DISPATCHING REAL-TIME MODEL OF COMPUTER-CONTROLLED TRUCK

In order to recover ore as much as possible, a computer-controlled truck real-time dispatching model is conducted under the conditions of Qidashan lron Mine. It can not only acquire the optimization of shovel and truck operation, but also satisfy requirements of blending ores.The simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the model developed.

Real-time Risk-averse Dispatch of an Integrated Electricity and Natural Gas System via Condi-tional Value-at-risk-based Lookup-table Ap-proximate Dynamic Programming

The real-time risk-averse dispatch problem of an integrated electricity and natural gas system(IEGS)is studied in this paper.It is formulated as a real-time conditional value-at-risk(CVaR)-based risk-averse dis-patch model in the Markov decision process framework.Because of its stochasticity,nonconvexity and nonlinearity,the model is difficult to analyze by traditional algorithms in an acceptable time.To address this non-deterministic polynomial-hard problem,a CVaR-based lookup-table approximate dynamic programming(CVaR-ADP)algo-rithm is proposed,and the risk-averse dispatch problem is decoupled into a series of tractable subproblems.The line pack is used as the state variable to describe the impact of one period’s decision on the future.This facilitates the reduction of load shedding and wind power curtailment.Through the proposed method,real-time decisions can be made according to the current information,while the value functions can be used to overview the whole opti-mization horizon to balance the current cost and future risk loss.Numerical simulations indicate that the pro-posed method can effectively measure and control the risk costs in extreme scenarios.Moreover,the decisions can be made within 10 s,which meets the requirement of the real-time dispatch of an IEGS.Index Terms—Integrated electricity and natural gas system,approximate dynamic programming,real-time dispatch,risk-averse,conditional value-at-risk.

TRUCK DISPATCHING CRITERIA AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

Along with the development of automatical truck dispatching in open pits, it is important to es-tablish general-gurpose criteria for truck dispatching optimization. The existing dispatching criteria are briefly introduced and optimal dispatching criteria for different haulage systems are recommended. Obvious economic results have been obtained from case studies applying the recommended dispatching criteria.

动态照明对疲劳调度员神经行为反应的影响

为探讨利用地铁调度中心照明环境辅助性支持设计来缓解调度员脑力疲劳以实现人机增效的可行性,研究了动态照明对疲劳调度员的影响效应及神经机制。基于实验室环境搭建了可见光谱人工照明实验平台并在此基础上调制了两种环境光照参数(常规照明:500 lx,4 000 K;动态照明:500 lx,4 000~12 000 K),采用单因素两水平被试内设计开展人因照明工效学实验。基于地铁调度任务分析设计了分别表征持续注意、工作记忆和执行控制认知功能的PVT、N-back和MABT-Ⅱ范式,对比分析了16名被试在不同光暴露期间的主观评估、行为绩效和脑电(electroencephalogram,EEG)指标等神经行为反应差异。结果表明,相较于常规照明,疲劳被试在动态照明下的主观感觉更警觉,情绪更积极,其持续注意、工作记忆和执行控制等认知功能得到显著改善。EEG数据揭示这种疲劳干预机制可能来源于动态光线对大脑额叶区α、θ和α-θ等低频频段活动的有效抑制。当前研究初步验证了动态照明对脑力疲劳的影响效应,为城市轨道交通照明设计和疲劳管理提供依据。

电力调度建筑的设计策略

对电力调度建筑这一特殊的建筑类型的特点进行分析,提出功能主导、完善服务、空间营造等设计策略,并以蒙东电力调度通讯楼的设计为例,采用上述策略解决功能、形式、空间等问题,使得该建筑形成了别具特色的空间效果。

Segmented Real-time Dispatch Model and Stochastic Robust Optimization for Power-gas Integrated Systems with Wind Power Uncertainty

This paper develops a segmented real-time dispatch model for power-gas integrated systems(PGISs), where power-to-gas(P2G) devices and traditional automatic generation control units are cooperated to manage wind power uncertainty. To improve the economics of the real-time dispatch in regard to the current high operation cost of P2Gs, the wind power uncertainty set is divided into several segments, and a segmented linear decision rule is developed, which assigns adjustment tasks differently when wind power uncertainty falls into different segments. Thus, the P2G operation with high costs can be reduced in real-time adjustment. Besides, a novel segmented stochastic robust optimization is proposed to improve the efficiency and robustness of PGIS dispatch under wind power uncertainty, which minimizes the expected cost under the empirical wind power distribution and builds up the security constraints based on the robust optimization. The expected cost is formulated using a Nataf conversion-based multi-point estimate method, and the optimal number of estimate points is determined through sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, a difference-ofconvex optimization with a partial relaxation rule is developed to solve the non-convex dispatch problem in a sequential optimization framework. Numerical simulations in two testing cases validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and solving method.

