Petrographic, Geochemical and Metallogenical Context of the Geological Formations of the Goumere Region (North-East of Cote D’Ivoire): Implication to the Knowledge of Gold Mineralization

The Gouméré region is located in the North-East of Côte d’Ivoire and is located in the South-West of the Bui furrow. In order to highlight the geology of the area studied, 14 samples were taken for studies using petrographic, geochemical and metallogenic methods. The study of macroscopic and microscopic petrography made it possible to highlight two major lithological units: 1) a volcano-plutonic unit, formed of gabbros, basalt, volcaniclastics and rhyodacite;2) a sedimentary unit (microconglomerate). From a geochemical point of view, the results obtained indicate that the plutonites are gabbro and gabbro diorite while the volcanics have compositions of basaltic andesites, rhyolite and dacites. The sediments have a litharenitic to sublitharenitic character. The metallogenic study made it possible to highlight hydrothermal alterations and metalliferous paragenesis on the formations studied. Hydrothermal alteration is characterized by the presence of carbonation, silicification, sericitization, sulfidation and to a lesser degree chloritization. Metalliferous paragenesis consists of pyrite, chalcopyrite, hematite and magnetite.

Spatial Availability of Nitrogen and Pesticides in the Surface Layers of Agricultural Soils of Tropical Hydrosystems in the Wet Season: Case of the BéréWatershed in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of the spatial organization of cropping systems and the physicochemical properties of surface layers of the agricultural zones soils in tropical hydrosystems to the spatial availability of nitrogen and pesticides during the wet season, such as the Béré watershed (BW) in C?te d’Ivoire. For this purpose, after mapping the spatial distribution of the BW cropping systems based on the likelihood classification methodology of satellite images of the study area, 27 samples from the 0 - 20 cm horizon of the soil surface layers of the agricultural areas were taken during the wet and agricultural season of the year 2016. The Kjeldahl method has been used to evaluate the total nitrogen concentration and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chain made it possible for the analysis of pesticide residues in the soil solutions. Geostatistical analysis and processing of spatial data and physicochemical and agrochemical soil parameters revealed that two major agricultural areas stand out in the BW, namely the Béré upstream watershed (BUW) dominated at 32.65% by annual croppings (maize, cotton, rainfed or lowland rice, market gardening, etc.) and the Béré downstream watershed (BDW) by large areas of perennial croppings (cashew nuts, cocoa, etc.), i.e. 21.47%. Agricultural soils in BW are usually of the moderately desaturated ferralitic type with a low acid pH and a quite strong temperature, such as those of tropical soils’ characteristics. However, agricultural soils in the BUW are characterized by higher proportions of sand and coarse sand. The parameters such as total porosity, cation exchange capacity, clay, organic matter, silt, fine silt, coarse silt, and potassium ions, are higher in the soils of the agricultural area of the BDW. Moreover, soils in the agricultural areas of the BUW are less rich in total nitrogen (0.84 g·kg-1) in contrast to those of the BDW (1.2 g·kg-1). On the other hand, the median concentrations of total pesticides remain very high in the BUW (193.80 μg·kg-1) in front of those of the BDW (94.81 μg·kg-1). In addition, the biological family of herbicides was the most notable in BW. The chemical families of triazines (100% detection;79.37 μg·kg-1) are the most important in the agricultural area of the BUW with the very significant presence of active molecules of pesticides such as simazine (92.86% detection;13.17 μg·kg-1). However, in the BDW, urea substitute (100% detection;44.02 μg·kg-1) dominate, including the active substance chlortoluron (84.62% detection;10.12 μg·kg-1). The presence and abundance of nitrogen and pesticides in the soils of the agricultural areas of BW are strongly linked to the intensive use of these agrochemicals in cropping systems in recent decades in West African countries, even though most of the active molecules found are forbidden in several countries, especially in European countries. These are applied to tropical agricultural soils with physicochemical characteristics favorable to their retention in wet weather, as confirmed by the case of BW’s agricultural soils. Therefore, the BW’s water resources present worrying risks of contamination during rainy events that deserve to be assessed and monitored. Hence the need to take mitigating measures to this effect in order to preserve the quality of the environment.

