ALTERATIONS IN AUTOFLUORESCENCE SIGNAL FROM RAT SKIN EX VIVO UNDER OPTICAL IMMERSION CLEARING

For the first time,the changes in autofluorescence spectra of ex vivo rat skin have been experimentally investigated using the combination of fluorescence spectroscopy and optical immersion clearing.The glucose,glycerol and propylene glycol solutions were used as clearing agents.The optical clearing was performed from the dermal side of skin imitating the in vivo injection of clearing agent under the dermal layers.In this contribution,the common properties of autofluorescence variation during optical immersion clearing were determined.The tendency of autofluorescence signal to decrease with reduction of scattering in tissue was noticed and discussed in detail.However,the differences in the shape of spectral curves under application of different clearing agents showed that optical clearing affects the autofluorescence properties of tissue differently depending on the type of clearing liquid.The results obtained are useful for the understanding of tissue optical clearing mechanisms and for improving techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy.

Monitoring the penetration and accumulation of gold nanoparticles in rat skin ex vivo using surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy

Contamination by accidental cutaneous contact with the commercial products and the air pol-hutants raised a considerable health and safety issue.This study aimed to trace the dynamics of the 20 nm gold nanopartide(GNP)penetration and accumulation in rat skin tissues using a surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)techmique.After the topical application of GNPs on rat skin surface,the SERS spectra were recorded for every 15 pum to an overall depth of 75 pum from skin surface for 150 min.The processes of GNP penetration in rat skin were accompanied by aggregation of GNPs,which affected SERS spectra.The results revealed that 20 nm GNPs can penetrate through stratum corneum layer,viable epidermis layer,and then into dermis layer.This study demonstrated for the first time the potential of SERS spectroscopy to monitor the penetration and accumulation of GNPs in rat skin.

INFLUENCE OF SP AND CON A ON HISTAMINE RELEASE FROM CULTURED MAST CELLS OF RAT SKIN

The mast cells from enzymatically dispersed rat skin were incubated in DMEM mediumcontaining 10% fetal bovine serum. 1 day after culture, the various concentrations of substance P (SP),SP+Ca2+ or concanavalin A (Con A) were added into the media to stimulate mast cells for different periods of time. The media were rapidly seperated from the cultured tells using the micropore filter. The contents of histamine in the media were determined by spectrofluorimetry and the release rates of histaminewere caculated. The results showed that SP and Con A could stimulate in vitro mast cells tO release histamine in a time--and dose-dependent pattern, and that the effect of SP was significantly influenced by theconcentration of Ca2+.

Local Proinflammatory Effects of Repeated Skin Exposure to Warfarin, An Anticoagulant Rodenticide in Rats

Objective： To evaluate the effects of epicutaneous application of anticoagulant warfarin, by examining the presence of tissue injury and immune/inflammatory activity in exposed skin. Methods： Rats were exposed to warfarin by applying 10 μg of warfarin‐sodium to 10‐12 cm 2 skin （range 0.8‐1 μg per 1 cm 2 ） for 3 consecutive days. Tissue injury was evaluated by lipid peroxidation, histomorphological changes and signs of reparative activity in skin. T cell infiltration and selected aspects of epidermal cell activity were examined as indicators of immune/inflammatory skin response to warfarin application. Results： Repeated warfarin application exerted no effect on skin metabolic viability, but resulted in tissue injury （increased malondialdehyde, MDA, production, evident histo‐morphological changes in epidermis and dermis depicting cell injury and death）. Increased numbers of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA ＋ ） cells indicated reparative processes in injured skin. Infiltration of CD3 ＋ cells （T lymphocytes） along with the increased production of tumor necrosis factor‐α （TNF‐α） by epidermal cells from warfarin‐treated skin and their co‐stimulatory effect in an in vitro T‐cell activation assay demonstrated immunomodulatory effects of epicutaneous warfarin. Conclusion： Presented data have documented tissue damage associated with immune/ inflammatory activity in skin exposed to warfarin. Observed effects are relevant to immunotoxic potential of this anticoagulant in settings of external exposure.

