Extension of sound field reconstruction based on element radiation superposition method in a sparsity framework

Nearfield acoustic holography(NAH)is a powerful tool for realizing source identification and sound field reconstruction.The wave superposition(WS)-based NAH is appropriate for the spatially extended sources and does not require the complex numerical integrals.Equivalent source method(ESM),as a classical WS approach,is widely used due to its simplicity and efficiency.In the ESM,a virtual source surface is introduced,on which the virtual point sources are taken as the assumed sources,and an optimal retreat distance needs to be considered.A newly proposed WS-based approach,the element radiation superposition method(ERSM),uses piston surface source as the assumed source with no need to choose a virtual source surface.To satisfy the application conditions of piston pressure formula,the sizes of pistons are assumed to be as small as possible,which results in a large number of pistons and sampling points.In this paper,transfer matrix modes(TMMs),which are composed of the singular vectors of the vibro-acoustic transfer matrix,are used as the sparse basis of piston normal velocities.Then,the compressive ERSM based on TMMs is proposed.Compared with the conventional ERSM,the proposed method maintains a good pressure reconstruction when the number of sampling points and pistons are both reduced.Besides,the proposed method is compared with the compressive ESM in a mathematical sense.Both simulations and experiments for a rectangular plate demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method over the existing methods.

Structural reconstruction of Sn-based metal-organic frameworks for efficient electrochemical CO_(2) reduction to formate

MOF-based materials have been widely explored in electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reactions for the production of valuable chemicals.Understanding the reconstruction of those catalysts under working conditions is crucial for the identification of active sites and clarification of reaction mechanism.Herein,a series of six N coordinated Sn-based metal-organic frameworks(Sn-N6-MOFs)are newly developed for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(CO_(2)RR).2%Sn-N6-MOF achieves the optimal catalytic performance with a formate Faradaic efficiency of~85%and a current density of 23 mA·cm^(-2) at-1.23 V vs.RHE.In-situ Raman results combined with ex-situ ^(119)Sn Mössbauer measurements reveal the structural reconstruction of Sn-N6-MOFs during CO_(2)RR,generating tin nanoclusters as the real active sites for CO_(2)electroreduction to HCOOH.

Reconstruction of Partial Auricular Defects by Polypropylene Mesh Helix Framework

Background: Current techniques in partial auricular reconstruction can utilize an autologous or alloplastic framework covered by a variety of soft tissue envelopes. Objective: Is to evaluate the benefit of using polypropylene mesh to reconstruct helix framework in partial auricular defects covered with local postauricular skin flap. Method: Eleven patients with partial auricular defect were treated by using polypropylene mesh helix framework which is covered with post auricular flap in a two stage repair;clinical results of the procedure were evaluated. Results: This technique achieved satisfactory results in 9 (81.8%) cases. Early Post operative complications: Hematoma formation in one case, mild infection in two cases, edema in two cases, and Partial overlying skin breakdown in one case with failure of technique. Late Post operative complications: Hypertrophic scar in one case, narrow retroauricular sulcus in one case, hair bearing skin over the auricle in one case. Conclusion: It is a simple technique, with satisfactory clinical results, easily done, even under local anesthesia, with no donor site morbidity of autogenous cartilage harvesting, not costly as other alloplastic substitutes, large series and longer follow up period are needed for better evaluation of this technique.

Analysis on the reconstruction of management accounting framework from the angle of corporate social responsibility

Along with China’s opening-up to the world and speedy social economic development, the economic strength will not serve as the only attribute of evaluating an enterprise. In this paper, by analyzing from the perspective of the management accounting framework under corporate social responsibility, the theoretical bases for enterprises to manage corporate image were discussed from two aspects economic strength and social responsibility.