Petrogenetic Characterization of the Geological Formations of the Localities of Goumere-Iguela in the South West of the Bui Belt (North-East of Cote d’Ivoire)

Located in the north-east of Côte d’Ivoire, the Gouméré-Iguéla sectors were the subject of a geological mapping. These geological formations are located southwest of the Bui trench. In order to improve the petrogenetic knowledge of the study area, a multidisciplinary methodology integrating microscopic observations and geochemical analyses of major and trace elements was carried out on 15 samples considered as representative of the studied outcrops. The macroscopic and microscopic petrographic study allowed to highlight three major lithological units: 1) a volcano-plutonic unit, formed by gabbros and amphibole-pyroxenite, basalt and rhyodacite;2) a volcano-sedimentary unit containing pyroclastites (of basaltic and andesitic composition);3) a sedimentary unit (meta-sedimentary). These rocks are affected by a general metamorphism of green schist facies and a hydrothermal alteration with pervasive and vein alteration marked by the presence of quartz, calcite, epidote, chlorite and sericite. From a geochemical point of view, the results obtained indicate that the plutonites are gabbros while the volcanites and volcanosedimentary rocks have compositions of basalts, basaltic andesites, rhyolites and dacites. They have mainly a tholeitic character related to subduction zones with crustal contamination. The metasediments are arenites emplaced in an active continental margin environment.

益气活血汤联合阿托伐他汀对糖尿病肾病合并高血压病人hs-CRP、IL-6及TNF-α的影响

目的研究益气活血汤联合阿托伐他汀对糖尿病肾病合并高血压病人肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的影响。方法选择2015年2月—2016年3月在中国人民解放军第三〇五医院诊断为糖尿病肾病合并高血压病人64例,随机均分为观察组与对照组。入组后两组病人即进行糖尿病基础治疗,两组均服用阿托伐他汀治疗,观察组加用益气活血汤治疗。观察记录两组病人治疗前后血压、肾功能、24 h尿微量清蛋白排泄率(UAER)、尿微量白蛋白(m ALB)以及炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP水平变化。结果两组治疗后血压显著下降,观察组收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(SCr)有下降趋势,治疗后两组比较差异无统计学意义;而观察组UAER、m ALB明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后hs-CRP、IL-6及TNF-α水平较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论益气活血汤联合阿托伐他汀能显著降低糖尿病肾病合并高血压病人的hs-CRP、IL-6及TNF-α水平。

Production of High-Purity Silica Sand from Ivorian Sedimentary Basin by Attrition without Acid Leaching Process for Windows Glass Making

To produce high-purity silica sand usable for glass making, the present study was carried out. The objective of this work was to increase the silicon dioxide (SiO2) content to at least 99% using a simple process without chemical input. The raw sand samples were taken from the Ivorian sedimentary basin, from Maféré and Assinie areas, Côte d’Ivoire. Wet sieving and attrition technique were used for the purification process. The results from the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyses of the raw and treated samples show a significant increase of silica content and a significant reduction of impurities. The silica content (SiO2) of the sand of Maféré increases from 98.73% ± 0.15% to 99.92% ± 0.05%. And the sand of Assinie increased from 98.82% ± 0.67% in the raw samples to 99.44% ± 0.27% after treatment. The rate of iron oxide and alumina is reduced in these sands. Moreover, the sand of Maféré contains 53.2% of grains of size lower than 500 microns and that of Assinie contains 29.30%. Regarding the chemical composition of these purified sands, they meet the standard BS2975s, the American Ceramic Society and the National Bureau of Standards for window glass making.

基于COCA语料库的英语近义词研究——以careful和cautious为例

大量的英语近义词一直困扰着中国英语学习者和教师。本文选取careful和cautious这对形容词近义词作为研究对象,以COCA语料库为研究工具,探讨两词在语域,类联结以及搭配上的不同说明在教学中如何利用语料库辨析近义词。文章以careful和cautious这对形容词为例说明在教学中如何运用语料库能更准确地把握同义词的区别从而实现更贴近本族语者的表达。

网络中心化C^4ISR系统中的协同决策

结合信息化条件下体系对抗协同决策能力建设需求,研究了网络中心化C^4 ISR系统中的协同决策问题。首先,描述了网络中心化C^4 ISR系统中协同决策特点;然后,分析了基于网络中心化C^4 ISR系统协同决策能力建设的关键问题;最后,给出了基于网络中心化C^4 ISR系统协同决策能力建设建议。

纳米CeO_2对激光熔覆Fe/Cr_3C_2复合涂层组织与磨损性能的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度仪及滑动磨损试验,研究了1%纳米CeO_2(质量分数)对低碳钢表面激光熔覆Fe/Cr_3C_2复合涂层的组织结构和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明,Fe+Cr_3C_2+1%CeO_2复合涂层的主要组成相是α-Fe、γ-Fe、Cr_3C_2、Cr_(23)C_6及Cr_7C_3等化合物相;加入1%纳米CeO_2后,复合涂层组织明显细化,未熔Cr_3C_2数量显著减少,初生碳化物由粗大杆状向块状转变,数量增加,分布均匀,有效抑制和消除了裂纹的形成;复合涂层硬度和耐磨性能显著提高,Fe+30%Cr_3C_2+1%CeO_2涂层截面显微硬度提高105HV,增幅达到15.4%,且涂层沿深度方向硬度分布均匀性得到明显改善。

