Safety and Efficacy of PTCTS Cosmetic Gel: Study on Human Radiodermatitis Lesions

Radiodermatitis is a constant complication after radiotherapy with no efficient drug for prevention and treatment. Its physiopathology is complex, possibly related to injury of epidermis and endothelial cells from the basal layer by radiolysis, overproduction of free radicals, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inflammation. PTCTS gel is an after sun cosmetic gel composed by anti-oxidative plant extract rich in natural nanoparticles and thermal water (Complex A) and recombinant protein of Trypanosoma cruzi transialidase (Complex B), with high anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects, presenting anti-aging and healing cutaneous properties. Objective: To study the safety and efficacy of PTCTS gel for topic use in volunteer subjects with healthy skin, and in patients with radiodermatitis, in different concentrations of Complexes A and B. Material and Methods: The project was approved by the Ethical Committee of Arnaldo Vieira de Carvalho Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The individuals were submitted to laboratorial toxicity study through tests for liver and kidney function, levels of blood glucose and blood count before and after 7 days of PTCTS application. We studied two groups: GI-22 volunteers with healthy skin, presenting articular or skeletal muscle pain and GII-38 patients in radiotherapy for breast or head and neck cancer, with radiodermatitis grade 2 or 3. The patients were evaluated before and after 1.0 ml/cm2 PTCTS gel application, twice a day. We tested Complex B in four different concentrations, and Complex A concentrations varied inversely. Results: No irritation signs were observed in GI nor GII group, 64% of GI had important decrease in the intensity of the muscular or articular pain, and 99% of GII showed regression of radiodermatitis, all exhibiting relief of pain. No patient presented hematologic, renal or hepatic toxicity. Conclusion: PTCTS cosmetic gel is a safe option for radiodermatitis treatment, with no side effects or laboratorial toxicity in different concentrations. This product presented excellent clinical results even if used diluted 4 times more than the original product and may be a good option for treatment of radiodermatitis. Further studies may show if it is also indicated in the prevention of the lesion, and if it is better than products containing corticoids.

Soluble factors secreted by human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stromal/stem cells exhibit therapeutic radioprotection: A mechanistic study with integrating network biology

BACKGROUND Human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(hWJ-MSCs)have gained considerable attention in their applications in cell-based therapy due to several advantages offered by them.Recently,we reported that hWJ-MSCs and their conditioned medium have significant therapeutic radioprotective potential.This finding raised an obvious question to identify unique features of hWJ-MSCs over other sources of stem cells for a better understanding of its radioprotective mechanism.AIM To understand the radioprotective mechanism of soluble factors secreted by hWJMSCs and identification of their unique genes.METHODS Propidium iodide staining,endogenous spleen colony-forming assay,and survival study were carried out for radioprotection studies.Homeostasis-driven proliferation assay was performed for in vivo lymphocyte proliferation.Analysis of RNAseq data was performed to find the unique genes of WJ-MSCs by comparing them with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,embryonic stem cells,and human fibroblasts.Gene enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network were used for pathway analysis.RESULTS Co-culture of irradiated murine splenic lymphocytes with WJ-MSCs offered significant radioprotection to lymphocytes.WJ-MSC transplantation increased the homeostasis-driven proliferation of the lymphocytes.Neutralization of WJ-MSC conditioned medium with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor antibody abolished therapeutic radioprotection.Transcriptome analysis showed that WJ-MSCs share several common genes with bone marrow MSCs and embryonic stem cells and express high levels of unique genes such as interleukin(IL)1-α,IL1-β,IL-6,CXCL3,CXCL5,CXCL8,CXCL2,CCL2,FLT-1,and IL-33.It was also observed that WJ-MSCs preferentially modulate several cellular pathways and processes that handle the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues compared to stem cells from other sources.Cytokine-based network analysis showed that most of the radiosensitive tissues have a more complex network for the elevated cytokines.CONCLUSION Systemic infusion of WJ-MSC conditioned media will have significant potential for treating accidental radiation exposed victims。

