Research on Cooperation Mechanism of China's Financial Regulation and Supervision System

Financial regulation and supervision is an important subject in finance research. After the U. S. subprime mortgage crisis,the weakness in this field becomes the research focus. Every country attaches importance to strengthen the financial supervision and management. But the financial regulatory system is a large system,and the process of model building and index selection is very complicated. A model for China's financial regulation and supervision system was proposed and a system evaluation method was improved. A more exact result was drawn by choosing 2003- 2009 index data.

New Regulations on the Supervision of Foreign-funded Banks in China

Foreign banks have achievedremarkable development in China since theintroduction in 1980, and so far there are 135institutions doing business in our country.With the increasing number of foreign-fundedfinancial institutions and the developmentof their businesses, China has made someadjustments to its policies and laws governingforeign banks in recent years, which aredemonstrated in the following aspects.Ⅰ Regions: In August, 1994, 11 cities wereapproved to set up business institutions offoreign banks. So far, the number of suchcities has increased to 24, as follows: Beijing,

Comparison of Old and New Regulations on Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics

Compare the current and previous requirements of the old and new“Regulation on Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics”,interpret the changes in the new regulations in detail,to help the enterprises understand the latest requirements of Regulation on Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics.

Rationale for Banking Regulation

Banking is one of the most heavily regulated sectors across the world. Generally,the public suggests that banks are vital to economic stability. In addition, the development and efficiency of the banking system are significant contributors to overall economic growth. In addition, the article will provide an analysis of the key underlying reasons for the range of regulations that face the banking sector. Last but not the least, the article will concentrate on the four main considerations of the traditional rationale for banking regulation and supervision.

A Brief Discussion of the New Trend of Cosmetics Regulations Based on the Imported Cosmetics Registration Data

This article is based on data analysis from 2012 to 2019 of imported non-special-use cosmetics registration quantity,special-use cosmetics registration quantity,children's cosmetics registration quantity,etc.And also based on the Regulation on Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics(Draft),and so on.This article will briefly discuss the influence of the new trend of Chinese cosmetics regulations on the development of the cosmetics industry.According to data analysis,the pre-market approval process for cosmetics is closely related to the annual increase in the new product registrations quantity.Since March 1st,2017,the reform of the imported non-special-use cosmetics registration was first initiated in Pudong New Area in Shanghai,the imported cosmetics registration quantity has increased significantly,so as the non-special-use children’s registration.Under the background of no obvious change in the pre-marketing approval process of imported special-use cosmetics,there is no significant increase in the quantity of annual registration.Among the nine categories of special-use cosmetics,sunscreen and whitening cosmetics accounted for the highest proportion,followed by hair dyeing.For the hair-growing,breast beauty,fitness categories of special-use cosmetics,the registration quantity each year was very low due to the low approval rate,long approval process and high testing costs,etc.According to the new trend of Chinese cosmetics regulations,the idea of cosmetics supervision and administration is changing from focusing on pre-market approval procedures to focusing on post-market surveillance.

Impact of Punitive Supervision on Corporate Financial Performance

Financial performance is an indicator to measure the strength of a company’s business operation capability,which is of great concern to enterprise managers,external investors,and government regulators.Based on the data of Chinese listed companies from 2012 to 2016,this paper included government administrative penalties regulation into the study of factors influencing corporate financial performance and conducted an empirical analysis.The research shows that punitive supervision has a significant negative impact on corporate financial performance;rectifying the effect on financial performance would increase the operating cost.Simultaneously,the degree of punitive supervision will also affect corporate financial performance,with the financial performance of listed companies subjected to severe punitive supervision being poorer.

China’s New Cosmetic Regulations and Their Impact on Cosmetic Registration Person and Notification Person

Regulations on the supervision and administration of cosmetics(hereinafter referred to as“CSAR”)will be formally implemented on January 1,2021,and there are more than 10 related regulations and normative documents draft has been issued,these new rules will be built to form a new cosmetics regulatory system,the CSAR for the first time put forward the"cosmetic notification person and registration person system",improve the barriers to entry for cosmetic notification person and registration person.This paper summarizes and analyzes the new regulations on cosmetics issued in 2020,and briefly discusses the new requirements and suggestions on setting up quality management system,quality safety responsible person,adverse reaction monitoring and evaluation system,cosmetic efficacy evaluation and other new requirements for cosmetics notification person and registration person after the implementation of the new regulations.

