Diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferaseto-platelet ratio index and liver stiffness measurement in hepatitis B virus-infected patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase

AIM To assess the diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI), and liver stiffness measurement(LSM) in patients with hepatitis B virus infection who have persistently normal alanine transaminase(PNALT).METHODS We enrolled 245 patients with chronic hepatitis B: 95 in PNALT group, 86 in intermittently elevated alanine transaminase(PIALT1) group [alanine transaminase(ALT) within 1-2 × upper limit of normal value(ULN)], and 64 in PIALT2 group(ALT > 2 × ULN). All the patients received a percutaneous liver biopsy guided by ultrasonography. LSM, biochemical tests, and complete blood cell counts were performed.RESULTS The pathological examination revealed moderate inflammatory necrosis ratios of 16.81%(16/95), 32.56%(28/86), and 45.31%(28/64), and moderate liverfibrosis of 24.2%(23/95), 33.72%(29/86), and 43.75%(28/64) in the PNALT, PIALT1, and PIALT2 groups, respectively. The degrees of inflammation and liver fibrosis were significantly higher in the PIALT groups than in the PNALT group(P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the areas under the curve(AUCs) between APRI and FIB-4 in the PNALT group; however, significant differences were found between APRI and LSM, and between FIB-4 and LSM in the PNALT group(P < 0.05 for both). In the PIALT1 and PIALT2 groups, no significant difference(P > 0.05) was found in AUCs for all comparisons(P > 0.05 for all). In the overall patients, a significant difference in the AUCs was found only between LSM and APRI(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION APRI and FIB-4 are not the ideal noninvasive hepatic fibrosis markers for PNALT patients. LSM is superior to APRI and FIB-4 in PNALT patients because of the influence of liver inflammation and necrosis.

Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis with combined serum aminotransferase/platelet ratio index and hyaluronic acid in patients with chronic hepatitis B

AIM： To construct a noninvasive assessment model consisting of routine laboratory data to predict significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. METHODS： A total of 137 consecutive patients with CriB who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups according to their aminotransferase （ALT） level. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value （PPV）, negative predictive value （NPV）, the likelihood ratio （LR） of aminotransferase/platelet ratio index （APRI） ≥ 1.5 or 〈 1.5 in combination with different hyaluronic acid （HA） cut-off points were calculated for the presence of moderate to severe fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 2 and 4） and no to mild fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 0 and 1）. RESULTS： The APRI correlated with fibrosis stage in CriB patients. The APRI ≥1.5 in combination with a cut-off HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL could detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients. The PPV was 93.7%, the specificity was 98.9%. The APRI 〈 1.5 in combination with different HA cut-off points could not detect no to mild fibrosis in CHB patients. CONCLUSION： The APRI ≥ 1.5 in combination with a HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL can detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients.

Detection of Internal Leaf Structure Deterioration Using a New Spectral Ratio Index in the Near-Infrared Shoulder Region

Spectral reflectance in the near-infrared （NIR） shoulder （750-900 nm） region is affected by internal leaf structure, but it has rarely been investigated. In this study, a dehydration treatment and three paraquat herbicide applications were conducted to explore how spectral reflectance and shape in the NIR shoulder region responded to various stresses. A new spectral ratio index in the NIR shoulder region （NSRI）, defined by a simple ratio of reflectance at 890 nm to reflectance at 780 nm, was proposed for assessing leaf structure deterioration. Firstly, a wavelength-independent increase in spectral reflectance in the NIR shoulder region was observed from the mature leaves with slight dehydration. An increase in spectral slope in the NIR shoulder would be expected only when water stress developed sufficiently to cause severe leaf dehydration resulting in an alteration in cell structure. Secondly, the alteration of leaf cell structure caused by Paraquat herbicide applications resulted in a wavelength-dependent variation of spectral reflectance in the NIR shoulder region. The NSRI in the NIR shoulder region increased significantly under an herbicide application. Although the dehydration process also occurred with the herbicide injury, NSRI is more sensitive to herbicide injury than the water-related indices （water index and normalized difference water index） and normalized difference vegetation index. Finally, the sensitivity of NSRI to stripe rust in winter wheat was examined, yielding a determination coefficient of 0.61, which is more significant than normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI）, water index （WI） and normalized difference water index （NDWI）, with a determination coefficient of 0.45, 0.36 and 0.13, respectively. In this study, all experimental results demonstrated that NSRI will increase with internal leaf structure deterioration, and it is also a sensitive spectral index for herbicide injury or stripe rust in winter wheat.

