Shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS)is one of the common complications of ischemic stroke.The pathogenesis is not completely clear and the therapeutic effects are not very satisfactory.As one of the Five-Shu acupoints(the gene...Shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS)is one of the common complications of ischemic stroke.The pathogenesis is not completely clear and the therapeutic effects are not very satisfactory.As one of the Five-Shu acupoints(the general terms of acupoints that the twelve meridians are located below the elbow and knee of the body),Jing acupoints is distributed at the end of fingers and toes where the twelve meridians of the human body pass by,and has the functions of stimulating the meridians and dredging the channels and collaterals.For the effects of discharging neurons,promoting cerebral blood flow and improving the brain micro-circulation,Jing acupoints bloodletting therapy can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of the patients with SHS after stroke.Sangzhi(Mori Ramulus),with the ability of dredging the meridian and relieving the pain,is also has certain treatment functions to the SHS.In clinical practice,the combination of Jing acupoints bloodletting and Sangzhi(Mori Ramulus)have been widely used in the treatment of various diseases,and in terms of their mechanism of action,the combined treatment has a positive effect on post-stroke SHS,but there are few reports on this.Therefore,it is worth affirming the efficacy of combined treatment of SHS after stroke.This article elaborates the theoretical basis of Jing acupoints bloodletting on SHS after stroke,and the research progress of Sangzhi(Mori Ramulus)in treating SHS after stroke,which provide the theoretical guidance for the combination.展开更多
【目的】1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)是一种降血糖功效较好的天然活性产物,在桑树中的含量相对较高。对超声-微波联合辅助提取桑枝中DNJ的工艺进行优化,以获得较高提取率;同时,分析桑枝水提物中DNJ含量与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的相关性,以获得...【目的】1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)是一种降血糖功效较好的天然活性产物,在桑树中的含量相对较高。对超声-微波联合辅助提取桑枝中DNJ的工艺进行优化,以获得较高提取率;同时,分析桑枝水提物中DNJ含量与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的相关性,以获得其中DNJ对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的贡献程度。这可能为桑枝中DNJ的提取、分离及桑枝α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的极性分布等研究提供一定的依据。【方法】利用9-芴甲氧羰酰氯对DNJ进行衍生化,弥补其本身不具有紫外吸收特性的缺点,利用高效液相色谱在254 nm波长下进行定性定量检测;单因素试验分别求得微波处理时间、超声波处理时间和液料比的优化范围,以响应曲面法对超声-微波联合辅助提取DNJ三因素的平方和、均方、P值、R2等参数进行优化,获得二次多项回归方程和相应的最优提取条件;在此基础上利用系统溶剂法萃取浓缩的水提物,计算石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水4种极性部分的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性(通过酶标仪在415 nm波长处测定α-葡萄糖苷酶对4-硝基苯-α-D吡喃葡萄糖苷的分解率来计算)与DNJ的含量,并对二者之间的关系进行分析。【结果】用0.05 mo L·L-1的盐酸溶液提取,微波处理9.60 min、超声波处理30.89 min和液料比46.47 m L·g-1时达到最优条件,此时DNJ的产率为0.205%,结果检验值与优化值的拟合率达99.27%,相对于对照组增长了10.86%;正丁醇部分DNJ的含量最高,乙酸乙酯次之,水部分仍含有少许,石油醚部分为零,说明正丁醇的萃取效果较好;正丁醇部分的抑制曲线趋势与乙酸乙酯部分相近,水部分与石油醚部分相近,且各萃取部分之间的IC50都差异显著,结合DNJ的含量分布,说明桑枝中具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的物质间有一定的极性差异;根据各萃取部分中DNJ的含量,从其半抑制浓度中换算出DNJ的浓度,即为"其中DNJ的浓度",正丁醇部分"其中DNJ的浓度"与DNJ标准品的IC50差异不显著,说明此部分α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性物质几乎尽是DNJ;水部分虽含有少量的DNJ,但其活性却相对更小,可能其中含有具备提高α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的多糖等物质,或一些糖类等黏性物质影响了DNJ与酶的结合;乙酸乙酯部分"其中DNJ的浓度"比DNJ标准品的IC50小,可能是由于此部分含有个别黄酮类等对DNJ具有活性增强/协同作用,或其中含有一些游离生物碱、香豆素或黄酮苷元等物质具备相似活性;石油醚部分不含DNJ,却有一定的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,说明桑枝中含有一些极性小的脂溶性化合物具备α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。【结论】微波处理初步粉碎的新鲜桑枝,既有干燥作用又有辅助提取效果,而后用超声波辅助浸提可提高DNJ的提取效率;桑枝中主要的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制是DNJ,除此外还可能含有一些极性相对较小的活性成分。这些结果有利于桑枝DNJ及其他降血糖活性成分的进一步研究。展开更多
