Semi-implantable device based on multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster for continuous monitoring of physiological ions

Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in biological subjects.Current semi-implantable devices are mainly based on single-parameter detection.Miniaturized semi-implantable electrodes for multiparameter sensing have more restrictions on the electrode size due to biocompatibility considerations,but reducing the electrode surface area could potentially limit electrode sensitivity.This study developed a semi-implantable device system comprising a multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster(MMEC)and a printed circuit board for real-time monitoring of intra-tissue K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Na^(+)concentrations.The electrode surface area was less important for the potentiometric sensing mechanism,suggesting the feasibility of using a tiny fiber-like electrode for potentiometric sensing.The MMEC device exhibited a broad linear response(K^(+):2–32 mmol/L;Ca^(2+):0.5–4 mmol/L;Na^(+):10–160 mmol/L),high sensitivity(about 20–45 mV/decade),temporal stability(>2weeks),and good selectivity(>80%)for the above ions.In vitro detection and in vivo subcutaneous and brain experiment results showed that the MMEC system exhibits good multi-ion monitoring performance in several complex environments.This work provides a platform for the continuous real-time monitoring of ion fluctuations in different situations and has implications for developing smart sensors to monitor human health.

A Real-Time System for Monitoring Distant Dynamic Displacement of Structures

Based on digital image processing technique, a real-time system is developed to monitor and detect the dynamic displacement of engineering structures. By processing pictures with a self-programmed software, the real-time coordinate of an object in a certain coordinate system can be obtained, and further dynamic displacement data and curve of the object can also be achieved. That is, automatic gathering and real-time processing of data can be carried out by this system simultaneously. For this system, first, an untouched monitoring technique is adopted, which can monitor or detect objects several to hundreds of meters apart; second, it has flexible installation condition and good monitoring precision of sub-millimeter degree; third, it is fit for dynamic, quasi-dynamic and static monitoring of large engineering structures. Through several tests and applications in large bridges, good reliability and dominance of the system is proved.

Research and application of real-time monitoring and early warning thresholds for multi-temporal agricultural products information

Monitoring and early warning is an important means to effectively prevent risks in agricultural production,consumption and price.In particular,with the change of modes of national administration against the background of big data,improving the capacity to monitor agricultural products is of great significance for macroeconomic decision-making.Agricultural product information early warning thresholds are the core of agricultural product monitoring and early warning.How to appropriately determine the early warning thresholds of multi-temporal agricultural product information is a key question to realize real-time and dynamic monitoring and early warning.Based on the theory of abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information and the research of substantive impact on the society,this paper comprehensively discussed the methods to determine the thresholds of agricultural product information fluctuation in different time dimensions.Based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBSC)and survey data,this paper used a variety of statistical methods to determine the early warning thresholds of the production,consumption and prices of agricultural products.Combined with Delphi expert judgment correction method,it finally determined the early warning thresholds of agricultural product information in multiple time,and carried out early warning analysis on the fluctuation of agricultural product monitoring information in 2018.The results show that:(1)the daily,weekly and monthly monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural products play an important early warning role in monitoring abnormal fluctuations with agricultural products;(2)the multitemporal monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural product information identified by the research institute can provide effective early warning on current abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information,provide a benchmarking standard for China's agricultural production,consumption and price monitoring and early warning at the national macro level,and further improve the application of China's agricultural product monitoring and early warning.

Real-Time Grouting Monitoring and Visualization Analysis System for Dam Foundation Curtain Grouting

A real-time monitoring and 3D visualization analysis system is proposed for dam foundation curtain grouting. Based on the real-time control technology, the optimization method and the set theory, a mathematical model of the system is established. The real-time collection and transmission technology of the grouting data provides a data foundation for the system. The real-time grouting monitoring and dynamic alarming method helps the system control the grouting quality during the grouting process, thus, the abnormalities of grouting, such as jacking and hydraulic uplift, can be effectively controlled. In addition, the 3D grouting visualization analysis technology is proposed to establish the grouting information model(GIM). The GIM provides a platform to visualize and analyze the grouting process and results. The system has been applied to a hydraulic project of China as a case study, and the application results indicate that the real-time grouting monitoring and 3D visualization analysis for the grouting process can help engineers control the grouting quality more efficiently.