On Dinosaur Reconstruction: An Introduction to Important Topics of Paleontology and Dinosaurs

Many people may be interested in Paleontology since the subject allows for large amounts of imagination and freedom in the creation of scenes. Dinosaurs draw the biggest interest because of their diversity in peculiar forms and often unusually large size of many species. There are people like artists who help the field paleontologists to describe, interpret and reconstruct fossils, and others that create drawings, restorations, sculptures and, most recently, computer animations for science, art and joy. To this end, a successful professional should have specific knowledge that will allow them to produce high-quality work. The current paper aims at: 1) providing knowledge on various topics of Paleontology, in order to understand the time scale of life on earth, its evolution and diversity;2) generating appreciation for the evolution of climatic conditions, continental plates and movement and the Mesozoic environment in which dinosaurs evolved;3) offering an understanding of scientific nomenclature used in Paleontology, and interpretation of drawings and meanings;4) helping one to realize how scientists extract information from bones, tracks, eggs, embryos and other remains;5) examining the physiology of dinosaurs, their metabolism, behaviors, growth rates estimated lifetime and diet;and 6) leading to the understanding of the relations between different dinosaur species and how Paleontologists complete missing parts from uncomplete skeletons. Examining the evolution of life, we observe that life began about 3.8 billion years ago in the deep sea. The first simple animals such as worms and jellyfish appeared in the oceans around 600 mya. The crust of the earth continuously moves to produce changes in the land masses and changes in the climatic conditions that affect the evolution of life. The life of the earth is divided into geological eras. At the end of each geological era, a major event of extinction occurred, which every time obliterated important groups of life. Dinosauria was one of the most successful clades of animals that lived on terrestrial ecosystems for over 160 million years, but was extinct at one of the major extinction events 66 mya. The remains of animals allow scientists and artists to recreate their forms usually in great detail and extract a lot of information about their lives. The paper describes in detail how and where to find information and explains how to interpret them in order to understand the meanings. The paper presents all the above in a simplified way giving the required knowledge without using difficult scientific terms and provides the essential knowledge to the interested person to appreciate the science of Paleontology.

On Dinosaur Reconstruction: Posture of Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs due to their diverse species and peculiar forms have drawn the interest of both artists and scientists. One way to unlock the unknown life of dinosaurs is to reconstruct dinosaurs through drawings, computer animations or sculptures. Following the Introduction on “Dinosaur Reconstruction” by the present authors, where important Paleontological knowledge was presented, the next step is to examine some specific information along with necessary details for dinosaur reconstruction. The first and basic step to be taken for a reconstruction is the posture of the animal;this is the theme of the current paper. Dinosaurs would move either bipedally or quadrupedally depending on their kind and body construction. Based on the available literature, various issues in relation to the posture of an animal at different instances are examined. These are: postures of bipedal dinosaurs during walking, observation of living bipedal animals, postures of quadruped dinosaurs during walking, feeding styles, and dinosaur tails. Theropods had a locomotor behavior like modern birds, with the step width increasing when the animals decreased speed. The general posture and movement of quadrupeds and especially sauropods, remains a subject of great and much controversy. Some scientists believe that sauropod necks were generally held in a neutral or undeflected state during most of the time, while others believe that sauropod necks behaved like all present-day amniote with the mid-cervical region held nearly vertical. Also, there are indications that dinosaurs usually held their tails above ground. For all dinosaurs, the long tail was acting as a counterbalance to the head and body. As a validating example, the case of Amargasaurus is investigated with the help of a model, where the various positions of the animal are examined. A certain posture was chosen for a full-size steel and concrete reconstruction based on the features of the animal.

Auricular Reconstruction Using a Porous Polyethylene Framework

Objective To report utility of Medpor frameworks in auricular reconstruction and management of frameworks protrusion. Methods Retrorespectively analysis of clinical information in 31 patients who underwent auricular reconstruction from April 2000 to October 2002. Results All 31 reconstructed auricles were in good condition at two weeks postoperatively. Framework protrusion occurred later in 11 patients. The framework was retained in 8 of these cases after secondary repair, but had to be removed in 3 patients. In 27 patients, the reconstructed auricle was rated as esthetically succesful. Conclusion Medpor framework protrusion is likely to occur when skin tension is high with minimal soft tissue coverage over the framework and can result from impact by strong external force. Despite the concern of protrusion, Medpor frameworks can be used in place of autologous cartilaginous graft in auricular reconstruction.