Hierarchy of mesenchymal stem cells: Comparison of multipotentmesenchymal stromal cells with fibroblast colony forming units

The organization of the compartment of mesenchymal stem cells is still obscure. Two types of human stromal precursor cells are known. Both of them are analyzed in in vitro system: mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (MMSC) and fibroblast colony forming units (CFU-F). The aim of this study was to compare the main characteristics of MMSC and CFU-F derived from the bone marrow of 24 healthy donors. Growth and differentiation parameters, as well as relative expression levels of different genes were analyzed in MMSC and CFU-F. MMSC were cultivated for 5 passages. CFU-F concentration was determined for each bone marrow sample. The data obtained demonstrated the heterogeneity and hierarchical organization of both studied populations of stromal precursor cells-MMSC and CFU-F. These two types of stromal precursor cells turned to be different in most parameters studied. Altogether MMSC seemed to be more immature cells than CFU-F and took up the higher position in hierarchical tree of mesenchymal stem cells. The rate of differentiation and proliferative potential decreased with the donor’s age in both populations MMSC and CFU-F.

Coupling real-time simulation of power supply,trains and dispatching for urban rail transit

In order to study the interaction among the traction power supply,the train group and the operation dispatching of urban rail transit,a coupling simulation system of power supply system,trains and dispatching management is constructed.In order to solve the problems of different timescales and difficult cooperation operation for related subsystems,a multi-bus distributed real-time network architecture based on hierarchical management of communication data is established,and simulation management software is developed to facilitate the free expansion of the simulation system.Meanwhile,the track line,train operation and other large timescale subsystems are realized by the pure digital simulation.And the time-sensitive subsystems,such as train traction system,braking system,auxiliary power supply system and network system etc.,are built by the semi-physical simulation.In this article,the system structure and the main implementation principle of each simulation subsystem are given in detail,and the system is tested and verified at the end.The results show that the simulation system can meet the expected requirements.

Constitutively Active Soluble Form of Erythropoietin Receptor Suppresses Growth and Angiogenesis of Xenografts of Transfected Cancer Cell Lines

We examined the effect of blocking the erythropoietin (Epo) signaling using an anti-Epo antibody, soluble form of Epo receptor (sEpoR) capable of binding to Epo or EpoR antagonist, and proved to be effective against xenografts of female reproductive organ malignancies and of cancer cell lines in nude mice. We transfected seven cancer cell lines of various origins to express constitutively active sEpoR, and examined their tumorigenesis in nude mice. Suppression of the tumor growth, decrease in viable and proliferating cells and reduction of vascular density were seen individually in all xenografts of transfected cell lines compared with the controls. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses showed that expression levels of Epo, EpoR, ?1A-adrenaline receptor (?1A-ADR) and muscalinic acetylcholine receptor subunit 3 mRNAs (m3-AchR) were higher in the majority of the wild-type xenografts than in the corresponding cell lines except for A549. In some of the transfected xenografts, EpoR, ?1A-ADR and m3-AchR mRNAs were down-regulated. Western blot analyses revealed that the constitutively activated ERK1/2MAPK was discernible in the majority of non-transfected cell lines and was reduced in the transfected cell lines. However, it was regained after exposure to acetylcholine and/or noradrenaline. These findings suggest that constitutively active sEpoR can effectively destroy the xenografts but signals from the autonomic neurotransmitters of the host produced under stress may interfere with this antitumor activity.

A retroactive approach to microgrid real-time scheduling in quest of perfect dispatch solution

As an emerging paradigm in distributed power systems,microgrids provide promising solutions to local renewable energy generation and load demand satisfaction.However,the intermittency of renewables and temporal uncertainty in electrical load create great challenges to energy scheduling,especially for small-scale microgrids.Instead of deploying stochastic models to cope with such challenges,this paper presents a retroactive approach to real-time energy scheduling,which is prediction-independent and computationally efficient.Extensive case studies were conducted using 3-year-long real-life system data,and the results of simulations show that the cost difference between the proposed retroactive approach and perfect dispatch is less than 11%on average,which suggests better performance than model predictive control with the cost difference at 30%compared to the perfect dispatch.

Dynamic-decision-based Real-time Dispatch for Reducing Constraint Violations

This paper proposes a dynamic-decision-based realtime dispatch method to coordinate the economic objective with multiple types of security dispatch objectives while reducing constraint violations in the process of adjusting the system operation point to the optimum.In each decision moment,the following tasks are executed in turn:①locally linearizing the system model at the current operation point with the online model identification by using measurements;②narrowing down the gaps between unsatisfied security requirements and their security thresholds in order of priority;③minimizing the generation cost;④minimizing the security indicators within their security thresholds.Compared with the existing real-time dispatch strategies,the proposed method can adjust the deviations caused by unpredictable power flow fluctuations,avoid dispatch bias caused by model parameter errors,and reduce the constraint violations in the dispatch decision process.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with the IEEE 39-bus system.