Combined acoustic radiation force impulse, aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and Forns index assessment for hepatic fibrosis grading in hepatitis B

AIM: To investigate the combined diagnostic accuracy of acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI) and Forns index for a non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS: In this prospective study, 206 patients had CHB with liver fibrosis stages F0-F4 classified by METAVIR and 40 were healthy volunteers were measured by ARFI, APRI and Forns index separately or combined as indicated. RESULTS: ARFI, APRI or Forns index demonstrated a significant correlation with the histological stage(all P < 0.001). According to the AUROC of ARFI and APRI for evaluating fibrotic stages more than F2, ARFI showed an enhanced diagnostic accuracy than APRI(P < 0.05). The combined measurement of ARFI and APRI exhibited better accuracy than ARFI alone when evaluating ≥ F2 fibrotic stage(Z = 2.77, P = 0.006). Combination of ARFI, APRI and Forns index did not obviously improve the diagnostic accuracy compared to the combination of ARFI and APRI(Z = 0.958, P = 0.338). CONCLUSION: ARFI + APRI showed enhanced diagnostic accuracy than ARFI or APRI alone for significant liver fibrosis and ARFI + APRI + Forns index shows the same effect with ARFI + APRI.

Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma development by aminotransferase to platelet ratio index in primary biliary cholangitis

AIM To investigate the usefulness of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI) in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) risk in primary biliary cholangitis(PBC).METHODS We identified PBC patients between 2000 and 2015 by searching the electronic medical database of a tertiary center. The hazard ratio(HR) of HCC with different risk factors was determined by Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS One hundred and forty-four PBC patients were recru-ited. Patients were diagnosed at a median age of 57.8 years [interquartile range(IQR): 48.7-71.5 years), and 41(28.5%) patients had cirrhosis at baseline. The median follow-up duration was 6.9 years(range: 1.0-26.3 years). Twelve patients developed HCC, with an incidence rate of 10.6 cases per 1000 patient-years. The overall 5-, 10-and 15-year cumulative incidences of HCC were 2.3% 95%CI: 0%-4.8%), 8.4%(95%CI: 1.8%-14.5%) and 21.6%(6.8%-34.1%), respectively. Older age(HR = 1.07), cirrhosis(HR = 4.38) and APRI at 1 year after treatment(APRI-r1) > 0.54(HR = 3.94) were independent factors for HCC development. APRI-r1, when combined with treatment response, further stratified HCC risk(log rank P < 0.05). The area under receiver operating curve of APRI-r1 in predicting HCC was 0.77(95%CI: 0.64-0.88).CONCLUSION APRI-r1 can be used to predict the development of HCC in PBC patients. Combination of APRI-r1 with treatment response can further stratify the HCC risk.

Aspartate transferase-to-platelet ratio index-plus: A new simplified model for predicting the risk of mortality among patients with COVID-19

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has a spectrum of clinical syndromes with serious involvement of the lung and frequent effection of the liver and hemostatic system.Blood biomarkers are affordable,rapid,objective,and useful in the evaluation and prognostication of COVID-19 patients.AIM To investigate the association between aspartate transferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI)and in-hospital mortality to develop a COVID-19 mortality prediction model.METHODS A multicenter cohort study with a retrospective design was conducted.Medical records of all consecutive adult patients admitted to Al-Azhar University Hospital(Assiut,Egypt)and Chest Hospital(Assiut,Egypt)with confirmed COVID-19 from July 1,2020 to October 1,2020,were retrieved and analyzed.The patient cohort was classified into the following two categories based on the APRI:(1)COVID-19 presenting with APRI≤0.5;and(2)COVID-19 presenting with APRI(>0.5 and≤1.5).The association between APRI and all-cause in-hospital mortality was analyzed,and the new model was developed through logistic regression analyses.RESULTS Of the 353 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria,10%were admitted to the intensive care unit(n=36)and 7%died during the hospital stay(n=25).The median age was 40 years and 50.7%were male.On admission,49%had aspartate transferase-dominant liver injury.On admission,APRI(>0.5 and≤1.5)was independently associated with all-cause in-hospital mortality in unadjusted regression analysis and after adjustment for age and sex;after stepwise adjustment for several clinically relevant confounders,APRI was still significantly associated with all-cause inhospital mortality.On admission,APRI(>0.5 and≤1.5)increased the odds of mortality by fivetimes(P<0.006).From these results,we developed a new predictive model,the APRI-plus,which includes the four predictors of age,aspartate transferase,platelets,and serum ferritin.Performance for mortality was very good,with an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.90.CONCLUSION APRI-plus is an accurate and simplified prediction model for mortality among patients with COVID-19 and is associated with in-hospital mortality,independent of other relevant predictors.