Radiation effects and radioprotection by Thai medicinal plants in mouse macrophage cell line

Objective:To investigate the effects of radiation on growth-arrested(GA) and micronucleus-production(MP) rates,and the radioprotective properties of Thai medicinal plants in mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 in vitro.Methods:Mouse macrophage cell line(RAW264.7) was cultured in vitro.Various radiation exposures, growth-arrested rate assay,micronucleus production assay,and radioprotection by Thai medicinal plants were performed.Results:The results showed that GA and MP rates forγ-rays and UV were dose-dependent. The 50%-affected dose ofγand UV radiation for the GA rate was 10 Gy and 159 microwatt/cm for 0.5 seconds, respectively.After X-ray exposure,there was no apparent effect on RAW264.7 cells,even with a fortyfold human diagnostic dose.Two exposures toγradiation at 20 Gy resulted in a significantly higher MP rate than 20 Gy single exposure or control(P【0.05).The Thai medicinal plants(Kamin-chun capsules,Curcuma longa Linn;Hed lingeu,Ganoderma lucidum;Ya Pakking capsule,Murdannia loriformis) could not prevent cell damage,but epigallocatechin gallate and L-cysteine could provide protection from 2 Gyγ-ray exposure. Conclusion:γradiation caused chromosomal damage during cell division and UV caused cell death, while X-ray radiation was safe.The radioprotective effects of Thai medicinal plants,Kamin-chun,Hed lingeu, and Ya Pakking,could not prevent cell damage in this study.

Evaluation of the Knowledge of CT Scan Prescribers on Patients’ Radioprotection in Senegal

Medical imaging has enabled major improvements in the medical care of the patient. However, some of these tests have the disadvantage of using ionizing radiation at low doses. Although the CT scan is a powerful diagnostic tool, it remains a highly radiant imaging modality. In addition, the risk of radiation-induced cancer associated with low X-ray doses is established by the American Phase 2 study BEIR VII, and preventive measures require a good level of knowledge on radioprotection by imaging test prescribers. In our study, we evaluated the knowledge of CT scan prescribers in Senegal regarding patient radioprotection. These prescribers consisted of physicians and surgeons without distinction of specialty. Our objective was to have the required data for optimizing CT prescriptions in compliance with the principles of radioprotection. Our work focused on a descriptive analytical study of 107 doctors who prescribed CT scan in public health institutions in Senegal. Our results revealed poor knowledge of doctors prescribing CT scan on induced radio risks, even though the majority of them stated that they took those risks into account. Our data were not isolated, they were applicable to similar studies conducted outside Senegal. In summary, our study led on the one hand to recommendations on initial and continuing training and on the other hand on organizational and regulatory considerations.

On the immunological limitations of hibernation and synthetic torpor as a supporting technique for astronauts’ radioprotection in deep space missions

Although human hibernation has been introduced as an effective technique in space exploration,there are concerns regarding the intrinsic risks of the approach(i.e.,synthetic torpor)and other factors involved in this procedure.Besides concerns about the brain changes and the state of consciousness during hibernation,an"Achilles heel"of the hibernation is the negative impact of torpor on factors such as the number of circulating leukocytes,complement levels,response to lipopolysaccharides,phagocytotic capacity,cytokine production,lymphocyte proliferation,and antibody production.Moreover,increased virulence of bacteria in deep space can significantly increase the risk of infection.The increased infection risk during long-term space missions with the combined effects of radiation and microgravity affect the astronauts’immune system.With these additional immune system stressors,torpor-induced extraimmunosuppression can be potentially life threatening for astronauts.

