Parental Educational Expectations,Academic Pressure,and Adolescent Mental Health:An Empirical Study Based on CEPS Survey Data

Background:This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental educational expectations and adolescent mental health problems,with academic pressure as a moderating variable.Methods:This study was based on the baseline data of the China Education Panel Survey,which was collected within one school year during 2013–2014.It included 19,958 samples from seventh and ninth graders,who ranged from 11 to 18 years old.After removing missing values and conducting relevant data processing,the effective sample size for analysis was 16344.The OLS(Ordinary Least Squares)multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between parental educational expectations,academic pressure,and adolescents’mental health problems.In addition,we established an interaction term between parents’educational expectations and academic pressure to investigate the moderating effect of academic stress.Results:The study found that adolescents whose parents had high educational expectations reported less mental health problems.(β=−0.195;p<0.001).Additionally,adolescents who had high academic pressure reported more mental health problems.(β=0.649;p<0.001).Furthermore,the study found that academic pressure had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between parental educational expectations and adolescents’mental health problems(β=0.082;p<0.001).Conclusion:Parental educational expectations had a close relationship with adolescents’mental health problems,and academic pressure moderated this relationship.For those adolescents with high levels of academic pressure,the association between high parental educational expectations and mental health problems became stronger.On the contrary,for those adolescents with low levels of academic pressure,the association between high parental educational expectations and mental health problems became weaker.These findings shed new light on how parental educational expectations affected adolescent mental health problems and had significant implications for their healthy development.

Kinematic calibration under the expectation maximization framework for exoskeletal inertial motion capture system

This study presents a kinematic calibration method for exoskeletal inertial motion capture (EI-MoCap) system with considering the random colored noise such as gyroscopic drift.In this method, the geometric parameters are calibrated by the traditional calibration method at first. Then, in order to calibrate the parameters affected by the random colored noise, the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is introduced. Through the use of geometric parameters calibrated by the traditional calibration method, the iterations under the EM framework are decreased and the efficiency of the proposed method on embedded system is improved. The performance of the proposed kinematic calibration method is compared to the traditional calibration method. Furthermore, the feasibility of the proposed method is verified on the EI-MoCap system. The simulation and experiment demonstrate that the motion capture precision is significantly improved by 16.79%and 7.16%respectively in comparison to the traditional calibration method.

Exact controllability of rational expectations model with multiplicative noise and input delay

This paper considers the rational expectations model with multiplicative noise and input delay,where the system dynamics rely on the conditional expectations of future states.The main contribution is to obtain a sufficient condition for the exact controllability of the rational expectations model.In particular,we derive a sufficient Gramian matrix condition and a rank condition for the delay-free case.The key is the solvability of the backward stochastic difference equations with input delay which is derived from the forward and backward stochastic system.

Exceeding Expectations

The Chinese economy continued to rebound and made solid progress in 2023,despite the complex international situation and numerous risks and challenges.The accelerated economic structural transformation and upgrade,coupled with increasing economic resilience,has resulted in various highlights.

Keeping Commitments,Meeting Expectations

How well is FOCAC meeting Africa’s aspirations for development?The idea of establishing the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)in 2000 initially came from African countries,eager to coordinate and manage their relationship with China.

Evaluating Logistics Systems in the Context of Mass Customization Based on Goal Expectation

Given the complexity and uncertainty of logistics systems in a mass customization environment,decision-making teams often rely on linguistic phrases rather than quantifiable evaluation indices when selecting an evaluation system.This paper proposes a logistics system evaluation method based on index goal expectation.First,linguistic phrases are processed through an integration method to derive standardized weight vectors.Next,the decision-making team establishes the expected compliance degree for each alternative,which is processed using an axiomatic design to calculate the final evaluation index for each option.The options are then ranked based on these indices to identify the most appropriate logistics system.Applying this method to a company’s logistics system selection demonstrates its effectiveness and feasibility.

药品集采政策与药企研发行为

药品集采政策会加剧医药行业竞争,从而影响医药企业的研发投入。基于药品集采前后三年医药企业的研发专利样本,针对药品集采政策对药企研发行为影响的回归结果表明,集采政策的实施会增加医药企业的研发专利数量,但医药企业所面临的转换成本和集采的预期市场收益,会影响医药企业的研发行为,并进一步影响医药企业的创新效率。因此,要降低医药行业的制度成本,加强医药企业之间的分工合作和并购重组,提升医药企业的创新效率,从而加快完善药品集中采购制度和推动健康中国的政策落实。

