Characteristics of liver on magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging:Dynamic and image pathological investigation in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM： To investigate dynamical and image pathological characteristics of the liver on magnetic resonance （MR） diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI） in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model. METHODS： Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and VX-2 tumor piece was implanted intrahepatically. Fifteen animals received two intrahepatic implantations while 25 had one intrahepatical implantation. DWI, T1- and T2-weighted of magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） were carried out on the 7th and the 14th d after implantation and DWI was conducted, respectively on the 21th d. Ten VX-2 tumor samples were studied pathologically. RESULTS： The rate of lump detected by DWI, TlWI and T2WI was 78.7%, 10.7% and 53.5% （X^2 =32.61, P 〈 0.001） on the 7th d after implantation and 95.8%, 54.3% and 82.9% （X^2 = 21.50, P 〈 0.001） on the 14th d. The signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI was uniform and it was equal diffusion coefficient （ADC）. did not decrease on the 7th on the map of apparent The signal of VX tumors d after implantation, most of them slowly growing during the week following implantation without significant cell dying within the tumor. VX-2 tumors grew increasingly within 14 d after implantation but the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uniform or uneven and ADC of VX tumors decreased obscurely or slightly because tumor necrosis was still not obvious. On the 21th d after implantation, the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uneven because tumor necrosis was evident and ADC of VX-2 tumor necrotic areas decreased. The areas of viable cells in VX-2 tumors manifested a high signal on DWI and a low signal on the map of ADC. The areas of dead cells or necrosis in VX-2 tumors manifested low signals on DWI and low, equal or high signals on the map of ADC but they manifested high signals on DWI and on the map of ADC at the same time when the areas of necrotic tumor became liquefied or cystic. The border of tumors on DWI appeared gradually distinct and internal signals of tumor became progressively uneven. CONCLUSION： The manifestations of viable, necrotic and liquefied or cystic areas in VX-2 tumors on DWI are typical and DWI is of significant and potential values in clinical application in both the early detection and diagnosis of liver tumors.

Role of MR-DWI and MR-PWI in the radiotherapy of implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma in rabbits