H_(2)S-releasing adhesive hydrogel as oral radioprotectant for gastrointestinal tract radioprotection

Radiation damage can cause a series of gastrointestinal(GI)tract diseases.The development of safe and effective GI tract radioprotectants still remains a great challenge clinically.Here,we firstly report an oral radioprotectant Gel@GYY that integrates a porous gelatin-based(Gel)hydrogel and a pH-responsive hydrogen sulfide(H2S)donor GYY4137(morpholin-4-ium 4 methoxyphenyl(morpholino)phosphinodithioate).Gel@GYY has a remarkable adhesion ability and long retention time,which not only enables responsive release of low-dose H2S in stomach and subsequently sustained release of H2S in the whole intestinal tract especially in the colon,but also ensures a close contact between H2S and GI tract.The released H2S can effectively scavenge free radicals induced by X-ray radiation,reduce lipid peroxidation level,repair DNA damage and recover vital superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities.Meanwhile,the released H2S inhibits radiation-induced activation of nuclear factorκB(NF-κB),thus reducing inflammatory cytokines levels in GI tract.After treatment,Gel@GYY displays efficient excretion from mice body due to its biodegradability.This work provides a new insight for therapeutic application of intelligent H2S-releasing oral delivery system and potential alternative to clinical GI physical damage protectant.

The simulation of GCRs at near earth interplanetary locations for radioprotection

The interplanetary radiation environment is detrimental to space missions,giving rise to cumulative damage to both astronauts and payloads and enhanced background levels in detectors.Therefore,there is a pressing need for a reliable simulation of these harmful effects for risk assessment and shielding optimization in manned space missions.We have modeled the interaction processes of the two most abundant galactic cosmic ray particle fluxes(protons and helium nuclei) using the Geant4 toolkit for a given space vehicle model.The total energy deposited due to protons and helium nuclei is calculated in this work,and the energy deposited due to the secondary particles generated by this radiation is also estimated.

Comparative studies on radioprotection of recombinant human interleukin－1 in C_3H and BALB／c mice

There is a strain difference in radioprotection of interleukin-l(lL-1) between C3H and BALB/c mice.The dose producing effective radioprotection in C3H mice was much higher than that in BALB/c mice.Our studies also showed that the number of CFU-S12 in BALB

Personalized radioprotection in tumor patients after^(125)I seed brachytherapy

Objective:To investigate patient-specific radioprotection mathods for people in close contact with cancer patientstreated by 12I-seed implantation.Methods:The initial dose rates(D_(0))at distances of 30 and 100 cm from 80 patients who had undergone ^(125)I-seed implantation were measured within 24 h of the procedure.The dose rate at t(D_(t))and effective dose(E)were calculated according to the measurad vales of D.The appropriate precaution times for general adult family members,spouses,coworkers,and children or pregnant women were determined,and the relationships between and precaution time for different close-contact groups were derived by curve-fitting the corresponding data.Results:The mean D vahes of 80 patients at distanes of 30 and 100cm were(15.24±11.25)μSv/h and(1.96±2.63)μSv/h,respectively(P<0.05).The mean values and range of precaution time for general adult familymembers,spouses,coworkers,and children or pregnant women were(4.17±16.55),(102.93±49.22),(51.00±61.29),and(34.27±56.90)d(0-90.61),(0-234.01),(0-247.81),and(0-224.69)d,respectively.Furthemore,a logarithmic relationship betwen D and precaution time(Y)was observed for the different groujps.The equations of these relationships were detemined to be Y=-131.569+83.256 lnD_(0) for general adult family mambers,Y=—108.532+83.318 lnD_(0) for spouses,Y=25.470+83.318 lnD,for coworkers,and Y=2.585+83.229 lnD_(0) for children or pregnant women.Conchusions:Some cancer patients treated by ^(125)I-seed brachytherapy emitover-dose levels of γ-rays,necessitatingradiation protection for their close contacts.However,appropriate patient-specific radiation protection fordifferent close contacts can be determined based on the precaution time calculated using the D_(0) value.