探讨老年肺炎患者临床诊断中检验血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)、以及D-二聚体(D-D)水平的临床价值

目的探讨老年肺炎患者临床诊断中检验血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)、以及D-二聚体(D-D)水平的临床价值。方法随机选择该院2015年1月—2016年12月期间收治的50例老年肺炎病例为观察组研究对象,并以同期自愿参与研究的50名健康老年体检者为对照组研究对象,比较两组血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)、以及D-二聚体(D-D)水平。结果观察组老年患者血清CRP(103.2±23.4)mg/L、ESR(35.8±6.5)μg/L、D-D(1 152.4±43.1)mm/h水平均显著高于对照组(8.9±1.2)mg/L、(10.2±1.4)μg/L、(182.6±14.8)mm/h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将观察组以80岁为临界值分组,80岁以上患者CRP(102.4±21.8)mg/L、ESR(34.8±5.8)μg/L、D-D(1 148.7±45.2)mm/h与80岁以下患者(103.8±22.1)mg/L、(35.4±6.2)μg/L、(1 142.3±43.9)mm/h,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论临床上可行血清C反应蛋白、血沉及D-二聚体检测来诊断老年肺炎的情况,为治疗和预后提供有效依据。

基于qPCR和16S rDNA高通量测序研究蓝藻暴发期间太湖竺山湾水体浮游细菌群落

为了探究浮游细菌和蓝藻暴发之间的关系,利用实时荧光定量PCR和高通量测序技术,对夏季蓝藻暴发期间太湖竺山湾表层水和底泥中浮游细菌群落结构和多样性进行研究。结果表明,从门水平来看,水样和底泥中平均相对丰度最高的为变形菌门,放线菌门次之,此外蓝藻门也有一定的比例,可为水华暴发提供预警指示;从属水平来看,水样中的优势细菌主要为GpXI和GpIIa,底泥中为Gp6和GpIIa。

专业认证标准下病理生理学融Sandwich形式案例教学应用探索

目的:探讨临床医学专业认证标准下,融Sandwich形式案例教学模式在临床医学专业病理生理学教学实践中的应用效果.方法:将临床医学专业本科班学生随机分为2组,分别应用融Sandwich形式案例教学(实验组)和传统教学(对照组),课程结束时分别进行笔试和问卷,比较每组教学成绩的差异及学生对融Sandwich形式案例教学的看法.结果:实验组学生病案分析题成绩明显优于对照组,学生对教学效果的满意赞同率达80%以上.结论:在专业认证标准指导下,融Sandwich形式案例教学新模式可以提高病理生理学教学效果,有助于培养学生自主学习及临床实践能力.

PUREX流程钚还原反萃过程的计算机模拟研究进展

PUREX流程为当前后处理工业的主流流程,其计算机模拟研究为研究热点。国外一些国家已进行全流程模拟计算,能够开展工艺条件分析和工艺优化工作,具有重要的应用价值。铀钚分离工艺单元(1B)和钚反萃单元(2B)是PUREX流程的重要环节,二者计算机模拟的基础为钚的还原反萃单元模型。本文总结了国外PUREX流程计算模拟程序中的钚还原反萃模型的研究进展,重点对模型的建立和算法做了介绍。

用于BOTDR的双通道可调M-Z干涉仪研究

针对BOTDR分布式光纤传感技术中背向散射光中布里渊散射信号光的分离提取问题,设计了一种高消光比双通道可调M-Z干涉仪,该干涉仪由两个3 d B耦合器、电动光纤延迟线、偏振控制器及光隔离器构成。使用C波段宽带光源(ASE)对M-Z干涉仪性能进行了检测。并将脉宽为100 ns,重复频率为20 k Hz的脉冲光入射到长度为5 km的普通单模光纤中,将其产生的背向散射光经过M-Z干涉仪滤波后,通过光谱仪检测其输出的光谱信号。实验结果表明该干涉仪能够实现大范围高精度可调节滤波功能,对瑞利散射光的抑制超过20d B,可以有效地将背向散射光中的布里渊散射光信号分离提取出来。

