Dan Huang Ming Mu Recipe Suppresses the Progression of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Retinopathy After Retinal Laser Photocoagulation in Brown Norway Rats via Down-regulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Up-regulating Pigment Epithelium-derived

Objective To analyze the effects of Dan Huang Ming Mu Recipe(DHMMR)(a pharmaceutical preparation from herbs and having the function of replenishing vital essence,removing heat,promoting blood circulation and excreting pathogenic water) on diabetic retinopathy(DR) after retinal laser photocoagulation through regulating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF).Methods Forty male Brown Norway(BN) rats were randomly divided into blank group(group A,10 BN rats) and model group(30 BN rats).DR models were induced by 40 mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ) and the body weight and blood glucose of rats were monitored.After 12-week injection,fluorescein fundus angiography(FFA) and histopathological examination were detected to confirm the successful establishment of DR models.Subsequently,the right eyes of model group rats were conducted retinal laser photocoagulation with the left eyes having no retinal laser photocoagulation and rats of the model group were randomly divided into group B(the model control group),group C(the positive control group),and group D(the DHMMR group),with 10 rats in each group.Rats of the group A and the group B were given vehicle,and the group C were given calcium dobesilate suspension by gavage,and the group D were given DHMMR by gavage.After 4-week gavage,FFA was carried out to observe the fundus microvascular change.Then,the rats were sacrificed to do histopathological examinations and the serum levels of P-selectin,cAMP,cGMP,and the relative expression of the protein of VEGF and PEDF in retina were detected.Results After 12-week STZ injection,the blood glucose of the model group were pronouncedly higher than the blank group(P < 0.01).Fundus micro-hemangioma changes were observed in the rats of the model group through FFA,and the rats of the blank group did not see any changes.The pictures of HE staining showed that the retinal structure of the model group was more disordered than the blank group.After 4-week gavage,treatments with DHMMR showed dramatic reduction of serum levels of Pselectin,cAMP and cGMP compared with the group B(P < 0.01).FFA and histopathological examinations of DHMMR-treated rats revealed significantly suppression of retinal edema,fundus microvascular destruction and retinal destruction distinguishing from the group B.And the relative expression of VEGF protein of the group D and the group A was markedly lower than that of the group B(P < 0.01).The relative expression of PEDF protein of the group D and the group A was dramatically higher than that of the group B to the contrary(P < 0.01).Conclusions DHMMR demonstrates pronounced suppressive effects on the progression of DR after retinal laser photocoagulation,through down-regulating VEGF and upregulating PEDF.

Endothelin-1, an important mitogen of smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE: To study the features of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1). METHODS: VSMCs of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats were cultured and treated with ET-1. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene expression was measured using both Northern blot and an enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: ET-1 resulted in an increase in bFGF transcripts at 8 - 24 h; bFGF levels were significantly higher in VSMCs treated with ET-1 than in those not treated. However, VSMCs growth responses in SHR and WKY were different. Smooth muscle cells of SHR were hyper-responsive to ET-1. Maximal bFGF mRNA levels were elevated 3.5-fold at 4 h of stimulation in WKY and 8-fold at 8h in SHR4. Moreover, the proliferation of VSMCs induced by ET-1 was inhibited by antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (10 micromol/L AS-bFGF) but not sense bFGF oligomers at the same concentrations, being reduced by 80% in SHR and 40% in WKY vs control, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of AS-bFGF oligomers on SHR SMC proliferation is significantly greater than on WKY SMC proliferation. CONCLUSION: ET-1 may be required for exaggerated vascular growth responses in SHR and bFGF may be involved.

