The hydrodynamic forces and flow field of artificial reef models in steady flow were numerically investigated using the RNG κ-ε turbulent model. The numerical simulation results are consistent with results observed ...The hydrodynamic forces and flow field of artificial reef models in steady flow were numerically investigated using the RNG κ-ε turbulent model. The numerical simulation results are consistent with results observed by experimental means. A comparative study indicates that the corresponding errors of forces between calculated values and values observed in the experiment vary in the range of2.3%-11.2% and that the corresponding errors of velocities vary in the range of 1.3%-15.8%. The flow field numerical results show that upstream and vortices exist when the current passes over and through the surface of the reef model. This study suggests that the numerical simulation method can be applied to predict the forces and flow field associated with artificial reefs.展开更多
A 3-D numerical model for calculating flow in non-curvilinear coordinates was established in this article. The flow was simulated by solving the full Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the RNG κ-ε turbul...A 3-D numerical model for calculating flow in non-curvilinear coordinates was established in this article. The flow was simulated by solving the full Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the RNG κ-ε turbulence model. In the horizontal x-y-plane, a boundary-fitted curvilinear co-ordinate system was adopted, while in the vertical direction, a σ co-ordinate transformation was used to represent the free surface and bed topography. The water level was determined by solving the 2-D Poisson equation derived from 2-D depth averaged momentum equations. The finite-volume method was used to discretize the equations and the SIMPLEC algorithm was applied to acquire the coupling of velocity and pressure. This model was applied to simulate the meandering channels and natural rivers, and the water levels and the velocities for all sections were given. By contrasting and analyzing, the agreement with measurements is generally good. The feasibility studies of simulating flow of the natural fiver have been conducted to demonstrate its applicability to hydraulic engineering research.展开更多
A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics （CFD） model for gas flow through a serrated valve tray was presented. The flow field, as well as the dry-pressure drop of the valve under the full-opening condition w...A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics （CFD） model for gas flow through a serrated valve tray was presented. The flow field, as well as the dry-pressure drop of the valve under the full-opening condition was simulated based on the proposed model by using FLUENT 6.0 software. Compared with the values of dry-pressure dro.p in different turbulent models, the.simulated.results using RNG κ-ε model are in reasonable agreement with experimental data, indicating that RNG κ-ε model is suitable in simulating gas flow through the serrated valve tray. Then the CFD model combining RNG κ-ε model was used to study the three-dimensional gas flow through the considered serrated valve tray. The simulated results showed that various eddies existed on the serrated valve tray, and both the eddy and the non-eddy areas were nearly equal. The existence of addendum can decrease the eddy area caused by gas passing through the lateral outlet slots. The size of eddies can be reduced by optimizing the distance between valves.展开更多
The Renormalization Group （RNG） k- ε turbulence model and Volume of Fluid （VOF） method were employed to simulate the flow past a circular duct in order to obtain and analyze hydraulic parameters. According to var...The Renormalization Group （RNG） k- ε turbulence model and Volume of Fluid （VOF） method were employed to simulate the flow past a circular duct in order to obtain and analyze hydraulic parameters. According to various upper and bottom gap ratios, the force on the duct was calculated. When the bottom gap ratio is 0, the drag force coefficient, lift force coefficient, and composite force reach their maximum values, and the azimuth reaches its minimum. With an increase of the bottom gap ratio from 0 to 1, the drag force coefficient and composite force decrease sharply, and the lift force coefficient does not decreases so much, but the azimuth increases dramatically. With a continuous increase of the bottom gap ratio from 1 upward, the drag force coefficient, lift force coefficient, composite force, and azimuth vary little. Thus, the bottom gap ratio is the key factor influencing the force on the circular duct. When the bottom gap ratio is less than 1, the upper gap ratio has a remarkable influence on the force of the circular duct. When the bottom gap ratio is greater than 1, the variation of the upper gap ratio has little influence on the force of the circular duct.展开更多
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Programs)(No.2006AA100301)Science and Technology Development Program of Shandong Province(No.2005GG3205102)
文摘The hydrodynamic forces and flow field of artificial reef models in steady flow were numerically investigated using the RNG κ-ε turbulent model. The numerical simulation results are consistent with results observed by experimental means. A comparative study indicates that the corresponding errors of forces between calculated values and values observed in the experiment vary in the range of2.3%-11.2% and that the corresponding errors of velocities vary in the range of 1.3%-15.8%. The flow field numerical results show that upstream and vortices exist when the current passes over and through the surface of the reef model. This study suggests that the numerical simulation method can be applied to predict the forces and flow field associated with artificial reefs.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Grant No. 2006CB403302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50779006)the Natural Science Foundation of LiaoningProvince (Grant No. 20062170)
文摘A 3-D numerical model for calculating flow in non-curvilinear coordinates was established in this article. The flow was simulated by solving the full Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the RNG κ-ε turbulence model. In the horizontal x-y-plane, a boundary-fitted curvilinear co-ordinate system was adopted, while in the vertical direction, a σ co-ordinate transformation was used to represent the free surface and bed topography. The water level was determined by solving the 2-D Poisson equation derived from 2-D depth averaged momentum equations. The finite-volume method was used to discretize the equations and the SIMPLEC algorithm was applied to acquire the coupling of velocity and pressure. This model was applied to simulate the meandering channels and natural rivers, and the water levels and the velocities for all sections were given. By contrasting and analyzing, the agreement with measurements is generally good. The feasibility studies of simulating flow of the natural fiver have been conducted to demonstrate its applicability to hydraulic engineering research.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （Y404052）.
文摘A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics （CFD） model for gas flow through a serrated valve tray was presented. The flow field, as well as the dry-pressure drop of the valve under the full-opening condition was simulated based on the proposed model by using FLUENT 6.0 software. Compared with the values of dry-pressure dro.p in different turbulent models, the.simulated.results using RNG κ-ε model are in reasonable agreement with experimental data, indicating that RNG κ-ε model is suitable in simulating gas flow through the serrated valve tray. Then the CFD model combining RNG κ-ε model was used to study the three-dimensional gas flow through the considered serrated valve tray. The simulated results showed that various eddies existed on the serrated valve tray, and both the eddy and the non-eddy areas were nearly equal. The existence of addendum can decrease the eddy area caused by gas passing through the lateral outlet slots. The size of eddies can be reduced by optimizing the distance between valves.
基金supported by the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.ZR2009FQ003)
文摘The Renormalization Group （RNG） k- ε turbulence model and Volume of Fluid （VOF） method were employed to simulate the flow past a circular duct in order to obtain and analyze hydraulic parameters. According to various upper and bottom gap ratios, the force on the duct was calculated. When the bottom gap ratio is 0, the drag force coefficient, lift force coefficient, and composite force reach their maximum values, and the azimuth reaches its minimum. With an increase of the bottom gap ratio from 0 to 1, the drag force coefficient and composite force decrease sharply, and the lift force coefficient does not decreases so much, but the azimuth increases dramatically. With a continuous increase of the bottom gap ratio from 1 upward, the drag force coefficient, lift force coefficient, composite force, and azimuth vary little. Thus, the bottom gap ratio is the key factor influencing the force on the circular duct. When the bottom gap ratio is less than 1, the upper gap ratio has a remarkable influence on the force of the circular duct. When the bottom gap ratio is greater than 1, the variation of the upper gap ratio has little influence on the force of the circular duct.
