Series-parallel Hybrid Vehicle Control Strategy Design and Optimization Using Real-valued Genetic Algorithm

Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle, few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been revealed because of its complex co nstruction and control strategy. In this paper, a series-parallel hybrid electric bus as well as its control strategy is revealed, and a control parameter optimization approach using the real-valued genetic algorithm is proposed. The optimization objective is to minimize the fuel consumption while sustain the battery state of charge, a tangent penalty function of state of charge（SOC） is embodied in the objective function to recast this multi-objective nonlinear optimization problem as a single linear optimization problem. For this strategy, the vehicle operating mode is switched based on the vehicle speed, and an ＂optimal line＂ typed strategy is designed for the parallel control. The optimization parameters include the speed threshold for mode switching, the highest state of charge allowed, the lowest state of charge allowed and the scale factor of the engine optimal torque to the engine maximum torque at a rotational speed. They are optimized through numerical experiments based on real-value genes, arithmetic crossover and mutation operators. The hybrid bus has been evaluated at the Chinese Transit Bus City Driving Cycle via road test, in which a control area network-based monitor system was used to trace the driving schedule. The test result shows that this approach is feasible for the control parameter optimization. This approach can be applied to not only the novel construction presented in this paper, but also other types of hybrid electric vehicles.

A Real-time Concurrent Product and Process Design System for Mechanical Parts

A real time concurrent product and process design system for mechanical parts is described in this paper. It consists of integrated product model, the expert system of product manufacturability evaluation and the controller of concurrent design. With the help of the controller of concurrent design, each feature of a part can be designed and evaluated based on manufacturing knowledge and resources, and can be modified according to the results of evaluation. The machining method of design feature can be selected based on manufacturing knowledge. So real time concurrent product and process design can be implemented based on integrated product model that is established based on generalized feature. Products and its design process can be optimized with the help of this system. The information and function integration of product design process can be realized. The time to market and the cost of products can be reduced.

Real-time Parallel Processing System Design and Implementation for Underwater Acoustic Communication Based on Multiple Processors

ADSP-TS101 is a high performance DSP with good properties of parallel processing and high speed.According to the real-time processing requirements of underwater acoustic communication algorithms,a real-time parallel processing system with multi-channel synchronous sample,which is composed of multiple ADSP-TS101s,is designed and carried out.For the hardware design,field programmable gate array(FPGA)logical control is adopted for the design of multi-channel synchronous sample module and cluster/data flow associated pin connection mode is adopted for multiprocessing parallel processing configuration respectively.And the software is optimized by two kinds of communication ways:broadcast writing way through shared bus and point-to-point way through link ports.Through the whole system installation,connective debugging,and experiments in a lake,the results show that the real-time parallel processing system has good stability and real-time processing capability and meets the technical design requirements of real-time processing.

A Decision Support Framework for the Choice of Languages and Methods for the Design of Real Time Embedded Systems

The choice of methods or design languages is a crucial phase in the development of systems and software, also for real time and embedded systems. An open question that remains in the design of these types of systems is to build a method, or to choose one among those existing, capable to cover the life cycle of a project, and particularly the development phases. This article contributes to answer the question, by proposing an approach based on a multi-criteria comparative study, of few languages and methods dedicated to the design of real time and embedded systems. The underlying objective of this work is to present to designers a wide range of approaches, and elements that can guide their choices. In order to reach this goal, we propose different comparison criteria. Each criterion is divided into sub-criteria, so that the designers can refine their choices according to the qualities they prefer and wish to have in the method or language. We also define a rating scale which is used to assess the retained languages and methods. The scores obtained from this assessment are presented in tables, one table per criterion, followed by a summary table giving the overall scores. Graphics built from these tables are provided and intend to facilitate the judgement and thus the choice of the designers.

Real-time Design Constraints in Implementing Active Vibration Control Algorithms

Although computer architectures incorporate fast processing hardware resources, high performance real-time implementation of a complex control algorithm requires an efficient design and software coding of the algorithm so as to exploit special features of the hardware and avoid associated architecture shortcomings. This paper presents an investigation into the analysis and design mechanisms that will lead to reduction in the execution time in implementing real-time control algorithms. The proposed mechanisms are exemplified by means of one algorithm, which demonstrates their applicability to real-time applications. An active vibration control （AVC） algorithm for a flexible beam system simulated using the finite difference （FD） method is considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. A comparative performance evaluation of the proposed design mechanisms is presented and discussed through a set of experiments.

