Objective: To investigate how medical students process Western medicine(WM) terms vs. traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) terms and how this is impacted by analogical priming from the perspective of cognitive neuroscien...Objective: To investigate how medical students process Western medicine(WM) terms vs. traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) terms and how this is impacted by analogical priming from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience.Methods: The experiments were designed as a 2(TCM terms vs. WM terms) × 2(correct terms vs.incorrect terms) × 2(analogical priming task vs. non-priming task) scheme. A total of 26 medical students completed a non-priming judgment task and an analogical priming judgment task on medical terms. During the tasks, the participants were asked to make correct/incorrect judgments on WM terms and TCM terms, and their behavioral data and event-related potentials(ERPs) were recorded.Results: Behaviorally, the response speed and accuracy of WM terms were higher than those of TCM terms(both P <.001), indicating a prominent concreteness effect. Analogical priming shortened the response time to medical terms(P <.001), and the response time to TCM terms was shortened more significantly(P =.001). For ERPs, WM terms induced a larger P200(an early positive ERP component), a smaller N400(a negative ERP component), and a higher late positive ERP component, indicating superiority of attention adjustment, smaller-scale semantic activation, and a higher cost of late semantic analysis and integration. However, the analogical priming eliminated the difference between WM and TCM terms in P200 and N400 while maintaining it in the LPC. This suggests that WM terms are sensitive to analogical attention adjustment, and TCM terms are susceptible to analogical semantic integration.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that WM and TCM disease behavior terms may initially differ in concreteness or the use of a verbal-linguistic system. Analogy is more conducive to understanding TCM terms. This research provides important neuroscientific evidence of the difference in thinking between TCM and WM.展开更多
Acupuncture can be used to treat various nervous system diseases.Here,168 vascular dementia patients were orally administered donepezil hydrochloride alone(5 mg/day,once a day for 56 days),or combined with acupunctu...Acupuncture can be used to treat various nervous system diseases.Here,168 vascular dementia patients were orally administered donepezil hydrochloride alone(5 mg/day,once a day for 56 days),or combined with acupuncture at Shenting(DU24),Tianzhu(BL10),Sishencong(Extra),Yintang(Extra),Renzhong(DU26),Neiguan(PC6),Shenmen(HT7),Fengchi(GB20),Wangu(GB12) and Baihui(DU20)(once a day for 56 days).Compared with donepezil hydrochloride alone,P300 event related potential latency was shorter with an increased amplitude in patients treated with donepezil hydrochloride and acupuncture.Mini-Mental State Examination score was also higher.Moreover,these differences in P300 latency were identified within different infarcted regions in patients treated with donepezil hydrochloride and acupuncture.These findings indicate that acupuncture combined with donepezil hydrochloride noticeably improves cognitive function in patients with vascular dementia,and exerts neuroprotective effects against vascular dementia.展开更多
Temporal relation computation is one of the tasks of the extraction of temporal arguments from event, and it is also the ultimate goal of temporal information processing. However, temporal relation computation based o...Temporal relation computation is one of the tasks of the extraction of temporal arguments from event, and it is also the ultimate goal of temporal information processing. However, temporal relation computation based on machine learning requires a lot of hand-marked work, and exploring more features from discourse. A method of two-stage machine learning based on temporal relation computation (TSMLTRC) is proposed in this paper for the shortcomings of current temporal relation computation between two events. The first stage is to get the main temporal attributes of event based on classification learning. The second stage is to compute the event temporal relation in the discourse through employing the result of the first stage as the basic features, and also employing some new linguistic characteristics. Experiments show that, compared with the artificial golden rule, the computational efficiency in the first stage is much higher, and the F1-Score of event temporal relation which is computed through combining multi-features may be increased at 85.8% in the second stage.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of pamidronate disodium in patients with bone lesions secondary to advanced breast carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 62 patie...Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of pamidronate disodium in patients with bone lesions secondary to advanced breast carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 62 patients receiving intravenous pamidronate disodium for metastatic breast cancer. The proportion of patients experiencing at least one skeletal related event (SRE) after 12 months of therapy was determined. Results: The proportion of patients who had an SRE was 29.00% (18 individuals) and the median time to first event was greater than 350 days. Radiotherapy(ll individuals)and pathologic fracture(6 individuals)were the most frequent type of SRE, while cord compression(1 individuals) and hypercalcaemia(0 individuals) were rare. A total of 37 individuals had transient hypocalcaemia without any clinical symptom. No significant creatinine abnormalities were encountered. There were no clinically relevant changes of calcium ,phosphate and creatinine before and after therapy. Conclusion: Long-term treatment with pamidronate disodium significantly reduces and delays skeletal morbidity from osteolytic metastases . Prolonged therapy was well tolerated. This study suggests that the rate of clinically relevant SREs is substantially lower than the event rate observed in phase llI clinical trials.展开更多
<strong>Background</strong><strong>:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Type B aortic</span><b&...<strong>Background</strong><strong>:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Type B aortic</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">intramural hematoma (IMH-B) is recognized as a subset of aortic dissection. The evolution of uncomplicated IMH-B is very difficult to predict. How and when to deal with this disease is unclear. The present study constructed two models to explore this problem. One is the</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">morphology evolution model, which explored the risk factors and predictors for the IMH-B patients. Another is the predictive model confirmed the predictors and the time for invasive treatment of uncomplicated IMH-B patients.</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To explore the evolution predictors and detect the time for invasive treatment of uncomplicated IMH-B patients.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The</span><b></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">morphology evolution model demonstrated that all 81 patients were diagnosis with CTA images. The initial and follow-up data were retrospectively studied. The evolution data were collection and measurement from initial and follow-up CTA images data. The predictive model showed that predictors of progression were detected with cox regression analysis.</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">All 81IMH-B patients were followed-up ranged from 1.2 to 36 months (median, 22 months). 26 patients accepted invasive treatment (24 underwent TEVAR and 2 underwent Surgery)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">55 patients received medical treatment. Invasive treatment (IT) group overall events </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">26 (3.8%)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> medical treatment</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(MT) group overall events </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">33</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">55 (60.0%)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> IT group</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">vs.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">MT group</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> p < 0.001</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Moreover,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">we found that most events related aorta occurred within 30 days. Multivariate Cox regression analysis MDAD (hazard ratio, 3.58;95% CI, 1.25</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5.78;p < 0.001), MDAHT (hazard ratio, 4.26;95% CI, 0.85</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">7.84;p < 0.001), and IMH with PAU (hazard ratio, 3.58;95% CI, 1.02</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5.63;p < 0.001) were confirmed as the independent predictors. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">MDAD > 45 mm, MDAHT > 10</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mm, and IMH with PAU may be the important predictors for uncomplicated IMH-B patients. Most adverse aorta related events occurred within 30 days. It would be careful follow-up, closely observe for these patients within 30 days, and take necessary treatment strategies in time.</span>展开更多
Background Subjective olfactory tests are easy to perform and popularly applied in the clinic, but using only these, it is difficult to diagnose all disorders of the olfactory system. The olfactory event related poten...Background Subjective olfactory tests are easy to perform and popularly applied in the clinic, but using only these, it is difficult to diagnose all disorders of the olfactory system. The olfactory event related potentials technique offers further insight into the olfactory system and is an ideal objective test. This analysis was of subjective and objective data on the olfactory function of twelve patients with loss of smell associated with an upper respiratory infection (URI). Methods We tested the twelve patients with URI induced olfactory loss by medical history, physical examination of the head and neck, olfactory tests and medical imaging. Olfactory function was assessed by Toyota and Takagi olfactometry including olfactory detection and recognition thresholds and olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) recorded with OEP-98C Olfactometer. Results An unusual phenomenon was observed in five patients in whom the subjective detection and recognition thresholds were normal, while the expected OERPs were not detectable. Conclusions We suggest that the discordance between olfactory psychophysical measurements and OERPs might be the results of abnormal electrophysiology related with olfactory neuropathy caused by viral URI. In addition, the measurement of OERPs might play a significant role in evaluating olfactory dysfunction.展开更多
