This paper studied the effect of reducing application of chemical fertilizer,increasing application of functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides on physiological traits,yie...This paper studied the effect of reducing application of chemical fertilizer,increasing application of functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides on physiological traits,yield and quality of radish. The results showed that applying functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides could help to significantly improve the radish fleshy root yield,increase soluble sugar and vitamin C content,reduce crude fiber and nitrate content,but had no significant influence on radish moisture content,glucosinolates and chlorpyrifos content in organophosphorus pesticides.展开更多
为了研究化肥减量配施有机肥对木薯根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构及产量的影响,采用Illumina Nova 6000测序平台,对未施肥(CK)、有机肥(T_(1))、常规施肥+有机肥(T_(2))和化肥减施+有机肥(T_(3))等施肥方式处理下的华南12号木薯根际土...为了研究化肥减量配施有机肥对木薯根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构及产量的影响,采用Illumina Nova 6000测序平台,对未施肥(CK)、有机肥(T_(1))、常规施肥+有机肥(T_(2))和化肥减施+有机肥(T_(3))等施肥方式处理下的华南12号木薯根际土壤进行16S rRNA高通量测序分析。结果表明,与CK相比,T_(3)处理不仅能显著增加木薯株高和茎粗,还能提高木薯产量。在相似水平为97%下聚类分析得到木薯根际土壤OTUs,分别为3603个(CK)、1688个(T_(1))、1276个(T_(2))和3317个(T_(3))。不同施肥方式改变土壤细菌的多样性和丰度,其物种多样性由高到低依次为:CK>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(2)。基于土壤细菌群落的PCoA和聚类分析,CK和T_(3)细菌群落结构组成较为相似,T_(1)与T_(2)细菌群落结构组成相似。不同施肥处理下木薯根际土壤中优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门。化肥减施配施有机肥增加了变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度,降低了厚壁菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度。冗余性分析结果表明速效钾是影响木薯根际土壤菌群的主要效应因子。研究表明,化肥减量配施有机肥不仅能增加木薯的产量,还能改变木薯根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性,为发展绿色、高效、可持续的木薯产业提供坚实的理论支撑。展开更多
Green manure can be used as a substitute for chemical fertilizer without reducing rice yield.We studied the responses of soil fertility and rice yield to different combinations of Chinese milk vetch(CMV;Astragalus sin...Green manure can be used as a substitute for chemical fertilizer without reducing rice yield.We studied the responses of soil fertility and rice yield to different combinations of Chinese milk vetch(CMV;Astragalus sinicus L.)and chemical fertilizer in a subtropical double-rice cropping system.Our goal is to reduce chemical fertilizer use and decrease environmental contamination.Compared with the recommended rate of chemical fertilizer(CF),both early-and late-rice yields in the two treatments supplied with 15 and 22.5 Mg CMV ha^-1 plus 60%CF(represented as 60 A and 60 B,respectively)showed no significant differences while the two treatments supplied with 30 and 37.5 Mg CMV ha^-1 plus 60%CF(represented as 60 C and 60 D,respectively)showed significantly higher values.The sustainable yield index(SYI)values in the 60 C and 60 D treatments with double-rice croppong system were significantly higher than those in other treatments(P<0.05).Early-rice yield showed a significant positive relationship with the Chinese milk vetch incorporation rate.The coefficients increased annually from 2009 to 2013 and then decreased in 2014.Soil organic matter increased over time by the end of the experiment in all of the treatment groups.Soil organic matter in 60 A,60 B and 60 C showed no significant difference compared with that in CF,while soil organic matter in 60 D was significantly higher than that in CF.The slopes of soil organic matter and total nitrogen over six years were the highest in 60 C and 60 D.The soil total nitrogen content in 60 A,60 B,60 C and 60 D was higher than that in CF,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).Therefore,a relatively high Chinese milk vetch incorporation rate(≥30 Mg ha^-1)was more effective in improving the productivity and sustainability of paddy soil.The decreased coefficients of early-rice yield and the Chinese milk vetch incorporation rate in 2014 implied that the benefits of soil fertility and rice yield created by Chinese milk vetch input may decline after five years under a continuously high rate of Chinese milk vetch incorporation.展开更多
基金Supported by the Second Batch of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Project in Hubei Province
文摘This paper studied the effect of reducing application of chemical fertilizer,increasing application of functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides on physiological traits,yield and quality of radish. The results showed that applying functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides could help to significantly improve the radish fleshy root yield,increase soluble sugar and vitamin C content,reduce crude fiber and nitrate content,but had no significant influence on radish moisture content,glucosinolates and chlorpyrifos content in organophosphorus pesticides.
