Interaction of activity involvement and recreational location selection behavior in Lowland City:A case study of public parks in Saga City,Japan

Public parks provide many benefits to the community as the representatives of green area. The allocation of public places plays an extremely important role in the daily lives of inhabitants especially for recreational use that could enhance the quality of life of residents in the vicinity. To understand park users’ behavior is one of the most important prerequisites for as-sessing the participation in public service from the park users’ point of view. The pattern of park utilization on location and activity selection are important elements in behavioral study, while the public parks topograph may also influence the typical user’s be-havior. Questionnaire survey on park utilization was used to investigate the interaction between activity involvement and recrea-tional location with the use of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model. The study found that public park users’ behavior is influenced not only by social characteristics but also by the recreational activities and their specific location characteristics. We found that about 45 percent of park visitors are local residents living within a radius of 3 km preferred travel to parks near their residential area. This implies that location selection behavior is correlated with travel distance, travel time and travel cost. Visit frequencies and on site expenditures reflect the recreation behavior for different type of activities. The overall information can be usefully applied by decision makers to launch appropriate public policy in consistence with the useful results of this study.

Microbial Quality of Irrigation Water of Public Parks in Dubai, United Arab Emirates

In this study, the microbial quality of treated wastewater used for irrigation of three public parks in Dubai was evaluated. A total of 23 samples of TWW （treated wastewater） and 12 samples of irrigated soils from three public parks were collected and tested for Legionella, Salmonella, traditional bacterial indicators, Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cysts using membrane filtration and direct immune-fluorescence assay. The majority of the tested water samples were found contaminated with LLO （Legionella like organisms）, Salmonella and traditional bacterial indicators. Both Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts were detected in these samples with a higher occurrence ofCryptosporidium oocysts （96%） than Giardia cysts （35%）. The fecal coliform bacteria were detected in 60.8% of water samples and 58% of soil samples. Total coliform bacteria were detected in most of the water and soil samples with a higher occurrence than the fecal coliform bacteria. The results of this study indicate that microorganisms are surviving the chlorination method used for disinfecting wastewater, and are further multiplying in the public parks irrigation network system. Therefore, monitoring the treated wastewater for bacterial pathogens, protozoan parasites and controlling their growth at the point of end use are vital to reducing the risk of environmental contamination with microbial pathogens.

Planning of Public Parking Lots in Xiajiang County

In order to solve the contradiction between the rapid growth of urban motor vehicles and the lack of road traffic resources to fundamentally improve the problem of "difficult driving and difficult parking", it is necessary to carry out scientific planning and design of urban parking lots. The study analyzed the main problems of urban parking, discussed the planning principles and countermeasures of parking lot planning, and briefly introduced the practical experience of the special parking lot planning of the central urban area in Xiajiang County, Ji’an City, Jiangxi Province. It is hoped that through parking lot planning, the contradiction between supply and demand of urban parking can be effectively alleviated and the urban traffic environment can be improved.

Survey and Countermeasures on the Public Facilities in Urban Parks——with Urban Parks in Nanjing City as Study Cases

Urban park is an important outdoor leisure space for urban citizens. The public facility in urban park is a functional environmental element connecting human beings and environment. Through analyzing the present situation and application of public facilities in urban parks of Nanjing City, the existing problems and countermeasures were pointed out, in order to provide theoretical references for the construction of public facility in the urban parks.

A Pragmatic Analysis of Public Signs in Chinese-English Translation——Based on the Example of Shaoguan National Forest Park

With the rapid development of economy and close international exchanges, the English translation of public signs is in-creasingly important and cannot be ignored. This paper takes Shaoguan National Forest Park as an example to analyze its publicsigns translation and points out some pragmatic failures from two aspects:pragmatic language failures and social pragmatic failures.Also, the paper puts forward some suggestions based on the translation error analysis.