Influence of Valsartan on myocardial apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE: To explore the pathogenic changes of myocardial apoptosis in heart hypertrophy during hypertension and evaluate the anti-apoptosis effect of Valsartan. METHODS: Thirty spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were divided into two groups: 15 treated with Valsartan (20 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) (SHR + Valsartan group), the others with placebo (SHR + placebo group), with 15 normal Wistar rats as control. Systolic blood pressure was measured by the tail-cuff method. The observation period was from 8 to 16 weeks of age. Cardiac apoptosis was evaluated by a Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated dUTP-biotin Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULTS: Mean blood pressure values were 127 +/- 2 mm Hg in controls, 163 +/- 6 mm Hg in the SHR + Valsartan group and 193 +/- 7 mm Hg in the SHR + placebo group at 16 weeks of age, whereas the blood pressure in 8-week-old SHR and Wistar rats were 175 +/- 3 mm Hg and 125 +/- 5 mm Hg, respectively. The ratio of the heart weight over body weight declined in Wistar (3.07 +/- 0.03 mg/g) and SHR + Valsartan groups (3.22 +/- 0.19 mg/g) compared with the SHR + placebo group (4.02 +/- 0.31 mg/g) (P

Endothelin receptor antagonist combined with a calcium channel blocker attenuates renal injury in spontaneous hypertensive rats with diabetes

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the mixed endothelin receptor antagonist, bosentan, combined with the long-acting calcium channel blocker, amlodipine, compared to the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril, on the progressive renal injury in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) with diabetes. METHODS: Diabetic hypertensive rats (SHR-DM) were induced by streptozotozin injected in male SHR (7-week-old),and divided into an untreated and three treated groups: 1) cilazapril treated group; 2) bosentan+amlodipine treated group; and 3) amlodipine treated group. Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and SHR rats served as normotensive and hypertensive control, respectively. The mean arterial blood pressure, renal function, endothelin and angiotensin II levels as well as the protein expression of renal extracellular matrix components and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 were determined at the end of the 4th week. RESULTS: Mean arterial blood pressure significantly increased in SHR and SHR-DM rats compared to WKY rats. All the therapies reduced the blood pressure to normal levels. However, the enhanced urinary protein excretion, the decreased creatinine clearance as well as the increased plasma and intrarenal endothelin and angiotens in II levels were found in the untreated SHR-DM and prevented by treatment with bosentan+amlodipine and cilazapril. Similarly, these two kinds of therapies in SHR-DM abolished the overexpression of renal TGF-beta1 by Western blot analysis and reduced the accumulation of collagen type IV, laminin and fibronectin proteins by an immunochemical approach. Amlodipine monotherapy had no detectable effects on the above parameters. CONCLUSION: Bosentan combined with amlodipine can offer similar renoprotective effects on that of cilazapril and may be a potent therapy to attenuate renal injury by reducing renal protein levels of TGF-beta1 in diabetes with a hypertensive state.

Ventricular remodeling by Scutellarein treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE: To observe reversal of ventricular remodeling by the protein kinase C inhibitor Scutellarein in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS: Twelve SHRs were randomly divided into two groups. Scutellarein and saline (10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) were given by intraperitoneal injection to two groups of rats separately. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and ventricular weight index (LVW/BW, RVW/BW) were measured. A polarization microscope and an image analyzer system (IAS) were used to observe changes in cardiovascular structure and to count the content of cardiac muscle interstitial collagen. RESULTS: The pathologic changes in the left ventricle in the Scutellarein group rats (SHR(D)) improved to varying degrees, including hypertrophy of the cardiac muscle and collagen volume fraction. CONCLUSION: Scutellarein can reverse ventricular remodeling, improve myocardial stiffness and protect heart cardiac muscle.