文摘Shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS)is one of the common complications of ischemic stroke.The pathogenesis is not completely clear and the therapeutic effects are not very satisfactory.As one of the Five-Shu acupoints(the general terms of acupoints that the twelve meridians are located below the elbow and knee of the body),Jing acupoints is distributed at the end of fingers and toes where the twelve meridians of the human body pass by,and has the functions of stimulating the meridians and dredging the channels and collaterals.For the effects of discharging neurons,promoting cerebral blood flow and improving the brain micro-circulation,Jing acupoints bloodletting therapy can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of the patients with SHS after stroke.Sangzhi(Mori Ramulus),with the ability of dredging the meridian and relieving the pain,is also has certain treatment functions to the SHS.In clinical practice,the combination of Jing acupoints bloodletting and Sangzhi(Mori Ramulus)have been widely used in the treatment of various diseases,and in terms of their mechanism of action,the combined treatment has a positive effect on post-stroke SHS,but there are few reports on this.Therefore,it is worth affirming the efficacy of combined treatment of SHS after stroke.This article elaborates the theoretical basis of Jing acupoints bloodletting on SHS after stroke,and the research progress of Sangzhi(Mori Ramulus)in treating SHS after stroke,which provide the theoretical guidance for the combination.
文摘【目的】1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)是一种降血糖功效较好的天然活性产物,在桑树中的含量相对较高。对超声-微波联合辅助提取桑枝中DNJ的工艺进行优化,以获得较高提取率;同时,分析桑枝水提物中DNJ含量与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的相关性,以获得其中DNJ对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的贡献程度。这可能为桑枝中DNJ的提取、分离及桑枝α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的极性分布等研究提供一定的依据。【方法】利用9-芴甲氧羰酰氯对DNJ进行衍生化,弥补其本身不具有紫外吸收特性的缺点,利用高效液相色谱在254 nm波长下进行定性定量检测;单因素试验分别求得微波处理时间、超声波处理时间和液料比的优化范围,以响应曲面法对超声-微波联合辅助提取DNJ三因素的平方和、均方、P值、R2等参数进行优化,获得二次多项回归方程和相应的最优提取条件;在此基础上利用系统溶剂法萃取浓缩的水提物,计算石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水4种极性部分的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性(通过酶标仪在415 nm波长处测定α-葡萄糖苷酶对4-硝基苯-α-D吡喃葡萄糖苷的分解率来计算)与DNJ的含量,并对二者之间的关系进行分析。【结果】用0.05 mo L·L-1的盐酸溶液提取,微波处理9.60 min、超声波处理30.89 min和液料比46.47 m L·g-1时达到最优条件,此时DNJ的产率为0.205%,结果检验值与优化值的拟合率达99.27%,相对于对照组增长了10.86%;正丁醇部分DNJ的含量最高,乙酸乙酯次之,水部分仍含有少许,石油醚部分为零,说明正丁醇的萃取效果较好;正丁醇部分的抑制曲线趋势与乙酸乙酯部分相近,水部分与石油醚部分相近,且各萃取部分之间的IC50都差异显著,结合DNJ的含量分布,说明桑枝中具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的物质间有一定的极性差异;根据各萃取部分中DNJ的含量,从其半抑制浓度中换算出DNJ的浓度,即为"其中DNJ的浓度",正丁醇部分"其中DNJ的浓度"与DNJ标准品的IC50差异不显著,说明此部分α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性物质几乎尽是DNJ;水部分虽含有少量的DNJ,但其活性却相对更小,可能其中含有具备提高α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的多糖等物质,或一些糖类等黏性物质影响了DNJ与酶的结合;乙酸乙酯部分"其中DNJ的浓度"比DNJ标准品的IC50小,可能是由于此部分含有个别黄酮类等对DNJ具有活性增强/协同作用,或其中含有一些游离生物碱、香豆素或黄酮苷元等物质具备相似活性;石油醚部分不含DNJ,却有一定的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,说明桑枝中含有一些极性小的脂溶性化合物具备α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。【结论】微波处理初步粉碎的新鲜桑枝,既有干燥作用又有辅助提取效果,而后用超声波辅助浸提可提高DNJ的提取效率;桑枝中主要的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制是DNJ,除此外还可能含有一些极性相对较小的活性成分。这些结果有利于桑枝DNJ及其他降血糖活性成分的进一步研究。