An Empirical Research on Satisfaction of Tourism Public Service in National Forest Park

In recent years,leisure individual travel has become a trend of tourism development.Visitors are highly dependent on the public service system of scenic spots.The educational circles at home and abroad are paying more and more attention to the study of tourism public services.Based on the theory of tourist satisfaction evaluation,this paper made an empirical study on the tourism public service system of Kunyu Mountain National Forest Park.It was found that there was a contradiction between the demand for tourism public services and the actual supply in Kunyu Mountain National Forest Park.Based on this,some measures were put forward,such as strengthening the construction of tourist information signs in scenic spots,strengthening the construction of communication facilities and convenient services for tourists,strengthening the training and supervision of service practitioners,and construction of organizations for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of tourists.

Research on the Planning and Management of National Parks: Based on the Public Engagement Mechanism

National Parks not only undertake the basic functions of protecting natural ecological environment, but also play a variety of functions such as the cultivation, scientific research, environmental education, natural recreation, etc. China’s National Park career entered a new chapter after the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. It is urgent to make specific and operable research as a reference in practice. This paper takes the national parks of the US as the research object to analyze the specific methods and planning process based on the public engagement mechanism, thus improve the planning and management of national parks in China.

Research of Urban Park Evaluation

A review of the history of Chinese gardens beginning in the Shang Dynasty reveals that parks have become increasingly important to urban residents' lives; and hence, this paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the suitability of parks. The analysis shows that suitability evaluations of urban parks should not be restricted to a park's basic functions, but should include a comprehensive evaluation of ecological value, cultural inheritance and feature construction. After describing the current literature of research on indices, categories, use conditions and landscape accessibility of domestic and foreign urban parks, the paper concludes with a framework for evaluating a park's suitability, i.e. the establishment of an integrated evaluation system, the selection of reasonable evaluation methods, and public participation as an indicator in the evaluation system, so as to ensure the validity of research results.

Appreciation of Landscape Architecture in Chicago Millennium Park

Chicago Millennium Park is a place where "post-modern architecture" concentrates, Cloud Gate, Crown Fountain and Jay Pritzker Music Pavilion are three representative post-modern architectures in the park. Millennium Park is an urban public space of Chicago City, its design concepts such as resource sharing and adaptation to local conditions are worth learning.

全民健身理念下城市小微空间营造策略研究——以武汉市洪山区微型公共空间规划设计为例

随着城市发展由增量转存量优化,借助城市碎片空间打造非正式的体育场所,有望为我国人均体育面积不足问题提供可行的解决方案。在武汉运动型口袋公园中,存在着使用者实际需求与空间布局不协调、器材和空间利用效率低下、场地健身氛围欠缺等多重现实问题。此外,针对小微空间的差异化营造研究还有待加强。该文基于武汉洪山区某地块的设计实践,提出由体育项目为主导转变为由人体活动为主导的设计思维,从用户画像—运动项目空间改进、弹性使用—提升空间可供性、增权赋能—运动空间再生产三个方面的改造设计策略,为全民健身背景下的城市更新提供参考。

遗产视角下上海城市历史公园保护管理方法研究

城市历史公园作为历史记忆与年代信息的载体,现亦作为城市公共空间,兼具公众服务功能。然而在更新改造过程中,城市历史公园常面临着遗产特性消失、公众感知降低等问题,难以平衡保护与发展的需求。随着新时代城市建设的转型,城市历史公园的保护管理工作亟须转向遗产保护视角。通过访谈上海城市历史公园管理人员并进行质性分析可知,当前城市历史公园的保护管理工作围绕着“动态监测、修复维护、景观优化、文化建设”四项核心内容,存在信息资料保存不善、管理制度规范不明、修缮技术支撑不够和历史价值宣传不足等主要问题。随着视角转变,城市历史公园的保护管理应更加注重保护与管理的动态过程和循环的全周期性,从“遗产调查、动态监测、评估分析、实施处置、遗产解说”五个环节建立起全过程保护管理工作框架。

An Appraisal of Water Availability, Infrastructures for Faecal Disposal and the Potential of Spread of Infectious Diseases in the Traveling Agencies and Motor Parks in the City of Yaounde (Cameroon)