姜黄素抑制BN大鼠脉络膜新生血管的机制研究

目的:探讨姜黄素抑制BN大鼠脉络膜新生血管(CNV)的机制。方法:激光光凝诱导BN大鼠36只建立CNV模型,随机分为6组,每组6只。正常组BN大鼠正常饲养,不做干预;实验组BN大鼠行532nm倍频激光光凝后,根据不同分组分别干预14d:模型组:生理盐水灌胃14d;雷珠单抗组:光凝后第2d玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗注射液(10mg/mL,0.2mL/支)1次5μL。姜黄素组:低[100mg/(kg·d)]、中[200mg/(kg·d)]、高[400mg/(kg·d)]剂量的姜黄素混悬液分别灌胃14d。光凝14d后进行眼底照相、FFA与ICGA检查。制作BN大鼠CNV眼组织病理学标本,采用HE染色法观察不同组CNV中央厚度。制作BN大鼠CNV眼组织病理学标本,采用免疫组织化学法观察不同组CNV眼组织中AKT/p-AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路各因子蛋白的表达情况。采用RT-qPCR法检测CNV眼组织中AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路各因子mRNA的相对表达量。采用蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)法检测CNV眼组织中AKT/p-AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路各因子蛋白的相对表达量。结果:模型组,雷珠单抗组,姜黄素低、中、高剂量组CNV生成率分别为78.18%、73.21%、77.19%、75.86%、74.55%,均大于70%;荧光素渗漏平均光密度值分别为182.12±6.59、119.22±8.03、166.45±8.33、164.34±5.69、149.22±6.45;雷珠单抗组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05);姜黄素低、中、高剂量组较雷珠单抗组显著升高(P<0.05),其中姜黄素高剂量组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。HE染色结果显示:正常组BN大鼠视网膜组织各层结构清晰、排列整齐。光凝后14d,雷珠单抗组CNV中央厚度较模型组显著减少(P<0.05);姜黄素高剂量组较模型组显著减少(P<0.05),较雷珠单抗组显著增加(P<0.05)。免疫组化结果显示:正常组BN大鼠视网膜组织结构中AKT、p-AKT、HIF-1α、VEGF因子表达呈阴性,未见棕黄色反应物。光凝后14d,模型组AKT、p-AKT、HIF-1α、VEGF因子的表达高于正常组(P<0.05);雷珠单抗组低于模型组(P<0.05);姜黄素高剂量组的表达较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),较雷珠单抗组显著增加(P<0.05)。mRNA结果显示:光凝后14d,模型组AKT、HIF-1α和VEGF mRNA相对表达量均高于正常组(P<0.05);雷珠单抗组均低于模型组(P<0.05);姜黄素高剂量组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),较雷珠单抗组显著增加(P<0.05)。Western blot结果显示:光凝后14d,AKT蛋白各实验组间比较差异无统计学意义。p-AKT蛋白相对表达量模型组较正常组显著增加(P<0.05);雷珠单抗组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05);姜黄素高剂量组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。HIF-1α和VEGF蛋白相对表达量模型组较正常组显著增加(P<0.05),雷珠单抗组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),HIF-1α蛋白相对表达量姜黄素高剂量组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),较雷珠单抗组显著增加(P<0.05)。VEGF蛋白相对表达量姜黄素中、高剂量组较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:400mg/(kg·d)的姜黄素具有抑制BN大鼠实验性CNV的作用。姜黄素抑制BN大鼠实验性CNV的机制可能与降低AKT/p-AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路的活性密切相关。

Five novel monoclonal antibodies to thymic epithelial cell surface antigens in rats

OBJECTIVE: To establish monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against thymic epithelial cells and study the function of epithelial cells during T-cell differentiation in the thymus. METHODS: Hybridomas secreting mAbs against thymic epithelial cells were derived by immunization of Balb/c mice with two thymic epithelial cell lines, TaD3 and FTE. The distribution of antigens recognized by these mAbs was detected by immunochemical staining and cytofluorographic analysis, and the molecular weight of the antigens by immunoblotting. RESULTS: Five specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were obtained. On the basis of their distribution in the thymus determined by immunochemical staining, mAb RE-4D8 was regarded as clusters of thymic epithelium staining (CTES) type IIA: mAb RE-12B2, which showed a unique distribution pattern only in the medulla, was CTES type V: mAb RE-5C6 was CTES type IV: mAb RE-6D6 might be CTES type IIB: and mAb RE-1D4 was classified as type V. The molecular weight (MW) of antigen RE-4D8, RE-6D6 and RE-12B2 were 120 kDa, 220 kDa and 35 kDa, respectively. Antigen RE-1D4 is a novel marker of cortical epithelium, several established thymic epithelial cell lines were classified and their original intrathymic locations were determined by these mAbs. Thymic cell lines, TuD3 and FTE were cortical phenotypes whereas TaD3 had a medullar phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: These mAbs clearly demonstrate the heterogeneity of the thymic epithelium; they could detect antigens not only in the cytoplasm but also on the surface of thymic epithelial cells. Our data suggest that these newly established mAbs may help elucidate the interaction between thymocytes and epithelial cells during T cell maturation.

