The effect of interleukin 6 on the growth of LNCaP and PC-3 prostatic carcinoma cells

Objective To investigate the effect of IL-6 on prostatic carcinoma cell lines, and differential effects on androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostatic carcinoma cells. Methods The IL-6 producing capacities of LNCaP and PC-3 cells were determined, and effects of exogenous IL-6 and anti-IL - 6 antibodies on LNCaP and PC - 3 cells were examined. Results LNCaP produced a very small amount of IL-6, but PC-3 produced more, the concentraion of IL-6 being 190 pg/48 h per ml(1 × 106). The exogenous IL-6 inhibited LNCaP growth significantly,but had no obvious effect on PC -3 cells. Anti-IL-6 antibodies lowered PC-3 cells growth rate but had neutral effect on LNCaP. Conclusion PC-3 cells produces IL-6 massively in autocrine manner. IL-6 could be antagonized by anti-IL-6 antibodies,resulting in slowing PC-3 cells growth, and LNCaP cells growth could be inhibited by exogenous IL-6.7 refs,2 tabs.

Inhibitory effect of a new gossypol derivative apogossypolone (ApoG2) on xenograft of human prostate cancer cell line PC-3

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of apogossypolone (ApoG2) on prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in vivo, and explore its mechanism. Methods: The models of transplantation tumors in Balb/c nu/nu mice were established via subcutaneous injection of PC-3 cells and the tumor-transplanted mice were divided into 4 groups: control group and three ApoG2 treatment groups, with 10 mice in each group. Volumes of the tumor were estimated every 2 d and the morphology of tumor tissues was observed. Immunohistochemistry was employed to observe the expression of Bcl-2, PCNA, CD31, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in tumor tissues. Results: ApoG2 (2.5 mg/kg-10 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally once a day can obviously inhibit the growth of subcutaneous prostatic carcinoma implant. The tumor volume decreased obviously when the treatment dosage was bigger than 5.0 mg/kg (P<0.01). Meanwhile, ApoG2 decreased the expression of PCNA and CD31, and enhanced the expression of caspases-3, caspase-8 in tumor tissues. Conclusion: ApoG2 exert an inhibitory effect on prostatic carcinoma possibly by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis Ligand Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer PC-3M Cell Line

Summary： To study the effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand （TRAIL） on PC-3M cell line, PC-3M cell line was incubated with gradient concentrations of TRAIL for 4-24 h. Annixin-V fluorescence staining and TUNEL method were employed to detect the apoptosis of PC-3M cells. The morphology of apoptotic PC-3M cells was observed by electron microscopy. The relationship between TRAIL concentrations and the percentage of apoptotic cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. The proliferation inhibitory ratio was calculated by using MTT colorimetry. Our results showed that apoptosis of PC-3M cells could be induced by treatment with TRAIL for at most 4 h. The results of flow cytometry and MTT colorimetry demonstrated a time-and concentration-dependent relationship between cell apoptosis rate and TRAIL concentration. It is concluded that apoptosis of PC-3M cells can be induced by TRAIL. Because of the selective killing effect of TRAIL on tumor cells, it may become a potential alternative for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

MiR-25-3p attenuates the proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca8113

Objective:To investigate the effects of miR-25-3p on the occurrence,development and proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells.Methods:To establish tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca8113 that stably and highly express miR-25-3p using recombinant reiroviral vector-mediated gene transfer method.The proliferation of transfected Tca8113 was detected by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide(MTT)and cell colony formation assays.eyclnD1,p21^(cipt)and p27^(kipt)mRNA expressions in the transfected Tca-8113 were detected by quantitative PCR.cyclinD1,p21^(cipt),p27^(kipt),AKT,p-AKT,FOXOt and p-FOX01 expressions in the transfected Tca8113 were detected by western blot analysis.In addition,miR-25-3p expression in the tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line and tissue specimen was also detected by quantitative PCR.Results:Quantitative PCR showed that mitt-25-3p expression in the tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and tissue specimen was significantly lower than that in the adjacent tissue.MTT and cell colony formation assays showed that after miR-25-3p overexpression,the proliferation of transfected Tca8113 was obviously attenuated.Western blot analysis and quantitative PCR showed that after miR-25-3p overexpression.p21^(cipt)and p27^(kipt)expressions were upregulated,while cyclinD1,AKT,FOXO1 expressions were downregulated,and AKT and FOXO1 phosphorylation was inactivated in the transfected Tca8113 cells.Conclusions:MiR-25-3p inhibited the proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells and regulated cell cycle-related protein expression,playing an important role in the occurrence and development of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