The number of interurban and urban-rural travelers in the city of Yaounde has recently exceeded one hundred thousand per year, yet surprisingly few studies have assessed travelers’ behavior, illness, and risk factors in a sanitary risks setting. Particularly scarce are surveys of data spanning travel, return, and follow-up of the same cohort in traveling agencies and parks. This study examines behavior and illness among travelers moving from Yaounde to other urban and rural areas of Cameroon and beyond. Patterns of behavior connected to a type of travel and illness are characterized in this study so as to identify risks factors and provide background data for pre-travel advice in our traveling agencies. Assessing the susceptibility that imported cases could pose to the national response to infectious diseases depends both on public health, health services and infrastructures. The six agencies assessed: Nvan, Mokolo, Tongolo, Biyem Assi, Mimbowman and Etoudi reveal that the sanitary infrastructures for faecal and urinary disposal are not sufficient and more so, some agencies do not keep enough cleanliness, let alone provide adequate hand washing material as prescribed by national and international concerns to combat the global health challenges. This could be an impediment to travellers going out or inside of the city, and could be a preponderant mechanism for the spread of infectious disease as presented by the infectious diseases isolated and identified in the health districts around the travelling agencies.

美国城市历史公园保护更新中的公众参与研究——以纽约展望公园为例

城市历史公园具有历史价值和当代价值共存的突出特点。美国城市历史公园的保护更新实践表明,公众参与有助于充分发挥其历史文化价值与公共服务职能、促进公园的特色传承与可持续发展。但国内目前仍缺乏公众参与城市历史公园保护更新的经验。梳理美国各层级公园体系中的公众参与模式与特征,以纽约展望公园为例,阐述城市/郡一级公园全面、系统的公众参与历程与措施,围绕管理组织、参与方式、资金筹措、教育科普4个方面进行经验总结。针对国内在城市历史公园管理中面临的制度渠道不完善、多方利益难协调、公众参与意识淡薄、资金人手短缺等问题,提出构建多元化运营模式、健全制度保障与反馈机制、强化文化服务价值三项措施激励广泛、有效的公众参与,旨在为中国城市历史公园的保护更新实践提供参考借鉴。

重大公共卫生事件驱动下国外城市公园绿地需求变化启示

根据多个国家和地区调查研究结果,在以全球性新冠疫情大流行为标志的突发公共卫生事件冲击下,国内外学者普遍认识到城市公园绿地的使用需求向“生活必需品”方向转化的客观事实;同时还发现,具有出色服务模式、社区凝聚力以及健康作用和公平可达等优势的城市公园绿地在新冠疫情期间呈现出城市“重要生命线”的独特属性。在此基础上,总结出以上新价值的认识对未来城市公园绿地规划设计产生的影响:1)服务向下游覆盖,关注点从使用权向邻近性转移,公园绿地供给和分配的公平性要求凸显;2)注重人均面积向关注可获得性转变,尤其是作为健康服务功能和生活必备资源的可获得性及可达性受到重视;3)重视公园绿地的社会性作用,其社会韧性和协同作用在重大突发公共卫生事件中受到广泛关注。最后,针对我国未来城市公园绿地建设提出几点启示,即以社区为单位完善城市公园绿地体系、注重增强独立社区内部公园绿地空间的开放与融合性、注重发掘并弘扬我国人居空间环境的社会协同性作用。

国家公园财政资金保障:经验、问题与对策

自2021年第一批国家公园设立以来,以财政投入为主体的多元化资金保障机制的基本框架得以逐步确立。研究在总结国家公园资金保障机制建设经验基础上,梳理了目前资金机制存在的问题,包括预算管理体制不完善、跨省和跨部门资金缺乏统筹和协调、财政支出管理水平有待提高等。继而进一步提出了完善财政投入体制机制的建议,包括做好财政资金的中长期规划,完善中央和地方财政事权划分,统一规范国家公园预算管理体制,明确跨省国家公园资金协调机制,确定财政重点支出方向,在“规划-项目-资金”的顶层设计下做好资金统筹规划和政策供给等。

