Micro RNA-124(mi R-124) is abundantly expressed in neurons in the mammalian central nervous system, and plays critical roles in the regulation of gene expression during embryonic neurogenesis and postnatal neural di...Micro RNA-124(mi R-124) is abundantly expressed in neurons in the mammalian central nervous system, and plays critical roles in the regulation of gene expression during embryonic neurogenesis and postnatal neural differentiation. However, the expression profile of mi R-124 after spinal cord injury and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. In the present study, we examined the expression of mi R-124 in mouse brain and spinal cord after spinal cord injury using in situ hybridization. Furthermore, the expression of mi R-124 was examined with quantitative RT-PCR at 1, 3 and 7 days after spinal cord injury. The mi R-124 expression in neurons at the site of injury was evaluated by in situ hybridization combined with Neu N immunohistochemical staining. The mi R-124 was mainly expressed in neurons throughout the brain and spinal cord. The expression of mi R-124 in neurons significantly decreased within 7 days after spinal cord injury. Some of the neurons in the peri-lesion area were Neu N+/mi R-124-. Moreover, the neurons distal to the peri-lesion site were Neu N+/mi R-124+. These findings indicate that mi R-124 expression in neurons is reduced after spinal cord injury, and may reflect the severity of spinal cord injury.展开更多
Aminoacyl-t RNA synthetases(Amino ARSs) are essential enzymes that perform the first step of protein synthesis. Beyond their original roles, Amino ARSs possess non-canonical functions, such as cell cycle regulation ...Aminoacyl-t RNA synthetases(Amino ARSs) are essential enzymes that perform the first step of protein synthesis. Beyond their original roles, Amino ARSs possess non-canonical functions, such as cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. Therefore, Amino ARSs represent a powerful pharmaceutical target if their non-canonical functions can be controlled. Using Amino ARSs-specific primers, we screened m RNA expression in the spinal cord dorsal horn of rats with peripheral nerve injury created by sciatic nerve axotomy. Of 20 Amino ARSs, we found that phenylalanyl-t RNA synthetase beta chain(FARSB), isoleucyl-t RNA synthetase(IARS) and methionyl-t RNA synthetase(MARS) m RNA expression was increased in spinal dorsal horn neurons on the injured side, but not in glial cells. These findings suggest the possibility that FARSB, IARS and MARS, as a neurotransmitter, may transfer abnormal sensory signals after peripheral nerve damage and become a new target for drug treatment.展开更多
Cell-wall invertase plays an important role in sucrose partitioning between source and sink organs in higher plants. To investigate the role of cell-wall invertases for seed development in rice (Oryza sativa L.), cD...Cell-wall invertase plays an important role in sucrose partitioning between source and sink organs in higher plants. To investigate the role of cell-wall invertases for seed development in rice (Oryza sativa L.), cDNAs of three putative cell- wall invertase genes OsCIN1, OsCIN2 and OsCIN3 were isolated. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed different expression patterns of the three genes in various rice tissues/organs. In developing caryopses, they exhibited similar temporal expression patterns, expressed highly at the early and middle grain filling stages and gradually declined to low levels afterward. However, the spatial expression patterns of them were very different, with OsCIN1 primarily expressed in the caryopsis coat, OsCIN2 in embryo and endosperm, and OsCIN3 in embryo. Further RNA in situ hybridization analysis revealed that a strong signal of OsCIN2 mRNA was detected in the vascular parenchyma surrounding the xylem of the chalazal vein and the aleurone layer, whereas OsCIN3 transcript was strongly detected in the vascular parenchyma surrounding the phloem of the chalazal vein, cross-cells, the aleurone layer and the nuceUar tissue. These data indicate that the three cell-wall invertase genes play complementary/synergetic roles in assimilate unloading during the grain filling stage. In addition, the cell type-specific expression patterns of OsCIN3 in source leaf blades and anthers were also investigated, and its corresponding physiological roles were discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81371364
文摘Micro RNA-124(mi R-124) is abundantly expressed in neurons in the mammalian central nervous system, and plays critical roles in the regulation of gene expression during embryonic neurogenesis and postnatal neural differentiation. However, the expression profile of mi R-124 after spinal cord injury and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. In the present study, we examined the expression of mi R-124 in mouse brain and spinal cord after spinal cord injury using in situ hybridization. Furthermore, the expression of mi R-124 was examined with quantitative RT-PCR at 1, 3 and 7 days after spinal cord injury. The mi R-124 expression in neurons at the site of injury was evaluated by in situ hybridization combined with Neu N immunohistochemical staining. The mi R-124 was mainly expressed in neurons throughout the brain and spinal cord. The expression of mi R-124 in neurons significantly decreased within 7 days after spinal cord injury. Some of the neurons in the peri-lesion area were Neu N+/mi R-124-. Moreover, the neurons distal to the peri-lesion site were Neu N+/mi R-124+. These findings indicate that mi R-124 expression in neurons is reduced after spinal cord injury, and may reflect the severity of spinal cord injury.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning(2015R1A2A2A01002735 to JJ2015R1C1A1A02036863 to NYJ)
文摘Aminoacyl-t RNA synthetases(Amino ARSs) are essential enzymes that perform the first step of protein synthesis. Beyond their original roles, Amino ARSs possess non-canonical functions, such as cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. Therefore, Amino ARSs represent a powerful pharmaceutical target if their non-canonical functions can be controlled. Using Amino ARSs-specific primers, we screened m RNA expression in the spinal cord dorsal horn of rats with peripheral nerve injury created by sciatic nerve axotomy. Of 20 Amino ARSs, we found that phenylalanyl-t RNA synthetase beta chain(FARSB), isoleucyl-t RNA synthetase(IARS) and methionyl-t RNA synthetase(MARS) m RNA expression was increased in spinal dorsal horn neurons on the injured side, but not in glial cells. These findings suggest the possibility that FARSB, IARS and MARS, as a neurotransmitter, may transfer abnormal sensory signals after peripheral nerve damage and become a new target for drug treatment.
基金the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan ofChina (2004CB720406)the Innovation Foundation of the Chinese Academyof Sciences (KSCX2-SW-306 and KSCX1-SW-03)the Program for Strategic Scientific Alliances between China and the Netherlands (KNAW-PSA, 04-PSA-BD-04 for P.B.F.O., KNAW-CEP and 04CDP022 for Y.X.)
文摘Cell-wall invertase plays an important role in sucrose partitioning between source and sink organs in higher plants. To investigate the role of cell-wall invertases for seed development in rice (Oryza sativa L.), cDNAs of three putative cell- wall invertase genes OsCIN1, OsCIN2 and OsCIN3 were isolated. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed different expression patterns of the three genes in various rice tissues/organs. In developing caryopses, they exhibited similar temporal expression patterns, expressed highly at the early and middle grain filling stages and gradually declined to low levels afterward. However, the spatial expression patterns of them were very different, with OsCIN1 primarily expressed in the caryopsis coat, OsCIN2 in embryo and endosperm, and OsCIN3 in embryo. Further RNA in situ hybridization analysis revealed that a strong signal of OsCIN2 mRNA was detected in the vascular parenchyma surrounding the xylem of the chalazal vein and the aleurone layer, whereas OsCIN3 transcript was strongly detected in the vascular parenchyma surrounding the phloem of the chalazal vein, cross-cells, the aleurone layer and the nuceUar tissue. These data indicate that the three cell-wall invertase genes play complementary/synergetic roles in assimilate unloading during the grain filling stage. In addition, the cell type-specific expression patterns of OsCIN3 in source leaf blades and anthers were also investigated, and its corresponding physiological roles were discussed.