The Effects of the Enriched Environment on Sympathetic Skin Response in Pentylenetetrazol-Kindled Rats

Epilepsy is a neurodegenerative disease that interrupts the normal electrical activity of the brain and promotes abnormal wiring in this organ.Epileptic seizures are often associated with significant changes in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system(ANS).

The Effects of Cupping Therapy on Skin’s Biomechanical Properties in Wistar Rats

Cupping therapy has been widely used for clinical treatment of soft tissue lesions. The current study investigated the effects of cupping therapy on biomechanical properties of the skin in Wistar rats. 20 rats were divided into two groups: 10 in experimental and 10 in control group. Either the right or the left lower quadrants of the lumbar regions in the experimental group underwent 10 minutes daily cupping therapy for 12 days. The skin stiffness and ultimate tensile strength of all the rats were measured using tensiometer. The skin stiffness and ultimate tensile strength were decreased significantly in cupping side of the experimental group as compared with the non-cupping side and the control group. There were no significant differences between the non-cupping side of the experimental group and the control group. In conclusion, cupping therapy can be useful as a treatment method to reduce the skin stiffness and ultimate tensile strength.

Influence of maternal experimental hypothyroidism on quantitative-qualitative indicator of rat progeny skin mast cells in age aspect according to histochemical investigation results and on the base of lectins GNA and PNA receptors cytotopography

Amount of thyroid pathology patients in Ukraine increased 3.7 times from 0.9 to 3.5 per 1000 population within a decade. The main reason of most of organs damage associated with hypothyroidism is decreased synthesis of number of cellular enzymes because of thyroid hormones deficiency. Mast cells (MC) play leading role in inflammatory processes, allergic reactions and in autoimmune diseases pathogenesis, since they produce various cytokines. Influence of maternal hypothyroidism on the progeny skin histogenesis and MC correlation is poorly studied. Hypothyroid condition was modeled in Wistar female rats by adding thyreostatic drug mercazolilum (methimazole) 5 mg/kg body mass. Thyroid glands and progeny skin pieces from the back on the 1, 10, 20 and 40 postnatal development days were fixed in 4% neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. For MC detection slides were stained by Bismark brown, alcian blue (pH 2.5), toluidine blue. D-Man and β-DGal carbohydrate determinants were studied by use of GNA and PNA lectins labeled with horseradish peroxidase. Lectin receptors visualization was conducted in3’3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride system in Н2О2 presence. Counting the MC number and thyroid glands’ morphometric parameters were conducted on 5 μm thin sections by using UTHSCSA “Image Tool for Windows Version2.00”(USA) computer program. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t-test. Body mass increase, changes in thyroid cells parameters and colloid structure were stated in experimental animals. The biggest MC amount was detected in control animals skin on the 1 day of postnatal development, slight decrease on 10 day and gradual increase till 40 day. MC amount with signs of degranulation increased in experimental animals skin at all stages of the research. Simultaneously, D-Man and β-DGal glycopolymers expression similarity was noted on MC surface. According to MC quantitative-qualitative indicators in skin, hypothyroid female rat progeny should be included into the risk group of immune status change and allergic reactions beginning.

The healing effects of herbal preparations from Sambucus ebulus and Urtica dioica in full-thickness wound models

Objective:To investigate the healing effects of two herbal preparations.Methods:For this purpose,106 wistar rats were divided into 9 groups including a control,eucerine,phenytoin,Urtica dioica(U.dioica)(2%),U.dioica(5%),Sambucus ebulus(S.ebulus)(2%),S.ebulus(5%),combination(2%),and combination(5%)groups.The control group remained untreated,the eucerin and phenytoin groups were considered as the negative and positive controls respectively,and the remaining groups received different concentrations of the ointments.Full thickness wounds were made.The healing process of the wounds was investigated on day 7,14 and 21 of the experiment.Several factors including the number of fibroblasts,new vessel formation(angiogenesis),thickness of the granulomatous tissues(GT),and the overlying epithelium were analyzed.Results:Among the studied groups,all of the treatment groups were significantly different from the control,eucerin,and phenytoin groups in a positive manner with regard to all studied factors(P 0.05).However,the best results were observed with the S.ebulus(2%) and the combination 2% groups(P 0.05).Conclusions:Topical ointments prepared from the extracts of U.dioica and S.ebulus and their combination possess strong wound healing properties.It is postulated that a synergistic effect may exist between the two extracts since the combination 2% showed better results than the sole extracts.

