R-Parity Violation Effects on b_1 → bχ_1~0 in Minimal SupersymmetricStandard Model

We investigate in detail the effects of R-parity lepton number violation onthe decay b_1 → bχ_1~0 in the R-parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model (R_p-MSSM)under the present experimental constraints on R_p parameters. In our numerical calculations weconsider two cases of input parameters of the squark and slepton sectors, M_(squark) 【 M_(slepton)and M_(squark) 】 M_(slepton), for comparison. The results show that the relative R-parity violatingcorrection is not very sensitive to the mass of the lightest neutralino bχ_1~0 the degenerateR-parity violating coupling parameter λ′_2 but strongly depends on M_(squark), M_(slepton) tan βand tie degenerate R-parity violating coupling parameter λ′_1. The relative correction is about -4～ 3% and can exceed -6% in some region of parameter space. Therefore, precise experiment analyseson the decay b_1 → bχ_1~0 may provide a probe of the R-parity violation.

Effects of R-parity Violation on the Charged Higgs Boson Decays

We calculate one-loop R-parity-violating coupling corrections to theprocesses H~- → τv_τ and H~- → bt. We find that the corrections to the H~- → τv_τ decay modeare generally about 0.1%, and can be negligible. But the corrections to the H~- → bt decay mode canreach a few percent for the favored parameters.

AI-Based Helmet Violation Detection for Traffic Management System

Enhancing road safety globally is imperative,especially given the significant portion of traffic-related fatalities attributed to motorcycle accidents resulting from non-compliance with helmet regulations.Acknowledging the critical role of helmets in rider protection,this paper presents an innovative approach to helmet violation detection using deep learning methodologies.The primary innovation involves the adaptation of the PerspectiveNet architecture,transitioning from the original Res2Net to the more efficient EfficientNet v2 backbone,aimed at bolstering detection capabilities.Through rigorous optimization techniques and extensive experimentation utilizing the India driving dataset(IDD)for training and validation,the system demonstrates exceptional performance,achieving an impressive detection accuracy of 95.2%,surpassing existing benchmarks.Furthermore,the optimized PerspectiveNet model showcases reduced computational complexity,marking a significant stride in real-time helmet violation detection for enhanced traffic management and road safety measures.

Fermions: Spin, Hidden Variables, Violation of Bell’s Inequality and Quantum Entanglement

Using real fields instead of complex ones, it was recently claimed, that all fermions are made of pairs of coupled fields (strings) with an internal tension related to mutual attraction forces, related to Planck’s constant. Quantum mechanics is described with real fields and real operators. Schrodinger and Dirac equations then are solved. The solution to Dirac equation gives four, real, 2-vectors solutions ψ1=(U1D1)ψ2=(U2D2)ψ3=(U3D3)ψ4=(U4D4)where (ψ1,ψ4) are coupled via linear combinations to yield spin-up and spin-down fermions. Likewise, (ψ2,ψ3) are coupled via linear combinations to represent spin-up and spin-down anti-fermions. For an incoming entangled pair of fermions, the combined solution is Ψin=c1ψ1+c4ψ4where c1and c4are some hidden variables. By applying a magnetic field in +Z and +x the theoretical results of a triple Stern-Gerlach experiment are predicted correctly. Then, by repeating Bell’s and Mermin Gedanken experiment with three magnetic filters σθ, at three different inclination angles θ, the violation of Bell’s inequality is proven. It is shown that all fermions are in a mixed state of spins and the ratio between spin-up to spin-down depends on the hidden variables.

Determination of Liability for Violation of “Sexual Autonomy” and Compensation for Mental Damages

At the legislative level in China,there has been insufficient theoretical preparation to explicitly include“sexual autonomy”within the scope of general personality rights.In handling the increasing number of disputes related to violations of“sexual autonomy,”judicial biases have emerged during the trial process when courts determine the attribute of the right to“sexual autonomy.”This situation necessitates a clear legal analysis of the concept and attributes of“sexual autonomy”to establish its essential attribute as a personality right,and,from the perspective of legal doctrine,enable the justification of the right to“sexual autonomy”as either a general personality right or other personality interests,thereby providing theoretical support for courts to“adjudicate according to law.”By delineating and categorizing instances of violations of“sexual autonomy,”the constitutive elements and fundamental characteristics of such violations can be clarified.By examining the legal norms governing civil litigation and civil litigation associated with criminal cases concerning violations of“sexual autonomy,”the responsibility determination,remedies,and existing regulatory loopholes regarding violations of“sexual autonomy,”especially in cases involving both criminal and civil matters,can be defined.Based on this foundation,the legal basis,determination mechanism,and compensation standards for claiming compensation for mental damages resulting from violations of“sexual autonomy”can be elucidated.

A Study of Triangle Inequality Violations in Social Network Clustering

Clustering a social network is a process of grouping social actors into clusters where intra-cluster similarities among actors are higher than inter-cluster similarities. Clustering approaches, i.e. , k-medoids or hierarchical, use the distance function to measure the dissimilarities among actors. These distance functions need to fulfill various properties, including the triangle inequality (TI). However, in some cases, the triangle inequality might be violated, impacting the quality of the resulting clusters. With experiments, this paper explains how TI violates while performing traditional clustering techniques: k-medoids, hierarchical, DENGRAPH, and spectral clustering on social networks and how the violation of TI affects the quality of the resulting clusters.

