猴痘病毒B20R蛋白原核表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

【目的】构建猴痘病毒B20R蛋白原核表达系统,并评价原核表达获得的融合蛋白免疫原性,为后续的猴痘病毒检测及新型治疗方法开发提供技术支撑。【方法】参照GenBank已公布的猴痘病毒基因组序列,按照大肠杆菌密码子偏好性对B20R基因DNA序列进行优化,人工合成B20R基因并将其分别克隆至表达载体pET-28a和pET-32a以构建原核表达载体;以构建的2种原核表达载体分别转化大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞,经IPTG诱导表达后使用SDSPAGE和Western blotting检测融合蛋白B20R的表达情况。通过控制变量法优化融合蛋白B20R的诱导表达条件,使用Ni柱亲和层析进行纯化;以纯化的融合蛋白B20R经腹腔注射免疫昆明小鼠,定期采集昆明小鼠血样,采用ELISA检测血清抗体效价。【结果】将B20R基因克隆至表达载体pET-32a能成功构建原核表达载体pET-32a-B20R,经IPTG诱导后,可在大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞中表达出融合蛋白B20R,且主要以不可溶的包涵体形式进行表达。融合蛋白B20R最佳诱导表达条件为37℃下以0.6 mmol/L IPTG诱导12 h,Ni柱亲和层析纯化的最佳咪唑洗脱浓度为40 mmol/L。以纯化的融合蛋白B20R接种免疫昆明小鼠,可在短时间内引起昆明小鼠产生强烈的体液免疫,且至免疫第42 d仍然维持较高的抗体水平,抗体效价高达1∶409600。【结论】构建的猴痘病毒B20R蛋白原核表达载体可在大肠杆菌BL21细胞中以包涵体形式成功表达出融合蛋白B20R,且融合蛋白B20R具有良好的免疫原性,可在短时间内引起昆明小鼠产生强烈的体液免疫。

结合YC_(b)C_(r)和主成分分析的遥感阴影检测方法

针对阴影提取过程中水体等地物会影响阴影检测精度的问题,根据高分辨率遥感影像在YC_(b)C_(r)空间阴影区域的性质,提出了一种顾及水体的结合YC_(b)C_(r)空间与主成分分析(PCA)的遥感阴影检测方法。首先需判断是否有水体,若没有,则利用PCA与经过伽马校正的YC_(b)C_(r)空间变换相结合的阴影检测指数(SII)进行阴影检测;若有,则在此基础上利用水体指数NDWI对融合影像进行水体检测以及小斑块去除后处理,去除水体提取阴影。实验结果表明,该方法检测的正确率高于90%,比NDUI、C1C2C3、SI阴影检测方法更准确,同时能去除水体等对阴影的影响,具有更好的普适性。

Restoring the Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio may alleviate HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure

AIM: To investigate the role of T helper 17 cells (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).METHODS: We enrolled 79 patients with HBV infection into the study, 50 patients with HBV-related ACLF and 29 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), from the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College from January 2009 to June 2012. The ACLF patients were diagnosed according to the criteria recommended by The 19th Conference of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver in 2009. Twenty healthy individuals with a similar gender and age structures to the two patient groups were also included as the normal controls (NC). Of the 50 ACLF patients, 28 were subsequently classified as non-survivors: 19 patients died from multiorgan failure, 3 underwent liver transplantation, and 6 discontinued therapy during follow-up because of financial reasons. The remaining 22 ACLF patients whose liver and anticoagulation function recovered to nearly normal levels within the next 6 mo were classified as survivors. The number of circulating Treg and Th17 cells was determined upon diagnosis and during the 8th week of follow-up through flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentage of circulating Treg cells in the ACLF group was significantly higher than that in the CHB group (5.50% ± 1.15% vs 3.30% ± 1.13%, P < 0.01). The percentages of circulating Th17 cells in the ACLF and the CHB groups were significantly higher than that in the NC group (6.32% ± 2.22% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01; 3.53% ± 1.65% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01). No significant difference in Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio was observed between the ACLF group and the CHB group (0.98 ± 0.44 vs 1.12 ± 0.64, P = 0.991), whereas those in the two HBV infection groups were significantly lower than that in the NC group (1.85 ± 1.22; both P < 0.01). The percentage of Treg cells in the survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during peak ACLF severity [total bilirubin (TBIL) peak] (3.45% ± 0.97% vs 5.18% ± 1.02%, P < 0.01). The percentage of Th17 cells in survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during the peak TBIL (2.89% ±0.60% vs 5.24% ± 1.46%; P < 0.01). The Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the 8 th week of follow-up was significantly higher than that during the TBIL peak (1.22 ± 0.36 vs 1.10 ± 0.54; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Restoring the Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the follow-up phase of ACLF could maintain the immune system at a steady state, which favours good prognosis.

