Optimizing the sulfur-resistance and activity of perovskite oxygen carrier for chemical looping dry reforming of methane

Perovskite oxides has been attracted much attention as high-performance oxygen carriers for chemical looping reforming of methane,but they are easily inactivated by the presence of trace H_(2)S.Here,we propose to modulate both the activity and resistance to sulfur poisoning by dual substitution of Mo and Ni ions with the Fe-sites of LaFeO_(3)perovskite.It is found that partial substitution of Ni for Fe substantially improves the activity of LaFeO_(3)perovskite,while Ni particles prefer to grow and react with H_(2)S during the long-term successive redox process,resulting in the deactivation of oxygen carriers.With the presence of Mo in LaNi_(0.05)Fe_(0.95)O_(3−σ)perovskite,H_(2)S preferentially reacts with Mo to generate MoS_(2),and then the CO_(2)oxidation can regenerate Mo via removing sulfur.In addition,Mo can inhibit the accumulation and growth of Ni,which helps to improve the redox stability of oxygen carriers.The LaNi_(0.05)Mo_(0.07)Fe_(0.88)O_(3−σ)oxygen carrier exhibits stable and excellent performance,with the CH_(4)conversion higher than 90%during the 50 redox cycles in the presence of 50 ppm H_(2)S at 800℃.This work highlights a synergistic effect in the perovskite oxides induced by dual substitution of different cations for the development of high-performance oxygen carriers with excellent sulfur tolerance.

A Preliminary Study on the Rural Land System Reform in the Context of Rural Revitalization

With the deepening of reform and opening up,the rural land system has experienced the evolution from contracting to transfer to the current rural revitalization strategy,and has always been closely linked to the well-being of farmers and the vigorous development of the rural economy.The reform of this system is not only a key driving force for rural economic development,but also an important cornerstone for realizing the rural revitalization strategy.Through in-depth analysis of the connotation of rural revitalization and rural land system reform,this study discusses in detail the internal dynamic mechanism of rural land system reform driving rural revitalization,and comprehensively analyzes the current implementation of rural land system reform.On this basis,this study puts forward the strategic concept of promoting the rural land system reform in the context of rural revitalization.Studies have shown that the rural land system reform has mainly played a positive role in the following four aspects in promoting rural revitalization:providing a solid material foundation for rural revitalization,optimizing the allocation of rural resources,promoting the transformation and upgrading of rural industrial structure,and promoting rural social harmony and stability.In the context of the current rural revitalization,the rural land system reform is undoubtedly one of the core issues of China s rural development.In order to further improve this system,we need to continue to optimize and innovate the rural land transfer system,the homestead reform system,and the rural collective construction land market entry system.

From Cooperation to Confrontation:The Collapse of the Reform Concept Led by Austria-Hungary and Russia in Macedonia(1903-1908)

As two major Great Powers in the geopolitics of the Balkans,the relationship between Austria-Hungary and Russia directly affected the stability of the political situation in Europe and the Balkans.At the beginning of the 20th century,the Austro-Russian cooperation dominated the Macedonian reforms,but with the deepening of the reforms,the structural contradictions between the two countries were fully exposed,and the original cooperative relationship went to a rupture.This drastically changed relationship became an important factor in the restructuring of relations between the Great Powers and the Balkan states before the First World War.

Reform of Theory-practice Alternating Teaching of the Introduction to Architecture Course Oriented to“Employment Priority and Integration of Industry and Education”

In the new era of building a socialist modernization country with the goal of promoting high-quality development,we deeply analyze the knowledge system of the Introduction to Architecture course.This analysis is based on the cross-disciplinary specialties of local applied universities and the orientation of prioritizing employment and integrating industry and education.We propose the teaching reform of“theory-practice alternation”which is adapted to the current times and societal needs.Finally,we comprehensively summarize the effectiveness of curriculum construction,in order to provide theoretical references for the implementation of fostering character and civic virtue and deepening the reform of collaborative education mechanisms.

Teaching Reform and Practice of Functional Experiment Based on the Cultivation of Excellent Medical Talents

In order to cultivate excellent clinical medical talents with a solid foundation, strong literacy, refined skills, excellent communication abilities, innovative thinking, and a strong focus on practicality, functional experiments have undergone a series of reforms in areas such as constructing new curriculum systems, improving teaching content, updating teaching equipment, introducing new teaching models, and enhancing teaching evaluation systems.

