Luminescence regulation of Sb^(3+)in 0D hybrid metal halides by hydrogen bond network for optical anti-counterfeiting

The Sb^(3+) doping strategy has been proven to be an effective way to regulate the band gap and improve the photophysical properties of organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides(OIHMHs).However,the emission of Sb^(3+) ions in OIHMHs is primarily confined to the low energy region,resulting in yellow or red emissions.To date,there are few reports about green emission of Sb^(3+)-doped OIHMHs.Here,we present a novel approach for regulating the luminescence of Sb^(3+) ions in 0D C_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)InCl_(7)·H_(2)O via hydrogen bond network,in which water molecules act as agents for hydrogen bonding.Sb^(3+)-doped C_(10)H_(2)2N_(6)InCl_(7)·H_(2)O shows a broadband green emission peaking at 540 nm and a high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 80%.It is found that the intense green emission stems from the radiative recombination of the self-trapped excitons(STEs).Upon removal of water molecules with heat,C_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)In_(1-x)Sb_(x)Cl_(7) generates yellow emis-sion,attributed to the breaking of the hydrogen bond network and large structural distortions of excited state.Once water molecules are adsorbed by C_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)In_(1-x)Sb_(x)Cl_(7),it can subsequently emit green light.This water-induced reversible emission switching is successfully used for optical security and information encryption.Our findings expand the under-standing of how the local coordination structure influences the photophysical mechanism in Sb^(3+)-doped metal halides and provide a novel method to control the STEs emission.

High-resolution imaging of magnetic fields of banknote anti-counterfeiting strip using fiber diamond probe

Counterfeiting of modern banknotes poses a significant challenge,prompting the use of various preventive measures.One such measure is the magnetic anti-counterfeiting strip.However,due to its inherent weak magnetic properties,visualizing its magnetic distribution has been a longstanding challenge.In this work,we introduce an innovative method by using a fiber optic diamond probe,a highly sensitive quantum sensor designed specifically for detecting extremely weak magnetic fields.We employ this probe to achieve high-resolution imaging of the magnetic fields associated with the RMB 50denomination anti-counterfeiting strip.Additionally,we conduct computer simulations by using COMSOL Multiphysics software to deduce the potential geometric characteristics and material composition of the magnetic region within the anti-counterfeiting strip.The findings and method presented in this study hold broader significance,extending the RMB 50 denomination to various denominations of the Chinese currency and other items that employ magnetic anti-counterfeiting strips.These advances have the potential to significantly improve and promote security measures in order to prevent the banknotes from being counterfeited.

Water-sensitive multicolor luminescence in lanthanide-organic framework for anti-counterfeiting

The developme nt of high-level an ti-co un terfeiti ng tech niq ues is of great sig nifica nee in econo mics and security issues.However,i ntricate read ing methods are required to obta in multi-level info rmati on stored in differe nt colors,which greatly limits the applicati on of an ti-co un terfeit ing tech no logy on sol ving real world problems.Here in,we realize multicolor information anti-counterfeiting under simply external stimulation by utilizing the functional groups and multiple emission centers of lanthanide metal organic framework(Ln-MOFs)to tune luminescence color.Water responsive multicolor luminescence represented by both the tunable color from red to blue within the visible region and high sensitive responsivity has bee n achieved,owing to the in creased nonr adiative decay pathways and enhan ced Eu3+-to-liga nd en ergy back tra nsfer.Remarkably,i nfo rmatio n hidde n in differe nt colors n eeds to be read with a specific water content,which can be used as an en crypti on key to en sure the security of the info rmati on for high-level an ti-co un terfeiti ng.

RFID Anti-Counterfeiting for Retailing Systems

Counterfeiting is one of the most serious problems in the consumer market. One promising approach for anti-counterfeiting is to attach a low-cost Radio-frequency Identification (RFID) tag to the product authentication. In this paper, we propose an RFID system for detecting counterfeiting products. This RFID system consists of the tag authentication protocol and the database correction protocol. We use the tag authentication protocol for authenticating tags without revealing their sensitive information. This protocol also allows the customer to freely inquire the tag. To prevent the widespread of the counterfeit products, we use the tag status information along with tag identity information. Meanwhile, the database correction protocol guarantees the correctness of the tag status. Our anti-counterfeiting system is the first work considering the seller who plays an important role in the consumer product supply chain. Finally, we show that anti-counterfeiting system is quite secure against counterfeiting and the tag authentication protocol is lightweight enough to be implemented in RFID-based applications.