Constraining Lorentz Invariance Violation Using Short Gamma-Ray Bursts

Lorentz Invariance is a foundational principle in modern physics, but some recent quantum gravity theories have hinted that it may be violated at extremely high energies. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) provide a promising tool for checking and constraining any deviations from Lorentz Invariance due to their huge energies and cosmological distances. Gamma-ray bursts, which are the most intense and powerful explosions in the universe, are traditionally divided into long bursts whose observed duration exceeds 2 s, and short bursts whose observed duration is less than 2 s. In this study, we employ a recent sample of 46 short GRBs to check for any deviation from Lorentz Invariance. We analyze the spectral lag of the bursts in our data sample and check for any redshift dependence in the GRB rest frame, which would indicate a violation of Lorentz Invariance. Our results are consistent, to within 1σ, with no deviation from Lorentz Invariance.

b→cτ■ decay in supersymmetry with R-parity violation

In past years,several hints of lepton flavor universality（LFU）violation have emerged from the b→ct■,and b→sl+l-data.More recently,the Belle Collaboration has reported the first measurement of the D* longitudinal polarization fraction in the B→D*τV decay.Motivated by this intriguing result,along with the recent measurements of RJ/Ψand τ polarization,we present the study of b→ct■ decays in supersymmetry（SUSY）with R-parity violation（RPV）.We consider B→D（*）t■,Bc→ηct■,Bc→J/ψt■ and ∧b→∧ct■ modes and focus on the branching ratios,LFU ratios,forward-backward asymmetries,polarizations of daughter hadrons,and the τ lepton.The RPV SUSY was capable of explaining the RD（*） anomalies at the 2σ level,after taking into account various flavor constraints.In the allowed parameter space,the differential branching fractions and LFU ratios are largely enhanced by the SUSY effects,especially in the large dilepton invariant mass region.Moreover,a lower bound B（B+→K+vv）>7.37×10-6 is obtained.These observables could provide testable signatures at the high-luminosity LHC and SuperKEKB,and correlate with direct searches for SUSY.

Single Chargino Production with R-Parity Lepton Number Violation in Photon-Photon Collisions

We examine the process γγ→ x+ - at photon-photon collider in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with R-parity violation,where all the one-loop diagrams are considered.We mainly discuss the effects of bilinear breaking terms,and conclude that their contributions may be important compared with trilinear terms.Our results show that the events of this process could be detectable at photon-photon colliders,if the values of the parameters are favorable.

The Equation for the CP Violating Phase for Quarks: The Rule for the Sum of Quark Oscillation Probabilities

By applying the rules for the sum of quark oscillation probabilities for the original CKM matrix and for Wolfenstein’s parameterization, equations were derived in which the CP violating phase for quarks appears as an unknown quantity. Quark oscillations occur in spaces that are on the femtometer scale and they are unmeasurable from the point of view of experiments. However, the consequence of those oscillations is the CP violating phase for quarks, which is measured through unitary triangles in Wolfenstein’s parameterization. Through the mathematical model presented in this paper, the equation in Wolfenstein’s parameterization was derived, the root of which is consistent with measurements in today’s quark physics.

Characteristics and risk of violation behavior of non-motorists at signalized intersections

Aiming at prevalent violations of non-motorists at urban intersections in China, this paper intends to clarify the characteristics and risks of non-motorist violations at signalized intersections through questionnaires and video recordings, which may serve as a basis for non-motorized vehicle management. It can help improve the traffic order and enhance the degree of safety at signalized intersections. To obtain the perception information, a questionaire survey on the Internet was conducted and 972 valid questionnaires were returned. It is found that academic degree contributes little to non-motorist violations, while electrical bicyclists have a relatively higher frequency of violations compared with bicyclists. The video data of 18 228 non-motorist behaviors indicate that the violation rate of all non-motorists is 26.5%; the number of conflicts reaches 1 938, among which violation conflicts account for 66.8%. The study shows that the violation rates and the violation behavior at three types of surveyed intersections are markedly different. It is also concluded that the conflict rates and the violation rates are positively correlated. Furthermore, signal violation, traveling in the wrong direction, and overspeeding to cross the intersection are the most dangerous among traffic violation behaviors.

The Violation of Cooperative Principle and English Teaching

The Violation of CP has closely related to English teaching.The violation of CP can be divided into two aspects—the unintentional violation and the intentional violation.The unintentional violation has some disadvantages to English teaching while the intentional violation of CP has some advantages.In this paper,I discussed the relation between the violation of CP and English teaching briefly and give some suggestions to English teachers.