公物法视域下国家文化公园的法治化运行

建设国家文化公园是当前我国文化建设中的重要工作,也是丰富公民文化生活,提升公民文化权利保障程度的关键一环。国家文化公园在建设过程中遇到定位不清、主体不明确、运行规则不健全等难题,集中表现为法治理论资源供给不充分。公物制度作为行政组织法的重要制度内容,与国家文化公园在公益性、国家性和复合性三个层面具有内在共通性,同时能够克服国家文化公园建设中的主体地位不清、基本属性不明确、管理体制不健全等诸多难题。公物制度的先天优势为国家文化公园建设主体与管理体制的厘定提供依据,明确国家文化公园的建设程序和治理模式,同时为国家文化公园的运行理念、运行方式、运行界限、纠纷解决方式等运行规则的建构提供理论支撑。

基于问卷调查的黄河国家文化公园文化价值(陕西段)认知研究

目的:研究公众对黄河国家文化公园及其文化价值的认知现状对其规划和建设具有重要意义。方法:选取“黄河国家文化公园(陕西段)重点建设项目”中陕西历史博物馆、秦始皇兵马俑博物馆、壶口瀑布和黄帝陵为调研地点,通过问卷调查的方式获取数据,并分析公众对黄河国家文化公园及其历史、教育、艺术、政治、社会、精神共6个层面的文化价值认知情况。结果:公众对黄河国家文化公园的认知度较低,对黄河国家文化公园文化价值的整体认知度较高,其中物质价值、教育价值和艺术价值的认知处于中等水平,而政治价值、社会价值及精神价值的认知处于中等偏上水平。结论:为提高公众对黄河国家文化公园及其文化价值的认知水平,在黄河国家文化公园的规划和建设中应注重保护黄河文化相关遗产,强化历史价值的塑造,加强宣传与教育,设计多样化教育活动,加强政治价值的宣传,拓展社会价值的影响及开发黄河文创产品,强化精神价值的传承。

中国国家公园生态旅游定位与发展路径

国家公园是我国生态文明建设的重要载体,生态旅游则通过较小范围的适度利用实现国家公园大范围的有效保护,是协调生态保护与公众利用的有效方式。研究阐释了生态旅游是国家公园的功能之一,是国家公园提供公共服务的最佳模式,也是国家公园生态文明建设的重要展示方式。分析了发展生态旅游对于国家公园落实生态文明建设理念、体现全民公益性、统筹保护与发展和推进经济社会绿色低碳发展等方面具有的重要意义。面对保护与发展的冲突、多元需求与供给的矛盾、空间管控的限制等诸多挑战,提出了中国国家公园生态旅游的发展路径,包括调查评价国家公园本底、科学确定活动范围、建立生态旅游活动正负面清单、构建生态兼容型公共服务体系、开展生态体验和自然教育、强化资源环境容量的底线约束、推动良性互动的社区参与、加强科技人才支撑与运营创新等,以期为国家公园生态旅游的高质量发展提供理论依据和实践参考。

基于大语言模型和社交媒体数据的城市公园公众活动丰富度测度——以上海为例

【目的】基于社交媒体数据的公园研究已成为热点。然而,既有研究依赖单模态数据和自然语言处理(natural language processing,NLP)技术,研究结果的精确度有待提升。随着大语言模型(large language models,LLM)的发展,分析社交媒体数据可实现更精确的城市公园公众活动丰富度解析。【方法】先利用LLM解析包含文本、图像和视频的多模态社交媒体数据,再运用聚类算法探究用户的情感倾向和活动丰富度,生成活动热力图,构建公园公众活动丰富度的量化方法。【结果】以传统问卷方法为参照标准,对比分析发现基于多模态数据的LLM分析法的准确性远优于单模态数据分析法,证实了研究方法的有效性。并将LLM分析法应用于上海外环内的20个城市公园,构建出大规模、高精度的公园公众活动丰富度的全景测度方法。【结论】创新性地利用LLM和多模态社交媒体数据分析城市公园公众活动丰富度,有利于推动人工智能在城市研究领域的学术发展和应用。