预应力CFRP平板式锚具优化设计与应用

针对平板式锚具存在需在混凝土表面开槽、有效行程短、不可重复利用等问题,开展了平板式锚具优化设计与应用研究,提出了一种无须在结构基面设置扣槽,占用空间小、碳纤维增强材料(CFRP)板有效利用长度更长,轻质高强、可重复利用的预应力CFRP平板式锚具。有限元分析表明:在计算荷载作用下,锚具性能满足预应力CFRP加固需要,锚固支座、锚板和锚栓最大应力值分别为133、76、94 MPa,总体应力分布均匀,均小于其屈服强度,最大变形值为0.056、0.024、0.028 mm,保证锚具不先于结构破坏。随着锚栓直径与锚板厚度增大,锚具内部应力与变形均有所改善,其中锚栓直径变化对锚栓与锚板接触部分受力影响较大;锚板厚度对混凝土表面与锚栓接触部分受力影响较大,故建议锚栓直径为18 mm,锚板厚度为20 mm。实际工程应用表明该锚具使用效果良好。

面向任务协同的异构多核嵌入式系统实时调度方法

以往的异构多核嵌入式系统实时调度方法由于仅设置了系统实时调度模型的单项参数,导致系统调度时间过长。本文设计了面向任务协同的异构多核嵌入式系统实时调度方法。面向任务协同构建嵌入式系统实时调度模型,计算系统任务节点的传输情况,构建系统实时调度的数学模型,对构建的实时调度模型中的任务数据信息进行汇集,并进行自适应分析处理,以此为基础,设置实时调度模型的时间均衡控制参数和安全性系数,从而实现嵌入式系统的实时调度。通过上述设计,完成对异构多核嵌入式系统实时调度方法的设计。在仿真实验中,与以往的异构多核嵌入式系统实时调度方法相比,本文设计的面向任务协同的异构多核嵌入式系统实时调度方法的调度时间最长仅为5 s,调度时间更短。

论高职院校房产管理系统设计实现

以包头职业技术学院为例,重点分析了房产系统的业务需求,设计系统总体功能模块及数据库表单,明确数据表逻辑关系,提出采用先进的前后端分离的体系架构模式,给出了系统主要功能的现实代码,总结了系统设计的特色。本文将为高职类院校房产管理实现信息化建设提供参考。

基于数字孪生技术的智慧教学模式创新研究

随着物联网、大数据、人工智能的飞速发展,新一代信息技术与教育业深度融合;数字孪生技术的不断革新为市政工程、土木工程等专业的教学改革提供新契机,也成为教育创新研究的新方向。该文借鉴数字孪生技术在工业领域的成功模式,研究其在智慧课程教学模式改革中的应用;通过对数字孪生智慧教学的特点及数字化教学的发展历程进行系统梳理,提出数字孪生智慧教学新模式体系的设计和构建要素;最后,提出数字孪生技术在未来市政工程教学中的应用前景,期望能够实现物理实体教学与智慧信息教学交互与共融,在国家数字化教育大背景下更好地培养新工科人才。

气象业务综合监视数据标准化设计与应用

打造开放的气象综合业务实时监控体系,全面提升气象业务的运行质量与效率是气象信息化发展的重要工作。针对气象综合业务监视范围广泛、内容多样以及传输密集等特性,为实现海量监视数据高效、完整及准确的采集、传输与处理,本文设计了一种基于标准化数据分类的可扩展的监视数据内容模型。该模型对种类繁多的监视数据进行抽象与概括,划分了监视数据的类别;描述了每一类别监视数据的通用属性;同时依据核心监视功能的数据需求,在通用属性的基础上进一步设计了典型的监视数据属性域内容。该模型具备通用性、可扩展性特点,在中国气象局“气象综合业务实时监控系统(天镜)”的建设中得到广泛应用,并在2022年发布为气象行业标准,为国省共有核心监控功能的实现以及各省特有监控范围的扩充提供了有效的监视数据支撑。

基于扩散模型的高阶拓扑绝缘体实时设计

作为一种全新的波控工具,高阶拓扑绝缘体可以将能量鲁棒高效地局域化在低维空间,且对缺陷不敏感.在光子和声子系统中,高阶拓扑绝缘体的快速设计仍然是一项挑战.采用移动可变形孔洞法显式描述C4v对称的单胞构型,并结合能带理论和对称指标刻画其性能(拓扑性质和非平凡带隙宽度).在此基础上,构建了包含几何参数、无量纲化带隙宽度与拓扑性质指标的高阶拓扑绝缘体数据集,并提出了一种基于去噪扩散概率模型(denoising diffusion probabilistic model,DDPM)的实时设计框架.相比采用其他生成式模型的设计框架,DDPM有效避免了训练不稳定和生成保真度低等问题.该框架可以精准且快速地按目标需求或最大化带隙宽度逆向设计力学高阶拓扑绝缘体,在单机上生成所需设计的平均相对误差在3.5%以内,平均耗时仅需0.01 s,相比传统逆向设计方法效率提升6~7个数量级.通过使用Wasserstein距离度量逆向设计样本的多样性,该框架相较基于深度学习代理模型的优化设计结果,表现出更高的生成结果多样性.此外,所得设计具有显式描述的几何信息,可以直接与CAD/CAE软件结合,避免了隐式描述算法中的后处理步骤.这种基于DDPM的实时设计框架可扩展应用于多物理场拓扑材料和其他类型超材料的逆向设计,并为构建声子和光子拓扑材料的数据库提供了基础.