新型冷冻笔制作大鼠局部冻伤模型的研究

目的:研究新型冷冻笔制作不同程度皮肤冻伤动物模型的可行性。方法:无特定病原体(specific pathogen free,SPF)级大鼠10只,分别标记A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J。将冷冻笔从-60℃低温冰箱取出后紧贴大鼠尾巴近根部皮肤。A、B、C、D大鼠分别以-50℃、-30℃、-50℃、-30℃为起始温度,A、B大鼠每个部位冷冻2次,共6次,每次40 s,C、D大鼠每个部位冷冻2次,共6次,每次25 s,造成皮肤局部冻伤,24小时后处死大鼠,取冻伤皮肤组织作病理观察。E、G、I大鼠以-50℃为起始温度,F、H、J大鼠以-30℃为起始温度,均冷冻40 s间隔20 s,重复3次。在冷冻后24 h处死E、F大鼠,48 h处死G、H大鼠,120 h处死I、J大鼠,取冻伤皮肤组织作病理观察。结果:冷冻起始温度越低,作用时间越长,频次越多,冻伤程度越严重。冻伤后24 h组织细胞变性、水肿较明显,炎症反应较轻。冻伤后48 h、120 h炎症反应较严重,大量淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞浸润。冻伤后120 h组织细胞变性、水肿减轻,冻伤开始逐步修复。结论:新型冷冻笔通过控制冷冻起始温度、作用时间、作用面积、作用频次,可制作各种冻伤程度的冻伤动物模型,为研究冻伤机制和冷冻治疗提供合适的工具。

组织工程皮肤在糖尿病皮肤溃疡模型大鼠创面修复中的应用研究

目的:探讨组织工程皮肤修复糖尿病大鼠溃疡模型创面的可能机制。方法:选择腹腔注射链脲佐菌素及背部打孔建立糖尿病溃疡模型,将60只模型大鼠随机分为5组,每组各12只,对照组采用凡士林纱布覆盖创面,支架组采用无细胞纤维蛋白支架行创面移植,成纤维细胞组采用含成纤维细胞的纤维蛋白支架行创面移植,表皮干细胞组采用含表皮干细胞的纤维蛋白支架行创面移植,组织工程皮肤组采用含成纤维细胞和表皮干细胞的纤维蛋白支架行创面移植。术后第2周和第4周,比较各组创面愈合率、炎性因子[白细胞介素(IL-1)-1、IL-2、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α]和相关生长因子[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)、转化生长因子(TGF)-β1]的含量。结果:术后第2周和第4周,组织工程皮肤组创面愈合率>成纤维细胞组(表皮干细胞组)>支架组>对照组(P<0.05);IL-1、IL-2和TNF-α含量为组织工程皮肤组<成纤维细胞组(表皮干细胞组)<支架组<对照组(P<0.05);VEGF、bFGF和TGF-β1含量为组织工程皮肤组>成纤维细胞组(表皮干细胞组)>支架组>对照组(P<0.05);与其他组相比,组织工程皮肤组大鼠创面新生皮肤质地和韧性良好,皮肤形态成熟,可见胶原纤维成束状排列。结论:组织工程皮肤能够促进糖尿病溃疡大鼠模型创面愈合,可能与拮抗创面炎症损伤、促进相关血管生长因子分泌有关。

