The quality of products manufactured or procured by organizations is an important aspect of their survival in the global market. The quality control processes put in place by organizations can be resource-intensive bu...The quality of products manufactured or procured by organizations is an important aspect of their survival in the global market. The quality control processes put in place by organizations can be resource-intensive but substantial savings can be realized by using acceptance sampling in conjunction with batch testing. This paper considers the batch testing model based on the quality control process where batches that test positive are re-tested. The results show that re-testing greatly improves the efficiency over one stage batch testing based on quality control. This is observed using Asymptotic Relative Efficiency (ARE), where for values of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> computed ARE > 1 implying that our estimator has a smaller variance than the one-stage batch testing. Also, it was found that the model is more efficient than the classical two-stage batch testing for relatively high values of proportion.展开更多
目的基于血液筛查核酸检测反应性献血者的HBV感染的确认,探讨核酸检测反应性献血者的归队策略。方法联合应用自建的高灵敏度核酸检测体系、血液核酸筛查等多种核酸检测(NAT)方法,并结合血清学检测、献血者随访,对核酸检测反应性(NAT-yie...目的基于血液筛查核酸检测反应性献血者的HBV感染的确认,探讨核酸检测反应性献血者的归队策略。方法联合应用自建的高灵敏度核酸检测体系、血液核酸筛查等多种核酸检测(NAT)方法,并结合血清学检测、献血者随访,对核酸检测反应性(NAT-yield)献血者中的HBV感染进行确认和感染状态识别。依据确认的HBV感染血浆样本,比较不同确认方法、确认指标或指标组合对HBV感染确认的效果。结果2010年11月—2021年2月,在血液筛查检出的876位NAT-yield献血者中共确认HBV感染者511人(OBI 451人,急性早期HBV感染者27人,不能确认感染者33人,无感染者30人,不能确认HBV感染者335人)。采用单检系统对混检系统检出的HBV感染血浆进行复测的检出率为96.6%,明显高于混检系统对单检系统检出的HBV DNA反应性(HBV DNA R)组和鉴别试验无反应性(NDR)组的复测检出率(76.4%和55.7%)(P<0.05)。NDR样本在模式2(ID×5+鉴别×2)下复测检出率(65.2%)高于模式1(ID×2+鉴别×1)(39.2%)(P<0.05);2种单检复测模式下的HBV DNA R样本复测检出率无明显差异(P>0.05),但均明显高于NDR样本(P<0.05)。回溯OBI献血者既往NAT数据,有46%经历多次NAT检测而未能检出。有59.1%OBI献血者随访检不出HBV DNA。OBI献血者中抗-HBc+占比为90.2%,单独抗-HBc+为49.2%,远高于不能确认感染组(P<0.05);HBeAg、抗-HBe和抗-HBc IgM在OBI和不能确认感染组中的比例极低且无差异(P>0.05)。结论近60%的NAT-yield献血者可以确认HBV感染。为保证献血者归队的安全性,需要更高灵敏度的HBV DNA确证技术提高HBV感染的确认率。抗-HBc是NAT-yield献血者OBI风险排查和归队评估最重要的血清学指标。展开更多
目的分析高胆红素血症患儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of newborn,HDN)血清学检测结果并探讨与其相关因素之间的关系。方法对796例高胆红素血症患儿的血样进行新生儿溶血三项试验,并分析HDN阳性率与血型、送检日龄、血红蛋白水平...目的分析高胆红素血症患儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of newborn,HDN)血清学检测结果并探讨与其相关因素之间的关系。方法对796例高胆红素血症患儿的血样进行新生儿溶血三项试验,并分析HDN阳性率与血型、送检日龄、血红蛋白水平及血清总胆红素值等因素的关系。结果 796例高胆红素血症患儿中HDN患儿184例(23.12%),其中ABOHDN 176例,Rh-HDN 8例。796例患儿血样检测结果中游离试验阳性180例(22.61%),释放试验阳性184例(23.12%),直抗试验阳性140例(17.59%)。B型血患儿HDN阳性率高于A型血患儿,差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.30,P<0.05)。HDN阳性率与送检日龄密切相关,且日龄越大阳性检出率越低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。184例HDN阳性患儿血红蛋白水平及血清总胆红素值与HDN患儿差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高胆红素血症患儿HDN阳性率较高,应尽早进行溶血三项试验,并可结合血红蛋白水平及血清总胆红素值来提高HDN检出率。展开更多
文摘The quality of products manufactured or procured by organizations is an important aspect of their survival in the global market. The quality control processes put in place by organizations can be resource-intensive but substantial savings can be realized by using acceptance sampling in conjunction with batch testing. This paper considers the batch testing model based on the quality control process where batches that test positive are re-tested. The results show that re-testing greatly improves the efficiency over one stage batch testing based on quality control. This is observed using Asymptotic Relative Efficiency (ARE), where for values of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> computed ARE > 1 implying that our estimator has a smaller variance than the one-stage batch testing. Also, it was found that the model is more efficient than the classical two-stage batch testing for relatively high values of proportion.
文摘目的基于血液筛查核酸检测反应性献血者的HBV感染的确认,探讨核酸检测反应性献血者的归队策略。方法联合应用自建的高灵敏度核酸检测体系、血液核酸筛查等多种核酸检测(NAT)方法,并结合血清学检测、献血者随访,对核酸检测反应性(NAT-yield)献血者中的HBV感染进行确认和感染状态识别。依据确认的HBV感染血浆样本,比较不同确认方法、确认指标或指标组合对HBV感染确认的效果。结果2010年11月—2021年2月,在血液筛查检出的876位NAT-yield献血者中共确认HBV感染者511人(OBI 451人,急性早期HBV感染者27人,不能确认感染者33人,无感染者30人,不能确认HBV感染者335人)。采用单检系统对混检系统检出的HBV感染血浆进行复测的检出率为96.6%,明显高于混检系统对单检系统检出的HBV DNA反应性(HBV DNA R)组和鉴别试验无反应性(NDR)组的复测检出率(76.4%和55.7%)(P<0.05)。NDR样本在模式2(ID×5+鉴别×2)下复测检出率(65.2%)高于模式1(ID×2+鉴别×1)(39.2%)(P<0.05);2种单检复测模式下的HBV DNA R样本复测检出率无明显差异(P>0.05),但均明显高于NDR样本(P<0.05)。回溯OBI献血者既往NAT数据,有46%经历多次NAT检测而未能检出。有59.1%OBI献血者随访检不出HBV DNA。OBI献血者中抗-HBc+占比为90.2%,单独抗-HBc+为49.2%,远高于不能确认感染组(P<0.05);HBeAg、抗-HBe和抗-HBc IgM在OBI和不能确认感染组中的比例极低且无差异(P>0.05)。结论近60%的NAT-yield献血者可以确认HBV感染。为保证献血者归队的安全性,需要更高灵敏度的HBV DNA确证技术提高HBV感染的确认率。抗-HBc是NAT-yield献血者OBI风险排查和归队评估最重要的血清学指标。
