Ascites remain the commonest complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as the infection of ascitic fluid (AF) in the absence of a contiguous source of infection and/or...Ascites remain the commonest complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as the infection of ascitic fluid (AF) in the absence of a contiguous source of infection and/or an intraabdominal inflammatory focus. An AF polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocyte count ≥ 250/mm 3 -irrespective of the AF culture resultis universally accepted nowadays as the best surrogate marker for diagnosing SBP. Frequently the results of the manual or automated PMN count do not reach the hands of the responsible medical personnel in a timely manner. However, this is a crucial step in SBP management. Since 2000, 26 studies (most of them published as full papers) have checked the validity of using leukocyte esterase reagent strips (LERS) in SBP diagnosis. LERS appear to have low sensitivity for SBP, some LERS types more than others. On the other hand, though, LERS have consistently given a high negative predictive value (> 95% in the majority of the studies) and this supports the use of LERS as a preliminary screening tool for SBP diagnosis. Finally, an AF-tailored dipstick has been developed. Within the proper setting, it is set to become the mainstream process for handling AF samples.展开更多
[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural pro...[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural products.[Methods]The sensitivity of 28 kinds of pesticides was determined by using the commercially available enzyme inhibition colorimetric rapid detection kit with Hendu brand.[Results]There was a significant difference in the sensitivity of the kit to each pesticide,and the kit was more sensitive to dichlorvos among the 28 pesticides tested.The sensitivity to methyl isosalifos,dimethoate,isocarbophos,fenthion and phorate was poor,and the sensitivity to quinalphos was different between 3.0 and 2.5 mL.[Conclusions]The large difference of the sensitivity of the enzyme inhibition-colorimetric rapid detection kit for pesticide residues to different kits is a reason for the false positive and false negative test results of the kit,which needs to be considered by relevant personnel.展开更多
目的评价结核分枝杆菌特异性蛋白（tuberculosis specific antigen, TB-SA）抗体检测试剂在结核病中的应用价值。方法以天津市和平区结核病控制中心、山东省烟台芝罘区肺科医院和河南省南阳市卧龙区结核病防治中心为研究现场，连续纳入2...目的评价结核分枝杆菌特异性蛋白（tuberculosis specific antigen, TB-SA）抗体检测试剂在结核病中的应用价值。方法以天津市和平区结核病控制中心、山东省烟台芝罘区肺科医院和河南省南阳市卧龙区结核病防治中心为研究现场，连续纳入2012年4月至10月门诊就诊的所有肺结核疑似患者944例，同时纳入110名健康志愿者作为对照。对所有纳入患者及健康志愿者进行痰涂片、培养、结核菌素试验（PPD）和胸部X线检查，签署知情同意书后留取血清进行TB-SA抗体检测。痰涂片采用萋-尼（Ziehl-Neelsen）染色法，培养采用接种酸性罗氏固体培养基培养。现场数据由双人录入，在国家结核病参比实验室统一整理分析。结果755例确诊的活动性结核病患者，TB-SA抗体检测法阳性率为74．8％（565／755，95％CI=71．7％-77．9％），远高于涂片阳性率25．6％（193／755）（X^2=366．59，P〈0．0001）和培养阳性率39．6％（21）9／755）（X^2=190．12，P〈0．0001）。在培养阳性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为88．5％（255／288，95％CI=84．8％～92．2％）。在菌阴活动性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为68．0％（310／456，95％CI=63．7％-72．3％）。TB-SA抗体检测法在活动性结核病患者中的阳性预测值为92．3％（565／612，95％CI=90．2％～94．4％），在健康人群中检测特异度为97．3％（95％CI=94．3％～100．3％）。结论TB-SA抗体检测法在结核病患者中阳性检出率显著高于涂片和培养，适用于结核病，特别是菌阴结核病的诊断；TB-SA抗体检测法诊断结核病的特异度高，可用于人群健康体检。展开更多
文摘Ascites remain the commonest complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as the infection of ascitic fluid (AF) in the absence of a contiguous source of infection and/or an intraabdominal inflammatory focus. An AF polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocyte count ≥ 250/mm 3 -irrespective of the AF culture resultis universally accepted nowadays as the best surrogate marker for diagnosing SBP. Frequently the results of the manual or automated PMN count do not reach the hands of the responsible medical personnel in a timely manner. However, this is a crucial step in SBP management. Since 2000, 26 studies (most of them published as full papers) have checked the validity of using leukocyte esterase reagent strips (LERS) in SBP diagnosis. LERS appear to have low sensitivity for SBP, some LERS types more than others. On the other hand, though, LERS have consistently given a high negative predictive value (> 95% in the majority of the studies) and this supports the use of LERS as a preliminary screening tool for SBP diagnosis. Finally, an AF-tailored dipstick has been developed. Within the proper setting, it is set to become the mainstream process for handling AF samples.
文摘[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural products.[Methods]The sensitivity of 28 kinds of pesticides was determined by using the commercially available enzyme inhibition colorimetric rapid detection kit with Hendu brand.[Results]There was a significant difference in the sensitivity of the kit to each pesticide,and the kit was more sensitive to dichlorvos among the 28 pesticides tested.The sensitivity to methyl isosalifos,dimethoate,isocarbophos,fenthion and phorate was poor,and the sensitivity to quinalphos was different between 3.0 and 2.5 mL.[Conclusions]The large difference of the sensitivity of the enzyme inhibition-colorimetric rapid detection kit for pesticide residues to different kits is a reason for the false positive and false negative test results of the kit,which needs to be considered by relevant personnel.
文摘目的评价结核分枝杆菌特异性蛋白（tuberculosis specific antigen, TB-SA）抗体检测试剂在结核病中的应用价值。方法以天津市和平区结核病控制中心、山东省烟台芝罘区肺科医院和河南省南阳市卧龙区结核病防治中心为研究现场，连续纳入2012年4月至10月门诊就诊的所有肺结核疑似患者944例，同时纳入110名健康志愿者作为对照。对所有纳入患者及健康志愿者进行痰涂片、培养、结核菌素试验（PPD）和胸部X线检查，签署知情同意书后留取血清进行TB-SA抗体检测。痰涂片采用萋-尼（Ziehl-Neelsen）染色法，培养采用接种酸性罗氏固体培养基培养。现场数据由双人录入，在国家结核病参比实验室统一整理分析。结果755例确诊的活动性结核病患者，TB-SA抗体检测法阳性率为74．8％（565／755，95％CI=71．7％-77．9％），远高于涂片阳性率25．6％（193／755）（X^2=366．59，P〈0．0001）和培养阳性率39．6％（21）9／755）（X^2=190．12，P〈0．0001）。在培养阳性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为88．5％（255／288，95％CI=84．8％～92．2％）。在菌阴活动性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为68．0％（310／456，95％CI=63．7％-72．3％）。TB-SA抗体检测法在活动性结核病患者中的阳性预测值为92．3％（565／612，95％CI=90．2％～94．4％），在健康人群中检测特异度为97．3％（95％CI=94．3％～100．3％）。结论TB-SA抗体检测法在结核病患者中阳性检出率显著高于涂片和培养，适用于结核病，特别是菌阴结核病的诊断；TB-SA抗体检测法诊断结核病的特异度高，可用于人群健康体检。