滋燥养荣方治疗抗肿瘤靶向药所致大鼠皮肤干燥的分子机制

目的 基于网络药理学分析和动物实验探讨中药滋燥养荣方治疗抗肿瘤靶向药所致皮肤干燥的分子机制。方法采用在线数据库筛选滋燥养荣方各单味药成分的靶点和皮肤干燥及瘙痒的靶点,对共同靶点进行分析,通过通路富集预测中药可能的效应途径。应用靶向药吉非替尼建立与患者皮肤干燥皮损表现一致的大鼠模型,分为模型组、阳性对照组和中药组,分别予生理盐水、维生素E乳、中药进行干预,以正常大鼠作为正常对照组,观察各组皮肤表型、组织病理学变化、信号通路相关蛋白和炎症因子表达。结果 滋燥养荣方各单味药筛选出预测靶点共3 125个,靶向药所致皮肤干燥及伴有瘙痒的对应靶点共660个。对173个共同靶点进行分析,通路富集预测结果显示表皮角质细胞内磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶(PI3K)-丝苏氨酸蛋白激酶B (Akt)通路可能是中药起效的信号途径。动物实验表明,与正常对照组比较,其余各组均出现靶向药相关的皮损、结痂、脱屑等皮肤干燥表现;与模型组比较,阳性对照组和中药组小鼠的皮肤干燥均改善,中药组小鼠皮损愈合、毛发生长情况优于阳性对照组。与正常对照组比较,模型组表皮增厚(P<0.05);与模型组比较,阳性对照组、中药组表皮厚度变薄(P<0.05)。与正常对照组比较,模型组Akt蛋白和p-Akt 308蛋白染色呈棕黄色,强度较弱;与模型组比较,中药组Akt蛋白和p-Akt 308蛋白染色呈棕黄色,强度较强,且强于阳性对照组,与正常对照组相近。各组p-Akt 473蛋白染色强度差异不明显。Western blotting检测结果:与正常对照组比较,中药组皮肤组织中p-Akt 308蛋白相对表达量低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,中药组皮肤组织中p-Akt 308蛋白相对表达量高(P<0.05)。各组皮肤组织及血清炎症因子水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 中药滋燥养荣方能缓解抗肿瘤靶向药所致大鼠局部皮肤炎症、促进皮肤修复,其分子机制可能与Akt相关信号通路有关。

甲基莲心碱通过调节AMPK/mTOR/NLRP3信号通路减轻慢性皮肤溃疡大鼠的炎症反应

目的:探讨甲基莲心碱(Nef)调节AMP活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)信号通路对慢性皮肤溃疡(CSU)大鼠炎症反应的影响。方法:将90只大鼠随机分为空白对照组(NC组)、CSU组、Nef组、AMPK抑制剂(Compound C)组、Nef+Compound C组,每组18只大鼠。除NC组外的其他各组大鼠通过剪开创口注射氢化可的松以及喷洒金黄色葡萄球菌构建CSU大鼠模型。造模完成后,Nef组和Compound C组分别将20%Nef、10μmol·L^(-1) Compound C与50 mL的20%高渗盐水凝胶混合敷在伤口处,Nef+Compound C组将20%Nef和10μmol·L^(-1) Compound C一起添加到20%高渗盐水凝胶中敷在伤口处,持续治疗2周,NC组、CSU组用等量盐水凝胶处理伤口。观察大鼠皮肤创面愈合情况;ELISA法检测血清白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平;水解法检测创面肉芽组织中羟脯氨酸(HyP)水平;HE染色检测肉芽组织病理学变化;Western blotting检测CCL4、CCL2、CXCL12以及AMPK/mTOR/NLRP3信号通路蛋白表达水平。结果:CSU组大鼠可看到新生肉芽组织,并且有大量炎症细胞浸润现象,CSU组较NC组IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α含量显著升高(P<0.05);与CSU组相比,Nef组创面愈合率、HyP含量、p-AMPK/AMPK蛋白水平显著增加(P<0.05),IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α含量、CCL2、CXCL12、CCL4、mTOR、NLRP3蛋白水平显著下降(P<0.05),而Compound C组趋势相反(P<0.05);Compound C消除了Nef对CSU大鼠炎症反应的减轻作用。结论:Nef可能通过调控AMPK/mTOR/NLRP3信号通路减轻CSU大鼠炎症反应。