Human development index is associated with mortality-to-incidence ratios of gastrointestinal cancers

AIM:To identify the role of human development in the incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal cancers worldwide.METHODS:The age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for gastrointestinal cancers,including cancers of the esophagus,stomach,pancreas,liver,gallbladder,and colorectum,were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2008 database and United States Cancer Statistics(USCS)report.The human development index(HDI)data were calculated according to the 2011 Human Development Report.We estimated the mortality-toincidence ratios(MIRs)at the regional and national levels,and explored the association of the MIR with development levels as measured by the HDI using a modified"drug dose to inhibition response"model.Furthermore,countries were divided into four groups according to the HDI distribution,and the MIRs of the four HDI groups were compared by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test.Statespecific MIRs in the United States were predicted from the estimated HDI using the fitted non-linear model,and were compared with the actual MIRs calculated from data in the USCS report.RESULTS:The worldwide incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal cancers were as high as 39.4and 54.9 cases per 100000 individuals,respectively.Linear and non-linear regression analyses revealed an inverse correlation between the MIR of gastrointestinal cancers and the HDI at the regional and national levels(<0;P=0.0028 for regional level and<0.0001 for national level,ANOVA).The MIR differed significantly among the four HDI areas(very high HDI,0.620±0.033;high HDI,0.807±0.018;medium HDI,0.857±0.021;low HDI,0.953±0.011;P<0.001,oneway ANOVA).Prediction of the MIRs for individual United States states using best-fitted non-linear models showed little deviation from the actual MIRs in the United States.Except for 28 data points(9.93%of282),the actual MIRs of all gastrointestinal cancers were mostly located in the prediction intervals via the best-fit non-linear regression models.CONCLUSION:The inverse correlation between HDI and MIR demonstrates that more developed areas have a relatively efficacious healthcare system,resulting in low MIRs,and HDI can be used to estimate the MIR.

Effects of Use and Re-Use of Selected Vegetable Oils on the Proximate, Minerals, Mineral Ratios and Mineral Safety Index of Raw and Fried Plantain Chips: Note I

Raw and fried plantain chips obtained from the use and re-use of olive, refined palm olein and coconut oils were investigated for the proximate, mineral compositions, computed mineral ratios and the mineral safety index using standard analytical methods. For the selected oils (both use and re-use): first and second re-use and the fresh plantain chips (unprocessed plantain chips;UPC) had the following range results: proximate composition (%) (moisture: 8.20 - 12.3, crude protein: 9.70 - 8.60, fat: 7.40 - 12.9, fibre: 3.50 - 4.90, ash: 2.80 - 3.80 and carbohydrates: 63.5 - 64.8), % energy contributions (PEC: 63.4 - 70.8, PEF: 20.2 - 28.6, PEP: 8.03 - 9.66, UEDP: 4.49 - 5.08). The mineral composition (mg/100g) of the samples had the following greater than 80.0: Ca, Mg, K and P;Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn recorded values ranging between 1.00 and 4.00;Co, Se and Ni had their concentrations between 0.00 and 0.0363 whereas Pb and Cd recorded levels lower than 0.0006. In the mineral ratios, only K/(Ca + Mg) values fell within the acceptable ideal range. No MSI aberration was observed for the minerals from all the samples obtained from the various oils. The chi-square analysis showed that on parameter wise comparisons, there were no significant differences among the levels as treated based on the various oils except gross energy, Mg, K, P, Ca/P, Fe/Pb and K/Co. Also on pairwise comparison from linear correlation and regression, all these parameters were significantly different at r = 0.01 between the unprocessed and fried plantain samples: proximate, percentage energy distribution, mineral and mineral ratios. Generally, the first (day) frying showed fairly high nutrient concentration than the first and second re-use oils products. Therefore, for optimum nutrient preservation from fried plantain chips re-use of oil for frying should be sparingly allowed. However, olive showed highest level of nutrients in terms of proximate and mineral compositions.