Value of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-to-platelet ratio in diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B

AIM To investigate the value of the gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase(GGT)-to-platelet(PLT) ratio(GPR) in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS We included 390 untreated CHB patients in this study. The GPR, aspartate aminotransferase(AST)-to-PLT ratio index(APRI), and fibrosis-4(FIB-4) of all patients were analysed to determine if these parameter were correlated with age, gender, medical history, liver function [total bilirubin(TBil), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and AST], GGT, PLT count, or hepatic fibrosis stage. The GPR, APRI, and FIB-4, as well as the combination of the GPR and APRI or the GPR and FIB-4 were assessed in different cirrhosis stages using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis to evaluate their value in diagnosing hepatic fibrosis in CHB patients. RESULTS The GPR, APRI, and FIB-4 were not correlated withCHB patients' age, gender, or disease duration(P > 0.05), but all of these parameters were positively correlated with serum ALT, AST, GGT, and PLT count(P < 0.01). Additionally, the GPR, APRI, and FIB-4 were positively correlated with hepatic fibrosis(P < 0.01); the areas under the ROC curve for the GPR in F1, F2, F3, and F4 stages were 0.723, 0.741, 0.826, and 0.833, respectively, which were significantly higher than the respective values for the FIB-4 and APRI(F1: 0.581, 0.612; F2: 0.706, 0.711; F3: 0.73, 0.751; and F4: 0.799, 0.778). The respective diagnostic cut-off points for each stage were 0.402, 0.448, 0.548, and 0.833, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 88.8% and 87.5% in F1, 72.7% and 89.7% in F2, 81.3% and 98.6% in F3, and 80% and 97.4% in F4 when the GPR and APRI were connected in parallel; 86.6% and 90.2%, 78.4% and 96%, 78.6% and 97.4%, and 73.2% and 97.9%, respectively, when the GPR and APRI were connected in series; 80.2% and 89%, 65% and 89%, 70.3% and 98.5%, and 78.8% and 96.8%, respectively, when the GPR and FIB-4 were connected in parallel; and 83.6% and 87.9%, 76.8% and 96.6%, 72.7% and 98%, and 74.4% and 97.7%, respectively, when the GPR and FIB-4 were connected in series.CONCLUSION The GPR, as a serum diagnostic index of liver fibrosis, is more accurate, sensitive, and easy to use than the FIB-4 and APRI, and the GPR can significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity of hepatic fibrosis diagnosis in CHB when combined with the FIB-4 or APRI.

Is the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio associated with liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B?