To better understand repeatability of strong earthquakes in previously ruptured zones during one seismogenic period, we studied the rupture zones of the doublet of M6 earthquakes in Zhongba region of southcentral Tibe...To better understand repeatability of strong earthquakes in previously ruptured zones during one seismogenic period, we studied the rupture zones of the doublet of M6 earthquakes in Zhongba region of southcentral Tibet, China, in 11 July 2004 and 7 April 2005, respectively. We focused on the overlapping degree of two strong quakes’ aftershock areas one week after the mainshocks by using the SQH station in China Seismic Network and a 68-stations temporary broadband seismic array, a part of the international HI-CLIMB project. About 115 local earthquakes were recorded in one week after the mainquakes, and we located these earthquakes by master event relative location (MERL) method. We also used this method to relocate 31 other M3.7 + earthquakes from 1 July 2004 to 1 July 2005. Meanwhile, we studied two mainshocks’ coseismic ruptures with satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). Our results show that the ruptured zones of the two earthquakes do not overlapp substantially, either from early aftershock data or from InSAR inversions.展开更多
Objective: It is well known that patients with Cochlear Implant (CI) have a large inter-individual variability in linguistic and auditory performances. This can be related to individual auditory processing abilities a...Objective: It is well known that patients with Cochlear Implant (CI) have a large inter-individual variability in linguistic and auditory performances. This can be related to individual auditory processing abilities and integrity of auditory system from auditory nerve to cerebral cortex. P300 can be used for the evaluation of central auditory functions in people with hearing loss and CI. No studies considered the P300 in the population of prelingually deafened adults that underwent CI in old age. The aim of this study is to assess Event Related Potential (ERP) in patients with congenital profound hearing loss with early or late implantation and evaluate these results respect to an age-matched normal hearing group. Methods: ERPs (N100, N200 and P300) and auditory benefit testing (pure tone average and speech audiometric test) and auditory perception testing (Categories of Auditory Performance—CAP) were evaluated in all subjects with their device. Results: All mean latencies (N100, N200 and P300) were found greater in patients group compared to control group. When analyzing all measures in patient group, we did not find any significant differences according to age of implant while significant difference (p > 0.05) in N100 amplitude (p = 0.045) and P300 latency (p = 0.035) were found according to time of CI use. A linear correlation between N200 and P300 latency in control and patients groups was found. Conclusion: In summary, ERPs analysis in the evaluation of CI showed a great importance of long use of the device in addiction to an early time of implant.展开更多
On May 21,1951, China and Pakistan established diplomatic relations. In April 1955, Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai held talks with Pakistani Prime Minister M. Ali during the Bandung Conference in Indonesia, and both sides...On May 21,1951, China and Pakistan established diplomatic relations. In April 1955, Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai held talks with Pakistani Prime Minister M. Ali during the Bandung Conference in Indonesia, and both sides agreed that bilateral ties should be strengthened. In October 1956, at the invitation of the Chinese Government, Pakistani Prime Minister H.E.Sulawadi paid an official visit to China.展开更多
To realize the reuse of process design knowledge and improve the efficiency and quality of process design, a method for extracting thinking process rules for process design is proposed. An instance representation mode...To realize the reuse of process design knowledge and improve the efficiency and quality of process design, a method for extracting thinking process rules for process design is proposed. An instance representation model of the process planning reflecting the thinking process of techni- cians is established to achieve an effective representation of the process documents. The related process attributes are extracted from the model to form the related events. The manifold learning algorithm and clustering analysis are used to preprocess the process instance data. A rule extraction mechanism of process design is introduced, which is based on the related events after dimension reduction and clustering, and uses the association rule mining algorithm to realize the similar process information extraction in the same cluster. Through the vectorization description of the related events, the final process design rules are formed. Finally, an example is given to evaluate the method of process design rules extraction.展开更多
