R &D strategic alliance is important for enterprises' sustainable development and it is a worth research for us. This paper firstly analyzes the condition and situation of tho small and medium-sized enterprises' st...R &D strategic alliance is important for enterprises' sustainable development and it is a worth research for us. This paper firstly analyzes the condition and situation of tho small and medium-sized enterprises' strategic alliance. Then it points out that the small and medium-sized enterprises should choose a sttieable alliance organization, ally themselves with big enterprises, strive for the support of the government, and develop their technology through technology unions. Finally, it suggests that the government should create better innovation environment for R&D strategic, alliance. A new way is also put forward for the applicotion and foundation of the small and medium-sized enterprises ' R&D ,strategic alliance in China. It is also helpful for the sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises.展开更多
Traditionally governance structures are classified into "hierarchy or market" or "equity or non-equity." However,such classifications may not be effective in characterizing all governance structures of research an...Traditionally governance structures are classified into "hierarchy or market" or "equity or non-equity." However,such classifications may not be effective in characterizing all governance structures of research and development(R D) alliances.Therefore,the first objective of this study is to investigate why there exist different organizational governance structures in managing R D alliances;the second objective of this study is to give strategic advice in choosing appropriate forms with respect to various characteristics of R D alliances.Through the theoretical lens that integrate both transaction cost economics(TCE) and the resource-based view(RBV),a model that focuses on six major factors is developed for determining governance structure choices,namely,technological uncertainty,cultural difference,asset specificity,technology complementarity,appropriability of the individual firm's know-how,and trust.An R D alliance with higher technological uncertainty,larger cultural differences,and greater concerns for protecting an individual's know-how is more likely to adopt non-integrated alliances as the governing structure.An R D alliance with a higher degree of asset-specificity,greater technology complementarity and greater trust among partnering organizations is more likely to adopt integrated alliances as the governing structure;an R D alliance in the face of lower technological uncertainty will tend to adopt integrated alliances.The more aligned the choice of the governance structure with its determinants,the better the R D alliance will perform,and vice versa.展开更多
Taking absorptive capacity effects on research spillovers into consideration, this paper focuses on the R&D investment decisions and the output decisions of labor-managed firms. Based on the general model of the cost...Taking absorptive capacity effects on research spillovers into consideration, this paper focuses on the R&D investment decisions and the output decisions of labor-managed firms. Based on the general model of the cost-reducing R&D, the strategic interactions of output and R&D investment between labor-managed firms in a duopoly are analyzed. Moreover, the impact of absorptive capacity effects on optimal output in the production stage is discussed. In the R&D stage, the impacts of absorptive capacity effects on the equilibrium R&D investment in cooperative and non-cooperative R&D are analyzed. Finally, the R&D strategy of labor-managed firms is compared with the behavior of profit-maximizing firms. The results show that equilibrium R&D investment is always higher than that in the exogenous spillover rate, which is similar to the behavior of the profit-maximizing firms. However, unlike the profit-maximizing firms, the impact of the absorptive capacity that affects the relationship between the optimal output and its own(rival' s)R&D is shown to be dependent upon a return-to-scale of the production.展开更多
文摘R &D strategic alliance is important for enterprises' sustainable development and it is a worth research for us. This paper firstly analyzes the condition and situation of tho small and medium-sized enterprises' strategic alliance. Then it points out that the small and medium-sized enterprises should choose a sttieable alliance organization, ally themselves with big enterprises, strive for the support of the government, and develop their technology through technology unions. Finally, it suggests that the government should create better innovation environment for R&D strategic, alliance. A new way is also put forward for the applicotion and foundation of the small and medium-sized enterprises ' R&D ,strategic alliance in China. It is also helpful for the sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
基金The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Traditionally governance structures are classified into "hierarchy or market" or "equity or non-equity." However,such classifications may not be effective in characterizing all governance structures of research and development(R D) alliances.Therefore,the first objective of this study is to investigate why there exist different organizational governance structures in managing R D alliances;the second objective of this study is to give strategic advice in choosing appropriate forms with respect to various characteristics of R D alliances.Through the theoretical lens that integrate both transaction cost economics(TCE) and the resource-based view(RBV),a model that focuses on six major factors is developed for determining governance structure choices,namely,technological uncertainty,cultural difference,asset specificity,technology complementarity,appropriability of the individual firm's know-how,and trust.An R D alliance with higher technological uncertainty,larger cultural differences,and greater concerns for protecting an individual's know-how is more likely to adopt non-integrated alliances as the governing structure.An R D alliance with a higher degree of asset-specificity,greater technology complementarity and greater trust among partnering organizations is more likely to adopt integrated alliances as the governing structure;an R D alliance in the face of lower technological uncertainty will tend to adopt integrated alliances.The more aligned the choice of the governance structure with its determinants,the better the R D alliance will perform,and vice versa.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.70671024)Annual Research Results in Zhejiang Federation of Humanities and Social Sciences Circles(No.08N40)
文摘Taking absorptive capacity effects on research spillovers into consideration, this paper focuses on the R&D investment decisions and the output decisions of labor-managed firms. Based on the general model of the cost-reducing R&D, the strategic interactions of output and R&D investment between labor-managed firms in a duopoly are analyzed. Moreover, the impact of absorptive capacity effects on optimal output in the production stage is discussed. In the R&D stage, the impacts of absorptive capacity effects on the equilibrium R&D investment in cooperative and non-cooperative R&D are analyzed. Finally, the R&D strategy of labor-managed firms is compared with the behavior of profit-maximizing firms. The results show that equilibrium R&D investment is always higher than that in the exogenous spillover rate, which is similar to the behavior of the profit-maximizing firms. However, unlike the profit-maximizing firms, the impact of the absorptive capacity that affects the relationship between the optimal output and its own(rival' s)R&D is shown to be dependent upon a return-to-scale of the production.