Two-stage Correction Strategy-based Real-time Dispatch for Economic Operation of Microgrids

Given the different energy rates of multiple types of power generation units,different operation plans affect the economy of microgrids.Limited by load and power generation forecasting technologies,the economic superiority of day-ahead plans is unable to be fully utilized because of the fluctuation of loads and power sources.In this regard,a two-stage correction strategy-based real-time dispatch method for the economic operation of microgrids is proposed.Based on the optimal day-ahead economic operation plan,unbalanced power is validly allocated in two stages in terms of power increment and current power,which maintains the economy of the day-ahead plan.Further,for operating point offset during real-time correction,a rolling dispatch method is introduced to dynamically update the system operation plan.Finally,the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

自然语言处理技术在配网调度业务的应用研究

为保障配电网安全稳定运行,文章针对影响调度台最大、业务量最大的计划停电检修和停复电操作场景,研究基于调度操作文本分词的处理技术,应用自然语言处理的中文文本分词技术,结合基础命令票库的匹配校核方法,研究了一种配网调度命令票智能成票方法,实现配网调度员一键成票,提高配网调度员拟票效率,降低人为的错字漏字等出错概率,支撑配网调度操作智能化运转,将配网调度员从重复性的拟票工作中解放出来。

公交智能化调度系统实时调度形式确定方法研究

针对我国公共交通系统实际情况,在认真分析可行调度方法的基础上,将实时调度形式的确定理解为一种模式识别问题,并给出基于BP神经网络的公交车辆实时调度形式的确定方法。该方法在实际公交线路中的应用情况验证了其适用性和可行性。

基于SCADA系统的地区电网调度操作票系统的设计

提出了基于数据采集与监视控制系统(SCADA系统)的地区电网调度操作票系统的设计方案。利用SCADA系统作为支撑平台来获取电网模型和实时运行方式,解决了传统的操作票系统与SCADA系统之间接口的不稳定性,为智能成票提供了真实的环境。在接线图上进行点图模拟预演成票,并在模拟过程中提供精确严密的安全校验,确保生成操作票的正确性,达到调度操作前预分析和预控制目标。系统已经在衢州地调投入了运行,运行情况表明从很大程度上减轻了调度员的工作强度,提高了开票速度和质量,极大地提升了调度管理水平。

劳务派遣关系中的竞业限制问题研究

劳动法上竞业限制属于一般就业形态下的一种制度,在劳务派遣这种特殊形态下能否适用劳动合同法有关规定以及如何安排,在劳动法界存在争议。由于涉及三方主体,竞业限制在劳务派遣关系中表现较为复杂,实践中呈现三类不同的约定形态,就业权与经营权间存在冲突。为了有效规范劳务派遣的竞业限制问题,笔者主张我国立法应当确立要派单位约定竞业限制条款的主体资格,明确劳务派遣中禁止约定竞业限制的具体情形,并注重平衡派遣单位与要派单位之间的利益。

油气企业劳务派遣用工的法律风险及防控

为了降低成本、提高效率,油气企业广泛使用劳务派遣等用工方式。认识和防控这些用工方式所存在的法律风险,对油气企业规范劳动用工具有重要的实践意义。在清晰界定相关基本概念的基础上,依据相关法律法规,分析并总结了劳务派遣及其替代形式的法律风险,认为油气企业在使用劳务派遣等用工方式时,对其定义理解不够准确,存在不符合法定使用条件及用工比例等现象。结合油气企业当前的发展形势,提出以下建议:1油气企业应该在法律边界内规范使用劳务派遣用工形式,严格限制劳务派遣用工的比例及使用条件,调整用工时间;2依法科学地理解和运用劳务派遣用工的"同工同酬"要求,规范岗位和工种的划分与认定,制定合理的薪酬分配方案;3正确认识业务外包和劳务分包等用工方式的使用条件,明确使用这些用工方式的业务领域,谨慎使用业务外包和劳务分包等用工形式。

公立医院辅助用工形式现状分析

医疗服务市场竞争日趋激烈,医院逐渐建立以编制内用工为主体,多种编制外用工形式共同存在的新的用工机制。通过几年来的运行,发现了一些问题,也预见到今后可能会发生的问题。作者对辅助用工方式的现状进行了较深入地调研与分析思考。研究表明,本院应用的各种辅助用工形式均是根据各个岗位的职业特点和管理方式选择,它们各自发挥着应有的作用。作为人事部门也能较好地运用各种管理手段,对其进行管理和激励。人事用工方式是一项综合的管理措施改革,要在以往管理工作经验的基础上,结合医院自身的实际情况和相关配套政策的改革,在今后的工作中不断探索和完善。

配电网调度作业管理系统的设计及实现

本文首先分析了国内配电网管理系统建设存在的主要问题,然后从设计理念、总体架构、系统功能设计、关键技术等方面对配电网调度作业管理系统进行阐述。在南京供电公司配调中心的使用情况表明,系统实现了配网调度的无纸化和流程化管理,比较明显的体现了配网管理系统的规模经济效益,对实现供电企业的安全、合理调度运行,提高供电可靠性、降低调度员工作动强度方面发挥了重要作用。

医院合同制工人用工形式改革探索

医院合同制工人是直接与医院签订劳动合同,建立劳动关系的工人,主要从事辅助性、临时性、替代性工作,保障临床一线的需求。随着医院合同制工人数量逐渐增加,医院承担的管理成本和用工风险也相应提高。因此,医院积极探索,通过外包、劳务派遣等方式,对合同制工人用工形式进行改革,做到既保障临床需求、提高合同制工人的积极性,又能实现合法、高效、低风险用工。