Thermodynamic models of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions were developed based on the ion and...Thermodynamic models of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions were developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory at 298.15 K.A transformation coefficient is needed to compare the calculated mass action concentration and the reported activity because they are obtained at different standard states and concentration units.The results show that the transformation coefficients between the calculated mass action concentrations and the reported activities of the same structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions change in a very narrow range.The transformed mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary system are in good agreement with the reported activities. The transformed mass action concentrations of RbCl and RbNO3 in RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary solution are also in good agreement with the reported activities,aRbCl and 3RbNOa,with different total ionic strengths as 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0 and 3.5 mol/kg,respectively.All those results mean the developed thermodynamic model of strong electrolyte aqueous solutions can reflect structural characteristics of RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions and the mass action concentration also strictly follows the mass action law.展开更多
The supersaturated solution of MgO· 3B2O3 18% MgSO4 H2O was prepared and then reacted under hydrothermal condition at 120℃ . The solid phases of the different time were identified by means of chemical analysis, ...The supersaturated solution of MgO· 3B2O3 18% MgSO4 H2O was prepared and then reacted under hydrothermal condition at 120℃ . The solid phases of the different time were identified by means of chemical analysis, XRD, FT IR, SEM. The results show that the solid phases are spherical and sheet szaibelyite, which is different from those of non hydrothermal condition. On these grounds we suggested the crystallization mechanism of szaibelyite under the hydrothermal condition and then discussed the effects of hydrothermal properties on the crystallization mechanism.展开更多
研究了O_3-H_2O_2体系降解膜滤垃圾浓缩液中有机物的效果与特点。结果表明,在反应时间为30 min,臭氧投加质量流量为4 g/h时,添加4 m L/L的H2O2可取得理想的处理效果,BOD_5/COD由0.025提升至0.527,对色度、腐殖酸、COD的去除率分别为86....研究了O_3-H_2O_2体系降解膜滤垃圾浓缩液中有机物的效果与特点。结果表明,在反应时间为30 min,臭氧投加质量流量为4 g/h时,添加4 m L/L的H2O2可取得理想的处理效果,BOD_5/COD由0.025提升至0.527,对色度、腐殖酸、COD的去除率分别为86.99%、62.94%、53.03%,较之O_3体系的去除率分别提高了23.05%、18.91%、19.55%,原因是适量的H_2O_2有强化反应体系中自由基的作用。O_3-H_2O_2体系能将腐殖酸等大分子有机物分解为小分子烷烃类等臭氧惰性产物,随反应时间的延长以及H2O2的影响,p H有下降的趋势,且有机物的降解逐渐矿化为CO_3^(2-),由此导致了反应后期臭氧的利用率下降以及有机物的去除速率有所降低。展开更多
基金Project supported by Publication Foundation of National Science and Technology Academic Books of China
文摘Thermodynamic models of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions were developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory at 298.15 K.A transformation coefficient is needed to compare the calculated mass action concentration and the reported activity because they are obtained at different standard states and concentration units.The results show that the transformation coefficients between the calculated mass action concentrations and the reported activities of the same structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions change in a very narrow range.The transformed mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary system are in good agreement with the reported activities. The transformed mass action concentrations of RbCl and RbNO3 in RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary solution are also in good agreement with the reported activities,aRbCl and 3RbNOa,with different total ionic strengths as 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0 and 3.5 mol/kg,respectively.All those results mean the developed thermodynamic model of strong electrolyte aqueous solutions can reflect structural characteristics of RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions and the mass action concentration also strictly follows the mass action law.
文摘The supersaturated solution of MgO· 3B2O3 18% MgSO4 H2O was prepared and then reacted under hydrothermal condition at 120℃ . The solid phases of the different time were identified by means of chemical analysis, XRD, FT IR, SEM. The results show that the solid phases are spherical and sheet szaibelyite, which is different from those of non hydrothermal condition. On these grounds we suggested the crystallization mechanism of szaibelyite under the hydrothermal condition and then discussed the effects of hydrothermal properties on the crystallization mechanism.