Objective： To detect the activity of tumor cells and tumor blood flow before and after the radiotherapy of implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma in rabbit models by using magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging（MR-DWI） and magnetic resonance perfusion weighted imaging（MR-PWI）, and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the radiotherapy based on the changes in the MR-DWI and MR-PWI parameters at different treatment stages.Methods： A total of 56 rabbit models with implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma were established, and then equally divided into treatment group and control group. MR-DWI and MR-PWI were separately performed using a Philips Acheiva 1.5T MRI machine（Philips, Netherland）. MRI image processing was performed using special perfusion software and the WORKSPACE advanced workstation for MRI. MRDWI was applied for the observation of tumor signals and the measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient（ADC） values; whereas MR-PWI was used for the measurement of wash in rate（WIR）, wash out rate（WOR）, and maximum enhancement rate（MER）. The radiation treatment was performed using Siemens PRIMUS linear accelerator. In the treatment group, the radiotherapy was performed 21 days later on a once weekly dosage of 1,000 c Gy to yield a total dosage of 5,000 c Gy.Results： The ADC parameters in the region of interest on DWI were as follows： on the treatment day for the implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma, the t values at the center and the edge of the lesions were 1.352 and 1.461 in the treatment group and control group（P〉0.05）. During weeks 0-1 after treatment, the t values at the center and the edge of the lesions were 1.336 and 1.137（P〉0.05）. During weeks 1-2, the t values were 1.731 and 1.736（P〈0.05）. During weeks 2-3, the t values were 1.742 and 1.749（P〈0.05）. During weeks 3-4, the t values were 2.050 and 2.127（P〈0.05）. During weeks 4-5, the t values were 2.764 and 2.985（P〈0.05）. The ADC values in the treatment group were significantly higher than in the control group. After the radiotherapy（5,000 c Gy）, the tumors remarkably shrank, along with low signal on DWI, decreased signal on ADC map, and remarkably increased ADC values. As shown on PWI, on the treatment day for the implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 1.05, 1.31, and 1.33 in the treatment group and control group（P〉0.05）; in addition, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 1.35, 1.07, and 1.51（P〉0.05）. During weeks 0-1 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 1.821, 1.856, and 1.931（P〈0.05）; in addition, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 1.799, 2.016, and 2.137（P〈0.05）. During weeks 1-1 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.574, 2.156, and 2.059（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 1.869, 2.058, and 2.057（P〈0.05）. During weeks 2-3 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.461, 2.098, and 2.739（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 2.951, 2.625, and 2.154（P〈0.05）. During weeks 3-4 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.584, 2.107, and 2.869（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 2.057, 2.637, and 2.951（P〈0.05）. During weeks 4-5 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.894, 2.827, and 3.285（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, andMER at the edge of the lesions were 3.45, 3.246, and 3.614（P〈0.05）. After the radiotherapy（500 c Gy）, the tumors shrank on the T1 WI, WIR, WOR, and MER; meanwhile, the PWI parameter gradually decreased and reached its minimum value.Conclusions： MR-DWI and MR-PWI can accurately and directly reflect the inactivation of tumor cells and the tumor hemodynamics in rabbit models with implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma, and thus provide theoretical evidences for judging the clinical effectiveness of radiotherapy for the squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Gene expression and MR diffusion-weighted imaging after chemoembolization in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM: To investigate the dynamic characteristics and the correlation between PCNA, Bax, nm23, E-cadherin expression and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) after chemoembolization in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model. METHODS: Forty New Zealand rabbit liver VX-2 tumor models were included in the study. DWI was carried out periodically after chemoembolization. All VX-2 tumor samples in each group were examined by histopathology and Strept Avidin-Biotin Complex (SABC) immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The PCNA expression index in VX-2 tumors was higher than in the normal parenchyma around the tumor (P < 0.001). Nm23, Bax or E-caderin expression index in VX-2 tumors were lower than in the normal parenchyma around the tumor (all P < 0.001). PCNAand nm23 expression in the VX-2 tumor periphery first increased and then decreased (P < 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively), while the expression of Bax and E-cadherin before and after chemoembolization was insignificant. When b-value was 100 s/mm2, there was a linear correlation between PCNA expression and ADC in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery (P < 0.001), and PCNA expression in VX-2 tumor periphery influenced the ADC. CONCLUSION: The potential of VX-2 tumor infiltrating and metastasizing decreases, while its ability to proliferate increases for a short time after chemoembolization. To some degree, the ADC value indirectly reflects the proliferation of VX-2 tumor cells.

Characteristics and pathological mechanism on magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging after chemoembolization in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM: To investigate dynamic characteristics and pathological mechanism of signal in rabbit VX-2 tumor model on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) after chemoembolization. METHODS: Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and forty-seven rabbit VX-2 tumor models were raised by implanting directly and intrahepatically after abdominal cavity opened. Forty VX-2 tumor models from them were divided into four groups. DWI was performed periodically and respectively for each group after chemoembolization. All VX-2 tumor samples of each group were studied by pathology. The distinction of VX-2 tumors on DWI was assessed by their apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The statistical significance between different time groups, different area groups or different b-value groups was calculated by using SPSS12.0 software. RESULTS: Under b-value of 100 s/mm2, ADC values were lowest at 16 h after chemoembolization in area of VX-2 tumor periphery, central, and normal liver parenchyma around tumor, but turned to increase with further elongation of chemoembolization treatment. The distinction of ADC between different time groups was significant respectively (F = 7.325, P < 0.001; F = 2.496, P < 0.048; F = 6.856, P < 0.001). Cellular edema in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery or normal liver parenchyma around tumor, increased quickly in sixteen h after chemoembolization but, from the 16th h to the 48th h, cellular edema in the area of normal liver parenchyma around tumor decreased gradually and that in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery decreased lightly at, and then increased continually. After chemoembolization, Cellular necrosis in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery was more significantly high than that before chemoembolization. The areas of dead cells in VX-2 tumors manifested low signal and high ADC value, while the areas of viable cells manifested high signal and low ADC value. CONCLUSION: DWI is able to detect and differentiate tumor necrotic areas from viable cellular areas before and after chemoembolization. ADC of normal liver parenchyma and VX-2 tumor are influenced by intracellular edema, tissue cellular death and microcirculation disturbance after chemoembolization.

