This study used 40-year-old Pyrus bretschneideri cv. Dangshan Su pear trees in Dangshan County, Anhui Province as experimental materials. Four positions at the crown of the pear tree with different light intensity wer...This study used 40-year-old Pyrus bretschneideri cv. Dangshan Su pear trees in Dangshan County, Anhui Province as experimental materials. Four positions at the crown of the pear tree with different light intensity were observed, including the south exterior and interior and the north exterior and interior of the middle crown. The ZD-ZA illumination meter was adopted to measure the light intensity, the anthracene ketone method to survey the soluble sugar, the standard acid-soda to measure the organic acid, and the 2,6-dichloropheonlinolphenol to survey the Vc. Sampling began in the first week after the anthesis, following a time schedule of one times every two weeks within two months of the prophase of the fruit development, and one times every four weeks of the later period until the fruit ripens. Correlation analyses, variance analyses and multiple comparison were applied to process the data.The results showed that: 1) the soluble sugar level increased with the growth of the fruit, slowly in the initial 7 weeks after the blooming, but rapidly from the 7th week on, and the positive correlation was found between the sugar level and the number of weeks after the anthesis (r=0.961), and between the sugar level and light intensity (r=0.95); 2) the organic acid level presented the trend of falling with the growth of the fruit, and the correlation between the organic acid level (not apparently related to the light intensity) and the number of weeks after the anthesis was negative (r=-0.814); 3) the sugar-acid ratio rose with the growth of the fruit, in positive correlation with the soluble sugar level and not significant correlation with the organic acid level; 4) the variation of Vc content indicated a low-high-low pattern, with the value of 25.76 mg·kg -1 in the first week after the blooming, and a rise to 68.32 mg·kg -1 in the 5th week, then a decline with the fruit growth to 18.82 mg·kg -1 in the 7th week, and the significant correlation was not found with the number of weeks after the anthesis and the light intensity; 5) the light intensity was positively correlated with the soluble sugar, while not significantly correlated with the organic acid and Vc. The quality of fruit was improved with the increase of light intensity.The result suggests that different measures need to be taken to adjust the nutrition of the pear tree in the different fruit-growth phases. When the tree is properly trimmed, sunlight can be fully utilized to achieve a perfect photosynthesis which contributes to a better inner physiological system, and thus the fruit quality will be improved.展开更多
【目的】从鸭梨果实中克隆Pb Chi IV的全长c DNA序列,检测Pb Chi IV在根、茎、叶、果实以及在水杨酸(SA)和梨轮纹病菌诱导下的表达特性,以探讨该基因与SA信号转导及抗梨轮纹病菌的相关性。【方法】设计特异引物,克隆Pb Chi IV的全长序列...【目的】从鸭梨果实中克隆Pb Chi IV的全长c DNA序列,检测Pb Chi IV在根、茎、叶、果实以及在水杨酸(SA)和梨轮纹病菌诱导下的表达特性,以探讨该基因与SA信号转导及抗梨轮纹病菌的相关性。【方法】设计特异引物,克隆Pb Chi IV的全长序列,将测序得到的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列在NCBI上用BLAST进行序列相似性分析,利用Biot Edit软件对氨基酸序列进行比对,利用MEGA6.0构建系统发育树,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析该基因在梨不同组织以及在SA和梨轮纹病菌诱导下的表达。【结果】克隆了Pb Chi IV的c DNA序列为819 bp,Gen Bank数据库登录号为KJ872676。生物信息学分析表明,Pb Chi IV编码272个氨基酸,与沙梨的同源性达100%,与毛果杨(XP_006376418.1)、葡萄(NP001268173.1)、拟南芥(CAA74930.1)、紫花苜蓿(ACL36992.1)、蒺藜苜蓿(AAR87869.1)、豇豆(CAA61281.1)、榛子(AEM97876.1)、东方山羊豆(AAP03085.1)、葡萄(NP_001268075.1)、华东葡萄(ABY66958.1)、葡萄(AAB65777.1)、烟草(BAF44533.1)和海岛棉(AER29902.1)的同源性分别为79%、73%、73%、72%、72%、72%、69%、68%、67%、67%、65%、67%和62%,属于第IV类几丁质酶基因。表达分析表明,Pb Chi IV在根中的表达量最大,分别是茎和叶的4.32和2.96倍,其次是在果实中的表达量,分别是茎和叶的2.48和1.70倍,在叶片和茎中的表达相对较低。在鸭梨幼果和成熟期果实中,SA和梨轮纹病菌均可诱导该基因表达。SA处理后基因的最大表达量是对照的2.83和3.8倍,病原菌处理后基因的最大表达量是对照的1.82和1.66倍,SA、病原菌处理后基因的最大表达量是对照的2.49和3.43倍,表达量分别在72、24和72 h达到最大值。【结论】Pb Chi IV可能参与SA介导的植物抗病防卫反应的信号通路,推测其参与梨轮纹病菌引起的防卫反应,在鸭梨抗病过程中起作用。展开更多