Contragestazol (DL111-IT) inhibits proliferation of human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC3 in vitro and in vivo

Aim： To evaluate the antiproliferative activity of contragestazol （DL111-IT） on the human prostate cancer cell line PC3 in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms. Methods： The cell killing ability of DL111-IT was measured by the 3-（4,5-dimethylthia-zol,2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） reagent assay method and the tumor xenograft model. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry and protein expression, including retinoblastoma （pRb）, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 （CDK4） and cyclin D 1, was detected by Western blotting. Results： DL111-IT exhibited high efficiency on cell growth inhibition of the human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC3. The drug concentration that yielded 50 % cell inhibition （IC50 value） was 9.9 mg/mL. In the PC3 tumor xenograft study, DL111-IT （1.25 mg/kg-20.0 mg/kg） given once a day for 10 days significantly inhibited tumor growth, with the inhibition rate ranging from 21% to 50 %. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that DL111-IT could cause GI arrest in the PC3 cell line, but not apoptosis. DL111-IT enhanced pRb expression and down-regulated CDK4 and cyclin D 1 expression, suggesting that cell cycle regulation might contribute to the anticancer property of DL 111- IT. Conclusion： DL111-1T inhibits the proliferation of human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC3 in vitro and in vivo by a cell cycle regulation pathway.

The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in PC-3 prostate cancer cells

The present study investigated the effects of the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib on androgen-independent can- cer cells viability and intracellular signaling. Human androgen-independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells were treated with sorafenib. At concentration that suppresses extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, sorafenib treatment reduced the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Sorafenib also down-modulated the levels of mye- loid cell leukemia 1, survivin and cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2. Sorafenib induced caspase-3 cleavage and the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c. However, no nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor was detected after treatment and the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK had an obvious protective effect against the drug. In conclusion, sorafenib induces apoptosis through a caspase-dependent mechanism with down-regulated antiapoptotic proteins in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells in vitro.

Inhibitory effects of apogossypolone on subcutaneous implants of human LNCaP prostatic carcinoma cells

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of apogossypolone (ApoG2) on subcutaneous implants of human LNCaP prostatic carcinoma cells, and explore its mechanism. Methods:To establish human LNCaP prostatic carcinoma cell line subcutaneous xenograft models and observe the inhibitory effect of ApoG2 on the tumor model. Immunohistochemistry was employed to observe the expression of Bcl-2, PCNA, CD31, caspase-3 and-8 in tumor tissues. The microvessel density was calculated. Results:ApoG2 could obviously inhibit the growth of subcutaneous prostatic carcinoma implant. ApoG2 decreased the expression of PCNA and CD31, and increased the expression of caspases-3,-8 in tumor tissues. Conclusion:ApoG2 has an inhibitory effect on prostatic carcinoma implants.

The establishment of a stable PC-3 cell line overexpressing micro RNA-145

Objective To establish stable prostate cancer bone metastasis cell line overexpressing microRAN-145 (miR-145)for the study of the mechanism of miR-145 in bone metastasis.Methods pMSCV-miR-145 plasmids and retroviruses of pMSCV-vector

Effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α on proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer PC-3 cell in hypoxic situation

Objective We transfected recombinant expression plasmid of pcDNA3. 1-HIF-1α into prostate cancer cells, to research effect of HIF-1α on proliferation of prostate cancer cell PC-3. Methods We selected a stable expression cell line with G418 we selected by transfection

Manganese antagonizes iron blocking mitochondrial aconitase expression in human prostate carcinoma cells

Aim： To investigate the possible role of manganese in the regulation of mitochondrial aconitase （mACON） activity human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3 cells. Methods： The mACON enzymatic activities of human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3 cells were determined using a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-coupled assay. Immunoblot and transient gene expression assays were used to study gene expression of the mACON. The putative response element for gene expression was identified using reporter assays with site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility-shift assays. Results： In vitro study revealed that manganese chloride （MnCI2） treatment for 16 h inhibited the enzymatic activity of mACON, which induced the inhibition of citrate utility and cell proliferation of PC- 3 cells. Although results from transient gene expression assays showed that MnCI2 treatment upregulated gene translation by approximately 5-fold through the iron response element pathway, immunoblot and reporter assays showed that MnCl2 treatments inhibited protein and gene expression of mACON. This effect was reversed by cotreatment with ferric ammonium citrate. Additional reporter assays with site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility-shift assays suggested that a putative metal response element in the promoter of the mACON gene was involved in the regulation of MnCh on the gene expression of mACON. Conclusion： These findings suggest that manganese acts as an antagonist of iron, disrupting the enzymatic activity and gene expression of mACON and citrate metabolism in the prostate.