Velocity Monitoring of Molten Steel in a Continuous Casting Mold Using Three Submerged Entry Nozzle Designs

The horizontal and vertical velocity components of molten steel in a slab continuous casting mold produced by three different two-port Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) designs are monitored and compared using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. These two ports designs correspond to a conventional cylindrical SEN, a plate SEN and an anchor-shaped SEN. Four monitoring points at the molten steel in the centered vertical plane were selected to track the horizontal and the vertical component of the velocity vector. Two of them are located near the free surface and the remaining two are located in the vicinity of the SEN discharge nozzles. Some statistical values of the time series of above the velocity components are analyzed and correlated with the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and the Karman vortex streets, which cause mold powder entrapment in the molten steel.

Real-Time Monitoring of Dynamic Chemical Processes in Microbial Metabolism with Optical Sensors

Monitoring microbial metabolism is vital for revealing the mechanism of disease related to microbial metabolism and providing guidance for biomanufacturing processes optimization.However,it remains a grand challenge to offer real-time insights into microbial metabolism owing to the complex and dynamic process.In this paper,the recent advances and prospects of optical biosensors including the organic,genetic coding and inorganic optical biosensors are briefly described for real-time monitoring of dynamic microbial metabolism.This paper points out that challenges remain in microbial heterogeneity.We believe that this work will inspire the application of developing new methods for single cell real-time analysis.

Dynamic time-cost-quality tradeoff of rockfill dam construction based on real-time monitoring

Time, cost, and quality are three key control factors in rockfill dam construction, and the tradeoff among them is important. Research has focused on the construction time-cost-quality tradeoff for the planning or design phase, built on static empirical data. However, due to its intrinsic uncertainties, rockfill dam construction is a dynamic process which requires the tradeoffto adjust dynamically to changes in construction conditions. In this study, a dynamic time-cost-quality tradeoff （DTCQT） method is proposed to balance time, cost, and quality at any stage of the construction process. A time-cost-quality tradeoff model is established that considers time cost and quality cost. Time, cost, and quality are dynamically estimated based on real-time monitoring. The analytic hierarchy process （AHP） method is applied to quantify the decision preferences among time, cost, and quality as objective weights. In addition, an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA-II） coupled with the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） method is used to search for the optimal compromise solution. A case study project is analyzed to demonstrate the applicability of the method, and the efficiency of the proposed optimization method is compared with that of the linear weighted sum （LWS） and NSGA-II.

Continuous dynamic monitoring of a centenary iron bridge for structural modification assessment

A multi-channel continuous dynamic monitoring system has been installed in a centenary iron arch bridge on late November 2011. The historic infrastructure, completed in 1889 and crossing the Adda river about 50 km far from Milan, is the most important monument of XIX century iron architecture in Italy and is still used as roadway and railway bridge. The monitoring project follows a series of preliminary ambient vibration tests carried out on the bridge since June 2009. The paper describes the bridge structure and its dynamic characteristics identified from the experimental studies developed since 2009, the installed monitoring system and the software developed in LabVIEW for automatically processing the collected data. Subsequently, the tracking of automatically identified natural frequencies over a period of about 18 months is presented and discussed, highlighting the effects of environmental and operational conditions on the bridge dynamic characteristics as well as the detection of structural changes, mainly based on natural frequencies shifts.

