosis. RESULTS: Out of 105 patients who were treated with telbivudine for hepatitis B in an outpatient department from January, 2007 to January, 2008, five presented with serious adverse drug reactions. Most of these five patients had used other nucleoside analogues in the past. Four were treated with a combination of telbivudine and interferon or another nucleoside analogue, while the other received an increased dose of telbivudine. The main adverse reactions were myalgia and general weakness. This was accompanied by cardiac arrhythmia in one patient, and nervous symptoms in three. Serum creatine kinase was elevated. The rate of misdiagnosis was high. CONCLUSION: The adverse reactions were related to telbivudine, but the biological mechanism of the reactions is not yet clear. Combination therapy with interferon or another nucleoside analogue and a high dose may increase the risk of adverse reactions.

Protective Effect of Oral Steroid Premedication: Adverse Reactions to Nonionic Iodine Contrast Media for Computed Tomography

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of oral steroid premedication in terms of adverse reactions to non-ionic contrast media. We investigated the incidence of adverse reactions among patients who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Patients in the premedication group took 30 mg of prednisolone orally the night before and on the morning of the scheduled computed tomography. Sixty-five patients received the same contrast media. Among them, 56 took prednisolone orally prior to the procedure (premedication without change of contrast media group) and nine without premedication (no premedication and no change of contrast media group). In total, 379 patients received different contrast media. Among them, 340 took prednisolone orally (premedication with change of contrast media group), while 39 did not take the premedication (no premedication with change of contrast media group). The adverse reaction rates in the premedication with change of contrast media and no premedication with change of contrast media groups were 1.8% (6/340 cases) and 2.6% (1/39 cases) (P = 0.54), respectively. The incidence of adverse reaction after the administration of non-ionic iodinated contrast media did not differ significantly based on whether an oral steroid was administered prior to compute tomography. Our evaluation is limited due to the small sample size of the contrast media-changed group. However, even if premedication with steroids is effective, it may only result in an adverse reaction reduction rate of ≤3%.

A qualitative study on the adverse reactions of mass treatment for lymphatic filariasis in Orissa,India

Objective:To describe the perceptions of community members and programme partners regarding severity,management and impact of adverse reactions on mass drug administration (MDA) compliance.Methods:Based on various qualitative data collected from five districts of Orissa,India,where MDA had been implemented during 2002 and 2004.The qualitative surveys included focus group discussions with community members and health workers,and semi-structured interviews with key informants in the community,medical officers at primary health centres,district level health officers and private practitioners.Results:It showed that many people suffered from adverse reactions,though the reactions were not serious.The paper reported different ways of management of adverse reactions at the community level.The impact of adverse reactions on MDA compliance was serious,as many people did not consume the drug due to fear of adverse reactions.The rumours of adverse reactions and news in media deterred people from consuming the tablets.Conclusion:All categories of respondents indicates the need of more information to address the problem of adverse reactions during MDA.The present paper warrants incorporating the messages on adverse reactions during health communication and social mobilization campaigns of MDA.

Risk factors for adverse reactions of fundus fluorescein angiography

Background:To explore the difference between the outcomes of correlations between a series of variables and adverse reactions(ARs)to fluorescein from univariate and multivariate analysis and to evaluate the nausea effects in different age groups.Methods:A retrospective study of patients undergoing consecutive fluorescein angiography between March2010 and February 2012 was conducted.No patients were excluded on the ground of age,presence of atopy,allergy history,previous procedures without severe allergic ARs,asymptomatic hypertension and kidney failure with serum creatinine levels lower than 250μmol/L or with renal dialysis.Results:A total of 829 patients were enrolled and 22.2%of them had ARs.The majority of reactions were nausea(12.1%)which occurred less when age became old(P<0.0001).When the correlations between a series of variables and ARs were assessed separately,age(P<0.0001),prior reactions(P<0.0001)and motion sickness(P=0.0062)were highly and cardio/cerebrovascular disease(P=0.0015),diabetes(P=0.0001)and renal disease(P=0.0219)were lowly related to ARs.However,when the correlations were assessed simultaneously,only age[odd ratio(OR)0.974;95%confidence interval(CI),0.962–0.986],prior reactions(OR 5.596;95%CI,2.083–15.029)and motion sickness(OR 4.849;95%CI,1.583–14.856)were statistically correlated with ARs.Conclusions:Fluorescein angiography is a safe procedure for patients who are relatively healthy but with a history of any systemic disease.Young age,prior reactions and motion sickness which are highly related to emetic events should be considered in the evaluation of ARs to fluorescein.