文摘为了研究化肥减量配施有机肥对木薯根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构及产量的影响,采用Illumina Nova 6000测序平台,对未施肥(CK)、有机肥(T_(1))、常规施肥+有机肥(T_(2))和化肥减施+有机肥(T_(3))等施肥方式处理下的华南12号木薯根际土壤进行16S rRNA高通量测序分析。结果表明,与CK相比,T_(3)处理不仅能显著增加木薯株高和茎粗,还能提高木薯产量。在相似水平为97%下聚类分析得到木薯根际土壤OTUs,分别为3603个(CK)、1688个(T_(1))、1276个(T_(2))和3317个(T_(3))。不同施肥方式改变土壤细菌的多样性和丰度,其物种多样性由高到低依次为:CK>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(2)。基于土壤细菌群落的PCoA和聚类分析,CK和T_(3)细菌群落结构组成较为相似,T_(1)与T_(2)细菌群落结构组成相似。不同施肥处理下木薯根际土壤中优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门。化肥减施配施有机肥增加了变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度,降低了厚壁菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度。冗余性分析结果表明速效钾是影响木薯根际土壤菌群的主要效应因子。研究表明,化肥减量配施有机肥不仅能增加木薯的产量,还能改变木薯根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性,为发展绿色、高效、可持续的木薯产业提供坚实的理论支撑。
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0800500 and 2016YFD0200800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860592)+2 种基金the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-22-Z-06)the Special Scientific Research Fund of Agricultural Public Welfare Profession of China(201503123-07)the Innovation Fund of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(2015CBS007 and 20182CBS002)。
文摘Green manure can be used as a substitute for chemical fertilizer without reducing rice yield.We studied the responses of soil fertility and rice yield to different combinations of Chinese milk vetch(CMV;Astragalus sinicus L.)and chemical fertilizer in a subtropical double-rice cropping system.Our goal is to reduce chemical fertilizer use and decrease environmental contamination.Compared with the recommended rate of chemical fertilizer(CF),both early-and late-rice yields in the two treatments supplied with 15 and 22.5 Mg CMV ha^-1 plus 60%CF(represented as 60 A and 60 B,respectively)showed no significant differences while the two treatments supplied with 30 and 37.5 Mg CMV ha^-1 plus 60%CF(represented as 60 C and 60 D,respectively)showed significantly higher values.The sustainable yield index(SYI)values in the 60 C and 60 D treatments with double-rice croppong system were significantly higher than those in other treatments(P<0.05).Early-rice yield showed a significant positive relationship with the Chinese milk vetch incorporation rate.The coefficients increased annually from 2009 to 2013 and then decreased in 2014.Soil organic matter increased over time by the end of the experiment in all of the treatment groups.Soil organic matter in 60 A,60 B and 60 C showed no significant difference compared with that in CF,while soil organic matter in 60 D was significantly higher than that in CF.The slopes of soil organic matter and total nitrogen over six years were the highest in 60 C and 60 D.The soil total nitrogen content in 60 A,60 B,60 C and 60 D was higher than that in CF,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).Therefore,a relatively high Chinese milk vetch incorporation rate(≥30 Mg ha^-1)was more effective in improving the productivity and sustainability of paddy soil.The decreased coefficients of early-rice yield and the Chinese milk vetch incorporation rate in 2014 implied that the benefits of soil fertility and rice yield created by Chinese milk vetch input may decline after five years under a continuously high rate of Chinese milk vetch incorporation.