Public Key Cryptography Based on Ergodic Matrices over Finite Field

A new public key encryption scheme is proposed in this paper, which is based on a hard problem over ergodic matrices. The security of this scheme is equal to the MQ-problem： multivariate quadratic equations over finite fields. This problem has been shown to be NP-complete and can＇t be solved with polynomial time algorithm.

A New Fast Modular Arithmetic Method in Public Key Cryptography

Modular arithmetic is a fundamental operation and plays an important role in public key cryptosystem. A new method and its theory evidence on the basis of modular arithmetic with large integer modulus-changeable modulus algorithm is proposed to improve the speed of the modular arithmetic in the presented paper. For changeable modulus algorithm, when modular computation of modulo n is difficult, it can be realized by computation of modulo n-1 and n-2 on the perquisite of easy modular computations of modulo n-1 and modulo n-2. The conclusion is that the new method is better than the direct method by computing the modular arithmetic operation with large modulus. Especially, when computations of modulo n-1 and modulo n-2 are easy and computation of modulo n is difficult, this new method will be faster and has more advantages than other algorithms on modular arithmetic. Lastly, it is suggested that the proposed method be applied in public key cryptography based on modular multiplication and modular exponentiation with large integer modulus effectively

How to Integrate Abstract Algebra and Number Theory in the Teaching of Public Key Cryptography Elegantly

Different from traditional symmetric cryptography, public key cryptography allows each user to own a pair of public/private key pair. Given the public key of one user and the data to be encrypted, a ciphertext can be generated such that only the intended user is able to recover the data using his/her private key associated with public key involved in the encryption process. To really understand the philosophy behind the public key cryptography is not an easy task and sometimes it seems somewhat difficult, if not impossible, for the beginners without the knowledge of the abstract algebra and number theory. In this paper, we introduce briefly the basic definition of public key cryptography as well as the corresponding mathematical hard problems. Besides, we explain why the mathematical backgrounds, especially abstract algebra and number theory, matter in the study of public key cryptography.

A New Proxy Signature Scheme with Message Recovery Using Self-Certified Public Key

A proxy signature scheme with message recovery using self-certified public key is proposed, which withstands public key substitution attacks, active attacks, and forgery attacks. The proposed scheme accomplishes the tasks of public key verification, proxy signature verification, and message recovery in a logically single step. In addition, the proposed scheme satisfies all properties of strong proxy signature and does not use secure channel in the communication between the original signer and the proxy signature signer.

NTRU_SSS:Anew Method Signcryption Post Quantum Cryptography Based on Shamir’s Secret Sharing

With the advent of quantum computing,numerous efforts have been made to standardize post-quantum cryptosystems with the intention of(eventually)replacing Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC)and Rivets-Shamir-Adelman(RSA).A modified version of the traditional N-Th Degree Truncated Polynomial Ring(NTRU)cryptosystem called NTRU Prime has been developed to reduce the attack surface.In this paper,the Signcryption scheme was proposed,and it is most efficient than others since it reduces the complexity and runs the time of the code execution,and at the same time,provides a better security degree since it ensures the integrity of the sent message,confidentiality of the data,forward secrecy when using refreshed parameters for each session.Unforgeability to prevent the man-in-the-middle attack from being active or passive,and non-repudiation when the sender can’t deny the recently sent message.This study aims to create a novel NTRU cryptography algorithm system that takes advantage of the security features of curve fitting operations and the valuable characteristics of chaotic systems.The proposed algorithm combines the(NTRU Prime)and Shamir’s Secret Sharing(SSS)features to improve the security of the NTRU encryption and key generation stages that rely on robust polynomial generation.Based on experimental results and a comparison of the time required for crucial exchange between NTRU-SSS and the original NTRU,this study shows a rise in complexity with a decrease in execution time in the case when compared to the original NTRU.It’s encouraging to see signs that the suggested changes to the NTRU work to increase accuracy and efficiency.

Applying Evolutionary Algorithm to Public Key Cryptosystems

A best algorithm generated scheme is proposed in the paper by making use of the thought of evolutionary algorithm, which can generate dynamically the best algorithm of generating primes in RSA cryptography under different conditions. Taking into account the factors of time, space and security integrated, this scheme possessed strong practicability. The paper also proposed a model of multi-degree parallel evolutionary algorithm to evaluate synthetically the efficiency and security of the public key cryptography. The model contributes to designing public key cryptography system too.

