This paper studies the influence of feed injection on the hydrodynamic behavior of fluid catalytic cracking riser reactors. Experiments were conducted in a cold model of 186 mm ID with two oppositely inclined secondar...This paper studies the influence of feed injection on the hydrodynamic behavior of fluid catalytic cracking riser reactors. Experiments were conducted in a cold model of 186 mm ID with two oppositely inclined secondary air feed nozzles. The flow structure was determined by means of the axial static pressure measurements and local radial optic fiber probe measurements on different levels with emphasis on the sections downstream of the secondary injection. The measurements reveal that the secondary injection plays a crucial role on riser hydrodynamics. Just above the secondary injection, the flow and mixing are strongly affected, while below the secondary injection the effect is weak. The radial profile just downstream of secondary injection demonstrates wavy features. The effective region of secondary injection could be estimated by the axial pressure gradient profiles and/or the radial profiles of local solids velocity and density.展开更多
Unified power quality conditioner(UPQC)holds the capability of solving power quality problems,especially shows good performance in the voltage sag compensation. In this paper, a compensation strategy based on simultan...Unified power quality conditioner(UPQC)holds the capability of solving power quality problems,especially shows good performance in the voltage sag compensation. In this paper, a compensation strategy based on simultaneous reactive power injection for UPQC(namely UPQC-SRI) is proposed to address the issue of voltage sag. The proposed UPQC-SRI determines the injection angle of compensation voltage with consideration of optimal configuration of UPQC current-carrying.Moreover, the compensation strategy also considers the current-carrying limit of UPQC, and then the zero active power injection region of UPQC-SRI(also called UPQCSRI region) is obtained. Under the conditions which exceed the UPQC-SRI region, the limit value of shunt current is determined by this proposed strategy. Finally, the proposed strategy and the corresponding algorithm are verified under the PSCAD/EMTDC platform. The result indicates the proposed UPQC-SRI strategy in this paper can provide more persistent voltage sag compensation than the previous strategies for the sensitive load.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.29976024)
文摘This paper studies the influence of feed injection on the hydrodynamic behavior of fluid catalytic cracking riser reactors. Experiments were conducted in a cold model of 186 mm ID with two oppositely inclined secondary air feed nozzles. The flow structure was determined by means of the axial static pressure measurements and local radial optic fiber probe measurements on different levels with emphasis on the sections downstream of the secondary injection. The measurements reveal that the secondary injection plays a crucial role on riser hydrodynamics. Just above the secondary injection, the flow and mixing are strongly affected, while below the secondary injection the effect is weak. The radial profile just downstream of secondary injection demonstrates wavy features. The effective region of secondary injection could be estimated by the axial pressure gradient profiles and/or the radial profiles of local solids velocity and density.
基金supported by the twelfth five-year National Mega-projects of Science and Technology (2011BAA01B03)
文摘Unified power quality conditioner(UPQC)holds the capability of solving power quality problems,especially shows good performance in the voltage sag compensation. In this paper, a compensation strategy based on simultaneous reactive power injection for UPQC(namely UPQC-SRI) is proposed to address the issue of voltage sag. The proposed UPQC-SRI determines the injection angle of compensation voltage with consideration of optimal configuration of UPQC current-carrying.Moreover, the compensation strategy also considers the current-carrying limit of UPQC, and then the zero active power injection region of UPQC-SRI(also called UPQCSRI region) is obtained. Under the conditions which exceed the UPQC-SRI region, the limit value of shunt current is determined by this proposed strategy. Finally, the proposed strategy and the corresponding algorithm are verified under the PSCAD/EMTDC platform. The result indicates the proposed UPQC-SRI strategy in this paper can provide more persistent voltage sag compensation than the previous strategies for the sensitive load.