Background:The N400 component of event-related potentials (ERP) has recently drawn widespread attention at home and abroad.This study was to explore the relationship between N400 changes and risperidone treatment a...Background:The N400 component of event-related potentials (ERP) has recently drawn widespread attention at home and abroad.This study was to explore the relationship between N400 changes and risperidone treatment and rehabilitation in first-episode schizophrenia (FES).Methods:ERP component N400 was recorded by Guangzhou Runjie W J-l ERP instruments,in 58 FES before and 6 months,15 months after risperidone treatment,and in 62 normal controls.The patients' syndromes were assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).And the stimuli are Chinese sentences with matching (congruent) or mismatching (incongruent) ending words.Results:N400 latencies were prolonged,and amplitudes were decreased in Cz,Pz,Fz,C3,C4,in FES compared with in NC,before treatment.The prolonged N400 latencies and decreased amplitudes were negatively correlated with the patients' positive scale and total scale of PANSS.There are significant differences of N400 amplitudes and latencies in 6 months and 15 months follow-up after treatment.Before treatment,6 months and 15 months after treatment,N400 latencies are 446 ± 35 ms,440 ± 37 ms,414 ± 31 ms (F =9.72,P 〈 0.01) in incongruent situation;N400 amplitudes are 5.2 ± 4.6 μtⅤ,5.7 ± 4.8 μⅤ,7.3 ± 5.0 μⅤ (F =2.06,P 〉 0.05) in congruent situation,and 8.5 ± 5.9 μⅤ,10.1 ± 5.0 μⅤ,11.9 ± 7.0 μⅤ (F =3.697,P 〈 0.05) in incongruent situation.Conclusions:N400 could be used to predict the effects of treatment of schizophrenia to some degree.The linguistic and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia can be improved by antipsychotic drugs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81874514)
文摘Objective: To investigate how medical students process Western medicine(WM) terms vs. traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) terms and how this is impacted by analogical priming from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience.Methods: The experiments were designed as a 2(TCM terms vs. WM terms) × 2(correct terms vs.incorrect terms) × 2(analogical priming task vs. non-priming task) scheme. A total of 26 medical students completed a non-priming judgment task and an analogical priming judgment task on medical terms. During the tasks, the participants were asked to make correct/incorrect judgments on WM terms and TCM terms, and their behavioral data and event-related potentials(ERPs) were recorded.Results: Behaviorally, the response speed and accuracy of WM terms were higher than those of TCM terms(both P <.001), indicating a prominent concreteness effect. Analogical priming shortened the response time to medical terms(P <.001), and the response time to TCM terms was shortened more significantly(P =.001). For ERPs, WM terms induced a larger P200(an early positive ERP component), a smaller N400(a negative ERP component), and a higher late positive ERP component, indicating superiority of attention adjustment, smaller-scale semantic activation, and a higher cost of late semantic analysis and integration. However, the analogical priming eliminated the difference between WM and TCM terms in P200 and N400 while maintaining it in the LPC. This suggests that WM terms are sensitive to analogical attention adjustment, and TCM terms are susceptible to analogical semantic integration.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that WM and TCM disease behavior terms may initially differ in concreteness or the use of a verbal-linguistic system. Analogy is more conducive to understanding TCM terms. This research provides important neuroscientific evidence of the difference in thinking between TCM and WM.
文摘Acupuncture can be used to treat various nervous system diseases.Here,168 vascular dementia patients were orally administered donepezil hydrochloride alone(5 mg/day,once a day for 56 days),or combined with acupuncture at Shenting(DU24),Tianzhu(BL10),Sishencong(Extra),Yintang(Extra),Renzhong(DU26),Neiguan(PC6),Shenmen(HT7),Fengchi(GB20),Wangu(GB12) and Baihui(DU20)(once a day for 56 days).Compared with donepezil hydrochloride alone,P300 event related potential latency was shorter with an increased amplitude in patients treated with donepezil hydrochloride and acupuncture.Mini-Mental State Examination score was also higher.Moreover,these differences in P300 latency were identified within different infarcted regions in patients treated with donepezil hydrochloride and acupuncture.These findings indicate that acupuncture combined with donepezil hydrochloride noticeably improves cognitive function in patients with vascular dementia,and exerts neuroprotective effects against vascular dementia.