清热生肌膏介导NLRP3对放射性皮炎大鼠MPO、Hyp表达的影响

目的 清热生肌膏介导NLRP3炎性小体对放射性皮炎大鼠皮肤损伤修复及MPO、Hyp表达水平的影响。方法 选取SD健康大鼠90只,80只随机分为正常组、模型组(放射性皮炎大鼠模型)、治疗组(模型+清热生肌膏)、对照组(模型+复方茶多酚软膏),每组各20只。另设抑制剂组(NLRP3抑制剂)10只。通过创面愈合率衡量创面愈合情况。透射电镜观察创面细胞超微结构。HE染色观察病理学变化。分光光度比色法测定MPO活性。免疫印迹检测NLRP3、Caspase-1蛋白表达。结果 各组在治疗后第1 d时的创面愈合无差异(P>0.05)。模型组大鼠在治疗3~21 d时的创面愈合均低于治疗组及对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组与对照组大鼠治疗治疗3~21 d各时间点创面愈合比较无差异(P>0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组大鼠MPO表达升高、Hyp表达降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,治疗组大鼠MPO表达降低、Hyp表达升高(P<0.05)。治疗组与对照组MPO及Hyp表达对比无差异(P>0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组大鼠NLRP3、Caspase-1表达升高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,治疗组大鼠NLRP3、Caspase-1蛋白表达降低(P<0.05)。治疗组与抑制剂组大鼠NLRP3、Caspase-1蛋白表达对比无差异(P>0.05)。结论 清热生肌膏可抑制MPO水平并促进Hyp表达,对放射性皮炎大鼠皮肤损伤修复有积极促进作用,其作用机制可能与介导NLRP3炎性小体有关。

SD大鼠、小鼠创面新生皮肤组织石蜡切片的制备方法

目的:探索有效的SD大鼠、小鼠创面新生皮肤组织石蜡切片的制备方法。方法:取21只雄性SD大鼠、21只雄性SD小鼠制作创伤模型,在不同愈合时间取创面新生皮肤组织制作石蜡切片,对石蜡切片制作过程中的关键步骤进行控制,包括固定、脱水、浸蜡、包埋、切片、脱蜡、复水、染色、脱水、封藏等。比较不同愈合时间皮肤组织石蜡切片的差异。结果:实验制得组织切片染色均匀,细胞排列紧密,无裂缝,细胞核染色清晰,呈暗红色,成纤维细胞、毛囊、毛细血管和肌肉组织结构均清晰可见。随着愈合时间的延长,皮肤表皮层增厚,毛囊越来越多且分化程度提高,成纤维细胞数量增加。结论:该制备方法可以有效保证石蜡切片的质量并判定皮肤愈合程度。