Attention and Intervention of Oncologists on Oxaliplatin-induced Adverse Reactions in China' Mainland:A Cross-sectional Internet-based Survey

Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the current attention and intervention of oncologists on oxaliplatin(OXA)-induced adverse reactions(ADRs).Methods In 31 provinces or administrative regions across China,401 oncologists were surveyed through a self-designed questionnaire.The survey queried the basic information of respondents,clinical use of OXA,OXA-induced ADRs,and relative interventions.Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression were used to explore the sociodemographic factors influencing the safety perception of OXA and the relevant interventions.Results The survey showed that the age of respondents was mainly distributed between 30 and 40 years and the working period for most oncologists was no more than 5 years.Oncologists with long working years were more willing to conduct patient education and inquire about ADRs than those with short working years.The rate of ADRs reported by oncologists with intermediate professional titles was significantly higher than that reported by oncologists with junior and senior professional titles.Conclusion Our findings indicate that oncologists in China's Mainland are concerned about OXA-induced ADRs,but the reporting of ADRs still needs to be strengthened.Therefore,training and educational programs are urgently needed to improve the risk management of OXA-induced ADRs among oncologists.

A Case of Adverse Reaction to Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination: Could D-Dimer Elevation Suggest Increased Clotting Risk?

We report the clinical case of a 40-year-old Italian woman, who soon after her booster vaccination with mRNA-1273 after the two previous vaccinations with BNT162b2, developed severe headache, high fever, and Musculo-skeletal pain. She went to the emergency department, where computerized tomography (CT) scans of chest and brain were performed, resulting in both negative for pathologic findings. On the contrary, white blood count was strongly lowered and D-dimer severely elevated. She improved after treatment with enoxaparin and the blood analyses returned in the normal range after ten days. This case supports the hypothesis that COVID-19 vaccines could increase blood clotting in some predisposed subjects. Therefore, we believe that robust and well-designed clinical trials, considering the evaluation of D-dimer levels, should be performed to eliminate any doubts on this issue.

Incidence of adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccination:A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective:To systematically evaluate the incidence of adverse reactions to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination.Methods:We systematically searched PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,WanFang Data,and VIP Database from the inception of each database to August 31,2021.Randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)on the safety of different types of COVID-19 vaccines were retrieved and analyzed.A random or fixed-effects model was used with an odds ratio as the effect size.The quality of each reference was evaluated.The incidence of the adverse reactions of the placebo group and the vaccination group was compared.Heterogeneity and publication bias were taken care of by meta-regression and sub-group analyses.Results:A total of 13 articles were included,with 81287 subjects.Compared with the placebo group,the vaccination group showed a higher combined risk ratio(RR)of total adverse reactions(RR=1.67,95%CI:1.46-1.91,P<0.01),local adverse reactions(RR=2.86,95%CI:2.11-3.87,P<0.01),systemic adverse reactions(RR=1.25,95%CI:0.92-1.72,P=0.16),pain(RR=2.55,95%CI:1.75-3.70,P<0.01),swelling(RR=4.16,95%CI:1.71-10.17,P=0.002),fever(RR=2.34,95%CI:1.84-2.97,P<0.01),fatigue(RR=1.36,95%CI:1.32-1.41,P<0.01)and headache(RR=1.22,95%CI:1.18-1.26,P<0.01).The subgroup analysis showed the incidence of adverse reactions of the vaccination group after injection of the three COVID-19 vaccines(inactivated viral vaccines,mRNA vaccines and adenovirus vector vaccines)was higher than that of the placebo group,and the difference between the placebo group and the vaccination group in the mRNA vaccine subgroup and the adenovirus vector vaccine subgroup was statistically significant(P<0.01).The incidence of adverse reactions after injection of COVID-19 vaccine in subgroups of different ages was significantly higher than that in the placebo group(P<0.01).Conclusions:COVID-19 vaccines have a good safety,among which adenovirus vector vaccine has the highest incidence of adverse reactions.Both adolescents and adults vaccinated with novel coronavirus vaccine have a certain proportion of adverse reactions,but the symptoms are mild and can be relieved by themselves.Our meta-analysis can help boost global awareness of vaccine safety,promote mass vaccination,help build regional and global immune barriers and effectively curb the recurrency of COVID-19.