Lymphoid-biased hematopoietic stem cells and myeloid-biased hematopoietic progenitor cells have radioprotection activity

Radioprotection was previously considered as a function of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs).However,recent studies have reported its activity in hematopoietic progenitor cells(HPCs).To address this issue,we compared the radioprotection activity in 2 subsets of HSCs(nHSC1 and 2 populations)and 4 subsets of HPCs(nHPC1–4 populations)of the mouse bone marrow,in relation to their in vitro and in vivo colony-forming activity.Significant radioprotection activity was detected in the nHSC2 population enriched in lymphoid-biased HSCs.Moderate radioprotection activity was detected in nHPC1 and 2 populations enriched in myeloid-biased HPCs.Low radioprotection activity was detected in the nHSC1 enriched in myeloid-biased HSCs.No radioprotection activity was detected in the nHPC3 and 4 populations that included MPP4(LMPP).Single-cell colony assay combined with flow cytometry analysis showed that the nHSC1,nHSC2,nHPC1,and nHPC2 populations had the neutrophils/macrophages/erythroblasts/megakaryocytes(nmEMk)differentiation potential whereas the nHPC3 and 4 populations had only the nm differentiation potential.Varying day 12 spleen colony-forming units(day 12 CFU-S)were detected in the nHSC1,nHSC2,and nHPC1–3 populations,but very few in the nHPC4 population.These data suggested that nmEMk differentiation potential and day 12 CFU-S activity are partially associated with radioprotection activity.Reconstitution analysis showed that sufficient myeloid reconstitution around 12 to 14 days after transplantation was critical for radioprotection.This study implied that radioprotection is specific to neither HSC nor HPC populations,and that lymphoid-biased HSCs and myeloid-biased HPCs as populations play a major role in radioprotection.

大型综合医院辐射安全管理的探索与实践

通过梳理分析大型综合医院辐射安全管理工作中的难点,从管理体系、放射诊疗设备和场所的全生命周期管理、人员管理、信息管理、文化建设五个维度来推进辐射安全管理工作。建立科学的安全管理体系,以全生命周期管理模式为参考,结合医院实际情况,制定管理制度,明晰权责划分,加强人员管理,积极信息化建设和文化宣贯工作,将管理工作规范化、常态化、标准化。充分认识辐射安全的重要性,确保辐射安全管理工作科学发展,降低潜在的人员健康和环境安全风险。

乳腺癌病人放射性皮炎预防性护理的研究进展

对乳腺癌放射性皮炎的概念、临床表现、发病机制、影响因素、评估方法、预防性护理等进行综述,旨在为临床医护人员制定个性化的护理方案提供参考,从而降低病人皮肤损伤程度。

基于数据挖掘探究中医治疗放射性皮炎的用药规律及作用机制

目的 探究中医处方治疗放射性皮炎(Radiodermatitis,RD)的用药规律及作用机制。方法 首先通过中英文数据库检索治疗RD的中医处方,分析处方内所含中药的使用频率和关联规则,总结治疗RD的核心处方。然后通过网络药理学方法探究核心处方的有效成分及治疗RD的潜在靶点与通路,并采用分子对接技术评估潜在靶点与活性成分之间的相互作用。结果 共计筛选出78篇文献,78个中药处方,累计纳入117种中草药。治疗RD的高频药物有紫草、黄柏、黄连、大黄、冰片、黄芩等,药性以寒为主,药味以苦为主,药物归经以肝经、脾经为主,药物功效以清热类为主。关联规则分析显示,“黄芩-黄柏”“黄芩-黄连-黄柏”“大黄-黄芩-黄连-黄柏”分别是二联至四联中支持度、置信度最高的组合。网络药理学分析核心处方“黄芩-黄连-黄柏-大黄”共计有效成分213个,与RD的交集靶点143个,筛选得5个关键靶点,即JUN、MAPK1、RELA、TP53和AKT1。富集分析结果显示,核心处方治疗RD的机制涉及IL-17、TNF、PI3K-Akt炎症相关信号传导和细胞凋亡途径。分子对接结果显示,槲皮素、芹菜素、汉黄芩素与筛选的潜在靶点具有较好的结合能力。结论 基于数据挖掘,总结出中药治疗RD的核心处方,并通过网络药理学和分子对接研究其治疗RD的潜在有效成分、靶点和相关信号通路,为中药治疗RD的临床应用提供理论依据。