基于PKCS的数据安全框架及支持库设计

提出了一个基于 PKCS( Public Key Cryptography Standards)的数据安全框架 .该框架的最底层是输入、输出与编码模块 ,它主要实现了 BER( Basic Encoding Rule) /DER( Distinguish En-coding Rule)、Base64等编码与解码 ,以及与多种存储点之间的输入与输出 .此模块中使用流模块结构实现一次性处理 .PKCS所涉及的算法基础类库是整个框架的核心 ,其上是 X.50 9证书服务模块与 PKCS#7、PKCS#1 2数据保护模块 .框架中的个人安全环境管理模块主要用于维护用户口令、私钥和证书等信息 .文中提出的

基于USB Key的J2EE双因素认证系统

分析单一认证的弱安全性,结合智能卡PKCS11标准和J2EE组件技术,设计并实现基于用户口令(PIN)认证和硬件USBKey数字证书身份认证的双重因素认证系统。在此设计模型基础上,重点描述双因素认证系统的安全认证协议、J2EE应用中实现过程、关键签名、认证算法。应用结果显示,在性能相近的基础上,安全性较高。

Efficient Certificateless Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol from Pairings

In the area of secure Web information system, mutual authentication and key agreement are essential between Web clients and servers. An efficient certificateless authenticated key agreement protocol for Web client/server setting is proposed, which uses pairings on certain elliptic curves. We show that the newly proposed key agreement protocol is practical and of great efficiency, meanwhile, it satisfies every desired security require ments for key agreement protocols.

Provable Efficient Certificateless Group Key Exchange Protocol

Certificateless public key cryptography （CL-PKC） avoids the inherent escrow of identity-based cryptography and does not require certificates to guarantee the authenticity of public keys. Based on CL-PKC, we present an efficient constant-round group key exchange protocol, which is provably secure under the intractability of computation Diffie-Hellman problem. Our protocol is a contributory key exchange with perfect forward secrecy and has only two communication rounds. So it is more efficient than other protocols. Moreover, our protocol provides a method to design efficient constant-round group key exchange protocols and most secret sharing schemes could be adopted to construct our protocol.

Hash Function Based Keyword Searchable Encryption Framework in Cloud Server Using MD5 and MECC

Cloud Computing expands its usability to various fields that utilize data and store it in a common space that is required for computing and the purpose of analysis as like the IoT devices.These devices utilize the cloud for storing and retrieving data since the devices are not capable of storing processing data on its own.Cloud Computing provides various services to the users like the IaaS,PaaS and SaaS.The major drawback that is faced by cloud computing include the Utilization of Cloud services for the storage of data that could be accessed by all the users related to cloud.The use of Public Key Encryptions with keyword search(PEKS)provides security against the untrustworthy third-party search capability on publicly encryption keys without revealing the data’s contents.But the Security concerns of PEKs arise when Inside Keywords Guessing attacks(IKGA),is identified in the system due to the untrusted server presume the keyword in trapdoor.This issue could be solved by using various algorithms like the Certificateless Hashed Public Key Authenticated Encryption with Keyword Search(CL-HPAEKS)which utilizes the Modified Elliptic Curve Cryptography(MECC)along with the Mutation Centred flower pollinations algorithm(CM-FPA)that is used in enhancing the performance of the algorithm using the Optimization in keys.The additional use of Message Digests 5(MD5)hash function in the system enhances the security Level that is associated with the system.The system that is proposed achieves the security level performance of 96 percent and the effort consumed by the algorithm is less compared to the other encryption techniques.

新的无证书代理盲签名方案

无证书公钥密码学既不存在传统的公钥密码系统的证书管理耗费,也不存在基于身份的密码系统中的密钥托管问题,安全且高效。研究了代理盲签名方案的构造和应用,发现现有的无证书代理盲签名方案较少,而在无证书密码系统中研究代理盲签名会更容易满足其在电子投票、电子银行等应用领域中对安全性和高效性的要求。基于双线性对知识和离散对数困难问题,提出了一种无证书代理盲签名方案,该方案满足盲性、不可伪造性、可鉴别性、不可否认性等性质。

一种可撤销匿名性的环签名方案

环签名提供了匿名发布信息的有效方法,现有环签名方案存在不可追踪签名者真实身份的问题。基于身份密码体制和双线性对技术,提出了一种环签名方案,方案除了满足无条件匿名性和不可伪造性,还满足可撤销匿名性,必要时由PKG(Private Key Generator)充当仲裁验证者,达到定位真实签名者的目的。