MR diffusion-weighted imaging of rabbit liver VX-2 tumor

AIM: To investigate the implanting method of rabbit liver VX-2 tumor and its MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) characteristics. METHODS: Thirty-five New Zealand rabbits were included in the study. VX-2 tumor was implanted subcutaneously in 14 rabbits and intrahepatically in 6 for pre-experiments. VX-2 tumor was implanted intrahepatically in 12 rabbits for experiment and three were used as the control group. DWI, T1- and T2-weighted of MRI were performed periodically in 15 rabbits for experiment before and after implantation. The distinction of VX-2 tumors on DWI was assessed by their apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The statistical significance was calculated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the randomized block design using SPSS10.0 software. RESULTS: The successful rate of subcutaneous implantation of VX-2 tumor was 29% (4/14) while that of intrahepatic implantation of it was 33% (2/6) in the preexperiment. The successful rate of intrahepatic implantation of VX-2 tumor in the experiment was 83% (10/12) and 15 tumors grew in 10 successfully implanted rabbits. The DWI signal of VX-2 tumor was high and became lower when the b value increased step by step. The signal of VX-2 tumor on the map of ADC was low. When the b value was 100 or 300 s/mm2, the ADC value of normal group and VX-2 tumor group was respectively 2.57±0.26, 1.73±0.31, 1.87±0.25 and 1.57±0.23 mm2/s. Their distinction was significant (F= 43.26, P<0.01), the tumor ADC value between b values 100 and 300 s/mm2 was significant (Tukey HSP,P<0.05) and the ADC value between VX-2 tumor and normal liver was also significant (Tukey HSP, P<0.01). VX-2 tumor developed quickly and metastasized early to all body, especially to the lung, liver, lymph nodes of mediastinum, etc. CONCLUSION: The DWI signal of rabbit VX-2 tumor has its characteristics on MR DWI and DWI plays an important role in diagnosing and discovering VX-2 tumor.

兔Vx-2移植性肝癌模型的建立及其影像学表现

目的 用 3种不同植瘤方式建立稳定的兔Vx 2移植性肝癌模型 ,分析移植性肝肿瘤的DSA影像特征。方法 6 0只新西兰白兔随机分成 3组 ,每组 2 0只。第 1组 ,将Vx 2瘤细胞 (约 5× 10 7个 )经肝动脉灌注入兔的肝脏 ;第 2组 ,将Vx 2瘤细胞 (约 5× 10 7个 )经剖腹途径接种于兔的肝左叶 ;第3组 ,将瘤组织块 (约含 10 6～ 10 8个瘤细胞 )经剖腹途径植入兔肝左叶。之后 ,对 3组兔比较观察 :1.不同方式植瘤的成活率 ;2 .肝内肿瘤体积变化和肿瘤生长率 ;3.大体及镜下 (光镜和电镜 )瘤组织形态特征 ;4 .成熟模型的DSA表现。结果 1.3组植瘤成活率分别为 7/ 2 0、10 / 2 0、19/ 2 0 ,第 3组植瘤成活率最高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其瘤体呈指数性生长 ;2 .病理学及CT表明该瘤在肝组织中呈浸润式生长 ,其性状与移植于兔其它部位的Vx 2鳞状细胞癌特征相似 ;3.DSA影像示移植性肝肿瘤具有丰富的血供。结论 成功建立了兔Vx 2移植性肝癌模型 ,瘤组织块种植方式成功率明显高于其他两种方法 。