Manganese antagonizes iron blocking mitochondrial aconitase expression in human prostate carcinoma cells

Aim:To investigate the possible role of manganese in the regulation of mitochondrial aconitase(mACON)activity human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3 cells.Methods:The mACON enzymatic activities of human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3 cells were determined using a reduced nicotinamide adenine dmucleotide-coupled assay. Immunoblot and transient gene expression assays were used to study gene expression of the mACON.The putative response element for gene expression was identified using reporter assays with site-directed mutagenesis and electro- phoretic mobility-shift assays.Results:In vitro study revealed that manganese chloride(MnCl2)treatment for 16h inhibited the enzymatic activity of mACON,which induced the inhibition of citrate utility and cell proliferation of PC- 3 cells.Although results from transient gene expression assays showed that MnCl_2,treatment upregulated gene translation by approximately 5-fold through the iron response element pathway,immunoblot and reporter assays showed that MnCl_2 treatments inhibited protein and gene expression of mACON.This effect was reversed by co- treatment with fenic ammonium citrate.Additional reporter assays with site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility-shift assays suggested that a putative metal response element in the promoter of the mACON gene was involved in the regulation of MnCl_2 on the gene expression of mACON.Conclusion:These findings suggest that manganese acts as an antagonist of iron,disrupting the enzymatic activity and gene expression of mACON and citrate metabolism in the prostate.

Ad-ING4对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3体内外抑癌效应的研究

背景与目的:腺病毒作为载体已被广泛用于肿瘤的基因治疗。ING4是生长抑制因子家族中的一个成员,是一种潜在的抑癌基因。本研究旨在探讨腺病毒介导的人ING4基因(Ad-ING4)对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3的体内外抑癌效应及其分子机制。方法:将扩增的Ad-ING4重组腺病毒感染PC-3细胞,用RT-PCR法检测ING4在PC-3细胞中的转录;MTT法检测ING4基因对PC-3细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞术和Hoechst33258染色法检测细胞凋亡的变化;半定量RT-PCR法检测ING4基因的表达对PC-3细胞中的bcl-2、bax、p53和caspase-3凋亡相关基因表达的影响。用Ad-ING4重组腺病毒在裸鼠PC-3移植瘤的瘤体内注射治疗,观察肿瘤生长变化,15d后处死裸鼠,摘除瘤体,称瘤重;用免疫组化法检测瘤组织中Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3和CD34蛋白的表达。结果:腺病毒介导的人ING4基因在PC-3细胞中成功转录,明显抑制PC-3细胞增殖,上调p53、bax、caspase-3基因表达和下调bcl-2基因表达,并诱导细胞凋亡。Ad-ING4重组腺病毒能显著抑制裸鼠PC-3移植瘤的生长,瘤重的抑制率达37%,与空病毒载体Ad-GFP组和细胞对照PBS组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);免疫组化结果显示Ad-ING4重组腺病毒能明显上调Bax和Caspase-3蛋白的表达水平,下调Bcl-2和CD34蛋白的表达水平。结论:腺病毒介导的ING4基因在体内外均可明显抑制人前列腺癌细胞PC-3的生长,诱导其凋亡,其机制可能是上调P53、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白和下调Bcl-2蛋白表达水平。

新型棉酚衍生物ApoG2对人前列腺癌PC-3移植瘤生长的抑制

目的:探讨棉酚衍生物ApoG2对前列腺癌的抑制作用,并了解其作用机理。方法:建立人前列腺癌细胞的裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,在ApoG2作用下观察其对皮下移植瘤生长的抑制作用,通过免疫组化方法检测肿瘤组织中bcl-2、PCNA及caspase-3、-8的表达。结果:ApoG2可明显抑制前列腺癌皮下移植瘤生长速度,肿瘤体积明显减小,ApoG2能增加肿瘤组织中caspase-3、8的表达,减少PCNA表达。结论:ApoG2对人前列腺癌有显著的生长抑制作用。