Identification of a Printed Anti-Counterfeiting Code Based on Feature Guidance Double Pool Attention Networks

The authenticity identification of anti-counterfeiting codes based on mobile phone platforms is affected by lighting environment,photographing habits,camera resolution and other factors,resulting in poor collection quality of anti-counterfeiting codes and weak differentiation of anti-counterfeiting codes for high-quality counterfeits.Developing an anticounterfeiting code authentication algorithm based on mobile phones is of great commercial value.Although the existing algorithms developed based on special equipment can effectively identify forged anti-counterfeiting codes,the anti-counterfeiting code identification scheme based on mobile phones is still in its infancy.To address the small differences in texture features,low response speed and excessively large deep learning models used in mobile phone anti-counterfeiting and identification scenarios,we propose a feature-guided double pool attention network(FG-DPANet)to solve the reprinting forgery problem of printing anti-counterfeiting codes.To address the slight differences in texture features in high-quality reprinted anti-counterfeiting codes,we propose a feature guidance algorithm that creatively combines the texture features and the inherent noise feature of the scanner and printer introduced in the reprinting process to identify anti-counterfeiting code authenticity.The introduction of noise features effectively makes up for the small texture difference of high-quality anti-counterfeiting codes.The double pool attention network(DPANet)is a lightweight double pool attention residual network.Under the condition of ensuring detection accuracy,DPANet can simplify the network structure as much as possible,improve the network reasoning speed,and run better on mobile devices with low computing power.We conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the FG-DPANet proposed in this paper.Experimental results show that the proposed FG-DPANet can resist highquality and small-size anti-counterfeiting code reprint forgery.By comparing with the existing algorithm based on texture,it is shown that the proposed method has a higher authentication accuracy.Last but not least,the proposed scheme has been evaluated in the anti-counterfeiting code blurring scene,and the results show that our proposed method can well resist slight blurring of anti-counterfeiting images.

GPS RMBS起算点偏差对定位影响的研究

GPS RMBS(Relative Moving Baseline System)在工程中有许多重要的应用,例如,远洋编队航行、舰载飞机着舰、编队飞行、空中加油等,但在RMBS中需要伪距单点定位来提供起算点。本文讨论了伪距单点实时定位的精度,由于其精度有限,导出了该起算偏差对定位影响的模型。通过实验,其实算结果表明:由伪距实时单点定位来作为起算点,无论对于基线长还是基线分量都有影响,并且对基线分量的影响大于总基线,但对于10km范围内,其影响仍可以满足cm级高精度的相对定位要求。

高精度GPS RMBS的设计与实现

RMBS(RelativeMovingBaselineSoftware)在工程中有许多重要的应用,例如,远洋编队航行、舰载飞机着舰、编队飞行、空中加油等。详细讨论RMBS的模型及算法,给出RMBS程序流程图,通过测试,其结果表明该软件达到厘米级精度。

后金融危机时代的RMBS和CDO信用评级制度变革路径分析——以信用评级机构政府运营为视角

次贷危机过后,人们总要对发生危机发生的原因进行反思,对信用评级机构监管规则的改进就是最值得反思的问题之一。面对各种各样的观点,我们认为相关的一些制度设计固然有其价值,但在目前的形势下难以奏效。所以,基于对上述路径设计的缺陷的分析,建议设立政府运营的信用评级机构这一模式,因为这一模式具有信息披露及时充分、避免了利益冲突、更有利于投资者利益保护和避免低质量评级的负外部性等优点。虽然该制度设计不是非常完美,但它却是一个相对较好的路径选择。

基于两因素期限结构模型的RMBS定价研究

在住房抵押贷款证券化的过程中,定价是住房抵押贷款支撑证券(residential mortgage-backed securitilization,RMBS)发行与交易的关键,也是其发行成功的前提.针对当前RMBS定价模型数据需求量大、求解复杂等问题,采用HJM利率期限结构方法,通过两因素、无套利利率期限结构模型,构造了零息债券收益率期限结构方程,并给出了参数估计方法;基于期权定价理论,利用随机规划技术,建立了RMBS的定价模型.该模型具有形式简单、易于求解等特点,而且对参数估计所需的历史数据并不严格要求有很长的年限,非常适合抵押贷款开展历史较短的国家.