基金Project supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60975033)the Basic Scientific Research Project of International Centre for Bamboo Rattan(Grant No.1632009006)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(Grant No.J50103)
文摘Temporal relation computation is one of the tasks of the extraction of temporal arguments from event, and it is also the ultimate goal of temporal information processing. However, temporal relation computation based on machine learning requires a lot of hand-marked work, and exploring more features from discourse. A method of two-stage machine learning based on temporal relation computation (TSMLTRC) is proposed in this paper for the shortcomings of current temporal relation computation between two events. The first stage is to get the main temporal attributes of event based on classification learning. The second stage is to compute the event temporal relation in the discourse through employing the result of the first stage as the basic features, and also employing some new linguistic characteristics. Experiments show that, compared with the artificial golden rule, the computational efficiency in the first stage is much higher, and the F1-Score of event temporal relation which is computed through combining multi-features may be increased at 85.8% in the second stage.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of pamidronate disodium in patients with bone lesions secondary to advanced breast carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 62 patients receiving intravenous pamidronate disodium for metastatic breast cancer. The proportion of patients experiencing at least one skeletal related event (SRE) after 12 months of therapy was determined. Results: The proportion of patients who had an SRE was 29.00% (18 individuals) and the median time to first event was greater than 350 days. Radiotherapy(ll individuals)and pathologic fracture(6 individuals)were the most frequent type of SRE, while cord compression(1 individuals) and hypercalcaemia(0 individuals) were rare. A total of 37 individuals had transient hypocalcaemia without any clinical symptom. No significant creatinine abnormalities were encountered. There were no clinically relevant changes of calcium ,phosphate and creatinine before and after therapy. Conclusion: Long-term treatment with pamidronate disodium significantly reduces and delays skeletal morbidity from osteolytic metastases . Prolonged therapy was well tolerated. This study suggests that the rate of clinically relevant SREs is substantially lower than the event rate observed in phase llI clinical trials.
文摘<strong>Background</strong><strong>:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Type B aortic</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">intramural hematoma (IMH-B) is recognized as a subset of aortic dissection. The evolution of uncomplicated IMH-B is very difficult to predict. How and when to deal with this disease is unclear. The present study constructed two models to explore this problem. One is the</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">morphology evolution model, which explored the risk factors and predictors for the IMH-B patients. Another is the predictive model confirmed the predictors and the time for invasive treatment of uncomplicated IMH-B patients.</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To explore the evolution predictors and detect the time for invasive treatment of uncomplicated IMH-B patients.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The</span><b></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">morphology evolution model demonstrated that all 81 patients were diagnosis with CTA images. The initial and follow-up data were retrospectively studied. The evolution data were collection and measurement from initial and follow-up CTA images data. The predictive model showed that predictors of progression were detected with cox regression analysis.</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">All 81IMH-B patients were followed-up ranged from 1.2 to 36 months (median, 22 months). 26 patients accepted invasive treatment (24 underwent TEVAR and 2 underwent Surgery)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">55 patients received medical treatment. Invasive treatment (IT) group overall events </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">26 (3.8%)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> medical treatment</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(MT) group overall events </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">33</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">55 (60.0%)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> IT group</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">vs.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">MT group</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> p < 0.001</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Moreover,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">we found that most events related aorta occurred within 30 days. Multivariate Cox regression analysis MDAD (hazard ratio, 3.58;95% CI, 1.25</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5.78;p < 0.001), MDAHT (hazard ratio, 4.26;95% CI, 0.85</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">7.84;p < 0.001), and IMH with PAU (hazard ratio, 3.58;95% CI, 1.02</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5.63;p < 0.001) were confirmed as the independent predictors. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">MDAD > 45 mm, MDAHT > 10</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mm, and IMH with PAU may be the important predictors for uncomplicated IMH-B patients. Most adverse aorta related events occurred within 30 days. It would be careful follow-up, closely observe for these patients within 30 days, and take necessary treatment strategies in time.</span>
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 30801281 ).Acknowledgement: The authors thank Prof. ZHANG Zhi-nan and Prof. PAN Hua-zhen for their helpful suggestion and modification of the manuscript.
文摘Background Subjective olfactory tests are easy to perform and popularly applied in the clinic, but using only these, it is difficult to diagnose all disorders of the olfactory system. The olfactory event related potentials technique offers further insight into the olfactory system and is an ideal objective test. This analysis was of subjective and objective data on the olfactory function of twelve patients with loss of smell associated with an upper respiratory infection (URI). Methods We tested the twelve patients with URI induced olfactory loss by medical history, physical examination of the head and neck, olfactory tests and medical imaging. Olfactory function was assessed by Toyota and Takagi olfactometry including olfactory detection and recognition thresholds and olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) recorded with OEP-98C Olfactometer. Results An unusual phenomenon was observed in five patients in whom the subjective detection and recognition thresholds were normal, while the expected OERPs were not detectable. Conclusions We suggest that the discordance between olfactory psychophysical measurements and OERPs might be the results of abnormal electrophysiology related with olfactory neuropathy caused by viral URI. In addition, the measurement of OERPs might play a significant role in evaluating olfactory dysfunction.