兔肝Vx-2移植癌改良模型的建立

目的 建立稳定的兔Vx 2移植性肝癌模型 ,探讨不同植瘤方式的成功率。方法 将 60只新西兰白兔随机分 3组 ,每组 2 0只。观察 :①不同方式的成活率 ;②B超监测肿瘤生长 ,并计算肿瘤生长率 ;③瘤组织形态特征。结果 ①改良组植瘤成活率最高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,瘤体呈指数性生长 ;②该瘤在肝组织中呈浸润式生长 ,其性状与移植于兔其他部位的Vx 2鳞状细胞癌特征相似。结论 成功建立了兔Vx 2移植性肝癌模型 ,瘤组织块种植方式成功率明显高于其他方法。

兔肝Vx-2移植癌改良模型的建立

目的 培养、建立稳定的兔肝 ＶＸ－２移植癌模型，探讨不同植瘤方式的成功率。方法 ６０只新西兰白兔随机分 ３组，每组 ２０只。分别以不同的方式将 Ｖｘ－２瘤细胞植入兔的肝脏。观察：１．不同方式植瘤的成活率；２．Ｂ超测定肝内肿瘤 ７ｄ、１０ｄ、１４ｄ、１７ｄ、２１ｄ时的大小，并计算肿瘤生长率；３．大体及镜下（光镜和电镜）瘤组织形态特征。结果 １．三组植瘤成活率分别为 ７／２０、１０／２０、１９／２０，改良组植瘤成活率最高（Ｐ＜０．０５），瘤体呈指数性生长；２．病理学及ＣＴ表明该瘤在肝组织中呈浸润式生长，其性状与移植于兔其它部位的Ｖｘ－２鳞状细胞癌特征相似。结论 成功建立了兔肝Ｖｘ－２移植癌模型，瘤组织块种植方式成功率明显高于其它两组方式，为肝癌介入治疗的基础及临床研究，提供了成熟的大型实验动物模型。

兔舌不同部位VX-2鳞癌与颈淋巴结转移模型的生物学特性

目的:制作兔舌不同部位VX-2鳞癌和颈淋巴结转移模型,并对其生物学特性进行研究,为舌癌多学科治疗提供研究平台。方法:将新西兰白兔20只,随机分为4组,每组5只,分别植入VX-2鳞癌瘤块。观察瘤块植入后肿瘤生长、体积变化、成瘤率、颈淋巴结转移率、转移的部位、数目以及兔生存期等指标。数据采用SPSS11.5软件包进行游程检验、独立样本t检验和χ2检验。结果:总成瘤率75%,其中舌缘80%,舌中线区70%,颈淋巴结转移率均70%,舌缘转移至同侧颈淋巴结,舌中线区转移至双侧颈淋巴结。平均生存期为舌缘(33.25±6.20)d,舌中线区(39.00±3.74)d。各区间无统计学意义(P>0.05),舌癌和颈部转移淋巴结均为低分化鳞癌。结论:瘤块移植法能成功制作不同部位兔舌VX-2鳞癌模型,成瘤率和转移率均较高,生存期为4～6周。其生物学特性与人舌癌基本一致,生长迅速,容易转移,是研究舌癌较理想的动物模型。

B超引导瘤块移植法建立兔肾Vx-2移植癌模型

目的 探讨建立兔肾Vx 2移植瘤模型 ,并观察其成功率、病理学和影像学 (DSA)表现 ,为介入实验研究提供大型动物肾肿瘤模型。方法 10只新西兰白兔 ,B超引导下将瘤组织块 (约含 10 6～ 10 8个瘤细胞 )经皮穿刺注入左肾下极。观察移植成功率、肿瘤生长率、瘤组织形态学、影像学表现。结果 1.植瘤成活率 8/ 10 ,10、14、17、2 1d生长率依次为 2 2 1.2 %、84 .6 %、4 4 .5 %、38.6 % ;2 .病理学表明该瘤为实体瘤 ,在肾组织中呈浸润式生长 ;3.DSA影像示移植性肾肿瘤具有丰富的血供 ,呈实体瘤表现。结论 B超引导瘤块移植方式成功建立了兔肾Vx 2移植癌模型 ,为实体瘤介入治疗的实验研究提供了容易复制的大型动物模型。