基于病例组合指数校正抗菌药物使用强度的模型拟合研究

目的:探究病例组合指数与抗菌药物使用强度之间的关联关系,并对抗菌药物使用的评价进行调整,对其综合考量。方法:收集安徽省某三甲医院2021-2023年病例组合指数与抗菌药物相关指标,首先通过线性模型、二次曲线等8种模型拟合探索病例组合指数与抗菌药物相关指标之间的关系,随后通过秩和比综合评价法对不同科室间抗菌药物的使用情况重新评价。结果:病例组合指数与抗菌药物使用强度之间关联性较弱,但病例组合指数与同期出院人数的乘积与抗菌药物使用累积数存在较强关联,以此为基础进行的秩和比综合评价结果前后出现较大波动。结论:病例组合指数与抗菌药物使用强度之间存在间接关联,在后续抗菌药物使用的模型运算时应考虑校正,以增强评价结果的真实性。

Open Space Ratio的译名、概念辨析与适用价值

Open Space Ratio(OSR)是《1961纽约市区划决议案》中居住环境控制的核心概念与重要指标,自1990年代始国内的许多学者引进这个概念,并倡导作为规划控制指标,因此也催生了中文术语"空地率"。本文系统梳理国内有关"OSR"和"空地率"研究的30余年学术文献,基于《1961纽约市区划决议案》的法律文本,对OSR的译名及其概念作出全面的阐释,澄清了OSR指标的意义、应用目的及其范围,辨析了OSR与中文术语"空地率"本质性的概念差异,建议将OSR指标引入控制性详细规划的居住环境控制,调整和完善我国控制性详细规划的指标控制体系。

Spatial-temporal Pattern Evolution of Manufacturing Geographical Agglomeration and Influencing Factors of Old Industrial Base:A Case of Jilin Province,China

The primary object of this paper is to examine the spatial-temporal pattern evolution of manufacturing geographical agglomeration of the old industrial base.Industrial spatial agglomeration index and concentration ratio are used in this paper.Multiple linear regression models are also applied to try to explore the internal driving mechanisms on manufacturing geographical agglomeration.The results show that:1) the manufacturing agglomeration degree of Jilin Province is increasing gradually.The spatial polarization structure is visible;and the central region is the agglomeration area,in addition,the manufacturing industries of Changchun Proper present a trend of dispersion;2) the structure of manufacturing industries has changed,and the concentration ratio of labor-intensive manufacturing industry is declining,while the proportions of technology-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing industry are relatively rising;3) marketing level,location accessibility,labor resources,capital,science and technology innovation capability,scale economy and the level of globalization affect manufacturing agglomeration with different degree.There are significant differences of the effects about employment,technology,the quality of residents and the export-oriented market on the industrial concentration ratio;4) in the future,the impact of policy and institution,export-oriented market and quality of resident on manufacturing geographical agglomeration pattern will be more profound.

Optimal Mixture Ratios of Biodiesel Ethanol Diesel for Diesel Engines

In this paper, we study the best-mixture ratio of biodiesel-ethanol-diesel for diesel engines. The simulation results show that the integrated indexes including engine power, cost-effectiveness and emission properties are rather better with different optimizing index when the ratio of bio-diesel, ethanol and diesel are 71.58:2.72:25.70 and 50:2.4127:47.5873.

Research on Evaluating Index of Lightning Protection Safety Performance of High Voltage Overhead Transmission Line

In order to improve the lightning protection performance of transmission lines, lightning protection management has been divided into every tower that lightning protection performance has been evaluated respectively. According to factors such as landform, span, tower type, grounding resistance, isolator type, and so on, relative ratio of tripping operation of every tower in the line has been calculated to evaluate its lightning protection safety performance, it is beneficial to operation maintenance and lightning reconstruction of transmission lines.

Crown Ratio and Relative Spacing Relationships for Loblolly Pine Plantations

Two loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) culture/density studies were established in 1995-1998 across the Lower Coastal Plain and Upper Coastal Plain/Piedmont regions of the southern USA. Each installation contains 12 plots of loblolly pine planted at six levels of density from 741 to 4448 trees/ha in combination with two levels of cultural intensity, operational and intensive. The data from 37 viable installations were used to evaluate the crown ratio and relative spacing relationship of loblolly pine plantations. The effects of planting density, site quality, and cultural intensity on the relationship were investigated with a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach. The crown ratio and relative spacing relationship is exceedingly predictable. When loblolly pine plantation stands reached the average live crown ratio of 0.40, a critical point representing a generally acceptable level of tree vigor, the corresponding relative spacing index ranged from 0.11 to 0.20, mainly depending on initial planting density. The information about the crown ratio and relative spacing relationship would be useful for selecting the best intensity and timing of thinning.