BN大鼠和豚鼠评价双黄连注射液的过敏反应

目的为摸索适合评价中药过敏反应的动物,采用BN大鼠和豚鼠评价双黄连注射液过敏的反应。方法BN大鼠和豚鼠分为ip或iv临床等倍剂量组(分别为360及300mg.kg-1)、iv临床2倍剂量组(分别为720及600mg.kg-1)。以双黄连注射液为致敏原,分别对2种动物进行致敏,隔日1次,共3次。同时设生理盐水对照组,观察各组过敏反应症状;采用ELISA法测量血清和组织中组胺含量,HE染色法光镜下观察肺组织和气管病理改变。结果双黄连注射液可以造成BN大鼠及豚鼠发生过敏反应,过敏反应发生率BN大鼠组明显高于豚鼠组,分别为62.86%和36.11%。双黄连注射液可使BN大鼠和豚鼠血清、肺和气管中组胺含量均明显升高,与各相应的对照组比较均具有显著性差异,同时,从数据上看,BN大鼠各组的组胺释放率均高于豚鼠各组。结论双黄连注射液可造成BN大鼠及豚鼠发生过敏反应。BN大鼠的敏感性可能高于豚鼠,但还需进一步研究。

BN大鼠致敏动物模型研究

目的研究BN大鼠作为评价食物蛋白质过敏性动物模型的可行性。方法通过经口和腹腔注射2种途径给予BN大鼠致敏原和非致敏原。(1)30只雌性BN大鼠,随机分为卵清蛋白(OVA)组、马铃薯酸性磷酸酶(PAP)组和阴性对照组,每组10只。OVA组和PAP组分别每日1次经口灌胃给予1mg/mlOVA、PAP1ml,对照组灌同剂量的生理盐水,共42d。(2)40只雌性BN大鼠,随机分为OVA组、OVA+Al(OH)3(佐剂)组、PAP组和阴性对照组,每组10只。OVA组、OVA+Al(OH)3组和PAP组在试验第1、5、10天分别经腹腔注射剂量0.1mg/ml的OVA溶液、含Al(OH)3的OVA溶液(OVA+Al(OH)3=1+1)、PAP溶液1ml,观察42d。对照组腹腔注射同剂量的生理盐水。于第14、28和42天取血分离血清,测定特异性抗体IgG和IgE。于第21和35天取血分离血浆,测定组胺。测定各组动物的血压变化及胃肠道渗透性。结果致敏原OVA可激发BN大鼠的过敏反应,包括部分大鼠血压的暂时性下降、特异性抗体(尤其是特异性IgE)升高、组胺升高和部分大鼠的胃肠道通透性增加,而非致敏原PAP反应阴性。结论BN大鼠致敏动物模型是比较理想的评价食物蛋白质过敏性的动物模型。

PVG大鼠生化标记基因的测定

目的 对PVG大鼠进行生化标记基因的测定。方法 依据国家标准GB/T 14927.1—2008《实验动物近交系小鼠、大鼠生化标记检测法》测定,随机抽取4只PVG大鼠,取(肺、肾、小肠、睾丸)组织器官进行样品制备,用醋酸纤维薄膜电泳法检测11个生化位点(Hbb、Cs1、Alp1、Akp1、Esl、Es3、Es4、Es6、Es8、Es9和Esl0)。结果 PVG大鼠11个位点的基因型分别是Hbb为b型,Cs1为b型,Alp1为b型,Akp1为a型,Esl为a型,Es3为d型,Es4为b型,Es6为b型,Es8为b型,Es9为a型和Esl0为a型,且均为纯合。结论 PVG大鼠遗传生化标记结果符合近交系特征。

Effects of electroacupuncture at Taichong(LR 3) and Baihui(DU 20)on cardiac hypertrophy in rats with spontaneous hypertension

