The aim of this study is to conduct the validity analysis of the test paper of the academic English reading and writing course referring to the freshmen of non-English majors in a university of Technology in Shanghai....The aim of this study is to conduct the validity analysis of the test paper of the academic English reading and writing course referring to the freshmen of non-English majors in a university of Technology in Shanghai.The validity is mainly analyzed from these three aspects:the content and construct validity,the reaction process,and the internal structure of the test paper.And the principles of language assessment in the design of the test paper are given in this study.The validity study was also conducted in a class with 42 freshmen,and the scores of them were analyzed through the internal correlation coefficient from Statistic Package for Social Science(SPSS)25.0.Finally,the validity of the test paper is concluded.展开更多
Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An aud...Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An auditory rehabilitation programme may or may not be provided although literature suggests that such programmes may enhance hearing aid benefits. This study was conducted in an Arabic-speaking country, specifically Saudi Arabia, and is the first to develop an auditory rehabilitation intervention programme in the Arabic language that focuses on working age adults who are new hearing aid users. Randomised intervention study design. Thirty-five participants with mild to severe acquired hearing loss （intervention group n = 18, control group n = 17）. Significant changes were found in the performance of the intervention group in the Minimal Audible Capabilities （MAC） test, a lip reading test and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile （GHABP） questionnaire when compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in speech test scores between the two groups. A short individualised auditory rehabilitation intervention programme can yield a significant improvement in the performance of hearing impaired adults by enhancing the benefits of hearing aid use.展开更多
Based on the framework of task characteristics' proposed by Bachman and Palmer (1999), this paper attempts to explore the characteristics and content validity of reading comprehension tests of NMET. By comparing a...Based on the framework of task characteristics' proposed by Bachman and Palmer (1999), this paper attempts to explore the characteristics and content validity of reading comprehension tests of NMET. By comparing and analyzing the data carefully, the author concludes that reading comprehension parts of NMET have well met the requirements in the two syllabi and have reached a high content validity. However, the author detects some weaknesses and puts forward some suggestions with the purposes for further improving and developing the future reading tests.展开更多
If tests are to provide an accurate measure of learners’ language abilities, examiners must minimize the influence of intervening factors such as response format. This article is to investigate the effects of two tes...If tests are to provide an accurate measure of learners’ language abilities, examiners must minimize the influence of intervening factors such as response format. This article is to investigate the effects of two test formats on Chinese EFL learners' performance in reading tests. The findings confirm that test-takers' performance on reading is significantly affected by test formats and language level. All groups perform better on MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) than SAQ (Short Answer Questions). Both test format and language proficiency level have main effect but they do not have interactive effect. By paying more attention to these factors examiners will enhance the validity of their tests.展开更多
Presbyopia correction is mainly concerned with the goal of regaining an uncorrected reading performance.Since historic reading charts do not provide a unique standard that is applicable for the analysis of clinical an...Presbyopia correction is mainly concerned with the goal of regaining an uncorrected reading performance.Since historic reading charts do not provide a unique standard that is applicable for the analysis of clinical and scientific reading performance,new standardized reading charts have been developed,in order to provide reading performance analyses analogous to modern single-optotype distance acuity measurements:the Bailey-Lovie Word Reading Chart,the Colenbrander English Continuous Text Near Vision Cards,the MNREAD Charts,and the RADNER Reading Charts.The last three are also meant to measure reading speed,thus allowing detailed analysis of the reading capabilities of the patient’s functional vision.Furthermore,these reading charts can be declared homologated,based on the standards that were published for reading charts by the Visual Function Committee of the International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO)in 1988.Many research studies have shown that by analyzing the reading performance with homologated reading charts,valuable insight into the reading performance of patients suffering from various diseases can be obtained.These reading charts have also been successfully used in presbyopia research.It therefore seems evident that homologated,standardized reading charts facilitate not only research concerning functional vision in many fields of ophthalmology but also international communication about near visual performance.Homologated reading charts are available in almost all languages and have become a valuable tool in analyzing reading performance.We argue in this review that homologated reading charts are clearly a necessity for presbyopia research.展开更多
文摘The aim of this study is to conduct the validity analysis of the test paper of the academic English reading and writing course referring to the freshmen of non-English majors in a university of Technology in Shanghai.The validity is mainly analyzed from these three aspects:the content and construct validity,the reaction process,and the internal structure of the test paper.And the principles of language assessment in the design of the test paper are given in this study.The validity study was also conducted in a class with 42 freshmen,and the scores of them were analyzed through the internal correlation coefficient from Statistic Package for Social Science(SPSS)25.0.Finally,the validity of the test paper is concluded.
文摘Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An auditory rehabilitation programme may or may not be provided although literature suggests that such programmes may enhance hearing aid benefits. This study was conducted in an Arabic-speaking country, specifically Saudi Arabia, and is the first to develop an auditory rehabilitation intervention programme in the Arabic language that focuses on working age adults who are new hearing aid users. Randomised intervention study design. Thirty-five participants with mild to severe acquired hearing loss （intervention group n = 18, control group n = 17）. Significant changes were found in the performance of the intervention group in the Minimal Audible Capabilities （MAC） test, a lip reading test and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile （GHABP） questionnaire when compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in speech test scores between the two groups. A short individualised auditory rehabilitation intervention programme can yield a significant improvement in the performance of hearing impaired adults by enhancing the benefits of hearing aid use.
文摘Based on the framework of task characteristics' proposed by Bachman and Palmer (1999), this paper attempts to explore the characteristics and content validity of reading comprehension tests of NMET. By comparing and analyzing the data carefully, the author concludes that reading comprehension parts of NMET have well met the requirements in the two syllabi and have reached a high content validity. However, the author detects some weaknesses and puts forward some suggestions with the purposes for further improving and developing the future reading tests.
文摘If tests are to provide an accurate measure of learners’ language abilities, examiners must minimize the influence of intervening factors such as response format. This article is to investigate the effects of two test formats on Chinese EFL learners' performance in reading tests. The findings confirm that test-takers' performance on reading is significantly affected by test formats and language level. All groups perform better on MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) than SAQ (Short Answer Questions). Both test format and language proficiency level have main effect but they do not have interactive effect. By paying more attention to these factors examiners will enhance the validity of their tests.
文摘Presbyopia correction is mainly concerned with the goal of regaining an uncorrected reading performance.Since historic reading charts do not provide a unique standard that is applicable for the analysis of clinical and scientific reading performance,new standardized reading charts have been developed,in order to provide reading performance analyses analogous to modern single-optotype distance acuity measurements:the Bailey-Lovie Word Reading Chart,the Colenbrander English Continuous Text Near Vision Cards,the MNREAD Charts,and the RADNER Reading Charts.The last three are also meant to measure reading speed,thus allowing detailed analysis of the reading capabilities of the patient’s functional vision.Furthermore,these reading charts can be declared homologated,based on the standards that were published for reading charts by the Visual Function Committee of the International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO)in 1988.Many research studies have shown that by analyzing the reading performance with homologated reading charts,valuable insight into the reading performance of patients suffering from various diseases can be obtained.These reading charts have also been successfully used in presbyopia research.It therefore seems evident that homologated,standardized reading charts facilitate not only research concerning functional vision in many fields of ophthalmology but also international communication about near visual performance.Homologated reading charts are available in almost all languages and have become a valuable tool in analyzing reading performance.We argue in this review that homologated reading charts are clearly a necessity for presbyopia research.