丙二醇联合肝细胞生长因子修饰牙髓干细胞外泌体保护人表皮细胞的放射损伤

背景:肿瘤放疗以及核事故等原因引起的放射性皮肤损伤救治仍旧是一个严重的医学问题,单一的防治手段均难以达到有效的治疗结果,寻找新的综合治疗手段是重要的研究方向。目的:观察丙二醇联合肝细胞生长因子修饰牙髓干细胞来源外泌体对于人表皮放射性损伤细胞模型的保护作用及相关作用机制。方法:①使用携带人肝细胞生长因子基因的重组腺病毒感染人牙髓干细胞,超速离心法分离制备外泌体,即Ad.HGF DPSC-Exo。②通过X射线照射诱导人表皮细胞HaCaT放射损伤,细胞分别于照射前用丙二醇预处理,照射后用Ad.HGF DPSC-Exo处理。通过CCK-8法测定细胞增殖活力,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移情况,PCR检测P21和P53的表达水平。结果与结论:丙二醇、Ad.HGF.DPSC-Exo、Ad.HGF.DPSC-Exo+丙二醇均可显著改善HaCaT细胞的生长抑制、减少细胞凋亡、提高细胞增殖和迁移能力,显示出较好的辐射防护效果,且Ad.HGF.DPSC-Exo+丙二醇联合作用效果更好。此外,Ad.HGF.DPSC-Exo+丙二醇能够减轻细胞G2/M期阻滞,降低细胞周期调控基因P53和P21的表达。综上所述,丙二醇预处理联合Ad.HGF.DPSC-Exo能够有效保护放射诱导的HaCaT细胞损伤,为辐射性皮肤损伤的防治提供了新的思路和有效方法。

重组人表皮生长因子联合湿润烧伤膏在宫颈癌放射治疗所致放射性皮炎中的应用效果分析

目的分析探讨重组人表皮生长因子联合湿润烧伤膏在宫颈癌放射治疗所致的放射性皮炎中的应用效果。方法选取2021年7月至2022年7月郑州市第七人民医院收治的76例宫颈癌放射治疗所致的放射性皮炎患者作为研究对象,按照不同治疗方法将其分为试验组(38例)和对照组(38例),试验组患者局部创面于庆大霉素、生理盐水及维生素B_(12)混合液浸透的无菌纱布湿敷后应用重组人表皮生长因子联合湿润烧伤膏治疗,对照组患者局部创面于庆大霉素、生理盐水及维生素B_(12)混合液浸透的无菌纱布湿敷后单纯应用湿润烧伤膏治疗,对比观察两组患者创面疼痛程度、肉芽组织生长时间及愈合时间。结果治疗3d后,试验组患者创面视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分为(1.52±0.62)分,明显低于对照组患者的创面VAS评分(1.97±0.69)分(t=2.990,P=0.004);试验组患者创面肉芽组织生长时间为(5.34±0.78)d、创面愈合时间为(8.11±1.02)d,明显短于对照组患者的创面肉芽组织生长时间(8.67±1.02)d、创面愈合时间(12.34±1.15)d(=15.986、16.963,P均<0.001)。结论重组人表皮生长因子联合湿润烧伤膏治疗宫颈癌放射治疗所致的放射性皮炎,可有效减轻创面疼痛程度,促进创面愈合。