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) at Taichong(LR 3) and Baihui(DU 20)on myocardial hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs).METHODS: Thirty-six SHRs were randomly assigned to model, EA, and Losartan groups, with twelve rats per group. Twelve Wistar Kyoto rats were selected as the normal control group. Systolic blood pressure(SBP) and cardiac function were measured in all rats.Expression levels of factors associated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway were evaluated by Western blotting and real-time PCR.Pathological changes of the heart tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.RESULTS: After treatment, enhanced SBP was significantly decreased in the EA and Losartan groups compared with the model group(P < 0.01). Echocardiographic and morphological analyses revealed that enhanced end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, as well as ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight were markedly diminished in the EA and Losartan groups(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), while reduced left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly ameliorated(P < 0.01). Real-time PCR and western blotting analyses showed that the expression levels of PI3K,Akt, and mT OR in SHRs were significantly up-regulated by EA and Losartan(P < 0.01), while the expression levels of PTEN and ANP were down-regulated(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: EA at Taichong(LR 3) and Baihui(DU20) inhibited the development of cardiac hypertrophy and improved the cardiac function in SHRs, possibly through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.

激光损伤对BN大鼠视网膜缝隙连接蛋白Cx43分布的影响

目的 探讨细胞间隙连接蛋白(connexin 4 3,Cx4 3)在(BrownNorway ,BN)大鼠视网膜中的分布特点以及氪激光损伤视网膜后Cx4 3分布的变化。方法 应用雄性BN为研究对象,氪红激光眼底光凝(波长6 4 7nm ,能量36 0mW ,光斑直径5 0 μm ,曝光0 .0 5s)。右眼视盘周围10个激光点。光凝后1周开始取材,应用免疫组化方法观察Cx4 3在BN大鼠视网膜中的分布特点。结果 正常视网膜内界膜、视神经纤维层以及神经节细胞层明显表达,神经节细胞表达的主要位置是细胞浆和细胞膜,色素上皮细胞全层表达,内外颗粒层及内外丛状层无表达。激光损伤后的内界膜,视神经纤维层以及神经节细胞层Cx4 3表达明显减少,瘢痕区视网膜色素上皮细胞接近消失,而激光斑周边色素上皮细胞表达不受影响,激光斑部位增殖的成纤维样细胞部分表达。结论 正常视网膜的Cx4 3主要分布在内界膜、神经纤维层、视网膜节细胞层和视网膜色素上皮层,激光损伤后内界膜、视神经纤维层以及神经节细胞层表达减弱,激光斑周围色素上皮细胞中表达无明显变化。

Effect of Taichong(LR 3) acupuncture in spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Taichong(LR3) acupuncture points(acupoints) on the expression of glucose transporter protein 1(GLUT1) in the hypothalamus of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs) as measured by combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography(PETCT).METHODS: Spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)were divided into model, Taichong(LR 3) acupuncture, and sham groups. Additionally, Tokyo Wistar rats were used as the control group. Changes in blood pressure were recorded in different groups of rats before and after the corresponding treatment. Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining was used to study basic morphological changes, and immunohistochemistry was used to determine GLUT1 expression in the hypothalamus. Further,PET-CT was utilized to elucidate the antihypertensive mechanism after acupuncture at the Taichong(LR 3) acupoints.RESULTS: PET-CT indicated activation of the hypothalamus. Measurement of blood pressure showed that acupuncture at the Taichong(LR 3) acupoints lowered blood pressure. HE staining did not show any significant pathological changes, although differences in cell number were observed. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated a GLUT1 downregulation in the SHRs of the Taichong(LR 3) acupuncture group after the treatment.CONCLUSION: Acupuncture at Taichong(LR 3) acupoints lowered blood pressure in SHRs, with possible mechanisms being changes in cell number and GLUT1 expression in the hypothalamus.