蕃茄汁对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖的影响

目的 研究番茄汁对人前列腺癌PC 3细胞增殖的影响及其可能的机制。方法 体外培养人前列腺癌PC 3细胞,分别加入不同浓度的番茄汁;用彗星试验测定经番茄汁处理的人前列腺癌PC 3细胞DNA链断裂情况,分析DNA的损伤作用;采用MTT法测定细胞的增殖情况。结果 番茄汁对人前列腺癌PC 3细胞的DNA具有损伤作用,可使DNA链断裂,DNA的迁移长度与彗星细胞拖尾率显著增高,与对照组相比,差异有非常显著性;能抑制PC 3细胞的增殖,与对照组相比,各实验组的吸光度逐渐降低,差异有非常显著性,且随着浓度的增加抑制作用逐渐加强。结论 番茄汁可诱导人前列腺癌PC 3细胞的DNA损伤,从而抑制其生长。

番茄汁对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨番茄汁对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞生长抑制作用及其机理研究。方法:番茄红素及不同浓度番茄汁作用于人前列腺癌PC-3细胞48h;采用生长曲线及噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测番茄汁、番茄红素对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞的生长抑制作用,通过原位(缺口)末端标记法(TUNEL)法观察凋亡细胞的形态结构变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡峰。结果:番茄汁、番茄红素能显著抑制人前列腺癌PC-3细胞生长;TUNEL方法检测呈阳性;流式细胞仪分析图上出现典型的凋亡细胞峰。以上各指标中,番茄汁随着浓度增大其作用加强;低剂量组的作用虽比番茄红素组差,中剂量组的作用与番茄红素组相比无差别,高剂量组的作用比番茄红素组强。结论:番茄汁对抗人前列腺癌PC-3细胞的作用,除番茄红素外,可能还存在其他抗癌成分的交互作用。番茄汁、番茄红素对PC-3细胞生长抑制作用的机理可能与其诱导人前列腺癌PC-3细胞细胞凋亡有关。

IL-24基因联合电离辐射对前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨人白细胞介素24(IL-24)基因联合X射线对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡的影响,为IL-24基因联合电离辐射治疗肿瘤奠定实验基础。方法:检测电离辐射对PC-3细胞凋亡的影响分为假照射组及2、4、6、8、12和18GyX射线照射组;检测IL-24目的基因的表达分为对照组(0.01mol.L-1PBS)、空载体组[pcDNA3.1(+)载体]和IL-24基因组;检测IL-24基因联合电离辐射对PC-3细胞凋亡的影响分为对照组、空载体组、IL-24基因组、单纯照射组(6Gy)、空载体联合照射组以及IL-24基因联合照射组。碱裂解法提取纯化质粒DNA,用PEI转染质粒DNA至PC-3细胞中,目的基因表达的检测采用RT-PCR法。AnnexinV-FITC和PI双染后,采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测肿瘤细胞凋亡的变化。结果:与假照组比较,2和4GyX射线照射48h后PC-3细胞凋亡百分率无明显变化,6GyX射线照射后细胞凋亡百分率开始明显升高(P<0.01),且细胞凋亡百分率随剂量增大而增加,约是假照组的1.6～3.0倍。PC-3细胞中对照组和空载体组均未观察到IL-24基因的表达,而IL-24基因组则可见IL-24基因的表达;以上3组均有GAPDH基因的表达。IL-24基因联合照射组与对照组、空载体组、IL-24基因组、单纯照射组和空载体联合照射组比较,早期凋亡细胞数均有上升趋势,除单纯照射组外,与其他组比较差异均有显著性(P<0.05);晚期凋亡和坏死细胞数也均有上升趋势,其中与对照组、单纯照射组和空载体联合照射组比较显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.001);凋亡和坏死的总细胞数均有上升趋势,除IL-24基因组外,与其他组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:IL-24基因联合电离辐射能够有效诱导人前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡。