Novel immunological and nutritional-based prognostic index for gastric cancer

AIM: To assess the prognostic significance of immunological and nutritional-based indices, including the prognostic nutritional index(PNI), neutrophillymphocyte ratio(NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in gastric cancer.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 632 gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy between1998 and 2008. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated to compare the predictive ability of the indices, together with estimating the sensitivity, specificity and agreement rate.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for overall survival(OS). Propensity score analysis was performed to adjust variables to control for selection bias.RESULTS: Each index could predict OS in gastric cancer patients in univariate analysis, but only PNI had independent prognostic significance in multivariate analysis before and after adjustment with propensity scoring(hazard ratio, 1.668; 95% confidence interval:1.368-2.035). In subgroup analysis, a low PNI predicted a significantly shorter OS in patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ disease(P = 0.019, P < 0.001), T3-T4 tumors(P <0.001), or lymph node metastasis(P < 0.001). Canton score, a combination of PNI, NLR, and platelet, was a better indicator for OS than PNI, with the largest area under the curve for 12-, 36-, 60-mo OS and overall OS(P = 0.022, P = 0.030, P < 0.001, and P = 0.024,respectively). The maximum sensitivity, specificity, and agreement rate of Canton score for predicting prognosis were 84.6%, 34.9%, and 70.1%, respectively.CONCLUSION: PNI is an independent prognostic factor for OS in gastric cancer. Canton score can be a novel preoperative prognostic index in gastric cancer.

脑卒中静脉溶栓后早期神经功能恶化诺莫图预测模型的建立与验证

目的探究脑卒中静脉溶栓(IVT)后早期神经功能恶化(END)的危险因素,并构建诺莫图预测模型进行验证。方法回顾性分析2020年5月至2023年5月期间在大连市中心医院就诊的182例脑卒中患者的临床资料,所有患者均接受重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)溶栓治疗,根据溶栓后患者发生END的情况分为END组(n=52)和非END组(n=130)。比较两组临床资料,采用二元Logistic回归分析法明确发生END的危险因素,将独立危险因素引入R软件构建风险列线图,采用Bootstrap法验证模型区分度,绘制Calibration曲线和受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线进行拟合度及预测效能评估。结果END组患者既往脑梗死占比、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、发病至溶栓时间、溶栓时间、责任血管重度狭窄占比及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)水平高于非END组,血红蛋白(Hb)、预后营养指数(PNI)水平则低于非END组(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归模型显示,入院时高NIHSS评分、高HbA1c、责任血管重度狭窄及高NLR和低PNI是脑卒中IVT后发生END的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。根据独立危险因素建立脑卒中IVT后发生END的预测模型方程,采用Bootstrap法对预测模型进行内部验证,结果显示模型区分度良好,Calibration curve显示模型拟合度好,引入独立危险因素构建的诺莫图预测模型的AUC为0.928(95%CI:0.880~0.961,P<0.05),预测效能优于PNI、NLR单独预测(P<0.05)。结论入院NIHSS评分、HbA1c、责任血管狭窄程度及NLR和PNI是患者脑卒中IVT后发生END的影响因素,以此构建诺莫图预测模型区分度、拟合度良好,对发生END具有较高的预测价值。

蛛网膜下腔出血患者外周血NLR、LMR、PLR和SII值变化的临床意义

目的 分析动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)对血液学参数的影响及其与患者临床状态和短期预后的关系。方法 分析2019年3月至2022年5月于四川省科学城医院神经外科治疗的62例颅内动脉瘤(IA)破裂急性期患者和55例正常对照组。采用流式细胞术分析两组患者外周血中白细胞(WBC)与淋巴细胞(LC)计数的变化,计算中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比(NLR)、淋巴细胞/单核细胞比(LMR)、血小板/淋巴细胞比(PLR)和全身免疫-炎症指数(SII),并分析血液学参数与患者临床状况和短期预后的关系。结果 与正常对照组相比,IA破裂组WBC、中性粒细胞(Ns)计数、NLR以及SII均明显升高,而LC计数和LMR降低。此外相比于临床状态恢复良好的患者,临床状态较差的患者LC计数明显降低,而NLR、PLR和SII值明显升高。格拉斯哥昏迷评分法(GCS)评分较低的患者CD3+、CD4-、CD8-细胞比例减少。此外,LC计数降低和PLR升高与较差的短期预后相关。结论 IA破裂后会导致全身免疫和炎症反应,LC计数、NLR、PLR和SII值可以作为临床状态及预后的标志物。

