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Self Fault-Tolerance of Protocols: A Case Study
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作者 Li, Layuan Li, Chunlin 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2000年第3期28-34,共7页
The prerequisite for the existing protocols' correctness is that protocols can be normally operated under the normal conditions, rather than dealing with abnormal conditions. In other words, protocols with the fau... The prerequisite for the existing protocols' correctness is that protocols can be normally operated under the normal conditions, rather than dealing with abnormal conditions. In other words, protocols with the fault-tolerance can not be provided when some fault occurs. This paper discusses the self fault-tolerance of protocols. It describes some concepts and methods for achieving self fault-tolerance of protocols. Meanwhile, it provides a case study, investigates a typical protocol that does not satisfy the self fault-tolerance, and gives a new redesign version of this existing protocol using the proposed approach. 展开更多
关键词 protocols Self fault-tolerance Formal method Multimedia communications protocol engineering.
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A Hybrid Formal Description Method Based on FSM,CSP and ADT for Communication Protocol
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作者 Li Layman(Wuhan Transportation Universityl 430063, P. R. China) 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 1998年第3期29-38,共10页
Since communication protocol deals with complex issues related to distribution such as communication, concurrency and synchronization, their development needs to be traced by using sophisticated formal description met... Since communication protocol deals with complex issues related to distribution such as communication, concurrency and synchronization, their development needs to be traced by using sophisticated formal description methods. This paper presents a new hybrid formal method for communication protocol specification. In this method, finite state machine (FSM), communication sequential process (CSP) and abstract data type (ADT) are mixed and the best features of these approaches are offered. In this paper, the main formal description techniques (FDT) for protocol engineering are brieny introduced and a hybrid formal description method based on the FSM, CSP and ADT for communication protocol is described. Finally, this paper presents the formal specification of an example protocol for LAN by using the proposed hybrid formal method. The results of studies show that the hybrid formal description method for communication protocol is an available and effective approach. 展开更多
关键词 Communication protocol Formal description techniques protocol engineering Hybrid formal method
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Unsupervised Binary Protocol Clustering Based on Maximum Sequential Patterns 被引量:2
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作者 Jiaxin Shi Lin Ye +1 位作者 Zhongwei Li Dongyang Zhan 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2022年第1期483-498,共16页
With the rapid development of the Internet,a large number of private protocols emerge on the network.However,some of them are constructed by attackers to avoid being analyzed,posing a threat to computer network securi... With the rapid development of the Internet,a large number of private protocols emerge on the network.However,some of them are constructed by attackers to avoid being analyzed,posing a threat to computer network security.The blockchain uses the P2P protocol to implement various functions across the network.Furthermore,the P2P protocol format of blockchain may differ from the standard format specification,which leads to sniffing tools such as Wireshark and Fiddler not being able to recognize them.Therefore,the ability to distinguish different types of unknown network protocols is vital for network security.In this paper,we propose an unsupervised clustering algorithm based on maximum frequent sequences for binary protocols,which can distinguish various unknown protocols to provide support for analyzing unknown protocol formats.We mine the maximum frequent sequences of protocolmessage sets in bytes.Andwe calculate the fuzzymembership of the protocolmessage to each maximum frequent sequence,which is based on fuzzy set theory.Then we construct the fuzzy membership vector for each protocol message.Finally,we adopt K-means++to split different types of protocol messages into several clusters and evaluate the performance by calculating homogeneity,integrity,and Fowlkes and Mallows Index(FMI).Besides,the clustering algorithms based onNeedleman–Wunsch and the fixed-length prefix are compared with the algorithm presented in this paper.Compared with these traditional clustering methods,we demonstrate a certain improvement in the clustering performance of our work. 展开更多
关键词 Binary protocol blockchain maximum frequent sequence protocol message clustering protocol reverse engineering
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EDSM-Based Binary Protocol State Machine Reversing
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作者 Shen Wang Fanghui Sun +3 位作者 Hongli Zhang Dongyang Zhan Shuang Li Jun Wang 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2021年第12期3711-3725,共15页