AIM: To determine the association between the neutrophil to lymphocyte(N/L) ratio and the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) infection. METHODS: Between December 2011 and February 2013, 129 consecutive CHB patients who were admitted to the study hospitals for histological evaluation of chronic hepatitis B-related liver fibrosis were included in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups based on the fibrosis score: individuals with a fibrosis score of F0 or F1 were included in the "no/minimal liver fibrosis" group, whereas patients with a fibrosis score of F2, F3, or F4 were included in the "advanced liver fibrosis" group. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences 18.0 for Windows was used to analyze the data. A P value of < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.RESULTS: Three experienced and blinded pathologists evaluated the fibrotic status and inflammatory activity of 129 liver biopsy samples from the CHB patients. Following histopathological examination, the "no/minimal fibrosis" group included 79 individuals, while the "advanced fibrosis" group included 50 individuals. Mean(N/L) ratio levels were notably lower in patients with advanced fibrosis when compared with patients with no/minimal fibrosis. The mean value of the aspartate aminotransferase-platelet ratio index was markedly higher in cases with advanced fibrosis compared to those with no/minimal fibrosis.CONCLUSION: Reduced levels of the peripheral blood N/L ratio were found to give high sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in CHB patients with significant fibrosis. The prominent finding of our research suggests that the N/L ratio can be used as a novel noninvasive marker of fibrosis in patients with CHB.

Diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferaseto-platelet ratio index and liver stiffness measurement in hepatitis B virus-infected patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase

AIM To assess the diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI), and liver stiffness measurement(LSM) in patients with hepatitis B virus infection who have persistently normal alanine transaminase(PNALT).METHODS We enrolled 245 patients with chronic hepatitis B: 95 in PNALT group, 86 in intermittently elevated alanine transaminase(PIALT1) group [alanine transaminase(ALT) within 1-2 × upper limit of normal value(ULN)], and 64 in PIALT2 group(ALT > 2 × ULN). All the patients received a percutaneous liver biopsy guided by ultrasonography. LSM, biochemical tests, and complete blood cell counts were performed.RESULTS The pathological examination revealed moderate inflammatory necrosis ratios of 16.81%(16/95), 32.56%(28/86), and 45.31%(28/64), and moderate liverfibrosis of 24.2%(23/95), 33.72%(29/86), and 43.75%(28/64) in the PNALT, PIALT1, and PIALT2 groups, respectively. The degrees of inflammation and liver fibrosis were significantly higher in the PIALT groups than in the PNALT group(P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the areas under the curve(AUCs) between APRI and FIB-4 in the PNALT group; however, significant differences were found between APRI and LSM, and between FIB-4 and LSM in the PNALT group(P < 0.05 for both). In the PIALT1 and PIALT2 groups, no significant difference(P > 0.05) was found in AUCs for all comparisons(P > 0.05 for all). In the overall patients, a significant difference in the AUCs was found only between LSM and APRI(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION APRI and FIB-4 are not the ideal noninvasive hepatic fibrosis markers for PNALT patients. LSM is superior to APRI and FIB-4 in PNALT patients because of the influence of liver inflammation and necrosis.

Combined Hangzhou criteria with neutrophillymphocyte ratio is superior to other criteria in selecting liver transplantation candidates with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND： The elevation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio （NLR） has adverse effects on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） who have received liver transplantation （LT）. The Hangzhou criteria are set for selecting HCC patients for LT. The present study aimed to establish a set of new criteria combining the NLR and Hangzhou crite- ria for selecting HCC patients for LT.

IgG受体FcγRⅡB调节实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎致神经元损伤及Th17/Treg免疫平衡的作用研究