Cosmetic Safety and Risk Assessment Under the “New” Regulations

Regulations for the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics was promulgated by the State Council on June 29,2020 and will take effect on January 1,2021.Compared with the previous Regulations on Health Supervision of Cosmetics,there are more items proposed for the safety of cosmetics.In this paper,the main changes of the safety supervision of cosmetics by comparing the“new”and“old”regulations were summarized with the potential influences on different groups(government,cosmetic enterprises and consumers)discussed.The important laws and regulations on cosmetic safety and risk assessment in China with recently added in vitro testing methods were summarized and the principal theory of cosmetic quantitative risk assessment was introduced.

论碳排放权交易合规中行政监管的制度优化

在双碳目标下引导碳交易企业积极主动地开展自我合规,是健全碳排放权交易市场的重要路径,亦是国家行政监管模式发展成功的关键。规制理论为我国碳排放权交易合规中的行政监管提供了规范性启示和有益性借鉴。我国碳排放权交易合规管理的行政监管不断优化的过程,是回应型规制、智慧型规制和后设规制从理论逻辑转化为实践逻辑的过程。目前,我国碳排放权交易合规管理的行政监管存在立法规范相对滞后,风险管理明显不足以及配套机制付之阙如等问题,可从三个方面来推动我国碳排放权交易合规中行政监管的优化:完善协同性“碳合规”法律体系,提升碳排放权交易相关法律位阶,发布碳排放权交易合规管理指引;加强多元性“碳合规”风险管理,事前采取源头预防,事中贯穿风险沟通,事后加大处罚力度;结合我国“碳合规”管理的现状,建立行政执法和解、处罚裁量规则激励和社会声誉型激励等激励性“碳合规”监管机制,力图为实现双碳目标贡献思路与方案。

村党组织书记“一肩挑”的实践逻辑与规范协同

党的领导是推进农村社会治理现代化,实现乡村振兴的根本保障与动力引擎。党的二十大明确提出:“把基层党组织建设成为有效实现党的领导的坚强战斗堡垒。”村党组织与村民委员会同为农村核心治理主体,二者关系处理是影响农村经济社会发展的关键变量。村党组织书记“一肩挑”的实施依据是《2019年中央一号文件》和《中国共产党农村基层组织工作条例》。村党组织书记“一肩挑”契合了当前农村治理衍生关系复杂性对于治理主体利益协调能力、责任服务意识与良好道德品行的客观需求,体现了党对于农村实现共同富裕与高质量发展目标的组织安排。厘清村党组织书记“一肩挑”制度的实践逻辑、内在结构与规范协同,有助于从整体架构层面廓清和完善农村社会治理体系,为其治理能力提升提供制度势能。基于功能主义视角审视,村党组织书记“一肩挑”蕴含了践行全过程人民民主理念、推进“三治融合”治理模式、实现利益协调治理效果的多重实践逻辑。结合制度文本分析,党内法规与国家法律针对村党组织书记“一肩挑”的文本表达既有耦合性与交叉性特征,也有“具体—概括”“顺序承接”“并列关联”“严格—兜底”等规范形态。但实践中,党内法规与国家法律的衔接协调不畅可能造成村党组织书记“一肩挑”主体的担当能力不足、民意基础薄弱、权力行使失范等问题。秉持立法与立规统筹、中央与地方互动、激励与监督并重原则,着力从领导规定、选举程序、民主决策以及权力监督等层面促进党内法规与国家法律的规范协同,有助于实现村党组织书记“一肩挑”的预设功能。具体而言包括:在领导规范层面,完善上级党组织领导村党组织、村党组织领导农村其他组织的规范;在选举规范层面,应将民意征集设置为村党组织书记选举必要程序,阐明村党支部书记未当选村民委员会主任的补救措施;在决策规范层面,明确应经村党组织讨论和决定的内容并优化农村民主协商的决策程序规范;在监督规范层面,应出台针对村(社)巡察专门规范并完善村务监督补充性规范。