RMB:Depreciating Internationally while Appreciating Externally

RMB has been depreciating internally while appreciating externally since 2002. This new monetary phenomenon, has been strengthened in the context that US dollar depreciates internationally and that domestic economy is overwhelmed with excessive liquidities. Certainly the monetary phenomenon is the reflection of the actual economy: continued trade surplus, triggered robustly by the export-driven economy, is bringing a huge amount of exchange reserve which accelerates sequentially the expansion of domestic money supply. Furthermore, a refrained appreciation of RMB tends to deteriorate the domestic inflation, which is not simply a traditional concept of CPI but a broad inflation parameter including a variety of asset prices. It's sure that the new phenomenon is becoming a new challenge to the macroeconomic equilibrium as well as the decision maker of monetary policy.

Liver Transplantation (in Chinese), revised edition, Edited by Shu-Sen Zheng. Pp843. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2012. ISBN: 978-7-117-15494-9/R.15495. ￥RMB 158

Liver Transplantation (in Chinese), revised edition, edited by Professor Shu-Sen Zheng and prefaced by Professor Guo-Wei Sang, has just been published. The revised edition is mainly based on the clinical practice of the Liver Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University and the experience

Using fuzzy neural networks for RMB/USD real exchange rate forecasting

In order to aim at improving the forecasting performance of the RMB/USD exchange rate, this paper proposes a new architecture of fuzzy neural networks based on fuzzy logic, and the method of point differential, which guarantees not only the direction of weight correction, but also the needed precision for the BP algorithm. In applying genetic algorithms for optimal performance, this approach, in the forecasting of the RMB/USD real exchange rate from 1994 to 2000, obviously outperforms typical BP Neural Networks and exhibits a higher capacity in regard to nonlinear, time-variablility, and illegibility of the exchange rate.

Nonlinear correlation between RMB internationalization and nonferrous metal prices

The correlation between Renminbi(RMB) internationalization and nonferrous metal prices was studied using the nonlinear Granger causality test and the dynamic conditional correlation-generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic(DCC-GARCH) model. The results indicate that the relationship between RMB internationalization and nonferrous metal prices reflects a complex nonlinear mechanism. There was no mutual influence between RMB internationalization and nonferrous metal prices prior to the trials of the RMB settlement in the cross-border trade in July 2009. Since then, however, a bidirectional causal relationship between RMB internationalization and the price of copper and a unidirectional causal relationship from the price of aluminum to RMB internationalization were examined. In addition, due to the impact of extreme events, such as economic and financial crises, RMB internationalization and nonferrous metal prices are not always positively correlated but are rather occasionally negatively correlated.

The Influence of Bond Market Opening in Trade Field on RMB Internationalization Foreign Exchange Rate

In order to verify that the open bond market is the most direct choice to promote the internationalization of RMB,the empirical analysis method is used to analyze the impact of bond liberalization on the internationalization of RMB foreign exchange rate.Firstly,the data source processing method of empirical analysis is introduced.Then the dynamic panel data regression model and panel threshold model are built to verify the influence factors of RMB internationalization foreign exchange rate and the influence of debt market opening on RMB foreign exchange rate,respectively.The results show that the opening of the creditor's rights market has a significant positive promoting effect on the internationalization of RMB foreign exchange rate,and the development of the domestic creditor's rights market has a significant promoting effect on the internationalization of RMB foreign exchange rate.The study has a certain role in promoting the status of China's currency in the international community.