Mechanism and effect of Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) on serum calcium in spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE： To observe the impact of Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） on spontaneously hypertensive rats via blood pressure, serum calcium, vascular smooth muscle membrane L-type calcium channel α1 C subunit （CaL-α1C）, plasma membrane calci- um-ATPase （PMCA） mRNA expression, and the L-type calcium channel in vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS： Twelve-week-old male rats with sponta- neous hypertension were divided into three groups： a Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） group （group 1）, a nifedipine group （group 2）, and a dis- tilled water group （group 3）. All were given a four-week treatment. Blood pressure and dissocia- tive serum calcium were examined before treat- ment. Blood pressure was taken every week during treatment. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to examine dissociative serum calcium. Re-verse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of CaL-α1C and PM- CA1 mRNA. The patch clamp technique was used to examine the electrophysiological characteristics of the vascular smooth muscle cell calcium chan- nels. RESULTS： After treatment, blood pressure of the Shijueming （Concha Halioticlis） group lowered but not significantly （P〉0.05）. Blood pressure of the nifedipine group lowered significantly （P〈0.05）. Blood pressure of the distilled water group re- mained high. The concentration of serum calcium in the Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） and the dis- tilled water groups lowered （P〈0.05）. Expression of CaL-α1C mRNA in the nifedipine group decreased compared with the distilled water group （P〈0.01）. There was the decreasing trend in the Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） group, but it was not statistically significant. Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） also had effects on the expression of PMCA1 mRNA but with- out statistical significance. However, there was a significant decreasing effect on vascular smooth muscle cell Ica-L flow. CONCLUSION： This study indicated that Shijuem- ing （Concha Haliotidis） could increase serum calci- um and decrease blood pressure. It may work by in- fluencing calcium channels, expression of PMCA1 mRNA, and regulating ion calcium channels and calcium-ATPase.

近交系LEWIS→BN大鼠原位肝移植急性排斥模型的建立

目的建立近交系LEWIS→BN大鼠原位肝移植急性排斥模型,分析手术成功率的影响因素及该模型的稳定性,并总结该模型区别于常规使用的SD、Wistar等封闭群大鼠间原位肝移植的特点。方法实验组选择近交系雄性LEWIS及BN大鼠各30只分别作为供、受体,对照组选择雄性BN大鼠各9只作为供、受体。采用Kamada"二袖套"法实施原位肝移植术,不吻合肝动脉;于术后3,5,7,9,11,13,15d处死受体获取肝脏组织,用中性甲醛固定后制作石蜡切片进行HE染色以判定急性排斥的程度。结果原位肝移植术成功率约为74%,导致手术失败的原因依次为:肝上下腔静脉出血,门静脉出血,麻醉意外和其他;LEWIS→BN组出现不同程度的排斥现象,而BN→BN组则无排斥现象。与封闭群大鼠肝移植比较,该模型具有自身特点,即在排斥出现的时间、程度和结果转归上表现并非完全一致,然而所有受体均出现了排斥现象。结论大鼠肝移植是目前研究肝移植理想模型,本研究采用Kamada的"二袖套"法成功建立了大鼠肝移植急性排斥模型。

重组白介素6-假单胞菌外毒素融合蛋白对正常BN大鼠骨髓粒系造血的作用

本文报道了重组白介素6-假单胞菌外毒素融合蛋白(IL-6-PE40)对正常BN大鼠骨髓粒系造血的体外效应。10ng/ml的IL-6-PE40对高表达IL-6受体的U266骨髓瘤细胞的蛋白质合成抑制率为50％,1000ng/ml则为100％。1～1000ng/mlIL-6-PE40对正常骨髓未纯化细胞的CFU-GM集落形成和DNA合成无明显抑制,但IL-6却具有一定的刺激效应。提示正常骨髓粒系祖细胞和骨髓细胞可能不表达IL-6受体,IL-6-PE40对粒系造血仍具有某些细胞毒作用,但被IL-6-PE40中的IL-6极大地削弱了。

BN大鼠玻璃体内注射曲安奈德抑制脉络膜新生血管生长

目的观察曲安奈德(triamocinlone acetonide,TA)对氪激光诱导的BN大鼠脉络膜新生血管(choroidal neovascularization,CNV)生长的抑制作用。方法 将36只健康BN大鼠随机分为TA组和对照组,每只大鼠随机抽取一眼进行实验。建立BN大鼠CNV动物模型,TA组视网膜光凝后立即玻璃体内注射40g.L-1TA8μL,对照组则注射同等容积的等渗BSS液。在术后2周和4周行FFA检查,FFA检查后摘除BN大鼠眼球制做病理组织切片,光镜下观察CNV情况,并通过免疫组织化学方法检查ICAM-1蛋白在BN大鼠CNV中的表达,采用原位杂交方法检查ICAM-1mRNA在CNV中的转录情况,同时对实验数据进行半定量分析。结果 TA组的ICAM-1蛋白和ICAM-1mRAN阳性着色的IOD值、CNV面积及FFA检测的IOD值明显低于同时期的对照组(均为P<0.05)。结论 TA能够降低ICAM-1mRNA转录和ICAM-1蛋白的表达,有效地抑制了BN大鼠CNV的生长,表明TA是抑制CNV生长的一种很有发展前景的药物。