标准模型下可证安全的有效无证书签密方案

目前大多数无证书签密方案都是在随机预言模型下提出的,针对随机预言模型下的方案往往无法在实际应用中构造相应实例这一问题,采用标准模型的方法来进行构造。在对几个已有标准模型下相应方案分析的基础上,指出它们都是不安全的。以Au等所提出的方案(AU M H,LIU J K,YUEN T H,et al.Practical hierarchical identity based encryption and signature schemes without random oracles.http://eprint.iacr.org/2006/368.pdf)为基础,利用椭圆曲线上的双线性对性质,提出了一个新的标准模型下可证安全的无证书签密方案。最后,利用决策双线性Diffie-Hellman(DBDH)等困难问题,证明该方案满足适应性选择密文攻击下的不可区分性以及适应性选择消息和身份攻击下的存在不可伪造性,因而方案是安全可靠的。

基于无证书密钥协商的Kerberos改进协议

Kerberos认证协议容易遭受口令攻击和重放攻击,且需要2次双线性对运算、2次指数运算和1次椭圆曲线上的点乘运算,计算量大。为此,利用高效的无证书密钥协商对Kerberos协议进行改进。用户与认证服务器之间通过使用无证书签密技术抵抗伪造攻击。分析结果证明,改进协议符合密钥协商的6个基本安全要求,满足已知密钥安全性、完美前向安全性、抗未知密钥共享安全性、密钥不可控性、已知会话临时信息安全性,能抵抗口令攻击、重放攻击、中间人攻击及密钥泄漏伪装攻击,并且仅需3次点乘运算,具有较高的效率。

高效的基于证书强指定验证者签名方案

针对基于身份公钥密码系统下的强指定验证者签名中的第三方完全可信问题及已有签名方案效率不高的问题,利用基于证书密码系统中证书认证机构(CA)的信任级别低的优点,提出了一个新的强指定验证者签名方案。在随机预言模型下基于双线性Diffie-Hellman(BDH)问题假设给出了形式化的安全性分析。通过性能分析可看出:该方案能满足强指定验证者签名方案的所有性质,且签名长度仅为群中一个元素,具有较高的通信效率,适用于带宽受限的环境。

一种高效的P2PSIP认证与密钥协商机制

针对P2PSIP分布式无中心的特点,提出一种基于无证书公钥密码技术的认证与密钥协商机制,并对其正确性、安全性和性能进行了分析讨论。该方案满足普遍认可的密钥协商安全需求,而且没有使用双线性对运算,能有效降低节点的计算开销。与已有方案相比,该方案在保持较高安全性的同时具有更高的运行效率。

基于McEliece公钥密码体制的盲签名算法

为实现数据的匿名性保护,提出一种基于McEliece公钥密码体制的盲签名算法。分别利用哈希技术和盲化因子对消息进行不可逆和盲化处理,通过McEliece公钥密码体制的加密算法完成签名,使用消息接收者去除盲化因子实现去盲操作,从而得到原始消息的签名。分析结果表明,该算法能保证隐私消息不会泄露,签名所用时间少于基于RSA体制的代理签名算法,并能抵抗量子计算机的攻击,安全性较好。

传感器节点相互协作的广播认证

针对无线传感器网络(WSN)中基于数字签名的公钥加密体制的广播认证需要耗费大量的能量,以及传感器节点资源有限的问题,为了减少传感器节点的能量耗费和加快传感器节点的认证,提出一种传感器节点相互协作的广播认证方案。首先,用户向无线传感器网络的组网络广播其签名信息,但不广播签名信息中点的纵坐标;然后,组网络中的高能量节点依据点的横坐标和椭圆曲线方程计算得出纵坐标,并将其广播给组内的一般节点,同时利用v BNN-IBS数字签名对用户广播的签名信息进行认证,并转播有效的签名信息;最后,组网络内的一般节点收到纵坐标后,利用椭圆曲线方程验证其有效性和正确性,同时执行和高能节点相同的签名认证过程,并转播有效的签名信息。此外,该方案通过整合立即撤销和自动撤销以最大限度地减小授权撤销列表(ARL)的长度。仿真实验表明,当认证节点收到来自邻居节点的数据包达到一定数目时,该方案的能量耗费和认证总时间比利用WSN中传感器节点间的相互协作来加速v BNN-IBS的签名方案分别减少了41%和66%。

基于身份的椭圆曲线密码体制安全组播方案

提出一个应用椭圆曲线密码体制进行密钥协商而在基于身份的公钥密码系统内进行组通信的全新安全组播方案,分析子组成员的密钥协商和子组间的通信过程,以及组成员动态变化时密钥的更新过程。结果表明,该方案在降低计算和通信代价方面可取得较好的效果,且满足密钥协商的安全要求。