信用修复机制及在市场监管领域的实践研究

随着社会信用体系建设的深入推进,信用修复制度在理论研究和实践应用中逐渐成为关注焦点,发挥着维护信用主体合法权益、鼓励重塑信用、激发市场活力的积极作用。通过系统梳理信用修复的概念和信用修复的制度探索,厘清了当前社会信用体系建设中的信用修复规范,并从信用修复的方式、主体、客体和程序方面对信用修复机理进行了阐述;以市场监管领域信用修复实践作为切入点,对当前信用修复的实施现状和存在问题进行系统分析,并给出了加强信用修复机制建设的措施建议。

高校食堂食品安全管理存在的问题及对策研究

近年来,高校食堂食品安全事件频发,引起了社会的广泛关注。当前,国家不断出台校园食品卫生安全规范,深入开展校园食品安全排查整治行动,已取得显著成效,但现阶段我国尚未形成完备的校园食品安全管理体系,高校食堂依然是食品安全事故高发的重点领域。鉴于此,本文研究了高校食堂食品安全管理存在的问题及对策,为我国高校食堂食品安全共治共建共享新格局的建立提供参考。

监察法规的法律属性、位阶与规制——基于《立法法》第118条的学理阐释

2023年新修订的《立法法》在“附则”中对国家监察委员会监察法规的制定和备案作出了规定,但监察法规的法律属性、效力位阶及备案审查程序等问题则未具体展开。在中国宪制框架下,监察法规是中国特色社会主义法律体系的重要组成部分,也是监察法律法规体系中的重要内容。通过国家法规体系内部比较发现,监察法规是中国立法体制中的一种新型法规形式,其位阶应与行政法规、军事法规相当。加强对监察法规的法律规制,是深化国家监察体制改革和全面推进依法治国的重要之举,其具体规制路径是以监察法规的制定、实施、监督为着力点,修正《监察法》《立法法》相关条款,制定《监察立法工作条例》,健全新时代中国特色监察法律法规体系。

我国智能投顾行政规制路径转变之思考

智能投顾是一项深具金融科技代表性的金融服务,随着依托银行业金融机构的相关业务暂停服务,服务平台全部被叫停。从行政监管角度分析,“机构”监管模式不适应智能投顾发展,“命令-控制”监管形式下法律监管制度滞后,“确定性”规则的适用限缩智能投顾功能。国家机构改革完成了智能投顾行政规制路径转变的第一步,通过从“机构”监管到“功能”监管等综合性监管方向的转变,“命令-控制”型到“实验”型规制形式的转变,“确定性”规则到“包容性”原则规范理念的转变,进一步为完善智能投顾行政规制路径转变提供新思路。

面向海域海岛监管全生命期的问题清单编码体系建设

海域海岛问题清单编码作为海域海岛监管档案唯一标识码,伴随着监管工作“发现、核查、处置”全生命周期。对监管发现的问题进行标准化编码并跟踪记录监管工作全过程,可帮助监管人员快速发现分辨问题、启动响应并开展后续处置,是监管全流程化管理的一种体现。本文结合海域海岛监管体制机制,梳理了监管业务流,划分了监管环节,从监管精细化角度提出了一种面向全生命周期监管的海域海岛问题清单编码体系,以编码贯通发现、核查和处置三大环节全流程应用场景,实现全业务“一码”关联、全过程“一码”管理。通过实践验证了该方法的有效性,该体系较原编码规则对监管各环节及结果反映更为直观、全面,可更好地应用于监管实践。

社会主义核心价值观融入行业规章的执行问题探析

基于行业规章的规范属性限制、行业成员价值目标的多元离散以及执行督导机制的先天不足,行业规章长期面临执行难的现实困境。社会主义核心价值观融入行业规章执行环节,为缓解执行困境提供了良好思路。二者在价值目标和发展路径上的契合和适配,也为其有机融合提供了可行性。社会主义核心价值观以提升行业成员的道德自律性为突破口,引领行业价值共识并坚定行业发展目标,形塑以声誉反馈和多元协同为支柱的执行监督机制,实现价值引导与制度约束的耦合,从而提升行业规章的执行效力。