建立兔移植性Vx-2肝癌模型的改进

目的 建立Vx 2兔移植性肝癌改良模型。方法 将Vx 2瘤粒经剖腹直接种植于肝实质内 ,依观察时间不同分成 3组 ,每组 10只 ,种植后分别观察 2、3、4周 ,对比观察其病理形态学和影像学表现。结果 15只种植成功 ,种植 2周组各项观察指标最为满意。结论 以瘤粒肝内种植方式、2周后可成功建立Vx 2兔移植性肝癌模型。

高温与阿霉素对兔VX-2细胞的协同作用

以体外长期培养的兔VX－2细胞为靶细胞，采用水浴加湿法进行体外细胞毒试验（MTT法），观察了热疗，化疗及热化疗对兔VX－2细胞的生长抑制规律的影响。结果表明：（1）温热和阿霉素对VX－2均有一定的抑制和杀伤作用，两者一定方式的联合具有协同或相加作用。（2）热化疗加热温度以42～43℃为佳，加热时间以30min以上为佳。

阿霉素化疗与热化疗对兔毛细胞白血病VX-2细胞体外作用的比较

目的：观察比较热疗、化疗、热化疗对体外兔ＶＸ２细胞的生长抑制规律的影响，为临床介入性热化疗提供实验数据。方法：以体外长期培养的兔ＶＸ２细胞为靶细胞，采用水浴加温法、进行体外细胞毒试验（ＭＴＴ法），观察单纯热疗，单纯化疗及热疗与化疗结合对兔ＶＸ２细胞的生长抑制规律的影响及差别。结果：（１）温热和阿霉素对ＶＸ２均有一定的抑制和杀伤作用，两者一定方式的联合具有协同或相加作用；（２）热化疗加热温度以４２～４３℃为佳，加热时间以３０分钟以上为佳。结论：（１）热对化疗有增敏作用；（２）一定温度的热化疗优于单纯热疗和单纯化疗。

介入性热化疗对兔肝VX-2肿瘤血管渗透性的影响

背景及目的:研究表明,加热对兔VX-2细胞阿霉素化疗有增敏作用,加热可提高细胞内阿霉素的含量。本研究探讨介入性热化疗对正常肝组织及肿瘤肝组织血管渗透性的影响。方法:建立可供实验用的兔VX-2移植性肝癌模型30只,随机分为3组:非灌注组(插管后只注射1%伊文思蓝),常温灌注组(灌注液为25℃生理盐水)。热灌注组(灌注液为60℃生理盐水)。使用标准曲线和分光光度法测量各组组织中伊文思蓝含量(作为血管渗透性的指标)。结果:肿瘤组织与肝组织的EB含量在3组中均有差别(P<0.05);正常灌注组与非灌注组肝组织的EB含量、肿瘤组织的EB含量无明显差别(P>0.05);热灌注组与非灌注组、正常灌注组肝组织的EB含量、肿瘤组织的EB含量有明显差别(P<0.05)。结论:介入性热化疗可以增加肝组织及肿瘤组织的血管渗透性。