On the Causes of the Violation of Cooperative Principle

Grice s Cooperative Principle places a great role in explaining how the human speech communication really does.Grice holds that the participants in a conversation should adhere to the Cooperative Principle.However,to our surprise,in actual speech communication,it is many phenomena of the violation of Cooperative Principle that there exist.In the light of Grice ' s Cooperative Principle,probing the causes of the violation of Cooperative Principle,the paper is to reveal some regular patterns of human language communication,to delve into the efficient models stimulating the development of a language,and to offer some research conclusions for promoting the tacit understanding of communication and the standardization of language.

CONSTRAINT VIOLATION STABILIZATION OF EULER-LAGRANGE EQUATIONS WITH NON-HOLONOMIC CONSTRAINTS

Two constraint violation stabilization methods are presented to solve the Euler Lagrange equations of motion of a multibody system with nonholonomic constraints. Compared to the previous works, the newly devised methods can deal with more complicated problems such as those with nonholonomic constraints or redundant constraints, and save the computation time. Finally a numerical simulation of a multibody system is conducted by using the methods given in this paper.

Frame length optimization for multi-antenna downlink systems based on delay-bound violation probability constraints

A flame length optimization scheme is proposed for multi-antenna downlink systems to guarantee diverse delay- bound violation probability constraints. Due to the difficulties of extracting the quality of service （QoS） metrics from the conventional physical-layer channel models, the link-layer models named effective bandwidth and effective capacity are applied to statistically characterize the source traffic patterns and the queuing service dynamics. With these link-layer models, the source traffic process and the channel service process are mapped to certain QoS parameters. The packet delay-bound violation probability constraints are converted into minimum data rate constraints and the optimization problem is thus formulated into simultaneous inequalities. With the assumption of ergodic block-fading channels, the optimal frame lengths of single-user and multiuser systems are calculated respectively by numerical iterative methods. Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that the given delay-bound violation probability constraints are well satisfied with the optimal frame length.

AN AUTOMATIC CONSTRAINT VIOLATION STABI- LIZATION METHOD FOR DIFFERENTIAL/ ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS OF MOTION IN MULTIBODY SYSTEM DYNAMICS

A new automatic constraint violation stabilization method for numerical integration of Euler_Lagrange equations of motion in dynamics of multibody systems is presented. The parameters α,β used in the traditional constraint violation stabilization method are determined according to the integration time step size and Taylor expansion method automatically. The direct integration method, the traditional constraint violation stabilization method and the new method presented in this paper are compared finally.

SVR-Miner:Mining Security Validation Rules and Detecting Violations in Large Software

For various reasons,many of the security programming rules applicable to specific software have not been recorded in official documents,and hence can hardly be employed by static analysis tools for detection.In this paper,we propose a new approach,named SVR-Miner(Security Validation Rules Miner),which uses frequent sequence mining technique [1-4] to automatically infer implicit security validation rules from large software code written in C programming language.Different from the past works in this area,SVR-Miner introduces three techniques which are sensitive thread,program slicing [5-7],and equivalent statements computing to improve the accuracy of rules.Experiments with the Linux Kernel demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.With the ten given sensitive threads,SVR-Miner automatically generated 17 security validation rules and detected 8 violations,5 of which were published by Linux Kernel Organization before we detected them.We have reported the other three to the Linux Kernel Organization recently.

eμ Production in R-Parity Violating Supersymmetric Model at Hadron Colliders

We investigate the lepton flavor violating productions pp/pp→eμ ＋ X in the framework of the R-parity violating （RPV） supersymmetric model at the Tevatron and the CERN large hadron collider （LHC）. We present the total cross sections including the next-to-leading order （NLO） QCD corrections and the contribution from gluon-gluon fusion subprocess. Our numerical results show that the one-loop QCD corrections significantly increase the tree-level cross sections, and the variation of K factor is in the range between 1.28 （1.32） and 1.79 （1.58） at the Tevatron （LHC）. We find that the QCD correction from the one-loop gluon-gluon fusion subprocess is remarkable at the LHC and should be taken into account.

Investigating the factors affecting traffic violations based on electronic enforcement data:A case study in Shangyu,China

To study the influencing factors of traffic violations,this study investigated the effects of vehicle attribution,day of week,time of day,location of traffic violations,and weather on traffic violations based on the electronic enforcement data and historical weather data obtained in Shangyu,China.Ten categories of traffic violations were determined from the raw data.Then,chi-square tests were used to analyze the relationship between traffic violations and the potential risk factors.Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to further estimate the effects of different risk factors on the likelihood of the occurrence of traffic violations.By analyzing the results of chi-square tests via SPSS,the five factors above were all determined as significant factors associated with traffic violations.The results of the multinomial logistic regression revealed the significant effects of the five factors on the likelihood of the occurrence of corresponding traffic violations.The conclusions are of great significance for the development of effective traffic intervention measures to reduce traffic violations and the improvement of road traffic safety.

The Top-Charm Associated Production Within the R-Parity Violating Supersymmetric Model in Photon-Proton Collisions

The top-charm associated production with the effects from both B- and L-violating interactions in TeVscale photon-proton collisions is investigated in the framework of Rp minimal supersymmetric standard model. Withinthe bounds on the relevant R-parity violating couplings, the total cross section will reach the order of 10 fb in some partsof the parameter space.