康复新液治疗头颈部肿瘤患者放射性皮炎效果的Meta分析

目的系统评价康复新液治疗头颈部肿瘤放射性皮炎的效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Co⁃chrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、维普、万方数据库自建库以来至2023年9月公开发表的与康复新液治疗头颈部肿瘤放射治疗所造成放射性皮炎相关的随机对照研究。由2人独立进行文献筛选、质量评价和资料提取,采用Revman 5.4软件进行数据分析。结果共纳入10篇中文文献,包括688例患者。Meta分析结果显示:康复新液组治疗头颈部肿瘤放射性皮炎的总体有效性优于对照组,差异有统计学意义[OR=4.04,95%CI(2.29,7.15),P<0.05];康复新液组Ⅱ级及以上放射性皮炎的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义[OR=0.34,95%CI(0.19,0.63),P<0.05]。结论当前证据显示,康复新液治疗头颈部肿瘤放射性皮炎的效果显著,有助于降低Ⅱ级及以上头颈部肿瘤放射性皮炎的发生率。

核应急医学救援与防原医学本科课程的创新融合与探索

防原医学是军事预防医学中的重要组成部分。在新时期新型军事医学人才培养需求的要求下,海军军医大学舰船辐射医学防护教研室所承担的防原医学课程也已从注重理论教学转移到注重核事故应急医学救援的实践教学上来,核应急医学救援实践能力的培养便显得更加重要。针对核应急医学救援在本科学历教育中存在的问题,构建了理论课堂知识灌输-虚拟仿真实践教学-现场防护技能训练“三位一体”的核应急救援能力培养模式,并在小班次本科教学过程中进行了探索与实践。结果发现,新的创新能力培养模式能够提高本科学员的核应急救援能力,还开阔了视野,对培养新型军事医学人才发挥了重要作用,取得了非常好的实践教学效果。

三乙醇胺乳膏防治头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗患者放射性皮炎的疗效及对心理状态的影响

目的探索三乙醇胺乳膏防治头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗患者放射性皮炎的效果及对心理状态的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月放疗的80例头颈部恶性肿瘤患者为研究对象,随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。在放疗时,对照组接受常规皮肤保护措施,而观察组则在对照组基础上应用三乙醇胺乳膏涂抹。比较2组不同级别放射性皮炎的发生时间及康复时间,比较2组不同放疗剂量阶段放射性皮炎的分级以及放疗前后焦虑和抑郁评分的差异。结果观察组出现不同级别放射性皮炎的时间较对照组明显延后,而康复时间较对照组显著缩短(P<0.01)。放疗剂量>60 Gy时,2组都出现不同级别的放射性皮炎;观察组Ⅲ~Ⅳ级放射性皮炎的总发生率为15.0%(6/40),相较于对照组65.0%(26/40)明显降低(P<0.05)。在放疗结束时,观察组焦虑自评量表评分和抑郁自评量表评分与放疗前及对照组比较均明显降低(P<0.05)。结论头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗患者使用三乙醇胺乳膏可以显著降低放射性皮炎的发生风险,并减轻其严重程度、缩短康复时间,使Ⅲ~Ⅳ级放射性皮炎发生率明显降低,还能够有效地缓解患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪。

灵芝抗辐射功能的研究

目的 探讨灵芝的抗辐射作用。方法 以 0 2 5 ,0 5 0 ,1 5 0 g/kg体重的灵芝精粉混悬液连续给小鼠灌胃 6 0天 ,在第 30天以射线照射小鼠 ,观察小鼠的白细胞总数、30天存活率、平均存活时间。结果 灵芝精粉能使辐射后小鼠 30天存活率明显增高、平均存活时间延长、白细胞总数明显增加。

E_(838)对造血组织的放射防护作用

Ｅ８３８是一种新型放射防护剂，为炔雌醇衍生物。小鼠照射８Ｇｙ前第３、２、１天连续口服或腹腔注射Ｅ８３８０．２５μｇ／０．２ｍｌ，结果显示Ｅ８３８对受照小鼠ＣＦＵ－Ｓ（脾集落生成单位）和ＢＭＮ（骨髓有核细胞数）有明显的保护作用（经统计学处理差异有显著性）。为临床应用Ｅ８３８治疗放疗。