VX-2组织悬液原位种植与Panc-1细胞悬液原位种植在家兔胰腺癌模型建立中的效果比较

目的目前有关家兔的胰腺癌模型制作方法报道较为少见,文中比较Panc-1细胞悬液原位种植与VX-2组织悬液原位种植在家兔胰腺癌模型建立中的效果。方法选取健康家兔30只,采取随机数字表法分为组织悬液组(n=15)、细胞悬液组(n=15)。组织悬液组采取VX-2组织悬液原位种植,细胞悬液组采取Panc-1细胞悬液原位种植,种植后观察模型的建立情况。通过B超、3.0T磁共振以及CT等辅助检查评价两种建模结果。结果组织悬液组第3周内有5只家兔出现十二指肠、结肠、盲肠、腹膜壁出现大量肿瘤组织种植性转移,3只家兔大网膜出现肿瘤组织种植性转移,MR T2见胃体后高信号影。细胞悬液组第3周内1只家兔十二指肠出现肿瘤组织种植性转移,MR LAVA见胃体后方稍高信号影。组织悬液组中15只模型全部建立成功,细胞悬液组仅发现3例建模成功。与组织悬液组比较,细胞悬液组第3、4周肿瘤种植成功率明显降低(46.66%vs 6.67%,100%vs 20.00%,P<0.05)。结论 VX-2组织悬液原位种植较Panc-1细胞悬液原位种植的更具有可行性,更易实施。

不同粒径ContourSe微球栓塞肝动脉治疗兔VX-2移植性肝癌的实验研究

目的:研究不同粒径ContourSe微球对兔VX-2移植性肝癌的栓塞作用及对正常肝组织的影响,初步确定ContourSe微球肝动脉栓塞治疗肝癌的最佳粒径范围。方法:经剖腹途径将VX-2瘤粒悬液直接注入兔肝实质内建立兔VX-2移植性肝癌模型,共30只兔。用不同粒径的ContourSe微球对兔VX-2移植性肝癌模型行肝动脉栓塞治疗,根据使用ContourSe微球粒径的不同分为5组,第1组(n=6):注入1mL0.9%氯化钠液,作为对照组;第2组(n=6):用ContourSe微球(100～300μm)栓塞;第3组(n=6):用ContourSe微球(300～500μm)栓塞;第4组(n=6):用ContourSe微球(500～700μm)栓塞;第5组(n=6):用ContourSe微球(700～900μm)栓塞。栓塞术前行CT扫描了解兔肝肿瘤大小,栓塞术后定期处死作肝脏大体标本观察和组织学检查,了解肿瘤大小及坏死程度、正常肝组织损害情况和腹腔脏器并发症。结果:兔肝肿瘤种植成功率达100%。各组兔肝肿瘤生长率的平均值分别为,第1组:2.5450;第2组:1.3711;第3组:1.5263;第4组:1.9431;第5组:2.1699。第2组与第3组比较无明显差异(P=0.195),此2组与其余3组比较均有显著差异(P<0.001)。第2组及第3组肿瘤坏死均以重度坏死为主,尤其第2组坏死率最高。第2组兔肝可见多发灶状坏死,汇管区可见胆管壁坏死,肝纤维结缔组织间隔亦可见坏死溶解改变。结论:(1)小于500μm的ContourSe微球能较有效地阻断肿瘤血供,抑制肿瘤生长;(2)100～300μm ContourSe微球组虽然肿瘤坏死最明显,但可以引起正常肝组织胆道及肝内结缔组织坏死,临床使用须在超选择插管的前提下谨慎使用;(3)300～500μm ContourSe微球最适于临床肝肿瘤的栓塞治疗。

阿霉素热化疗对兔鳞癌VX-2细胞的毒性作用

目的 研究阿霉素热化疗对兔鳞癌细胞 (VX- 2 )的毒性作用 .方法 以体外长期培养的兔 VX- 2细胞为靶细胞 ,采用水浴加温法进行体外细胞毒试验 (MTT法 ) ,观察了热疗 ,化疗及热化疗对兔 VX- 2细胞的生长抑制的影响 .结果 温热和阿霉素对 VX- 2均有一定的抑制和杀伤作用 ,一定方式的两者联合具有协同或相加作用 .热化疗加热温度以 42～ 43℃为佳 ,加热时间以 30及 6 0 min为佳 .结论 加热可以明显提高 VX-