目的:探究IgG受体FcγRⅡB对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)模型小鼠神经元损伤与Th17/Treg失衡的作用。方法:C57BL/6小鼠随机分组为对照组、EAE组、FcγRⅡB组、EAE+FcγRⅡB组,每组15只,皮下注射MOG35-55肽诱导EAE模型,并给予FcγRⅡB慢病毒液处理;造模后每日称量小鼠体质量,进行神经功能评分,持续30 d;30 d后处死小鼠,HE染色观察脑组织病理形态学变化,LFB染色评估脊髓髓鞘结构变化,免疫荧光染色检测脊髓大脑皮质神经元核抗原(NeuN)和Caspase-3表达,TUNEL染色检测神经元细胞凋亡,ELISA检测血清IL-6、IL-17、IL-10及TGF-β水平,流式细胞术分析脾脏Th17、Treg细胞比例分布,Western blot测定脊髓组织维甲酸相关孤儿受体γt(RORγt)与Forkhead家族转录因子3(Foxp3)蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较,EAE组小鼠体质量下降,神经功能评分升高,脑组织内炎症细胞浸润明显,脊髓中出现脱髓鞘迹象,NeuN荧光表达强度减弱而Caspase-3荧光表达强度增强,TUNEL阳性着色细胞多,细胞凋亡数增加,血清中IL-6和IL-17水平升高,IL-10和TGF-β水平降低,脾脏内Th17细胞比例升高,Treg比例降低,脊髓组织内RORγt蛋白表达上调,Foxp3蛋白表达下调(P<0.05);与EAE组比较,EAE+FcγRⅡB组小鼠体质量增加,神经功能评分降低,脑组织内炎症细胞浸润减轻,脊髓脱髓鞘现象得到改善,NeuN荧光表达强度增强,Caspase-3荧光表达强度减弱,TUNEL阳性着色细胞较少,细胞凋亡数减少,血清中IL-6和IL-17水平降低,而IL-10和TGF-β水平升高,同时脾脏内Th17细胞比例降低,Treg比例升高,脊髓组织内RORγt蛋白表达下调而Foxp3蛋白表达上调(P<0.05)。结论:FcγRⅡB对EAE小鼠具有神经保护作用,可减轻其脑组织炎症细胞浸润及脱髓鞘现象,作用机制可能与调节细胞因子水平及Th17/Treg细胞免疫平衡有关。

Effect of Hydration Aging and Water Binder Ratio on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sprayed Concrete

In order to study the durability of sprayed concrete （shotcrete）, effects of different hydration aging and water-binder ratio （w/b） on the microstructure of cement paste and basic mechanical properties of test specimens were investigated. The phase composition, mass percentage of ettringite and portland in hydration production and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermo gravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry （TG-DSC） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, respectively. The experimental results showed that changes in phase composition was more significant than those of water-binder ratio. With hydration aging and water-binder ratio increased, the mass percentage of ettringite and portland was decreased from 4.42%, 1.49% to 3.31%, 1.35%, respectively and the microstructure of paste was significantly compacted. Likewise, the mechanical properties including cubic compressive strength and splitting tensile strength were rised obviously.

Prognostic value of the preoperative fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients undergoing R0 resection

BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in tumor progression,and growing evidence has confirmed that the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)is an important prognostic factor for overall survival in malignant tumors.AIM To investigate the prognostic significance of FAR in patients undergoing radical R0 resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 282 patients with PDAC who underwent radical R0 resection at The Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2010 to December 2019.The surv_cutpoint function of the R package survminer via RStudio software(version 1.3.1073,http://www.rstudio.org)was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of biological markers,such as preoperative FAR.The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used for univariate survival analysis,and a Cox regression model was used for multivariate survival analysis for PDAC patients who underwent radical R0 resection.RESULTS The optimal cut-off value of FAR was 0.08 by the surv_cutpoint function.Higher preoperative FAR was significantly correlated with clinical symptoms(P=0.001),tumor location(P<0.001),surgical approaches(P<0.001),preoperative plasma fibrinogen concentration(P<0.001),and preoperative plasma albumin level(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that degree of tumor differentiation(P<0.001),number of metastatic lymph nodes[hazard ratio(HR):0.678,95%confidence interval(CI):0.509-0.904,P=0.008],adjuvant therapy(HR:1.604,95%CI:1.214-2.118,P=0.001),preoperative cancer antigen 19-9 level(HR:1.740,95%CI:1.288-2.352,P<0.001),and preoperative FAR(HR:2.258,95%CI:1.720-2.963,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with PDAC who underwent radical R0 resection.CONCLUSION The increase in preoperative FAR was significantly related to poor prognosis in patients undergoing radical R0 resection for PDAC.Preoperative FAR can be used clinically to predict the prognosis of PDAC patients undergoing radical R0 resection.

Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis with combined serum aminotransferase/platelet ratio index and hyaluronic acid in patients with chronic hepatitis B

AIM： To construct a noninvasive assessment model consisting of routine laboratory data to predict significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. METHODS： A total of 137 consecutive patients with CriB who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups according to their aminotransferase （ALT） level. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value （PPV）, negative predictive value （NPV）, the likelihood ratio （LR） of aminotransferase/platelet ratio index （APRI） ≥ 1.5 or 〈 1.5 in combination with different hyaluronic acid （HA） cut-off points were calculated for the presence of moderate to severe fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 2 and 4） and no to mild fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 0 and 1）. RESULTS： The APRI correlated with fibrosis stage in CriB patients. The APRI ≥1.5 in combination with a cut-off HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL could detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients. The PPV was 93.7%, the specificity was 98.9%. The APRI 〈 1.5 in combination with different HA cut-off points could not detect no to mild fibrosis in CHB patients. CONCLUSION： The APRI ≥ 1.5 in combination with a HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL can detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients.

Combined acoustic radiation force impulse, aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and Forns index assessment for hepatic fibrosis grading in hepatitis B

AIM: To investigate the combined diagnostic accuracy of acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI) and Forns index for a non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS: In this prospective study, 206 patients had CHB with liver fibrosis stages F0-F4 classified by METAVIR and 40 were healthy volunteers were measured by ARFI, APRI and Forns index separately or combined as indicated. RESULTS: ARFI, APRI or Forns index demonstrated a significant correlation with the histological stage(all P < 0.001). According to the AUROC of ARFI and APRI for evaluating fibrotic stages more than F2, ARFI showed an enhanced diagnostic accuracy than APRI(P < 0.05). The combined measurement of ARFI and APRI exhibited better accuracy than ARFI alone when evaluating ≥ F2 fibrotic stage(Z = 2.77, P = 0.006). Combination of ARFI, APRI and Forns index did not obviously improve the diagnostic accuracy compared to the combination of ARFI and APRI(Z = 0.958, P = 0.338). CONCLUSION: ARFI + APRI showed enhanced diagnostic accuracy than ARFI or APRI alone for significant liver fibrosis and ARFI + APRI + Forns index shows the same effect with ARFI + APRI.

LMR和CD163^(+)TAM对弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者预后的评估价值

目的:探究淋巴细胞和单核细胞比值(LMR)和CD163^(+)肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAM)对弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)患者预后的评估价值。方法:收集63例初诊DLBCL患者外周血和淋巴结组织。检测患者血常规,得出淋巴细胞和单核细胞数量,计算出LMR。采用免疫组化方法检测淋巴结组织中CD163^(+)TAM数量。采用ROC曲线确定LMR和CD163^(+)TAM的截断值,分析LMR和CD163^(+)TAM与DLBCL患者预后指标的相关性。结果:63例初诊DLBCL患者的LMR的水平为3.69±1.71,CD163^(+)TAM的中位值为26/HPF。CD163^(+)TAM与LMR呈负相关(r=-0.58),与单核细胞计数呈正相关(r=0.46)。采用ROC曲线确定LMR和CD163^(+)TAM临界值分别为2.95和29/HPF,并以此将患者分为低LMR组和高LMR组以及低CD163^(+)TAM组和高CD163^(+)TAM组。低LMR组临床分期Ⅲ-Ⅳ期、IPI评分3-5分以及存在骨髓浸润的患者比例均明显高于高LMR组(P<0.05)。高CD163^(+)TAM组临床分期Ⅲ-Ⅳ期、IPI评分3-5分、LDH水平升高以及存在骨髓浸润的患者比例均明显高于低CD163^(+)TAM组(P<0.05)。LMR与OS呈正相关(r=0.43),CD163^(+)TAM比例与OS呈负相关(r=-0.65)。低LMR组和高CD163^(+)TAM组的DLBCL患者具有更短的OS(P<0.05)。结论:低LMR和高CD163^(+)TAM可以作为DLBCL患者预后不良的生物学标志。

R/S ratio in lead Ⅱ, and the prognostic significance of red cell distribution width in acute coronary syndrome