Two-Phase Rate Adaptation Strategy for Improving Real-Time Video QoE in Mobile Networks

With the popularity of smart handheld devices, mobile streaming video has multiplied the global network traffic in recent years. A huge concern of users' quality of experience(Qo E) has made rate adaptation methods very attractive. In this paper, we propose a two-phase rate adaptation strategy to improve users' real-time video Qo E. First, to measure and assess video Qo E, we provide a continuous Qo E prediction engine modeled by RNN recurrent neural network. Different from traditional Qo E models which consider the Qo E-aware factors separately or incompletely, our RNN-Qo E model accounts for three descriptive factors(video quality, rebuffering, and rate change) and reflects the impact of cognitive memory and recency. Besides, the video playing is separated into the initial startup phase and the steady playback phase, and we takes different optimization goals for each phase: the former aims at shortening the startup delay while the latter ameliorates the video quality and the rebufferings. Simulation results have shown that RNN-Qo E can follow the subjective Qo E quite well, and the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the occurrence of rebufferings caused by the mismatch between the requested video rates and the fluctuated throughput and attains standout performance on real-time Qo E compared with classical rate adaption methods.

基于连续变化检测和分类算法的动态遥感生态指数构建

沿海地区经济社会高速发展,是生态环境变化的焦点区域。然而,沿海地区云雨天气频发,遥感信息获取能力受限,导致遥感生态质量指数(RSEI)评价结果受成像日期变化而波动,可比性较差。针对以上问题,研究利用连续变化检测和分类(CCDC)算法构建时间序列模型,通过合成任意时刻影像、重构遥感生态指数以及改进指数归一化方式,研发了一种动态遥感生态指数(DRSEI),细化了RSEI在区域生态质量监测的时间尺度,并应用于沿海城市宁波生态质量时空变化监测。结果表明:(1)RSEI对时间差异较为敏感,当影像年内成像时间相差逾1个月,RSEI差异可达0.147,这种差异会对长期生态质量动态监测的稳定性和准确性造成影响。(2)基于合成影像的DRSEI平均绝对偏差为0.097,接近成像时间相差半个月的RSEI差异(0.072),误差相对较小,一定程度上减小了真实影像时相差异引起的误差。(3)DRSEI能够表征任意时刻生态质量,通过年际(1986—2019年)和半月际(2019年)DRSEI分析揭示了宁波市生态质量总体下降趋势和时空异质性加剧过程。具体地,1986—2019年宁波市南部和西部森林区域的DRSEI持续上升,而近郊农田快速转化为建成区导致DRSEI不断下降。研究提出的DRSEI能够精确描述区域生态质量变化趋势,准确定位生态质量变化转折点,有望服务海岸带地区的生态质量定期监测与评估工作,支持沿海城市高质量发展与生态环境保护。

质量持续改进在降低给药差错中的应用

目的探讨质量持续改进在降低药物使用错误率中的应用效果。方法成立护理部药品管理质控小组,运用网络信息化报告系统平台进行全程质量监控,通过戴明循环法(Plan-Do-Check-Act,PDCA)总结问题、制定改进措施。对比质量持续改进前(2022年1—6月)、后(2022年7—12月)药物使用错误情况变化。结果改进后的给药差错发生率为0.03‰,低于改进前的0.08‰(P<0.05);改进后的个人数字助理(personal digital assistant,PDA)执行率、考核合格率高于改进前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成立专项质量持续改进小组,动态分析原因,提出并落实改进措施,有效降低给药差错发生率。

A dynamic risk-based early warning monitoring system for population-based management of cardiovascular disease