兔肝Vx-2移植癌改良模型的建立

【目的】建立稳定的兔Vx-2移植性肝癌模型,探讨不同植瘤方式的成功率。【方法】60只新西兰白兔随机分3组,每组20只。第1组,将Vx-2瘤细胞(5×107个)经肝动脉灌注入兔的肝脏;第2组,将Vx-2瘤细胞(5×107个)经肝包膜接种于2组兔的肝左叶;第3组,将瘤组织块(约含106-108个瘤细胞)经肝包膜植入肝左叶。观察:1.不同方式植瘤的成活率;2.B超测定肝内肿瘤7、10、14、17、21 d时的大小,并计算肿瘤生长率;3.大体及镜下(光镜和电镜)瘤组织形态特征。【结果】3组植瘤成活率分别为7/20、10/20、19/20,改良组植瘤成活率最高(P<0.05),瘤体呈指数性生长。病理学表明该瘤在肝组织中呈浸润式生长,其性状与移植于兔其它部位的Vx-2鳞状细胞癌特征相似。【结论】成功建立了兔Vx-2移植性肝癌模型,瘤组织块种植方式成功率明显高于动脉途径和细胞液注射方式,为肝癌介入治疗的基础及临床研究提供了成熟的大型实验动物模型。

间歇和连续热灌注对兔VX-2肿瘤内阿霉素浓度的影响

背景与目的:已证实阿霉素热化疗对体外兔VX-2细胞的抑制作用比常温阿霉素的作用强,而热灌注对机体的生命体征有一定影响。本研究在兔VX-2移植瘤模型建立基础上,比较间歇性热灌注与连续性热灌注对兔呼吸、心率、体温及VX-2肿瘤内阿霉素浓度的影响,验证间歇性热灌注的有效性和安全性,以寻找更安全有效的灌注方式。方法:在30只新西兰大白兔后腿上建立VX-2肿瘤模型,并随机分为常温灌注组、60℃连续灌注组和60℃间歇灌注组(每组10只)。经股动脉插管、DSA证实为肿瘤供血动脉后,分别给予常温100ml盐水加阿霉素(ADM)灌注、60℃热盐水100ml加阿霉素连续灌注、60℃热盐水100ml加阿霉素间歇性灌注。灌注过程中,测量60℃热灌注组与60℃间歇灌注组肿瘤组织内43℃～45℃持续时间;灌注后即时检测各组兔呼吸(次/分)、心率(次/分)、体温(℃)及肿瘤组织内阿霉素浓度。结果:常温灌注组阿霉素浓度为(7.115±2.180)μg/ml,60℃连续灌注组为(17.213±1.657)μg/ml,60℃间歇性灌注组为(16.545±3.426)μg/ml;60℃间歇灌注组阿霉素浓度与60℃连续灌注组无显著性差异(P>0.05),60℃连续组、间歇组阿霉素浓度与常温灌注组均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。60℃间歇性灌注组43℃～45℃持续时间为(24.31±2.45)min,60℃连续灌注组为(22.53±1.

逆转录病毒转染法建立兔VX-2多药耐药株

目的 :建立VX 2多药耐药 (MDR )细胞 (VX 2mdr1 ) .方法 :利用逆转录病毒转染法将带有mdr1cDNA全序列的逆转录病毒载体 pHaMDR1转入到兔VX 2细胞中 ,MTT法检测细胞在不同化疗药物作用下的存活率 ;免疫组化检测细胞的P 糖蛋白 (P gp)表达 ,RT PCR检测细胞内mdr1mRNA的表达量 .结果 :转基因的细胞对吡柔比星、秋水仙素的耐药性分别提高 1 0和 2 5倍 ,免疫组化见转基因细胞中P gp表达增加 ,RT PCR示细胞内mdr1mRNA的表达量增加 .结论 :利用逆转录病毒转染法构建了兔VX