虎黄烧伤搽剂中白藜芦醇苷对皮肤癌大鼠放疗后细胞凋亡、免疫功能和JNK信号通路的影响

目的探究虎黄烧伤搽剂中白藜芦醇苷对皮肤癌大鼠放疗后细胞凋亡、免疫功能和JNK信号通路的影响。方法将80只SD大鼠分为对照组和模型组,对照组20只,模型组60只;模型组进行大鼠皮肤癌模型建立,并使用60Gy剂量射线照射癌变部位,之后分别用10、20、30 mg/kg的虎黄烧伤搽剂白藜芦醇苷对模型组大鼠进行灌胃处理,分为10 mg/kg组、20 mg/kg组、30 mg/kg组。流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况;酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测大鼠免疫功能;蛋白质印迹(Western blot)检测应激活化蛋白酶(c-Jun N-terminal protein kainse,JNK)、磷酸化的JNK(phosphorized JNK,p-JNK)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶-3(Caspase-3)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)和B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关蛋白(Bcl-2 associated protein,Bax)表达情况。结果与对照组相比,模型组细胞凋亡率显著降低(P<0.05);Bcl-2蛋白表达显著增加(P<0.05);Bax蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,10、20、30 mg/kg虎黄烧伤搽剂白藜芦醇苷显著增加了细胞凋亡率(P<0.05);显著降低了Bcl-2蛋白表达(P<0.05);显著增加了Bax蛋白表达(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,模型组血清白细胞介素-β(Interleukin-β,IL-β)、白细胞介素-6(Interleukiin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)炎症因子水平显著升高(P<0.05);丙二醛(Malonaldehyde,MDA)、肌酸激酶(Creatine Kinase,CK)、肌钙蛋白I(TroponinI,TnI)活性显著升高(P<0.05);SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,10、20、30 mg/kg虎黄烧伤搽剂白藜芦醇苷显著降低了血清IL-β、IL-6、TNF-α炎症因子水平(P<0.05);MDA、CK、TnI活性显著降低(P<0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,模型组JNK蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);p-JNK蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,10、20、30 mg/kg虎黄烧伤搽剂白藜芦醇苷对JNK蛋白水平没有显著影响(P>0.05);但显著降低了p-JNK蛋白水平。结论虎黄烧伤搽剂白藜芦醇苷对放疗后皮肤癌大鼠细胞有抑制作用,提高了凋亡水平,增强了机体免疫力,且机制与JNK信号通路有关。

^(32)P-β射线致急性放射性皮肤损伤模型的建立及损伤机制

背景:急性放射性皮肤损伤的临床表现为反复发作的坏死性溃疡,其发病机制仍不完全清楚,建立合适的动物模型对其发病机制及预防治疗的研究具有重要临床价值。目的:建立急性β射线放射性皮肤损伤模型,初步探究其损伤机制。方法:69只SD大鼠随机分为30,45和^(60)Gyβ射线照射组(n=21)及对照组(n=6),采用^(32)P放射性核素对大鼠背部进行单次局部照射,对照组除不照射外其余操作与各照射组相同。造模后监测各组大鼠体质量,各照射组分别于照射后第7,15,30,45,60天各取3只大鼠切取皮肤组织观察损伤情况,包括皮肤外观、苏木精-伊红染色、Masson染色、透射电镜、TUNEL实验观察,另外采用免疫组化、Western Blot观察皮肤样本中Bcl-2、Bax及P53凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果与结论:①照射后大鼠无意外死亡,体质量呈逐渐增加趋势;②大鼠皮肤出现不同程度的表皮层坏死、炎症细胞浸润、毛囊及附属器减少、胶原纤维断裂,以^(60)Gy、^(45)Gy表现明显,血清炎症因子白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α水平显著升高,呈剂量依赖性;③电镜结果显示细胞内出现不同程度的线粒体数量减少、空泡化以及核固缩,细胞凋亡程度呈现一定的剂量依赖性;④免疫组织化学及Western Blot结果显示,照射后皮肤组织P53及Bax蛋白表达增加,Bcl-2蛋白表达减弱,^(45)Gy、^(60)Gyβ射线组与30 Gyβ射线组相比差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);^(60)Gyβ射线组与^(45)Gyβ射线组相比差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);⑤结果提示,^(32)P放射性核素^(45)Gy及^(60)Gy照射大鼠背部可成功建立急性放射性皮肤损伤动物模型,其机制与凋亡相关因子P53、Bax上调及Bcl-2下调有关,该模型可为放射性皮肤损伤预防治疗及相关机制研究提供参考。