BACKGROUND In spite of developing medical technologies to discover the etiopathogenesis of diseases and developments in the treatment of coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndromes(ACS) continue to be the main cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. New cardiac biomarkers and techniques are needed to help provide rapid diagnosis in order to evaluate risk in coronary artery patients.AIM To evaluate the effects of R to S ratio(RSR) in the electrocardiograph of patients with ACS, from the point of the arising complication after myocardial infarction(MI), to three-vessel disease(TVD) and mortality.METHODS The data of 1,296 patients with ACS, who presented to the emergency department of our hospital with chest pain between January 2014 and December2018 and were admitted to the cardiology clinic, were retrospectively included in this cross-sectional cohort study. Patients with an RSR value less than I were assigned to group Ⅰ, while those with an RSR value greater than Ⅰ were assigned to group Ⅱ.RESULTS In our study, 466(35.9%) of the 1,296 patients, 357(38.3%) in group 1 and 109(29.9%) in group 2, were female, with a mean age of 61.56 ± 9.42. ST-elevation MI 573(44.2%), unstable angina(UA) 502(38.7%) and non ST-elevation MI 220(17%)were more prevalent in group Ⅰ. Acute anterior MI 263(20.3) in group Ⅰ, and acute inferior MI 184(14.2) in group Ⅱ was higher. Ischemic heart failure was the most common complication. In group Ⅱ, the red cell distribution width(RDW) was 15.42 ± 1.82, the gensini score was 48.39 ± 36.44, the left ventricular ejection fraction was 41.17 ± 10.41, the TVD was 111(8.5), and the mortality rate was 72(5.6), which was significantly higher than group Ⅰ RDW; in MI with ST and nonST-elevation, in TVD, mortality and complications were high and low in UA. In single and multivariate regression analyses, the variables were associated with ACS risk.CONCLUSION RSR levels may be an auxiliary predictive value in ACS in terms of complications developing after MI, TVD, and mortality.

The Hydration of Blended Cement at Low W/B Ratio

The hydration process,hydration product and hydration heat of blended cement paste mixed with mineral admixture and expansive agent at low W/B ratio are studied by XRD,thermo analysis,and calorimetry instrument,and they were compared with those of pure cement paste.The results show that pure cement and blended cement at low W/B ratio have the same types of hydration products,but their respective amounts of hydration products of various blended cements at same ages and the variation law of the amount of same hydration products with ages are different;The joint effect of tumefaction of gel-ettringite due to water absorption and the expansive pressure on the pore and rift caused by the crystalloid ettringite is the impetus of the volume expansion of cement paste,and the former effect is much greater than the latter one.

Preparation of Layered Potassium Titanate Whiskers with Large Length-diameter Ratio by KDC Method

Pure K2Ti4O9 whiskers were prepared by KDC（Kneading-Drying-Calcination） method with TiO2 and K2CO3 as raw materials. The influences of TiO2/K2CO3 molar ratio（RT/K）, calcination temperature（TC） and cooling process on phase composition and morphology of the whiskers were investigated by TG-DSC（thermo gravimetric-differential scanning calorimeter）, XRD（X-ray diffraction）, and SEM（scanning electron microscope）. Pure K2Ti4O9 potassium titanate whiskers with large length-diameter ratio（r）（over 250） can be obtained at RT/K = 2.9 and TC = 950 ℃.

老年弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者“R+化疗”预后相关因素分析

目的分析老年弥漫大B细胞性淋巴瘤(DLBCL)患者行“R+化疗”治疗6周期后临床效果的相关因素。方法该回顾性分析纳入我院2019年1月至2022年1月收治的118例老年DLBCL患者的临床资料,通过单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析与6周期“R+化疗”治疗预后相关的血液学指标。结果外周血淋巴细胞计数/单核细胞计数(LMR)下降、EB病毒感染、血β_(2)微球蛋白升高是老年DLBCL患者6周期“R+化疗”后良好预后的独立危险因素。结论LMR、EB病毒感染、血β2微球蛋白水平与老年DLBCL患者“R+化疗”治疗效果相关。