Proliferation of aortic smooth muscle cells and renin-angiotensin system in SHR rats

目的：探讨ＳＨＲ大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞（ＡＳＭＣ）异常增殖和肾素血管紧张素系统（ＲＡＳ）的关系．方法：测定血管紧张素Ｉ（Ａｎｇ）、卡托普利（Ｃａｐ）、沙拉新（Ｓａｒ）对培养的ＳＨＲ、ＷＫＹＡＳＭＣ增殖和Ａｎｇ、血管紧张素转化酶（ＡＣＥ）的影响．结果：Ａｎｇ在２％血清培养基中可刺激ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣ增生．ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣ分裂增殖能力比ＷＫＹ强，ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣＲＡＳ处于高功能状态．Ｃａｐ长期（４周）干预显著抑制ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣ异常增殖和Ａｎｇ、ＡＣＥ活性，Ｓａｒ长期干预同样抑制ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣ的增殖和ＡＣＥ活性，但Ａｎｇ水平反而升高．Ｃａｐ短期（２４小时）干预不影响两种大鼠ＡＳＭＣＲＡＳ．结论：Ｃａｐ和Ｓａｒ长期干预通过减少ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣＡｎｇ生成或阻断Ａｎｇ和特异受体结合，抑制其异常增殖．

Upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas receptor axis by a combination of Yinyanghuo(Herba Epimedii Brevicornus) and Cheqianzi(Semen Plantaginis) improves erectile function in spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of a combination of Yinyanghuo(Herba Epimedii Brevicornus)(HEB)and Cheqianzi(Semen Plantaginis)(SP)on erectile dysfunction caused by essential hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs),and to elucidate the role of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas receptor(ACE2/Ang[1-7]/Mas receptor)axis in this process.METHODS:A total of 24 SHRs were randomly assigned to three groups:SHR-control,low-dose(12.5 g/kg)and high-dose(25 g/kg)HEB+SP(HEBSP).Eight Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as normal controls.HEBSP was administered by oral gavage for 28 d.Erectile function was measured once a week using the Heaton test.After 4 weeks of treatment,the corpus cavernosum was harvested from each rat to measure nitric oxide(NO),nitric oxide synthase(e NOS)and Ang(1-7)levels,as well as ACE2,Mas receptor and neuronal nitric oxide synthase(n NOS)protein expression.RESULTS:After 4 weeks of treatment,HEBSP significantly increased erectile function in the treated group compared with SHR-control group(P<0.01).Additionally,HEBSP treatment significantly increased cavernosal levels of Ang(1-7),e NOS and NO.Moreover,HEBSP significantly elevated the expression levels of ACE2,Mas receptor and n NOS.These beneficial effects were elevated in the high-dose HEBSP group.CONCLUSION:HEBSP improved erectile function in SHRs by upregulating the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas receptor axis,e NOS and n NOS pathways.

Lgr5在OVA灌胃致敏的BN大鼠肠道上皮中的表达

目的研究卵清蛋白(OVA)灌胃致敏的BN大鼠其肠道自身干细胞参与修复的情况。方法采用免疫组化观察(leucine-rich repeatcontaining G protein-coupled receptor 5,Lgr5)肠道干细胞标记物和增殖细胞核抗原(PC-NA)的组织定位,观察其增生修复情况。用实时荧光定量PCR检测肠道干细胞标记物Lgr5的表达情况。结果 OVA致敏后的BN大鼠,肠上皮充血、水肿,嗜酸性粒细胞增多。Lgr5主要表达于隐窝基底部,与对照组相比PC-NA和Lgr5表达量都有所增加。结论 OVA致敏后,BN大鼠小肠黏膜细胞中PCNA和Lgr5表达量的增加可能与肠道上皮的损伤修复有关。