Expediting^(*)OH accumulation kinetics on metal-organic frameworks-derived CoOOH with CeO_(2) “accelerator” for electrocatalytic 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation valorization

In this work,nickel foam supported CeO_(2)-modified CoBDC(BDC stands for terephthalic acid linker)metal-organic frameworks(NF/CoBDC@CeO_(2)) are prepared by hydrothermal and subsequent impregnation methods,which can be further transformed to NF/CoOOH@CeO_(2) by reconstruction during the electrocatalytic test.The obtained NF/CoOOH@CeO_(2) exhibits excellent performance in electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) because the introduction of CeO_(2) can optimize the electronic structure of the heterointerface and accelerate the accumulation of ^(*)OH.It requires only a potential of 1.290 V_(RHE) to provide a current density of 50 mA cm^(-2) in 1.0 M KOH+50 mM HMF,which is 222 mV lower than that required in 1,0 M KOH(1.512 V_(RHE)).In addition,density-functional theory calculation results demonstrate that CeO_(2) biases the electrons to the CoOOH side at the heterointerface and promotes the adsorption of ^(*)OH and ^(*)HMF on the catalyst surface,which lower the reaction energy barrier and facilitate the electrocata lytic oxidation process.

A generalized deep neural network approach for improving resolution of fluorescence microscopy images

Deep learning is capable of greatly promoting the progress of super-resolution imaging technology in terms of imaging and reconstruction speed,imaging resolution,and imagingflux.This paper proposes a deep neural network based on a generative adversarial network(GAN).The generator employs a U-Net-based network,which integrates Dense Net for the downsampling component.The proposed method has excellent properties,for example,the network model is trained with several different datasets of biological structures;the trained model can improve the imaging resolution of different microscopy imaging modalities such as confocal imaging and wide-field imaging;and the model demonstrates a generalized ability to improve the resolution of different biological structures even out of the datasets.In addition,experimental results showed that the method improved the resolution of caveolin-coated pits(CCPs)structures from 264 nm to 138 nm,a 1.91-fold increase,and nearly doubled the resolution of DNA molecules imaged while being transported through microfluidic channels.

A Skeletal Camera Network for Close-range Images with a Data Driven Approach in Analyzing Stereo Configuration

Structure-from-Motion(SfM)techniques have been widely used for 3D geometry reconstruction from multi-view images.Nevertheless,the efficiency and quality of the reconstructed geometry depends on multiple factors,i.e.,the base-height ratio,intersection angle,overlap,and ground control points,etc.,which are rarely quantified in real-world applications.To answer this question,in this paper,we take a data-driven approach by analyzing hundreds of terrestrial stereo image configurations through a typical SfM algorithm.Two main meta-parameters with respect to base-height ratio and intersection angle are analyzed.Following the results,we propose a Skeletal Camera Network(SCN)and embed it into the SfM to lead to a novel SfM scheme called SCN-SfM,which limits tie-point matching to the remaining connected image pairs in SCN.The proposed method was applied in three terrestrial datasets.Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed SCN-SfM to achieve 3D geometry with higher accuracy and fast time efficiency compared to the typical SfM method,whereas the completeness of the geometry is comparable.