Progress and Prospects of RMB Internationalization in Latin America

Promoting the internationalization of the RMB in Latin America is not only a requirement of the China-Latin American relationship and of China’s reform and opening-up policy in the financial sectors, but is also a strategic choice. With the support of internal, external and bilateral factors,China and Latin American countries have seen a lot progress in RMB trade settlement, investment, financing, and so on, yet Latin American countries’ willingness to use the RMB is still low, there is an obvious shortage of exchange mechanisms, and currency cooperation between them may face more obstacles as China-US competition intensifies. Under these circumstances, in order to further promote the internationalization of the RMB in Latin America, China should seize the opportunity of Latin America’s participation in the Belt and Road Initiative and their demand for currency diversification, as well as the friction between the US-Latin American relationship, start reducing the shortage of institutional exchange mechanisms, and plan for the RMB internationalization process in Latin America at a strategic level.

燕京投资1亿元RMB在佛山建厂

日前，燕京啤酒发布公告宣布，为了进一步实施燕京啤酒在全国市场的战略布局，燕京啤酒决定投资7500万元人民币与北京(企业)啤酒有限公司在广东佛山南海区合资设立广东燕京啤酒有限公司。

New Ideas for RMB Internationalization under the Belt and Road Initiative

President Xi Jinping put forward that, "China will further push the open economy to a higher level by enlarging its scale, expanding its area, and deepening its degree." This proposal provides new perspectives for RMB internationalization. The new path of RMB internationalization shall be achieved under the Belt and Road Initiative and be a new option that is di erent from the "Three-Stage Theory" and regional monetary cooperation. RMB internationalization can only be realized through a government-driven mode with Chinese characteristics which shows the fundamental di erence from the internationalization of other currencies such as the US Dollar, Euro and Japanese Yen. The Chinese government can realize the strategic objective of RMB internationalization through improving national governance, applying policies and tools for macroeconomic regulation, and implementing the Belt and Road Initiative, as well as the operation of its nancial industry, the Silk Road Fund(SRF), and that of regional banks like the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank(AIIB) and the BRICS New Development Bank(NDB). RMB internationalization is an important objective of China's political and economic development. Efforts must be made to steadily promote market-oriented reform of the RMB exchange rate and its forming mechanism, and reform of capital account convertibility so that RMB can become the leading global reserve currency. Meanwhile, China will also undertake more responsibilities as a major power for stable development of the international economy and nance.

RMB 1.82 trillion

The Ministry of Finance(MOF)said,in an online statement,that the combined profits of China’s SOEs rose 7.2% year-on-year to RMB 1.82 trillion(USD 264.5 billion)for the first six months of 2019.

Influence of RMB exchange rate fluctuation on urban-rural income from the perspective of transmission asymmetry

Based on time series data of RMB exchange rate and urban-rural income, this paper makes an empirical study for the influence of RMB exchange rate fluctuation on urban-rural income by utilizing rolling regression model through direct and indirect transmission mechanisms. According to the results, the transmission effect of RMB exchange rate fluctuation on urban-rural income has features of incompleteness and asymmetry. Moreover, RMB appreciation will help to reduce the urban-rural income gap. Therefore, this paper suggests that the Chinese economy should accelerate the course of transforming mode, adjusting structure and promoting development under the new normal. Meanwhile, reform of RMB exchange rate mechanism should be promoted, living standard of residents must be improved, and the urban-rural income gap should be reduced.

Field-Deployable Raman Anti-Counterfeit Screening of Tamiflu Capsules

In an effort to promote the availability of safe and effective drugs, the US Food and Drug Administration is developing spectroscopic methods to assess the quality of drugs in the field. Here we report a rapid screening classification method for Tamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate) capsules using a portable Raman spectrometer to perform screening on three solid oral dosage strengths of Tamiflu, 30 mg, 45 mg and 75 mg. Tamiflu is an antiviral drug that is stockpiled for use in the event of pandemic influenza outbreak. The qualitative classification methods reported were developed using the Raman spectra of intact capsules. The classification algorithms used were able to reliably distinguish the three dosage strengths of Tamiflu. These qualitative models are validated with additional Tamiflu samples from different batches and simulated counterfeits of Tamiflu. The probability that a test sample belongs to each dosage strength class is calculated, and strict class predictions are used to assign each sample to a particular class. The classification methods reported here enable development of user-independent, field-deployable methods for finished drug products and are able to correctly assign 92% of the validation samples using authentic Tamiflu and 100% of the simulated counterfeits.