飞机结构静强度试验屈曲检测系统设计实现

全机结构危险部位的实时判断与筛选一直是结构强度验证过程中非常棘手的问题之一,屈曲部位的识别与判断作为飞机结构静力试验中的一项重要监测指标,决定着现场试验人员对试验全局的掌控程度。针对飞机结构静强度试验中,试验风险越来越难以把控,不可预期的结构失效状况时有发生等问题,为了准确高效地实现对结构屈曲部位的识别,设计实现了屈曲实时检测系统,该系统基于定时器技术实现采集数据的实时获取,基于非线性度完成屈曲部位判断,最后分别通过二维与三维方式对屈曲部位进行可视化显示。系统在航空型号试验现场进行了应用,结果表明效果显著。

STEAM教育理念下数学拓展课教学设计研究

为了达成培育真实情境问题解决能力的目标,围绕以跨学科为核心特征的STEAM教育,寻求数学拓展课的优化路径.从确定以真实情境问题解决能力为目标、设计体现多维化特征的教学内容、实施彰显数学化脉络的教学活动、设定关注学习过程的评价侧重点4个维度切入,剖析STEAM教育理念对数学拓展课教学的指导价值,提炼教学基本理念,并构建了STEAM教育理念下的数学拓展课教学基本流程.最后归纳总结出教学设计与实施过程中应注意的关键点:防止过度数学生活化,妥善处理情境虚实;关注协作创新过程,培育工程设计思维;合理融入人文艺术,凸显数学学科本质.

汽车轻量化设计与制造综合实验课程思政建设的路径探索

课程思政是国家思想铸魂工程教育战略的关键举措,是传承中华优秀传统文化的重要途径,是助力行业突破技术封锁的客观需求,是高校落实全方位育人的必然选择,是推动研究生全面发展的本质要求。汽车轻量化设计与制造综合实验课程为车辆工程核心专业课,是学生步入汽车行业必备知识体系的重要组成部分。该文在阐释课程思政建设深刻内涵的基础上,总结课程思政建设过程中面临的现实困境,提出课程思政建设的思路与举措,以期为车辆工程专业相关课程的思政建设与教学提供借鉴和启示。

设计形态学下基于真实世界认知的材料研究与创新设计

材料、物质、生物等与真实世界组织构造相关的内容与设计研究息息相关,是设计形态学创新研究的源泉。基于真实世界组织构造认知,选取材料作为着眼点,设计形态学通过基础和应用研究相结合的方式提出了关于材料的研究思维与方法,并进行了产品创新设计探索。真实世界的内容包含自然、人造和智慧形态。研究该内容可帮助设计形态学研究更好地认知物质世界。此外,真实世界所涉及的多学科知识,也必然对设计科学跨学科交叉融合、协同创新具有积极的推动作用。再者,围绕材料展开研究可以更好地以点带面、从线到片地逐步拓宽设计科学关于物质领域的认知与研究,以寻求产生革新性地突破。

房产限额设计指标管理体系研究

房产住宅项目在设计阶段基本确定了项目整体品质,并对项目成本影响达70%~80%。因此,基于价值工程原理,从房产设计管理角度出发,分析规划方案、方案深化、施工图3个设计阶段的管理效率,以及产品价值点权重,提出各阶段管控要点,从宏观、中观、微观管理层面,形成限额指标体系,给设计决策和过程管理提供有效依据。经上海某保障房项目的实践检验,该方法可以更好地把握项目总体品质、控制成本、提升市场竞争力。

指向核心素养的生物学生活情境类试题设计

试题情境作为高考评价体系中的考查载体,能够很好地融合知识与能力,实现对学生的综合考查。基于学科核心素养与学业质量水平标准的要求,以“光源色温对体温调节的影响”这一生活情境为例,探索生物学生活情境类试题设计过程。

基于生活情境的“探究抗生素对细菌的选择作用”实验设计

基于生活化真实情境,从实验菌、抗生素、滤纸片、培养基、实验过程五个方面对高中生物学“探究抗生素对细菌的选择作用”实验方案做了新的设计和实践,取得了良好的实验效果。

基于POEC策略的真实问题解决的高中化学教学设计——以“如何科学使用补铁剂”为例

基于“老人长期喝浓茶导致缺铁性贫血”的真实情境,采用POEC策略引导学生通过实验探究解决问题,在探究“浓茶水、补铁剂、维生素C”三者之间关系及根本原因的过程中,学会如何科学使用补铁剂。建构运用真实问题解决的一般思路模型,强化转化性质决定用途等化学观念,感受化学学习的目的与价值——解决生活中的实际问题。

房地产设计管理过程中的成本控制策略

随着房地产市场的持续繁荣,国家正逐步加大市场调控力度,旨在确保行业的稳健前行。在这一背景下,房地产企业间的竞争日益激烈,利润空间不断受到挤压。为了在这样激烈的竞争环境中脱颖而出,实现健康、科学的管理与发展,对于房地产企业来说显得尤为关键。这一阶段确立了整个项目成本的基础,因此,从设计管理着手进行有效的成本控制,对于确保项目经济效益和企业利润空间至关重要。设计管理人员需要采取积极主动的态度,深入探索并实施一系列精细化的成本控制策略,为企业在市场波动中保持稳健运营奠定基础,也为企业构建可持续发展优势作出积极贡献。