Fast Mesh Reconstruction from Single View Based on GCN and Topology Modification

3D reconstruction based on single view aims to reconstruct the entire 3D shape of an object from one perspective.When existing methods reconstruct the mesh surface of complex objects,the surface details are difficult to predict and the reconstruction visual effect is poor because the mesh representation is not easily integrated into the deep learning framework;the 3D topology is easily limited by predefined templates and inflexible,and unnecessary mesh self-intersections and connections will be generated when reconstructing complex topology,thus destroying the surface details;the training of the reconstruction network is limited by the large amount of information attached to the mesh vertices,and the training time of the reconstructed network is too long.In this paper,we propose a method for fast mesh reconstruction from single view based on Graph Convolutional Network(GCN)and topology modification.We use GCN to ensure the generation of high-quality mesh surfaces and use topology modification to improve the flexibility of the topology.Meanwhile,a feature fusion method is proposed to make full use of the features of each stage of the image hierarchically.We use 3D open dataset ShapeNet to train our network and add a new weight parameter to speed up the training process.Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method can not only reconstruct object meshes on complex topological surfaces,but also has better qualitative and quantitative results.

Structural and interfacial engineering of well‐defined metal‐organic ensembles for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction(CO_(2)RR)has been generally regarded as green technologies that can convert renewable energy such as sunlight and wind into fuels and valuable chemicals.However,the large‐scale implementation of CO_(2)RR is severely hindered by the lack of high‐performance CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.Heterogeneous molecular catalysts and metal‐organic framework with well‐defined structure and high tunability of the metal centers and ligands show great promise for CO_(2)RR in terms of both fundamental understanding and practical application.Here,structural and interfacial engineering of these well‐defined metal‐organic ensembles is summarized.This review starts from the fundamental electrochemistry of CO_(2)RR and its evaluation criteria,and then moves to the heterogeneous molecular catalysts and metal‐organic framework with emphasis on the engineering of metal centers and ligands,their interaction with supports,as well as in situ reconstruction of metal‐organic ensembles.Summary and outlook are present in the end,with the hope to inspire and provoke more genuine thinking on the design and fabrication of efficient CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.

骨免疫调节特性骨组织工程支架在修复骨缺损中的应用和发展

背景:在使用骨支架修复骨缺损时,注意骨免疫反应的调节对骨再生具有重要意义。目的:综述骨免疫反应对骨修复的影响和具有调节骨免疫功能的骨组织工程支架的设计和其在骨修复中的应用。方法:从Science Direct、PubMed、Web of Science与中国知网数据库中检索1973-2023年发表的相关文献。英文检索词:“Osteoimmunology,Macrophages,Bone repair materials,Bone scaffold,Bone defects,Bone regeneration”;中文检索词:“骨免疫,巨噬细胞,骨修复材料,骨支架,骨缺损,骨再生”,对筛选出该领域最新研究进展的80篇文献进行归纳分析。结果与结论:①文章详细梳理了骨免疫的起源和发展进程中的重要时间点,并阐述了巨噬细胞作为骨免疫调控体系中重要成员,可分为M1(促炎)和M2(抗炎)两类表型,并在骨再生的不同时期发挥着关键作用。在炎症期,M1型巨噬细胞一方面能激活破骨细胞,启动组织修复进程,同时参与骨内微血管网的重建,另一方面炎症后期的骨组织再生过程中,持续高表达M1型巨噬细胞会阻碍新骨形成;而在修复期,M2型巨噬细胞一方面可分泌成骨细胞因子,刺激骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化和矿化,进而促进骨形成,另一方面,长期激活的M2型巨噬细胞会增加促纤维化分子的分泌,导致瘢痕组织的过度形成,从而延迟愈合过程。因此调控巨噬细胞在适宜的阶段进行表型转换,构建有益于成骨的免疫微环境对骨再生意义巨大。②在设计具备骨免疫调控特性的骨支架过程中,可通过改变支架粗糙度、孔隙结构、刚度、亲水性、表面电荷、表面官能团等理化性质影响非特异性蛋白质和细胞黏附,从而影响骨支架与免疫系统的相互作用。而将羟基磷灰石,生物活性玻璃、金属离子、细胞外基质、药物、细胞因子和外泌体等生物活性物质进行表面功能涂层设计,则可在植入机体之后通过释放生物活性物质,主动调控免疫微环境,影响巨噬细胞极化和巨噬细胞与骨骼细胞之间的串扰,促进巨噬细胞更多的M2极化,构建出有利于骨再生的骨免疫微环境。③基于骨组织工程支架的研发,除了关注干细胞成骨分化的直接调控因素外,还应注重对干细胞分化的免疫微环境的管理,通过调控适宜的骨免疫微环境,诱导更多的干细胞成骨分化,增强支架的成骨效能,并凝练出“骨免疫调节特性”的理念,深入阐明了骨免疫微环境的多向调节作用并介绍了现有改变支架理化性能和表面功能涂层策略赋予支架骨免疫调控潜能的策略,为指导新一代具有骨免疫调控特性的骨组织工程支架的研发提供新思路。但是骨免疫微环境是一个动态平衡状态,现有研究的调控策略多数未顾虑到调控的动态匹配性,因此针对具有高效且靶向调控免疫微环境的智能骨免疫调控支架的研发,是未来学者研究的重点关注方向。

骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形下颌偏斜患者正颌手术前后髁突形态变化的研究

目的:探讨正颌手术对骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形下颌偏斜患者髁突形态的影响,以及不同偏斜程度患者髁突形态和变化的差异。方法:选取20例骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形伴下颌偏斜患者,根据颏下点偏离值(menton deviation,MD)分为A组(轻度偏斜组:4 mm≤MD<10 mm)和B组(重度偏斜组:MD≥10 mm),每组各10例。将患者术前(T1)、术后6个月(T2)颅面部CT数据导入Proplan CMF软件,三维重建获得髁突模型,读取髁突体积、表面积,计算髁突形态学指数(morphometric index,MI)。结果:T2时A组偏斜侧(the deviated side,DS)与非偏斜侧(the non-deviated side,NDS)髁突体积与表面积均减小(P<0.05);2组T1、T2时NDS髁突体积、表面积、MI均大于DS,双侧差异的统计学意义,B组更显著;A组各指标数值大于B组,2组DS各指标的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T2较T1时髁突变化幅度不同,2组DS体积、表面积变化幅度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:正颌手术会导致术后髁突体积与表面积减小,且术后6个月时轻度偏斜组髁突体积与表面积减小的统计学差异更加显著。患者DS髁突体积、表面积及MI小于NDS,轻度偏斜者DS髁突体积、表面积及MI大于重度偏斜者,术后髁突形态变化与偏斜程度相关。

骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形双颌术后髁突三维变化及骨质重塑

目的:评价三维重建软件评估正颌手术术后髁突变化的有效性及骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形双颌术后髁突三维变化及骨质重塑的情况。方法:本研究纳入18例患者,分别于术前(T0)、术后2周(T1)、术后6个月(T2)拍摄螺旋CT,通过Proplan CMF、mimics等三维重建软件行头颅模型重建、标点、计算,明确双侧髁突在三维方向上的角度、位移变化及髁突上表面的骨质改建情况,分析下颌后退程度与双侧髁突的旋转及位移之间的关系。结果:左侧髁突术后2周较术前表现为向后、上位移,在术后恢复时期(T1—T2),左侧髁突向外、下位移,术后6个月相比术前(T0—T2),左侧髁突整体向外、向后、向下位移;右侧髁突术后2周较术前表现为向外、向后、向上位移,术后恢复期间(T1—T2),髁突在冠状面上继续向下位移,术后6个月相比术前,整体向后位移。左侧髁突在T0—T1期间出现向后、外、上旋转,术后恢复期(T1—T2)髁突长轴在冠状面及矢状面表现为一定的恢复,术后6个月相比术前仍然表现为向后、向外、向上旋转;右侧髁突术后向外、前、下旋转,术后恢复期(T1—T2)在水平面、矢状面、冠状面均有向原有方向恢复的趋势,术后整体(T0—T2)表现为向外、后、上旋转。术后髁突的骨质吸收主要在前内侧区,骨质生成主要在后内侧区。下颌的后退程度(B0-B1)与左侧髁突外极点T0与T2之间在冠状面之间的距离(MPLZ0-2)、右侧髁突外极点T0与T1之间在水平面之间的距离(MPRX0-1)、右侧髁突外极点T1与T2之间在水平面之间的距离(MPRX1-2)之间存在极显著的强相关关系。结论:三维重建软件可以有效地运用于正颌术后髁突变化方面的研究。骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形双侧髁突术后出现旋转及位移,双侧髁突术后的旋转、位移及骨质重塑并不一致,同时下颌的后退程度与髁突的位移之间存在相关性。