Risk prediction tools are crucial for population-based management of cardiovascular disease(CVD).However,most prediction models are currently used to assess long-term risk instead of the risk of short-term CVD onset.We developed a Dynamic Risk-based Early wAming Monitoring(DREAM)system using large-scale,real-time electronic health record data from 2010 to 2020 from the CHinese Electronic health Records Research in Yinzhou study.The dynamic risk scores were derived from a 1:5 matched nested case-control set comprising 70,470 individuals(11,745 CVD events)and then validated in a cohort of 81,205 individuals(5950 CVD events).The individuals were Chinese adults aged 40-79 years without a history of CVD at baseline.Eleven predictors related to vital signs,laboratory tests,and health service utilization were selected to establish the dynamic scores.The proposed scores were significantly associated with the subsequent CVD onset(adjusted odds ratio,1.21;95%confidence interval,1.20-1.23).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs)was 0.6010(0.5929-0.6092)and 0.6021(0.5937-0.6105)for the long-term 10-year CVD risk<10%and≥10%groups in the derivation set,respectively.In the long-term 10-year CVD risk>10%group in the validation set,the change in AUC in addition to the long-term risk was 0.0235(0.0155-0.0315).By increasing the risk threshold from 7 to 16 points,the proportion of true subsequent CVD cases among those given alerts increased from 40.61%to 85.31%.In terms of management efficiency,the number needed to manage per CVD case ranged from 2.46 to 1.17 using the risk scores.With the increasing popularity and integration of EHR systems with wearable technology,the DREAM scores can be incorporated into an early-warning system and applied in dynamic,real-time,EHR-based,automated management to support healthcare decision making for individuals,general practitioners,and policymakers.

The Concept and Design of Safety Management Innovation in the Use of Medical Equipment:Design of Real-time Monitoring System for Temperature and Humidity of Infant Incubator Based on Internet of Things in China

Ensuring safety in the use of medical equipment is an important guarantee for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Because medical equipment is mostly electrical and electronic equipment,the suddenness of its failure is inevitable.Although some equipment has regular preventive maintenance and metrological calibration,it is patient-free static calibrated.In China,because of its large population,large patient base,and large use of medical equipment,nurses are too busy taking care of patients and cannot pay attention to the safety of the use of each device.Therefore,we propose using the Internet of Things and IT technology to carry out real-time monitoring and alarming of important parameters of some special,high-risk,and large-used medical equipment,so as to strengthen the safety management of equipment use.Through the management innovation,this article successfully implemented real-time monitoring of the temperature and humidity of the neonatal incubator;and greatly improved the safety in the use of such equipment.

浅埋煤层地表动态变形规律实测研究

浅埋煤层高强度开采易诱发严重的开采沉陷灾害。为了分析浅埋煤层开采后地表沉陷特点,防治开采沉陷灾害,在马营煤矿9102综放工作面布置地表移动观测站,采用测回法,按照闭合测量路线进行动态变形监测,探讨了浅埋煤层地表移动动态特征。

连续动态血糖监测联合思维导图式健康教育对糖尿病肾病患者的影响

目的:探讨连续动态血糖监测联合思维导图式健康教育对糖尿病肾病(DKD)患者血糖控制、自护能力及生活质量的影响。方法:选取2021年1月1日~2022年12月1日收治的126例DKD患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各63例,对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上实施连续动态血糖监测联合思维导图式健康教育;比较两组干预前后血糖水平[包括空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA 1 c)]、自护能力[采用自我护理能力量表(ESCA)]、自我负担[采用自我感受负担量表(SPBS)]及生活质量[采用糖尿病生存质量特异性量表(DSQL)]。结果:干预后,两组FPG、2 hPG、HbA 1 c、SPBS、DSQL评分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组均低于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组ESCA评分高于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:连续动态血糖监测联合思维导图式健康教育可有效改善DKD患者血糖控制水平,提高患者自我护理能力和生活质量,从而减轻自我负担。