Research on the Teaching Reform of Building Information Modeling Course Based on“Post,Course,Competition,and Certificate”Integration

With the rapid development of information technology,the utilization of building information modeling(BIM)is increasingly prevalent in the construction industry.In order to cultivate BIM application-oriented talents capable of effectively addressing industry development demands,this study proposes a reform plan for BIM courses that integrates post,course,competition,and certificate.The reform plan implements the teaching methods of post-course integration,competition-based teaching integration,and course certificate integration in the BIM course.It also carries out curriculum reform from four aspects:curriculum system,teaching mode,teaching content,and assessment method.Reform should be implemented to enhance students’professional and practical skills,thereby enabling them to secure improved employment opportunities and prospects for career development.

Challenges and Teaching Reform Strategies in Vocational College Engineering Training Courses

With the rapid development of vocational education,engineering training has become a crucial course for cultivating highly skilled technical professionals,highlighting its importance.However,vocational college engineering training courses still face numerous challenges during the actual teaching process,which affect the effectiveness of course teaching and the enhancement of students’engineering competence.This article thoroughly analyzes the main problems existing in current engineering training course teaching,focusing on four aspects:students’cognitive differences,inadequate course development,poor course adaptability,and limited teaching resources.Based on this analysis and previous research findings,targeted strategies are proposed,including enhancing students’course cognition,clarifying course positioning,improving course adaptability,and optimizing the allocation of teaching resources.Furthermore,this article preliminarily verifies the effectiveness of some reform strategies through a small-scale teaching experiment.This study aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for enhancing the teaching quality of vocational college engineering training courses.

Reform and Practice of the Course“Introduction to Computer Science”in Universities Based on the Cultivation of Computational Thinking and Systematic Abilities

Introduction to Computer Science,as one of the fundamental courses in computer-related majors,plays an important role in the cultivation of computer professionals.However,traditional teaching models and content can no longer fully meet the needs of modern information technology development.In response to these issues,this article introduces the concept of computational creative thinking,optimizes course content,adopts exploratory teaching methods,and innovates course assessment methods,aiming to comprehensively enhance students’computational thinking and innovative abilities.By continuously improving and promoting this teaching model,it will undoubtedly promote computer education in universities to a new level.

Reform and Development of English Teaching in Colleges and Universities with the Integration of ChatGPT Technology

As an artificial intelligence-powered language generation model based on natural language processing,ChatGPT,like other artificial intelligence technologies,possesses super real-time dialogue capabilities and is considered an innovative and intelligent auxiliary teaching tool in the field of language learning.This article first analyzes the current state of development of artificial intelligence technologies such as ChatGPT.Secondly,it examines the challenges encountered in the reform and development of English teaching in colleges and universities in China.Lastly,it summarizes the applications and recommendations for using ChatGPT technology in college-level English teaching.

“Three-Wide Education”Reform,Innovation,and Practice in Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

The comprehensive reform of“three-wide education”is important to achieve inheritance and innovation in ideological education in colleges and universities.The Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology aims to address the practical problems of a weak ideological education team,incomplete system and mechanism,and insufficient resource mobilization in“three-wide education.”It actively explores the“three-wide education”based on the university’s existing foundation and advantages.Comprehensive,innovative ideas for reform,practice,and promotion of unique practices and paths are necessary,to continuously deepen education reforms and strive to build a new“three-wide education”work pattern to help the country’s modern talent cultivation work.

Research on the Reform of the Process-Tracking Ideological and Political Assessment System in Applied Universities:Taking the Personal Finance Course as an Example

Using the Xi’an Mingde Institute of Technology students as the teaching object and the Personal Finance course as an example,we explore the reform of the ideological and political assessment system of process-tracking courses in applied universities.The article analyzes the feasibility of applying the curriculum ideological and political assessment system in college courses and compares the traditional assessment system.It also proposes that applying curriculum ideological and political assessment to the college curriculum assessment system will help improve students’understanding of the“value guidance”in curriculum ideological and political education and enhance the teaching effect.

Teaching Reform and Practice of Embedded System Design Based on Outcome-Based Education

Embedded system design is the core course of the telecommunication major in engineering universities,which combines software and hardware through embedded development boards.Aiming at the problems existing in traditional teaching,this paper proposes curriculum teaching reform based on the outcome-based education(OBE)concept,including determining course objectives,reforming teaching modes and methods,and improving the curriculum assessment and evaluation system.After two semesters of practice,this method not only enhances students’learning initiative but also improves teaching quality.

The Reform and Practice of Multicultural Cultivation Mode of Art Talents in Colleges and Universities Under the Strategy of “Three Highs and Four New”

As an important link in the development of modern quality education,art education is one of the methods to guide students to have a diversified vision.Under the background of multiculturalism,we need to explore the connotation and value of art education with the concept of“three highs and four new,”so that students can realize interdisciplinary and cross-cultural cognition through an immersive experience and practical operation in a wide range of multicultural situations,and to develop the knowledge of art education with the concept of“three highs and four new.”Based on the multicultural background,this paper focuses on the integration of multiculturalism into the reform practice of“student-centered”in colleges and universities,so as to cultivate art talents adapted to the multicultural background,in order to achieve the great mission of“three highs and four new”and better lead the innovative development of art education in colleges and universities.