Orem自理模式在股骨粗隆间骨折患者护理中的应用

目的探讨Orem自理模式在股骨粗隆间骨折患者护理中的应用效果情况。方法分析方便选取该院2014年9月—2016年9月骨外科收治的150例股骨粗隆间骨折患者临床资料,依据护理方式不同进行分组,对照组70例和Orem自理模式组80例。观察两组股骨粗隆间骨折患者下床活动时间、住院时间、术后6个月的Harris评分优良率、术后并发症情况。结果 Orem自理模式组股骨粗隆间骨折患者下床活动时间(6.0±2.2)d、住院时间(20.0±2.5)d均低于对照组(9.7±3.2)d和(26.2±3.4)d,Orem自理模式组股骨粗隆间骨折患者术后6个月的Harris评分优良率90.0%均高于对照组70.0%,Orem自理模式组股骨粗隆间骨折患者术后并发症1.3%低于对照组14.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Orem自理模式在股骨粗隆间骨折患者护理中的应用,可以降低患者住院时间,提高预后功能恢复,降低术后并发症,值得临床推广应用。

稀磁半导体CdMnTe单晶的制备新技术

ＣｄＭｎＴｅ是近年来出现的一种新型半导体材料，由于材料中含有磁性Ｍｎ２＋离子，所以又称之为稀释磁性半导体。它具有独特的磁学、光学、电学性质，同时也可用作红外探测器制备中的衬底材料，但是，受材料本身特性的限制，采用传统的长晶工艺制备这种材料存在有较大的困难。本文采用ＡＣＲＴ—Ｂ技术来进行晶体生长，使混料和长晶一次完成。

电极处加入CaCl_2溶液对高岭土电渗试验的影响

为了研究高岭土电渗过程中在电极处加入CaCl_2溶液对电流、排水量、界面电阻、土体电阻率及最终抗剪强度等的影响,开展了相关室内试验。结果表明:电极处加入CaCl_2溶液后,电流的减小趋势得到有效控制,电渗过程中电流大小与加入CaCl_2溶液的量有关,也可能与阳极所加CaCl_2溶液所占比例或者与CaCl_2溶液加入的时间有关;排水量变大,本试验条件下电渗排水量提高了10.9%;电极处加入CaCl_2溶液对阴极处界面电阻的减小很明显;电极处加入CaCl_2溶液后土体总电阻率下降较为明显,而阴极附近土体电阻率的下降对土体总电阻率下降起主要贡献;阳极和中部土体最终抗剪强度提高比较明显,尤其是阳极土体最终抗剪强度提高了16.4 k Pa,但阴极土体抗剪强度无明显提高,因此可以考虑用反转电极的方法来加固阴极土体。该研究可为高岭土电渗试验提供新思路。

江苏省典型汽车涂装企业VOCs排放特征与污染控制技术

利用物料衡算和源排放测试对江苏省典型汽车涂装企业VOCs排放特征进行研究,并提出最佳治理技术。结果表明,大客车单位涂装面积VOCs排放量达到300 g/m2以上,小轿车为40~60 g/m2。苯系物是VOCs排放的重要组分,最高占比为33.2%~64.6%。乙酸丁酯、异丙醇、丁醇等醇酯类物质近年来广泛用于代替苯系物溶剂,其排放占比为29.6%~61.2%。汽车涂装行业最佳治理技术包括采用3C1B、水性免中涂等先进涂装工艺,用粉末涂料、水性涂料和高固体成分涂料等代替溶剂型涂料,从源头控制排放。采用干式漆雾分离技术、转轮浓缩吸附-蓄热式焚烧技术等先进尾气治理技术,VOCs去除率可达99%以上。

TD-LTE技术在智能电网无线通讯中的应用

针对用电需求的增高,建设传输能力强,性能稳定,经济性合理的智能电网迫在眉睫等问题,提出利用先进的4G移动通信技术与电力授权230MHz频段进行有机融合,协助构建智能配电通信网,并结合实际要求,采用SPM模型对智能电网无线通信模型参数进行校正工作,通过提高通信模型的准确性实现无线网络的合理规划,进而降低智能电网无线通信的投资成本。通过对TD-LTE230电力无线专用系统的通信模型参数校正结果及其信号强度仿真覆盖进行评估与测试,达到了良好的应用效果,为智能电网的无线通信模块化应用奠定了基础。

车载自组织网络基于簇的协作MAC协议研究

随着无线通信技术的发展,车载自组织网络(Vehicular Ad Hoc Network,VANET)已经成为一个新型的研究领域。针对VANET中车辆行驶的特征以及车辆间安全信息传输严格的时延限制和高可靠性要求,提出了一种基于簇的协作MAC(CCB-MAC)协议用于安全信息的传输。当在广播期间节点没有接收到安全信息时,被选择的辅助节点重传先前侦听到的安全信息到目的节点,并且重传是在未被预留的时隙中进行的,这将不会中断正常的传输。数值分析和仿真结果表明,CCB-MAC明显提高了安全信息传输成功的概率,降低了传输时延和丢包率。

CL-20晶型转变行为及转晶机理研究进展

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