准噶尔盆地东南缘页岩油储层脆性预测与评价

准噶尔盆地东南缘二叠系中下部发育页岩油致密储层,脆性预测与评价对其勘探和开发有重要意义。本文利用岩石物理实验、测井资料和叠前地震资料计算了准噶尔盆地东南缘二叠系页岩油致密储层脆性指数,对Rickman经典公式法、杨氏模量与泊松比比值法、拉梅系数法和剪切模量法进行了比较、分析与评价。研究认为:1)杨氏模量相对泊松比对岩性有更好的区分度,由拉梅系数表征的泥岩分布率较高;2)根据文献所得测井多参数计算脆性指数的方法应用效果不佳,在Castagna经验公式换算横波速度基础上计算的脆性指数具有较好的应用效果;3)由YPD(Young's modulus-Poisson's ratio-density)式和LMR(拉梅系数-密度)式反演的弹性参数变化率也能较好地指示有利储层,尤以密度变化率为最佳,该属性在扇三角洲前缘及分流河道特征上得到很好的展示;4)岩石物理实验和实际资料应用均表明,ρE/σ为研究区脆性的最佳表征公式,效果好于Rickman经典公式与其他方法。

Predictive model for non-malignant portal vein thrombosis associated with cirrhosis based on inflammatory biomarkers

BACKGROUND Portal vein thrombosis(PVT),a complication of liver cirrhosis,is a major public health concern.PVT prediction is the most effective method for PVT diagnosis and treatment.AIM To develop and validate a nomogram and network calculator based on clinical indicators to predict PVT in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS Patients with cirrhosis hospitalized between January 2016 and December 2021 at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University were screened and 643 patients with cirrhosis who met the eligibility criteria were retrieved.Following a 1:1 propensity score matching 572 patients with cirrhosis were screened,and relevant clinical data were collected.PVT risk factors were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Variance inflation factors and correlation matrix plots were used to analyze multicollinearity among the variables.A nomogram was constructed to predict the probability of PVT based on independent risk factors for PVT,and its predictive performance was verified using a receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC),calibration curves,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Finally,a network calculator was constructed based on the nomograms.RESULTS This study enrolled 286 cirrhosis patients with PVT and 286 without PVT.LASSO analysis revealed 13 variables as strongly associated with PVT occurrence.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed nine indicators as independent PVT risk factors,including etiology,ascites,gastroesophageal varices,platelet count,D-dimer,portal vein diameter,portal vein velocity,aspartate transaminase to neutrophil ratio index,and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.LASSO and correlation matrix plot results revealed no significant multicollinearity or correlation among the variables.A nomogram was constructed based on the screened independent risk factors.The nomogram had excellent predictive performance,with an area under the ROC curve of 0.821 and 0.829 in the training and testing groups,respectively.Calibration curves and DCA revealed its good clinical performance.Finally,the optimal cutoff value for the total nomogram score was 0.513.The sensitivity and specificity of the optimal cutoff values were 0.822 and 0.706,respectively.CONCLUSION A nomogram for predicting PVT occurrence was successfully developed and validated,and a network calculator was constructed.This can enable clinicians to rapidly and easily identify high PVT risk groups.

Multi-index analysis of the melting process of laterite metallized pellet

Herein, a multi-index analysis of the nickel content of an alloy, output rate of the alloy, nickel recovery rate, and iron recovery rate during the melting of laterite metallized pellets was performed. The thermodynamic reduction behavior of oxides such as NiO, FeO, Fe_3 O_4, and Cr_2 O_3 was studied using the FactSage software, which revealed that SiO_2 is not conducive to the reduction of iron oxides, whereas the addition of basic oxides such as CaO and MgO is beneficial for the reduction of iron oxides. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis to achieve greater nickel recovery and lower iron recovery rates, the optimum experimental parameters in the orthogonal experiment were A3 B1 C3(t = 30 min, C/O = 0.4, R = 1.2); the indicators wNi, φalloy, ηNi, and ηFe had values of 15.0 wt%, 12.1%, 44.9%, and 96.4%, respectively. In single-factor experiments, increasing basicity(R) substantially improved the separation effect in the low-basicity range 0.5 ≤ R ≤ 0.8 but not in the high-basicity range 0.8 ≤ R ≤ 1.2. Similar results were obtained for the effect of the C/O ratio. Moreover, the recovery rate of nickel increased with increasing recovery rate of iron.