文摘This study used 40-year-old Pyrus bretschneideri cv. Dangshan Su pear trees in Dangshan County, Anhui Province as experimental materials. Four positions at the crown of the pear tree with different light intensity were observed, including the south exterior and interior and the north exterior and interior of the middle crown. The ZD-ZA illumination meter was adopted to measure the light intensity, the anthracene ketone method to survey the soluble sugar, the standard acid-soda to measure the organic acid, and the 2,6-dichloropheonlinolphenol to survey the Vc. Sampling began in the first week after the anthesis, following a time schedule of one times every two weeks within two months of the prophase of the fruit development, and one times every four weeks of the later period until the fruit ripens. Correlation analyses, variance analyses and multiple comparison were applied to process the data.The results showed that: 1) the soluble sugar level increased with the growth of the fruit, slowly in the initial 7 weeks after the blooming, but rapidly from the 7th week on, and the positive correlation was found between the sugar level and the number of weeks after the anthesis (r=0.961), and between the sugar level and light intensity (r=0.95); 2) the organic acid level presented the trend of falling with the growth of the fruit, and the correlation between the organic acid level (not apparently related to the light intensity) and the number of weeks after the anthesis was negative (r=-0.814); 3) the sugar-acid ratio rose with the growth of the fruit, in positive correlation with the soluble sugar level and not significant correlation with the organic acid level; 4) the variation of Vc content indicated a low-high-low pattern, with the value of 25.76 mg·kg -1 in the first week after the blooming, and a rise to 68.32 mg·kg -1 in the 5th week, then a decline with the fruit growth to 18.82 mg·kg -1 in the 7th week, and the significant correlation was not found with the number of weeks after the anthesis and the light intensity; 5) the light intensity was positively correlated with the soluble sugar, while not significantly correlated with the organic acid and Vc. The quality of fruit was improved with the increase of light intensity.The result suggests that different measures need to be taken to adjust the nutrition of the pear tree in the different fruit-growth phases. When the tree is properly trimmed, sunlight can be fully utilized to achieve a perfect photosynthesis which contributes to a better inner physiological system, and thus the fruit quality will be improved.
文摘【目的】从鸭梨果实中克隆Pb Chi IV的全长c DNA序列,检测Pb Chi IV在根、茎、叶、果实以及在水杨酸(SA)和梨轮纹病菌诱导下的表达特性,以探讨该基因与SA信号转导及抗梨轮纹病菌的相关性。【方法】设计特异引物,克隆Pb Chi IV的全长序列,将测序得到的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列在NCBI上用BLAST进行序列相似性分析,利用Biot Edit软件对氨基酸序列进行比对,利用MEGA6.0构建系统发育树,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析该基因在梨不同组织以及在SA和梨轮纹病菌诱导下的表达。【结果】克隆了Pb Chi IV的c DNA序列为819 bp,Gen Bank数据库登录号为KJ872676。生物信息学分析表明,Pb Chi IV编码272个氨基酸,与沙梨的同源性达100%,与毛果杨(XP_006376418.1)、葡萄(NP001268173.1)、拟南芥(CAA74930.1)、紫花苜蓿(ACL36992.1)、蒺藜苜蓿(AAR87869.1)、豇豆(CAA61281.1)、榛子(AEM97876.1)、东方山羊豆(AAP03085.1)、葡萄(NP_001268075.1)、华东葡萄(ABY66958.1)、葡萄(AAB65777.1)、烟草(BAF44533.1)和海岛棉(AER29902.1)的同源性分别为79%、73%、73%、72%、72%、72%、69%、68%、67%、67%、65%、67%和62%,属于第IV类几丁质酶基因。表达分析表明,Pb Chi IV在根中的表达量最大,分别是茎和叶的4.32和2.96倍,其次是在果实中的表达量,分别是茎和叶的2.48和1.70倍,在叶片和茎中的表达相对较低。在鸭梨幼果和成熟期果实中,SA和梨轮纹病菌均可诱导该基因表达。SA处理后基因的最大表达量是对照的2.83和3.8倍,病原菌处理后基因的最大表达量是对照的1.82和1.66倍,SA、病原菌处理后基因的最大表达量是对照的2.49和3.43倍,表达量分别在72、24和72 h达到最大值。【结论】Pb Chi IV可能参与SA介导的植物抗病防卫反应的信号通路,推测其参与梨轮纹病菌引起的防卫反应,在鸭梨抗病过程中起作用。
文摘以泌阳瓢梨和俸皇酒为主要原料,采用浸泡法,研究了温度、瓢梨果实的不同部分、糖酒比例以及浸泡时间对泌阳瓢梨果酒配制过程中的酒精度、滴定酸、维生素C、铁含量以及感官质量的影响,筛选出2种配制酒类型的优化条件,营养型:泌阳瓢梨果皮、糖酒比例50g·L-1、温度5℃、浸泡时间30 d;风味独特型:泌阳瓢梨果核、糖酒比例100 g·L-1、温度5℃、浸泡时间60 d.