Internet communication protocols define the behavior rules of network components when they communicate with each other.With the continuous development of network technologies,many private or unknown network protocols ... Internet communication protocols define the behavior rules of network components when they communicate with each other.With the continuous development of network technologies,many private or unknown network protocols are emerging in endlessly various network environments.Herein,relevant protocol specifications become difficult or unavailable to translate in many situations such as network security management and intrusion detection.Although protocol reverse engineering is being investigated in recent years to perform reverse analysis on the specifications of unknown protocols,most existing methods have proven to be time-consuming with limited efficiency,especially when applied on unknown protocol state machines.This paper proposes a state merging algorithm based on EDSM(Evidence-Driven State Merging)to infer the transition rules of unknown protocols in form of state machines with high efficiency.Compared with another classical state machine inferring method based on Exbar algorithm,the experiment results demonstrate that our proposed method could run faster,especially when dealing with massive training data sets.In addition,this method can also make the state machines have higher similarities with the reference state machines constructed from public specifications. 展开更多
关键词 Network security protocol state machine EDSM algorithm protocol reverse engineering protocol analyzing
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Automatic protocol reverse engineering for industrial control systems with dynamic taint analysis 被引量:4
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作者 Rongkuan MA Hao ZHENG +3 位作者 Jingyi WANG Mufeng WANG Qiang WEI Qingxian WANG 《Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2022年第3期351-360,共10页
Proprietary(or semi-proprietary)protocols are widely adopted in industrial control systems(ICSs).Inferring protocol format by reverse engineering is important for many network security applications,e.g.,program tests ... Proprietary(or semi-proprietary)protocols are widely adopted in industrial control systems(ICSs).Inferring protocol format by reverse engineering is important for many network security applications,e.g.,program tests and intrusion detection.Conventional protocol reverse engineering methods have been proposed which are considered time-consuming,tedious,and error-prone.Recently,automatical protocol reverse engineering methods have been proposed which are,however,neither effective in handling binary-based ICS protocols based on network traffic analysis nor accurate in extracting protocol fields from protocol implementations.In this paper,we present a framework called the industrial control system protocol reverse engineering framework(ICSPRF)that aims to extract ICS protocol fields with high accuracy.ICSPRF is based on the key insight that an individual field in a message is typically handled in the same execution context,e.g.,basic block(BBL)group.As a result,by monitoring program execution,we can collect the tainted data information processed in every BBL group in the execution trace and cluster it to derive the protocol format.We evaluate our approach with six open-source ICS protocol implementations.The results show that ICSPRF can identify individual protocol fields with high accuracy(on average a 94.3%match ratio).ICSPRF also has a low coarse-grained and overly fine-grained match ratio.For the same metric,ICSPRF is more accurate than AutoFormat(88.5%for all evaluated protocols and 80.0%for binary-based protocols). 展开更多
关键词 Industrial control system(ICS) ICS protocol reverse engineering Dynamic taint analysis protocol format
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A Semantics-Based Approachfor Achieving Self Fault-Tolerance of Protocols
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作者 李腊元 李春林 《Journal of Computer Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2000年第2期176-183,共8页
The cooperation of different processes may be lost by mistake when a protocol is executed. The protocol cannot be normally operated under this condition. In this paper,the self fault-tolerance of protocols is discuss... The cooperation of different processes may be lost by mistake when a protocol is executed. The protocol cannot be normally operated under this condition. In this paper,the self fault-tolerance of protocols is discussed, and a semanticsbased approach for achieving self fault-tolerance of protocols is presented. Some main characteristics of self fault-tolerance of protocols concerning liveness, nontermination and infinity are also presented. Meanwhile, the sufficient and necessary conditions for achieving self fault-tolerance of protocols are given. Finally, a typical protocol that does not satisfy the self fault-tolerance is investigated, and a new redesign version of this existing protocol using the proposed approach is given. 展开更多
关键词 protocols self fault-tolerance formal method multimedia communications protocol engineering S-T protocol SEMANTICS
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Generating Conformance Tests for Nondeterministic Protocol Machines
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作者 罗钢 《Journal of Computer Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 1994年第4期289-301,共13页
We present a method of generating test cases from the software specifications which are modeled by nondeterministic finite state machines. It is applicable to both nondeterministic and deterministic finite state mach... We present a method of generating test cases from the software specifications which are modeled by nondeterministic finite state machines. It is applicable to both nondeterministic and deterministic finite state machines. When applied to deterministic machines, this method yields usually smaller test suites with full fault coverage than the existing methods that also assure full fault coverage. In particular, the proposed mehod can be used to test the control portion of software specified in the formalspecification languages SDL or ESTELLE. 展开更多
关键词 Automata theory ESTELLE finite state machines nondeterministic finite state machines protocol conformance testing protocol engineering SDL and software testing
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