连续动态血糖监测联合胰岛素泵治疗初诊2型糖尿病患者的效果

目的:观察连续动态血糖监测联合胰岛素泵治疗初诊2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年1—12月天津市津南医院收治的108例初诊T2DM患者的临床资料,按照治疗方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各54例。对照组采用七段血糖监测联合胰岛素泵治疗,观察组采用连续动态血糖监测联合胰岛素泵治疗,两组均治疗1个月。比较两组临床疗效、治疗前后血糖指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]水平、胰岛功能指标[胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)]水平和低血糖发生率。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为90.74%(49/54),高于对照组的74.07%(40/54),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组FPG、2hPG、HbA1C、HOMA-IR水平均低于对照组,HOMA-β水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组低血糖发生率为5.56%(3/54),低于对照组的18.52%(10/54),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:连续动态血糖监测联合胰岛素泵治疗初诊T2DM患者可提高治疗总有效率,改善胰岛功能指标水平,降低血糖指标水平和低血糖发生率,效果优于七段血糖监测联合胰岛素泵治疗。

连续动态血糖监测在预防2型糖尿病患者住院期间发生低血糖的价值研究

目的 探讨连续动态血糖监测在预防2型糖尿病患者住院期间发生低血糖的价值研究。方法 选取2020年1月-2021年12月福建省南平市人民医院收治的160例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,根据患者血糖监测方式分为参照组和研究组,各80例。其中实施传统定点血糖监测的患者为参照组,实施连续动态血糖监测的患者为研究组。对比两组患者住院期间低血糖发生情况及血糖平稳时间、血糖波动情况。结果 研究组患者住院治疗期间低血糖总发生率为26.25%低于参照组的48.75%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.723,P<0.05);研究组患者血糖平稳时间长于参照组,空腹血糖波动范围低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在2型糖尿病患者住院期间进行连续动态血糖监测能够有效了解患者血糖,并进行相应的处理干预,可有效减少患者低血糖事件的发生,在保证患者安全的情况下,尽快使血糖达标,减少空腹血糖波动,帮助患者尽早康复,值得临床推广与应用。

临床中对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇进行连续动态监测血糖的应用价值分析

目的分析连续动态检测血糖在妊娠期糖尿病孕妇中的应用价值。方法选取2021年9月—2022年9月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院收治的60例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇为研究对象。随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,各30例。对照组行常规血糖监测,观察组行连续动态血糖监测。观察两组血糖相关指标以及妊娠结局情况。结果监测前,两组孕妇血糖相关指标对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);监测后,观察组血糖在目标范围内的时间高于对照组,且糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组孕妇剖宫产、活产、新生儿超重、先兆子痫、流产、畸形发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组早产、胎盘早剥、羊水过多以及新生儿低血糖发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论连续动态血糖监测能够控制妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖水平,降低不良妊娠结局风险。

煤岩冲击动力灾害连续监测预警理论与技术

为提高煤岩冲击动力灾害的监测预警效果,采用系统的理论研究和集成创新,完善了弹塑脆性突变模型,揭示了煤岩体损伤及冲击动力破坏特征与声发射、微震、电磁辐射等前兆信息的耦合关系,提出了煤岩体冲击破坏前兆信息辨识准则与监测原理,建立了煤岩冲击动力灾害的连续监测预警技术体系,即煤岩冲击动力灾害时间上从早期综合分析预测到实时监测预警,空间上从区域监测预警到局部监测预警、点验证的时空连续监测预警,并按无、弱、中、强4级对煤岩冲击危险进行分级预测预报。应用结果表明:该技术体系可较为有效地判别和预警煤岩冲击动力灾害危险,应用矿井降低煤岩冲击动力灾害显现71%。

路基压实质量连续动态监控技术

为了解决粗粒土路基压实质量较难控制的问题,在分析了已有连续压实质量控制方法的基础上,提出了以连续测试路基结构抗力变化信息为特色的动力学监控方法。根据压实机具与路基结构相互作用的动力学分析,以振动压路机为测试对象,采用系统识别原理和动态测试技术,通过对压实机具与路基结构相互作用的连续测试,得到了能反映结构压实状态变化的抗力信息。以路基结构在形成过程中抗力的变化来评价压实状态的变化,实现了在压实过程中连续实时的质量监控。该方法不同于国外流行的压实计谐波比的评价方法,适用范围更广,现场操作方便,更适用于粗粒土的压实质量监控。