程度义“有点儿”的使用条件与多功能性

对于普通话里表示程度轻微义的“有点儿”对其后VP的搭配限制,有研究从乐观礼貌原则来解释,有研究认为这是源于“有点儿”编码了相异于另一状态的意义,还有研究主张该词的使用完全受制于VP的程度义。本文印证了以往文献的两个观察:该词有语用上的消极偏向,它在反预期语境中能搭配更多色彩的VP。不过,程度义的“有点儿”不是单一功能,这导致以往文献用任何单一的语法条件都难以自洽地解释该词的全部用法。

Prospects Expectation for Development of Oil Olive Industry Development in China from the Domestic and Foreign Olive Oil Market

Over the past two years, China＇s olive Planting area was a bumper harvest year , extra virgin olive oil production has increased at rate of 30% an annual, the government, enterprises and farmers had should be presented to the satisfaction of all the situation. However, a large number of farmer has listed to be bought of their fresh fruit , it was presented of ＇queuing for salphenomenon, fruit can not be bought and pressed in time, farmer＇s enthusiasm was hurt and olive oil quality was reduced. In this regard, we had a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the current problems, combined with foreign research results, to researched the domestic and foreign olive oil market, has found our country disadvantages of in oil olive industry development and the existence question, and has carried on the forecast to our country oil olive industry development. Indicated that there is a lot of demand for olive oil consumer In China, and vigorously support at all levels of government, key factors restricting the healthy development of the industry had being resolved, speeding up the development of policies, technologies, talents,markets. The development prospect of olive industry is very broad.

非负随机变量函数的期望的另一公式及其应用

探讨了随机变量函数的数学期望问题,特别是考虑了随机变量非负且函数在非负实数区间上严格单调递增的正的一阶可导函数的情况。提出了一个新的公式来计算这类函数的数学期望,该公式的积分表达式与非负随机变量的尾概率和函数的导数有关。通过Fubini定理和变量替换方法给出了两个计算期望的公式,然后提供了两个应用实例,通过实例展示了如何将定理应用于具体的函数。

主客感知视角下历史文化街区游憩满意度研究——以上下杭历史文化街区为例

在旅游活动中,使用者游憩满意度是衡量旅游发展的重要指标,而居民与游客之间不同的行为方式与认知视角造成了旅游目的地中的游憩感知差异。以福州市上下杭历史文化街区为研究地点,通过IPA分析与数理统计,对使用者感知的期望值和满意度进行研究,深入分析居民与游客视角下游憩满意度的差异。结果显示:主客对上下杭历史文化街区的文化感知体验最为显著,尤其是游客对历史人物、故事的了解与民俗风情的感受期望与实际体验落差最大;在总体感知需求中,居民的感知需求与相应评价相匹配,而游客的期望与实际感知之间的落差大于居民;游客对视觉审美感知的重视程度高于居民,并在文化特色、商业业态满意度中远低于居民。

绩效期望落差对企业创新的影响探究

文章探讨了绩效期望落差对企业创新的影响,结合企业行为理论和“威胁—刚性”理论构建理论框架。研究发现,绩效期望落差在企业创新过程中扮演复杂角色,既可能抑制又可能促进创新。较大的绩效期望落差可能导致企业采取保守策略,避免风险,从而抑制创新;适度的绩效期望落差可激发企业寻求新的解决方案,促进创新。文章还探讨了绩效期望落差与企业创新之间可能存在的倒U型关系,指出适中的绩效期望落差对企业创新具有最大的促进作用。基于这一理论分析,文章提出了一系列促进企业创新的管理策略,旨在帮助企业通过合理管理绩效期望落差,有效激发创新潜能。

胰腺癌化疗病人负面社会期望水平及其相关影响因素分析

目的:分析胰腺癌化疗病人负面社会期望水平及其相关影响因素。方法:选取医院2021年4月—2023年10月接受化疗的103例胰腺癌病人研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)、疾病接受度量表(AIS)、癌症孤独量表(CLS)、癌症负面社会期望量表(C-rNSES)对其进行调查,分析胰腺癌化疗病人负面社会期望水平的影响因素。结果:103例胰腺癌化疗病人C-rNSES评分为(20.63±3.58)分;多元线性回归分析显示,化疗时间≥6个月、重度述情障碍、疾病接受度低下、孤独感强烈是胰腺癌化疗病人负面社会期望水平的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:胰腺癌化疗病人负面社会期望水平中等,受化疗时间、述情障碍、疾病接受度、孤独感因素影响,可据此加强情绪疏导、疾病宣教等干预,以期降低病人负面社会期望水平。