Safely Using TCM Herbs: Adverse Reaction and Precautions (Continued)

Chan su (Venenum Bufonis,蟾酥)Its main active and toxic constituent is bufotoxin, which has a function similar to digitalis glycosides.Adverse reactions and toxicity: Chan su, althoughit is used in patent preparations, is traditionally known for its toxicity and is seldom used in decoctions. Toxicity is often due to over dosage of the patents, such as Liushenwan (六神丸) and Houzhengwan (喉症丸). After administration

Analysis of 8611 Cases of Adverse Reaction Reports of Breviscapine for Injection

[Objectives]To analyze the occurrence rules and factors influencing adverse reactions of breviscapine for injection,explore potential drug risks,and guide the clinical rational medication.[Methods]The retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the case reports of adverse reactions of breviscapine for injection,and analyze the gender and age distribution of the cases,the patient's medication status,the adverse reactions involving organ/system damage and clinical manifestations,the occurrence time,duration,and outcome of the adverse reactions.[Results]Adverse reactions of breviscapine for injection were mainly concentrated in middle-aged and elderly patients aged 45 and above,accounting for 85.35%;in the gender distribution,females were higher than males;adverse reactions involved multiple organ/system damages.Among them,75.86%of patients had adverse reactions after the first medication,and 11.77%of reported patients had concomitant medications.[Conclusions]The adverse reactions caused by breviscapine for injection may be related to the patient's age,gender and irrational medication.

Analysis of the adverse reactions of atezolizumab: A real-world study based on FAERS database

Objective In this study,we aimed to determine the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of atezolizumab,identify ADR signals that are significantly related to atezolizumab,and provide a reference for the rational use of atezolizumab in the clinic through the statistical analysis of its adverse drug events(ADEs)reported in the American Food and Drug Administration(FDA)Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database.Methods In total,4796 cases of atezolizumab ADEs reported in the American FAERS database from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The top three ADEs were febrile neutropenia(3.7%),anemia(2.9%),and acute renal failure(2.3%).In addition,the incidence rates of some ADEs were significantly different according to sex and age.The systematic organ classification of atezolizumab ADEs involved 32 systems,among which the top three were blood and lymphatic system disorders(585 cases,12.2%),gastrointestinal disorders(433 cases,9.0%),and infections and infestations(401 cases,8.4%).The reporting odds ratio(ROR)method was used to detect the ADR signals of atezolizumab.The ROR(95%confidence interval)of the top ADE,febrile neutropenia,was 39.236(33.757–45.604).In addition,we found 121 cases of complications associated with immune-related ADEs.Conclusion The ADRs of atezolizumab reported in the FAERS database were consistent with those mentioned in the instructions for atezolizumab use,suggesting that atezolizumab has an acceptable and controllable drug effect.

Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Reactions of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Malignant Skin Tumors and Precancerous Skin Diseases

The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant skin tumors and precancerous skin diseases.First of all,100 patients with malignant skin tumor and pre-cancer skin disease admitted to our hospital from January 20,2018 to September 18,2018 were selected,and all of them adopted photodynamic therapy.The 100 patients included 40 cases of basal cell carcinoma,14 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,7 cases of proliferative erythema,9 cases of Bowen’s disease and 39 cases of solar keratosis.Among the 100 patients,77 cases had excellent curative effect,18 cases had good effect and 5 cases had poor effect,and the overall effective rate was 95%(95/100).After 6 months of follow-up,5 cases of basal cell carcinoma,2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,0 cases of proliferative erythra,1 case of Bowen’s disease and 3 cases of solar keratosis recurred,with an overall recurrence rate of 14%(14/100).The adverse reactions of pruritus were 90%(90/100),81%(81/100),90%(90/100)and 3%(3/100).Therefore,the application of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant skin tumors and precancerous skin diseases is not only effective,but also safe and not easy to relapse.

Systematic review on the adverse reactions of oral administration of Indigo Naturalis and its preparations

Objective:This article systematically analyses the effects of adverse drug events/adverse drug reactions(ADEs/ADRs)of oral Indigo Naturalis(Qingdai)preparations in order to provide references for its rational clinical application.Methods:All clinical studies reporting ADE/ADR related to the oral administration of Qingdai preparations were searched through electronic databases,including PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Biology Medicine disc(CBM),VIP Information Chinese Journal Service Platform(VIP),and Wanfang database,from inception to September 27,2020.Information were extracted from these literatures,including primary disease,type of adverse reactions,dose,treatment,outcomes and so on.Incidence of ADE/ADR was estimated,as well as distribution of primary diseases and victim organs and systems were analyzed.Results:A total of 682 articles were included,with 651 clinical population studies and 31 case reports.Among them,604 detailed ADR/AE involving 33459 patients using oral Qingdai preparations,and a total of 5061 cases were found to present adverse events,including 2827 cases of digestive system(abdominal pain,diarrhea,etc.),469 cases of blood system damage(thrombocytopenia,leukopenia,anemia,etc.),313 cases of liver damage(abnormal liver function,liver toxicity,elevated liver enzymes,etc.),327 cases of nervous system reactions(headache,dizziness,poor sleep,etc.)and 1186 cases of other systems and organs.Severe adverse events(SAEs)mainly were liver damage,and could be relived after symptomatic treatment.Conclusion:From the systematic information retrieval and analysis,it is found that oral Qingdai preparations application may clinically cause ADEs/ADRs in terms of gastrointestinal tract and liver damage.Therefore,when using oral Qingdai preparations,liver and stomach protection should be done.At the same time,pay close attention to various biochemical indicators and the patient's drug response during the treatment process,and,if necessary,deal with it in time so as not to deteriorate the condition.Moreover,active surveillance system should be conducted to monitor ADE/ADR,so as to establish a clearer causal relationship between the drug and the adverse event.

Research progress on pharmacology and adverse reactions of gastrodin

Gastrodin(4-hydroxymethylphenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside)is an active ingredient with high content,which is isolated from the rhizome of Gastrodia elata.Gastrodin injections,tablets and capsules are currently the main gastrodin-related preparations in clinical practice,and gastrodin injections are the most widely used.This article will summarize pharmacology and adverse reactions of gastrodin to evaluate its safety,effectiveness and quality control.Gastrodin has pharmacological effects on central nervous system(vertigo,headache,insomnia,neurasthenia,convulsions and epilepsy,etc.),cardiovascular system and other diseases(osteoporosis,osteoarthritis and bone injury,etc.),but we still need to pay attention to its clinical adverse reactions(some patients may have dry mouth and nose,dizziness and stomach discomfort).In addition,further research is needed in other fields,such as health products,food,cosmetics,etc.We also need to further develop and explore the new pharmacological effects of gastrodin and expand its medicinal value.