Research and Practice of Course Reform in English Majors of Colleges and Universities from the Ideological and Political Perspective

There is an urgent need for high-quality talents with ideological and moral character for the development of higher education and the cultivation of English majors who meet the requirements of the times.The course reform in English majors from the ideological and political perspective is an important way to improve the comprehensive quality and moral values of students,which helps to cultivate English talents with social responsibility and innovative abilities.This paper analyzes the problems in the current courses through literature review and field research,such as the lack of ideological and political perspective and low interest of students in ideological and political content.Based on these issues,taking the course“Comprehensive English”as an example,various teaching stages were practiced from the aspects of learning objectives,learning content,learning situation,implementation ideas,implementation effects,and teaching evaluation.Additionally,some suggestions are proposed,such as integrating ideological and political content into the entire process of teaching.The teaching staff needs to possess high-level English teaching ability and ideological and political perspective,standardize the evaluation system,and integrate epistemology into the evaluation process of ideological and political education,in order to promote in-depth research and exploration of ideological and political education of English majors.

Empowerment of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching Reform of Ideological and Political Courses in Universities

The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology has brought new opportunities and challenges to the field of education.As an important link in cultivating students’comprehensive quality and socialist core values,it is necessary to carry out continuous teaching reform and innovation in ideological and political courses in colleges and universities.Based on the concept of AI empowering the teaching reform of ideological and political courses,this study aims to explore how to use artificial intelligence technology to improve the teaching effect and learning experience of ideological and political courses.The research first analyzes the application status of artificial intelligence technology in education,and then discusses the application potential of artificial intelligence in ideological and political courses.Subsequently,the teaching reform strategy of ideological and political courses based on artificial intelligence is proposed,including the use of virtual reality technology,the application of intelligent auxiliary teaching tools to enhance personalized teaching,and the construction of an intelligent learning management system.Lastly,a case analysis is conducted to explore the implementation effect of the teaching reform of ideological and political courses in universities.The results showed that the application of artificial intelligence technology can effectively improve the teaching effect and learning experience of ideological and political courses,and provide new ideas and methods for the teaching reform of ideological and political courses in universities.

Curriculum Reform Practices in “Cosmetic Product Formulation Design and Preparation Technology” Under the Perspective of Integration of Industry, Education, and Research

With the upgrading of industries,the cosmetics industry has posed new requirements for technical talents.As a professional core course in cosmetic technology,“Cosmetic Product Formulation Design and Preparation Technology”serves as the foundation for cultivating students’abilities in cosmetic development and preparation.To foster high-quality skilled talents capable of adapting to the rapid growth of color cosmetics and to better promote the deep integration of scientific and technological industries with curriculum teaching,the teacher team embarked on active explorations and practical teaching research for curriculum teaching reform from four dimensions:strengthening top-level design,enriching teaching content,optimizing teaching design,and reforming assessment methods.These efforts have enhanced students’comprehensive vocational qualities and innovative consciousness,contributing to the teaching reform in higher vocational colleges under the integration of industry,education,and research.

High H_(2) selective performance of Ni-Fe-Ca/H-Al catalysts for steam reforming of biomass and plastic

The development of a selective catalyst for the conversion of biomass and plastics into H2by steam reforming can combat the energy crisis and global warming.In this work,support Ni-Fe-Ca/H-Al bifunctional catalysts were prepared by loading Ni and Fe into pretreatment CaO/Al_(2)O_(3)(Ca/H-Al)carriers and showed high catalytic activity for the steam reforming of biomass and plastic.Moreover,the idea of bidirectional degradation was exploited to strengthen the pyrolysis of plastic with a high H/C and biomass with a high O/C.Interestingly,the products presented high H2selective(1302.10 m L/g)and low CO_(2)yield(120.23 m L/g)in 7Ni-5Fe-Ca/H-Al(2:4)catalyst compared with current reports.Here,the abundant oxygen vacancies(Ov)in the H-Al carrier exhibited an electron-deficient nature,providing active sites for anchoring Ni O.Meanwhile,Ni O interacted with Ca_(2)Fe_(2)O_(5)to produce more defective Ovsites,which stabilized the NiO particles in the 7Ni-5Fe-Ca/H-Al(2:4)catalyst,and the interaction between the catalyst and the carrier was enhanced,leading to the reduction of weakly basic sites,this property promoted the strong adsorption of CO_(2)and H2O by the catalyst,contributing to the enhancement of efficient steam conversion and the promotion of conversion of by-products to H2.Notably,7Ni-5Fe-Ca/H-Al(2:4)catalysts maintained structural integrity after regeneration and exhibited excellent regenerability in H2selection and CO_(2)adsorption.The work provides a new idea for the study of efficient H2production from steam reforming of biomass and plastics.