西沙群岛中新世藻礁白云岩植物格架、储层特征和成礁模式

传统生物礁成因理论质疑钙藻形成坚固生物礁抗浪结构的能力,将钙藻归类于附礁生物群落。文章利用微焦X射线扫描成像技术(X-CT),研究“西科1井”、“西永2井”中新世红藻珊瑚藻科南海奇石藻(新种)格架岩和绿藻仙掌藻节片岩岩芯。通过三维层析成像直观透视图像,发现钙藻生物营造的藻礁抗浪结构,包括典型红藻柱状格架结构、障积结构和绿藻仙掌藻节片结构,证实钙藻植物是主要的造礁造岩生物。通过三维孔隙重构,获得总孔隙体积、面孔率、孔隙度的物性参数,验证了藻礁是南海沉积盆地中新世重要的油气储集层。提出了藻礁成因模式:造礁钙藻适应海面升降逐步演替–取代,经过钙化–埋藏化石化–白云石化,沉积生成藻礁云岩,造成中新世西沙礁纵向序列的增长。

Continuous Fe^(3+)releasing enabled complete reconstruction of Ni-based MOF for promoted water oxidation in industrial alkali

Most oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts show poor stability under industrial alkaline conditions(20–30 wt.%KOH).Therefore,it is essential to develop stable,efficient,and low-cost OER catalysts for industrial water electrolysis.Herein,we present a straightforward approach for the complete electrochemical reconstruction of Ni-BDC,a Ni-based metal-organic framework,for OER.This method involves the continuous release of Fe^(3+)from Fe foam counter electrode in a high-concentration(6.0 M,25 wt.%)KOH solution.The continuously Fe^(3+)releasing not only realizes in situ Fe^(3+)doping,but also introduces abundant defects in the obtained catalyst during cyclic voltammetry activation,thereby accelerating the electrochemical reconstruction.The reconstructed OER catalyst(Fe-doped nickel hydroxide/oxyhydroxide nanosheets supported on Ni foam,Fe-NiO_(x)(OH)y/NF)manifests a low overpotential of 217 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and 263 m V at 100 m A cm^(-2)in 1.0 M KOH.Noteworthy,the Fe-NiO_(x)(OH)_(y)/NF also demonstrates high stability in 30 wt.%KOH.This strategy of regulating the electrochemical reconstruction process sheds light on the construction of stable and efficient OER catalysts for industrial water electrolysis.

咬合平面治疗控制在正畸牙合重建中的作用

牙合平面随牙列建牙合完成而形成,其与磨牙位置、颌骨发育、面部美观及错牙合类型等密切相关,且在正畸矫治、颜面美学评估、正颌外科手术中起关键作用,是临床治疗的基础。口腔正畸治疗被认为是广义咬合重建治疗,其目的是将牙齿移动到功能及美学合适的位置,然而无论是局部还是全口牙列咬合的调整,都将改变原有的咬合关系,其中牙合平面的变化是考量要素之一。回顾正畸治疗带来的颜面美学变化,牙合平面生长引导及治疗控制可能是引起软组织侧貌变化的一个重要机制。牙合平面的变化还可能涉及牙弓间隙调整与重新分配,下颌功能运动协调,以及矫治重建和稳定等多个环节。基于此,本文对咬合平面与正畸治疗广义牙合重建的关系作一综述。

数字化重构框架下电子技能教学改革与实践

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