大学生“蹲考族”现象研究:理性人假设的视角

近年来,大学生就业形势日益严峻,越来越多的失业大学生选择了“蹲考”。访谈和问卷调查发现,蹲考族表现为以自愿性蹲考为主、获得家庭支持、期望到体制内单位和大城市或家乡城市就业等特征。从理性人假设的角度来看,蹲考族现象的原因在于蹲考的预期收益大于预期成本。严峻的就业形势降低了蹲考的机会成本,家庭的支持增强了蹲考族对经济成本和心理成本的承受能力;蹲考的预期收益包括更多的就业机会和更高的就业质量。蹲考是失业大学生为了实现预期收益最大化的理性选择,是一种人力资本投资行为,体现了一种自立自强的奋斗精神和人生态度,无法也无必要完全消除。应对蹲考族现象的解决思路在于:提高其考试成功概率,提高大学生就业率和就业质量。

An Analysis of the Expectations Gap:Can it be eliminated?

The "expectations gap" signifies the differences between what the public expects from an audit and what the auditing profession prefers the audit objectives to be.Although the gap exists,it seems that the professions trust that it could be eliminated.In this paper,further evidence was provided to deny the above point by exploring the inevitability nature and the structure of the audit expectation gap.In addition,the author concludes that expectations gap cannot be eliminated;instead,the only thing can be done is to narrow down the gap.

紧跟与渐离:乡城迁移家庭教育期望的演变特征

新型城镇化背景下,农业人口转移逐步由流动趋向迁移,并由对城市经济资源的追求拓展到对城市教育文化资源的追求。乡城迁移家庭中的父母由于生产方式变化,基于对城市教育相对感性的理解和认识,在家庭教育期望上呈现出对城市中产家庭的紧跟。同时,城市教育内部的教育竞争压力,也使他们由于能力不足而在家庭教育期望上呈现出对城市中产家庭的渐离。乡城迁移家庭在教育期望上呈现出的紧跟与渐离的演变特征,一方面是出于对城市化的“教育成功”及社会阶层提升的渴求;另一方面是对以家庭为单位的教育竞争的消极应对。乡城迁移家庭代表了底层民众向上流动的可能路径,需要通过家庭教育资源的直接供给,引导其更好地融入城市之中,为儿童的教育成长营造良好环境。

Expectations for English Teachers

In the article,the author consciously compared American educational systems and the students'expectation of their teachers with their Chinese equivalents.An investigation about students'expectations towards their teachers is done among college freshmen she was teaching.The result is both exciting and worrying.Through careful analysis and summary she has made,the author hopes it will arouse concerns of both teachers and students.

RELATIVE ENTROPY AND LARGE DEVIATIONS UNDER SUBLINEAR EXPECTATIONS

We give a definition of relative entropy with respect to a sublinear expectation and establish large deviation principle for the empirical measures for independent random variables under the sublinear expectation.

Improving Expectation Propagation with Lattice Reduction for Massive MIMO Detection

Efficient massive MIMO detection for practical deployment, which is with spatially correlated channel and high-order modulation, is a challenging topic for the fifth generation mobile communication(5 G). In this paper, we propose a lattice reduction aided expectation propagation(LRA-EP) algorithm for massive MIMO detection. LRA-EP applies expectation propagation in lattice reduced MIMO system to approach the distribution of lattice reduced constellation point by iterative refinement on its parameters(mean and covariance). The parameter refinement is based on the lattice reduced, well-conditioned MIMO channel. Numerical result shows that LRA-EP outperforms classic EP based MIMO detection(EPD) with 5～7 dB in terms of required signalto-noise ratio(SNR) for 1% packet error rate in spatially correlated channel for 256-QAM. We also show that LRA-EP has lower computation complexity than EPD.

期望理论下教师激励对学生数字化阅读素养的影响机制研究——一个有调节的链式中介模型

以期望理论为基础,运用PISA 2018中国四省(市)数据进行量化研究,构建一个有调节的链式中介模型,探讨教师激励影响学生数字化阅读素养的作用机制。结果表明:教师激励对学生的数字化阅读素养存在正向影响,阅读自我概念与阅读愉悦心理在教师激励对学生数字化阅读素养的正向影响中发挥链式中介作用,感知教师支持对“教师激励—阅读自我概念—阅读愉悦心理—数字化阅读素养”这一链式中介路径起调节作用。为提高学生的数字化阅读素养,教师可以尝试从以下方面着力:明确激励教育的目标和原则,采用多样化的激励手段和方法,注重激励教育的持续性和反馈性;定期评估学生的阅读自我概念与阅读情绪状态,把准学生的阅读需求和兴趣点,提升其阅读学习投入;深入了解学生的阅读诉求,创设积极的阅读环境,为他们提供精准的支持与帮助。