Exploring the efficacy of(R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride in mitigating noise-induced hearing loss by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway to reduce inner ear inflammation

Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)is primarily driven by inflammatory processes within the cochlea,where noise exposure triggers the activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome,leading to an inflammatory cascade.The interaction between increased NLRP3 expression and NF-κB activity can further amplify cochlear inflammation.Our findings reveal that(R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride,a selective inhibitor of the SETD7 enzyme,effectively inhibits the activation of the cochlear NF-κB pathway,suppresses the release of proinflammatory factors,and prevents inflammasome assembly.This intervention disrupts the perpetuating cycle of inflammation,thereby alleviating damage to cochlear hair cells attributed to acoustic trauma.Consequently,(R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride emerges as a promising pharmacological candidate for NIHL,targeting and moderating the excessive immune and inflammatory responses implicated in the pathology of hearing loss.

IL-6、CRP、NLR和NT-proBNP对老年心力衰竭合并肺炎的诊断价值

目的探讨白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)和N末端前脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)对老年心力衰竭(以下简称心衰)合并肺炎的诊断价值。方法选取2022年4月至2023年4月该院收治的165例老年心衰患者作为研究对象,根据是否合并肺炎分为心衰合并肺炎组(78例)和单纯心衰组(87例),根据美国纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能分级标准分为Ⅱ级组(59例)和Ⅲ级+Ⅳ级组(106例)。比较各组IL-6、CRP、NT-proBNP水平和NLR;采用Spearman相关分析IL-6、CRP、NLR与NT-proBNP水平的相关性;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估IL-6、CRP、NLR、NT-proBNP单独及联合检测对心衰患者合并肺炎的诊断效能。结果心衰合并肺炎组IL-6、CRP、NT-proBNP水平及NLR明显高于单纯心衰组(P<0.05),Ⅲ级+Ⅳ级组IL-6、CRP、NT-proBNP水平及NLR明显高于Ⅱ级组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,NT-proBNP水平与IL-6、CRP、NLR水平呈正相关(r=0.263、0.419、0.468,P<0.001)。IL-6、CRP、NLR和NTproBNP联合诊断心衰合并肺炎的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.726(95%CI:0.650~0.803),灵敏度为67.9%,特异度为71.3%。结论心衰合并肺炎患者IL-6、CRP、NT-proBNP水平和NLR明显高于单纯心衰患者,上述4项指标联合检测对心衰合并肺炎患者有一定的诊断效能。

Total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a population with chronic hepatitis B

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia,increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels,and reduced highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)particles.Previous studies have shown that the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(TC/HDL-C)was superior to other lipid metabolism biomarkers for predicting NAFLD risk and could be a new indicator of NAFLD.However,the association between TC/HDL-C and NAFLD in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)has not yet been determined.AIM To investigate the association between TC/HDL-C and NAFLD in a population with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).METHODS In this study,183 HBV-infected patients were enrolled.All participants underwent blood chemistry examinations and abdominal ultrasound.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models,curve fitting analysis,and threshold calculation were used to assess the relationship between TC/HDL-C and NAFLD.RESULTS The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 17.49%(n=32)in the 183 CHB participants.The TC/HDL-C of non-NAFLD and NAFLD patients were 3.83±0.75 and 4.44±0.77,respectively(P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that TC/HDL-C was not associated with NAFLD after adjusting for other pertinent clinical variables.However,at an optimal cutoff point of 4.9,a non-linear correlation between TC/HDL-C and NAFLD was detected.The effect size of the left and right sides of the inflection point were 5.4(95%confidence interval:2.3-12.6,P<0.01)and 0.5(95%confidence interval:0.1-2.2,P=0.39),respectively.On the left side of the inflection point,TC/HDL-C was positively associated with NAFLD.However,no significant association was observed on the right side of the inflection point.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a non-linear correlation between TC/HDL-C and NAFLD in a population with CHB.TC/HDL-C was positively associated with NAFLD when TC/HDL-C was less than 4.9 but not when TC/HDL-C was more than 4.9.