新型双组分交联封闭聚合物水凝胶促进大鼠创面愈合的研究

目的探讨新型双组分交联封闭聚合物水凝胶对大鼠创面愈合的作用。方法采用背部皮肤打孔法构建SD大鼠创面模型,再按随机数字表法分为水凝胶组、硫酸庆大霉素组、对照组,每组6只。水凝胶组每天在创面处涂抹植物纤维素衍生物水溶液25μL,同时喷涂氧化淀粉水溶液25μL;硫酸庆大霉素组每天在创面处涂抹硫酸庆大霉素50μL;对照组不作任何处理。药物干预期间记录每天创面愈合情况并测量创面面积;药物干预10 d后麻醉大鼠,取创面组织测量创面肉芽组织面积,并检测组织中IL-6、TNF-α、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)mRNA相对表达量。结果从药物干预第4天起,水凝胶组和硫酸庆大霉素组大鼠创面面积均明显小于对照组(均P<0.05),而水凝胶组与硫酸庆大霉素组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。水凝胶组、硫酸庆大霉素组创面肉芽组织面积均明显小于对照组,组织中IL-6、TNF-αmRNA相对表达量均明显低于对照组,TGF-βmRNA相对表达量明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);而水凝胶组与硫酸庆大霉素组创面肉芽组织面积以及组织中IL-6、TNF-α、TGF-βmRNA相对表达量比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论新型双组分交联封闭聚合物水凝胶可加速大鼠创面愈合,减少炎症反应。

天沙合剂对EGFRIs致皮肤干燥大鼠水通道蛋白表达影响的实验研究

目的:探究天沙合剂通过调节水通道蛋白(aquaporins,AQPs)对表皮生长因子受体抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors,EGFRIs)造成的皮肤干燥的治疗作用机制。方法:将36只大鼠随机分为6组,分别为正常对照组、EGFRIs模型组、维生素E阳性对照组和低、中、高剂量天沙合剂组,每组6只。除正常对照组,其余5组大鼠通过连续28 d吉非替尼(37.5 mg/kg)灌胃给药构建EGFRIs诱导的背部皮肤干燥模型;从吉非替尼给药第15天开始,给予维生素E(13.5 mg/kg)或天沙合剂(8、4、2 mg/kg)干预,正常对照组和模型组给予等量生理盐水。给药结束后,观察背部皮疹情况,通过测量经皮失水评估皮肤损伤情况;通过HE染色评估皮肤组织病理变化;Western blot测定皮肤组织AQP1,AQP3和AQP5表达。结果:维生素E和高、中剂量天沙合剂组大鼠背部皮疹明显改善,经皮失水较模型组降低。维生素E和3剂量天沙合剂组大鼠皮肤组织病理变化减轻,皮肤组织AQP1、AQP3和AQP5表达增加。结论:天沙合剂可减轻EGFRIs诱导的皮肤损伤,改善其造成的皮肤病理变化,调节AQPs表达是其作用途径之一。

艾灸对D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老模型大鼠皮肤组织胶原蛋白含量及雌二醇水平的影响

目的:观察艾灸对D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老模型大鼠皮肤组织中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白含量及雌二醇水平的影响,探讨艾灸延缓皮肤衰老的作用机制。方法:大鼠颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖制备亚急性衰老模型,连续42 d。造模第22天,实验组予以艾灸“足三里”“关元”穴。42 d后,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测大鼠胶原蛋白含量及皮肤雌二醇(Estradiol)水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠皮肤组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白含量和雌二醇水平显著下降(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,艾灸可增加大鼠皮肤组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白含量和雌二醇水平(P<0.01)。结论:艾灸能显著缓解D-半乳糖所致的亚急性皮肤衰老。

马油的透皮性能研究

【目的】考察马油的体外透皮特性。【方法】用紫外分光光度计法确定马油、羊油、猪油及食用花生油的测定波长，并且建立标准曲线，以大白鼠皮为渗透膜，研究马油、羊油、猪油及食用花生油的平均渗透量、渗透速率；建立各种油脂的渗透方程。【结果】在2～10h的渗透过程中，马油的渗透量（μL／cm^2）均大于羊油、猪油和食用花生油，渗透量大小顺序为：马油〉花生油=羊油〉猪油。渗透速率（μL／cm^2．h）分别为2．1321、1．2479、0．7366和1．2764。【结论】马油、羊油、猪油及食用花生油中，马油的渗透速率最强。