常态化监管与算法分类分级治理模式更新

作为人工智能的核心要素,算法成为了加速新质生产力生成不可或缺的关键技术。在对算法实施分类分级治理的过程中,我国对数字经济监管也走向常态化监管。分类分级理念及原则所涵摄的安全、创新发展及可信可控的价值要求与算法治理的基本目标具有高度一致性,与常态化监管的实践特征具有高度契合性。然而,当前常态化监管思路与算法分类分级治理尚未充分融合。究其原因,主要在于算法治理面临技术迭代与监管模式调整的双重变化,存在治理规则适应技术变化乏力、多元主体治理协同力量不足、治理手段与工具难以适配现实需求等挑战,还难以实现常态化监管与算法分类分级治理的有效融合。为此,文章建议在现行算法安全综合治理格局下,根据常态化监管的理念、原则及架构,对新技术、新业态、新模式发展下算法治理作出调整,转变当前算法治理的基本价值目标、完善治理具体规则、明确治理主体与治理对象及其相应义务与责任、创新治理工具,通过刚性约束与柔性治理相结合、多主体共商共建共治共筑相平衡、丰富治理手段与创新治理工具相同步等举措,不断健全常态化监管下算法分类分级治理模式,提升算法分类分级治理实效,实现算法安全发展、创新发展、规范发展的目标。

监察法规的基本属性研究

监察法规具有跨法和政治的鲜明特点,是连接国家法律和党内法规的桥梁纽带,是将反腐败纳入法治轨道的重要制度保障。一方面,监察法规属于法律法规的一种,与刑法、刑事诉讼法等法律法规相衔接,符合一般法律的制定要求,具有一般法律的属性;另一方面,它也与党内法规相衔接,与党内法规的基本理念、原则要求保持一致,本质上是党内法规的法律形式表达,具有相较一般法律法规更为突出的政治属性。监察法规的制定应充分考虑其特殊性,建立在对其政治和法律双重属性的深刻理解和把握之上。

日本功能农业政策、产业布局及对中国的启示

功能农业是通过生物营养强化技术或其他生物工程手段,生产出具有健康改善功能的农产品的农业模式,旨在生产富含特定功能性营养物质的农产品,以满足人们对健康和营养的需求。随着人们对营养和健康的重视程度日渐提升,以功能农业为代表的产业发展模式也在全球迅速扩展。日本的功能农业发展依靠消费者市场和农产品行业的竞争,已在政策规划、法律法规、标准体系、认证监管以及产业发展等多方面实施了一系列行动和措施。日本以国立农业科研机构牵头加速功能农业的高质量发展,设立食品安全检定机构保障功能农业的质量与安全。日本政府围绕健康膳食、农产品与食品营养、功能食品安全、食品营养添加剂等方面制定修订一系列法律法规,构建了完善的标准体系、认证监督体系。另外,日本功能农业在产业发展方面的布局,更多地是以发展农业多元化产业链为主要目的进行的,不仅增加了农民的收入,还促进了农村经济的多样化发展,提升了农业的整体价值,帮助农村地区实现经济结构转型与升级,从而开辟了更广阔的发展空间与新的增长点。日本在功能农业发展、科技应用、政策支持、环境保护等方面积累的丰富经验,对于中国农业的转型升级具有重要的借鉴意义。

基于改进DBSCAN的船舶会遇识别模型

为解决大数据下船舶会遇识别算法效率不高且存在误判等问题,提出一种融合国际海上避碰规则(International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea,COLREGs)的带噪声的基于密度的空间聚类(density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)算法,建立船舶会遇识别模型。在DBSCAN算法对邻域内的船舶数量进行统计时,计算船舶间的最近会遇距离(distance to closest point of approach,DCPA)和最近会遇时间(time to closest point of approach,TCPA),初步筛选邻域内的噪声点;基于模糊综合评价模型计算船舶会遇风险,对邻域内的船舶进行二次筛选,实现船舶会遇态势的提取。结果表明:改进后的DBSCAN算法过滤掉传统DBSCAN算法识别到的非会遇局面,并且在同一会遇局面下的船舶数量均保持在4艘以内;输出的会遇船舶风险演变趋势对实际水域内高风险船舶的监控适用性较好,能有效辅助船舶避碰。所提识别模型对保障航行安全和提高海事监管效率具有重要意义。