熊果酸诱导前列腺癌细胞株PC-3凋亡的实验研究

目的:探讨熊果酸(Ursolic acid,UA)对人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3细胞周期、凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法:人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3以不同浓度的UA作用不同的时间后,分别使用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法(4 methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay,MTT),免疫组织化学SP法,流式细胞术(Flow cytometry,FCM),Western blot等实验方法检测PC-3细胞的增殖抑制情况,细胞周期和凋亡率的变化,以及细胞内bcl-2、bax2个重要的细胞凋亡相关基因和细胞凋亡相关特殊蛋白cox-2、caspase3表达的变化。结果:UA对PC-3细胞有增殖抑制作用,其作用随着药物浓度和作用时间的增加而增强。24、48h和72h3个时间段UA分别作用于PC-3细胞后的IC50分别为50.87、37.91μmol/L和27.86μmol/L;熊果酸作用后PC-3细胞周期的主要特点是大量细胞累积于G1期,进入S期的细胞减少。UA能够诱导PC-3细胞凋亡,经过24、48h和72h3个时间段UA浓度50μmol/L作用后,细胞凋亡率为6.21%、7.81%和13.31%;细胞内bcl-2和cox-2的表达随着药物浓度增加逐渐减少;bax和caspase3蛋白的表达随着药物浓度增加逐渐增加。结论:UA能够抑制PC-3细胞的增殖,并使细胞大量累积于G1期,进入S期的细胞减少。可能通过使bcl-2和cox-2的表达减少、bax和caspase3蛋白的表达增加来诱导细胞凋亡。

表皮生长因子对PC-3细胞内皮素-1及其受体mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨表皮生长因子(EGF)对激素非依赖性前列腺癌(HRPC)PC-3细胞中内皮素1(ET-1)及其受体mRNA表达的影响。方法:EGF作用不同时间(0、8、16、24、32、48h)后,RT-PCR法测定PC-3细胞中ET-1及其受体ETAR mRNA、ETBR mRNA表达;EGF干预24h后,RT-PCR法测定ET-1及其受体ETAR mRNA、ETBR mRNA表达变化。结果:在PC-3细胞中可检测到ET-1及ETAR mRNA表达,但无ETBR mRNA表达;EGF可上调ET-1及ETAR mRNA表达,与对照组比较,差异具有显著性;ET-1及ETAR mRNA表达随EGF干预时间增加而增加,EGF作用不同时间对PC-3细胞ET-1、ETAR mRNA表达的影响不同,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:EGF可上调PC-3细胞中ET-1及ETAR mRNA表达,为HRPC的治疗提供了分子生物学基础。

Cyclopamine对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖凋亡及Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9蛋白表达的影响

目的研究cyclopamine对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖和凋亡的作用及对Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9蛋白表达的影响,并探讨其机制。方法体外培养的PC-3细胞应用cyclopamine处理后,通过MTT测定细胞增殖抑制情况;电镜下观察肿瘤组织形态学变化;流式细胞仪检测凋亡率;Western印迹技术检测Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9蛋白的表达变化。结果MTT法结果显示4μmol/L,8μmol/L及12μmol/L浓度的cyclopamine对PC-3细胞增殖有显著抑制作用,与对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01),抑制效果都随着浓度的增大及时间的增加而增强。电镜下可观察到典型的凋亡细胞;流式细胞仪检测结果表明cyclopamine诱导PC-3细胞发生凋亡;Western印迹技术的结果:经培养72h后,随着药物浓度增大,Bcl-2蛋白表达呈逐渐减少,而Bax,有活性的caspase-9蛋白表达逐渐增多。结论Cyclopamine抑制PC-3细胞增殖,在一定剂量和时间范围内呈时间、浓度依赖关系,并可诱导其凋亡。Cyclopamine诱导PC-3细胞凋亡可能通过Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9介导。

葡萄汁对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨葡萄汁对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞生长抑制的作用及其机制。方法:白藜芦醇及不同浓度葡萄汁作用于人前列腺癌PC-3细胞48h;采用生长曲线及噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测葡萄汁、白藜芦醇对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞的生长抑制作用,通过原位(缺口)末端标记法(TUNEL)观察凋亡细胞的形态结构变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡峰。结果:葡萄汁、白藜芦醇能显著抑制人前列腺癌PC-3细胞生长;TUNEL方法检测呈阳性;流式细胞仪分析图上出现典型的凋亡细胞峰。以上各指标中,葡萄汁随着浓度增大作用加强;低剂量组的作用比白藜芦醇组差,中、高剂量组的白藜芦醇浓度低,但作用比白藜芦醇组强。结论:葡萄汁对抗人前列腺癌PC-3细胞的作用,除白藜芦醇外,可能还存在其他抗癌成分的作用。葡萄汁、白藜芦醇对PC-3细胞生长抑制作用的机制可能与其诱导人前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡有关。