This paper reports observations of flocking behavior of birds in a well-protected secondary forest in Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. A total of 1025 flocks including 5255 bi...This paper reports observations of flocking behavior of birds in a well-protected secondary forest in Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. A total of 1025 flocks including 5255 birds and 48 species were observed between October 2002 and November 2003. Most flocks consisted of only one species. The observed flocks averaged 1.79 +/- 0.05 (SE) species and 5.13 +/- 0.18 (SE) birds. The Japanese White-eye was the most numerous species and was present in 21.6% of the observed flocks. Seasonal trends in both flock size and number of species were similar to those in overall bird density and species richness in the study area reported in a previous study.展开更多
Objective：To study the differences in a special region（SR） corresponding to five internal organs between the young and the elderly and to verify the effectiveness of a developed system for objectifying research in ...Objective：To study the differences in a special region（SR） corresponding to five internal organs between the young and the elderly and to verify the effectiveness of a developed system for objectifying research in colour inspections of Chinese medicine（CICM）.Methods：An image acquisition device imitating daylight to meet the requirement of CICM was designed.Image processing software based on CICM theory was developed.A total of 83 normal people were sampled and assigned to two groups.The first group（Group I）included 30 people with an average age of 24 ±2,and the second group（Group Ⅱ） included 53 people with an average age of 74 ±4.After image processing,the chromaticity of 10 SRs corresponding to five internal organs was calculated.R,G,and B represent the chromaticity of color red,green,and blue,L indicates color brightness,whereas a and b denote red and yellow respectively.The difference between the young and the elderly was analyzed.Results：（1） The chromaticity of each SR corresponding to five organs was obtained.The average R,G,B,L,a,and b of the sample were 194.4,147.6,119.3,65.2,15.5,and 22.3,respectively.（2） The R,G,B,and L of the young were greater than those of the elderly,but the a and b of the young were less than those of the elderly.（3） A statistically significant difference in each SR was found between the young and the elderly（P0.05）.The total differences for the Lung（Fei）,Heart（Xin）,Liver（Gan）,Spleen（Pi）,and Kidney（Shen） were 50%（3/6）,66.7%（4/6）,66.7%（4/6）,83.3%（5/6）,and 91.7%（33/36）,respectively.However,the Kidney SR had the greatest statistical discrepancy.Conclusion：The old Chinese saying that human Kidney deficiency worsens with age was verified by the results.The objectifying system used to examine CICM was effective.Thus,this system may be used as a basis for further research.展开更多
文摘This paper reports observations of flocking behavior of birds in a well-protected secondary forest in Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. A total of 1025 flocks including 5255 birds and 48 species were observed between October 2002 and November 2003. Most flocks consisted of only one species. The observed flocks averaged 1.79 +/- 0.05 (SE) species and 5.13 +/- 0.18 (SE) birds. The Japanese White-eye was the most numerous species and was present in 21.6% of the observed flocks. Seasonal trends in both flock size and number of species were similar to those in overall bird density and species richness in the study area reported in a previous study.
基金Supported by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Innovation Team FundChinese Medical Association-L'Oreal Chinese Healthy Skin/Hair Research Project(S10)
文摘Objective：To study the differences in a special region（SR） corresponding to five internal organs between the young and the elderly and to verify the effectiveness of a developed system for objectifying research in colour inspections of Chinese medicine（CICM）.Methods：An image acquisition device imitating daylight to meet the requirement of CICM was designed.Image processing software based on CICM theory was developed.A total of 83 normal people were sampled and assigned to two groups.The first group（Group I）included 30 people with an average age of 24 ±2,and the second group（Group Ⅱ） included 53 people with an average age of 74 ±4.After image processing,the chromaticity of 10 SRs corresponding to five internal organs was calculated.R,G,and B represent the chromaticity of color red,green,and blue,L indicates color brightness,whereas a and b denote red and yellow respectively.The difference between the young and the elderly was analyzed.Results：（1） The chromaticity of each SR corresponding to five organs was obtained.The average R,G,B,L,a,and b of the sample were 194.4,147.6,119.3,65.2,15.5,and 22.3,respectively.（2） The R,G,B,and L of the young were greater than those of the elderly,but the a and b of the young were less than those of the elderly.（3） A statistically significant difference in each SR was found between the young and the elderly（P0.05）.The total differences for the Lung（Fei）,Heart（Xin）,Liver（Gan）,Spleen（Pi）,and Kidney（Shen） were 50%（3/6）,66.7%（4/6）,66.7%（4/6）,83.3%（5/6）,and 91.7%（33/36）,respectively.However,the Kidney SR had the greatest statistical discrepancy.Conclusion：The old Chinese saying that human Kidney deficiency worsens with age was verified by the results.The objectifying system used to examine CICM was effective.Thus,this system may be used as a basis for further research.