On the apparent line-of-sight alignment of the peak X-ray intensity of the magnetosheath and the tangent to the magnetopause,as viewed by SMILE-SXI

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on board the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)spacecraft will be able to view the Earth’s magnetosheath in soft X-rays.Simulated images of the X-ray emission visible from the position of SMILE are created for a range of solar wind densities by using 3 years of the SMILE mission orbit,together with models of the expected X-ray emissivity from the Earth’s magnetosheath.Results from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations and a simple model for exospheric neutral densities are used to compare the locations of the lines of sight along which integrated soft X-ray intensities peak with the lines of sight lying tangent to surfaces(defined here to be the magnetopause)along which local soft X-ray intensities peak or exhibit their strongest gradients,or both,for strongly southward interplanetary magnetic field conditions when no depletion or low-latitude boundary layers are expected.Where,in the parameter space of the various times and seasons,orbital phases,solar wind conditions,and magnetopause models,the alignment of the X-ray emission peak with the magnetopause tangent is good,or is not,is presented.The main results are as follows.The spacecraft needs to be positioned well outside the magnetopause;low-altitude times near perigee are not good.In addition,there are seasonal aspects:dayside-apogee orbits are generally very good because the spacecraft travels out sunward at high altitude,but nightside-apogee orbits,behind the Earth,are bad because the spacecraft only rarely leaves the magnetopause.Dusk-apogee and dawnapogee orbits are intermediate.Dayside-apogee orbits worsen slightly over the first three mission years,whereas nightside-apogee orbits improve slightly.Additionally,many more times of good agreement with the peak-to-tangent hypothesis occur when the solar wind is in a high-density state,as opposed to a low-density state.In a high-density state,the magnetopause is compressed,and the spacecraft is more often a good distance outside the magnetopause.

Study on the Catalytic Reforming Law of Solid-Phase Carbon and Nitrogen Sources Loaded with MnO_(2)at Low Temperatures in Tahe Heavy Oil

MnO_(2)/Melem composites were synthesized with MnO_(2)nanoparticles loaded onto the Melem using the hydrothermal method.As raw materials for C and N carriers,Melem was prepared from melamine roasted at 354℃,and KMnO_(4)as a raw material for Mn,MnO_(2)nanoparticles were prepared using the hydrothermal synthesis of KMnO_(4).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and a laser particle size analyzer were used for structural characterization,and the catalytic oxidation performance of the heavy oil was investigated at different reaction temperatures(100℃to 180℃)using MnO_(2)/Melem with an oxidant and donor protonic acid.The results showed that the synthesizedβ-MnO_(2)nanoparticles were successfully loaded onto the Melem surface;the oil samples before and after the reaction at different temperatures were subjected to SARA analysis using Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR),elemental analysis,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and viscosity tests,respectively.It was determined that the hydrocarbons in the crude oil were converted to heavy mass by oxidation reactions with the oxidant mainly through a low-temperature oxidation process below 140℃in the heavy oil when the temperature exceeds 140℃,in addition to the oxidation reaction with the oxidant,a cleavage reaction in the carbon chain occurs to form hydrocarbon substances with lower molecular weights.

The Nature of Active Sites for Plasmon-Mediated Photothermal Catalysis and Heat-Coupled Photocatalysis in Dry Reforming of Methane

Solar energy-induced catalysis has been attracting intensive interests and its quantum efficiencies in plasmon-mediated photothermal catalysis(P-photothermal catalysis)and external heat-coupled photocatalysis(E-photothermal catalysis)are ultimately determined by the catalyst structure for photo-induced energetic hot carriers.Herein,different catalysts of supported(TiO_(2)-P25 and Al_(2)O_(3))platinum quantum dots are employed in photo,thermal,and photothermal catalytic dry reforming of methane.Integrated experimental and computational results unveil different active sites(hot zones)on the two catalysts for photo,thermal,and photothermal catalysis.The hot zones of P-photothermal catalysis are identified to be the metal-support interface on Pt/P25 and the Pt surface on Pt/Al_(2)O_(3),respectively.However,a change of the active site to the Pt surface on Pt/P25 is for the first time observed in E-photothermal catalysis(external heating temperature of 700℃).The hot zones contribute to the significant enhancements in photothermal catalytic reactivity against thermocatalysis.This study helps to understand the reaction mechanism of photothermal catalysis to exploit efficient catalysts for solar energy utilization and fossil fuels upgrading.