基金supported jointly by Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (Nos.200808078 and 200708035)
文摘To better understand repeatability of strong earthquakes in previously ruptured zones during one seismogenic period, we studied the rupture zones of the doublet of M6 earthquakes in Zhongba region of southcentral Tibet, China, in 11 July 2004 and 7 April 2005, respectively. We focused on the overlapping degree of two strong quakes’ aftershock areas one week after the mainshocks by using the SQH station in China Seismic Network and a 68-stations temporary broadband seismic array, a part of the international HI-CLIMB project. About 115 local earthquakes were recorded in one week after the mainquakes, and we located these earthquakes by master event relative location (MERL) method. We also used this method to relocate 31 other M3.7 + earthquakes from 1 July 2004 to 1 July 2005. Meanwhile, we studied two mainshocks’ coseismic ruptures with satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). Our results show that the ruptured zones of the two earthquakes do not overlapp substantially, either from early aftershock data or from InSAR inversions.
文摘Objective: It is well known that patients with Cochlear Implant (CI) have a large inter-individual variability in linguistic and auditory performances. This can be related to individual auditory processing abilities and integrity of auditory system from auditory nerve to cerebral cortex. P300 can be used for the evaluation of central auditory functions in people with hearing loss and CI. No studies considered the P300 in the population of prelingually deafened adults that underwent CI in old age. The aim of this study is to assess Event Related Potential (ERP) in patients with congenital profound hearing loss with early or late implantation and evaluate these results respect to an age-matched normal hearing group. Methods: ERPs (N100, N200 and P300) and auditory benefit testing (pure tone average and speech audiometric test) and auditory perception testing (Categories of Auditory Performance—CAP) were evaluated in all subjects with their device. Results: All mean latencies (N100, N200 and P300) were found greater in patients group compared to control group. When analyzing all measures in patient group, we did not find any significant differences according to age of implant while significant difference (p > 0.05) in N100 amplitude (p = 0.045) and P300 latency (p = 0.035) were found according to time of CI use. A linear correlation between N200 and P300 latency in control and patients groups was found. Conclusion: In summary, ERPs analysis in the evaluation of CI showed a great importance of long use of the device in addiction to an early time of implant.
文摘On May 21,1951, China and Pakistan established diplomatic relations. In April 1955, Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai held talks with Pakistani Prime Minister M. Ali during the Bandung Conference in Indonesia, and both sides agreed that bilateral ties should be strengthened. In October 1956, at the invitation of the Chinese Government, Pakistani Prime Minister H.E.Sulawadi paid an official visit to China.
文摘To realize the reuse of process design knowledge and improve the efficiency and quality of process design, a method for extracting thinking process rules for process design is proposed. An instance representation model of the process planning reflecting the thinking process of techni- cians is established to achieve an effective representation of the process documents. The related process attributes are extracted from the model to form the related events. The manifold learning algorithm and clustering analysis are used to preprocess the process instance data. A rule extraction mechanism of process design is introduced, which is based on the related events after dimension reduction and clustering, and uses the association rule mining algorithm to realize the similar process information extraction in the same cluster. Through the vectorization description of the related events, the final process design rules are formed. Finally, an example is given to evaluate the method of process design rules extraction.
文摘Background:The N400 component of event-related potentials (ERP) has recently drawn widespread attention at home and abroad.This study was to explore the relationship between N400 changes and risperidone treatment and rehabilitation in first-episode schizophrenia (FES).Methods:ERP component N400 was recorded by Guangzhou Runjie W J-l ERP instruments,in 58 FES before and 6 months,15 months after risperidone treatment,and in 62 normal controls.The patients' syndromes were assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).And the stimuli are Chinese sentences with matching (congruent) or mismatching (incongruent) ending words.Results:N400 latencies were prolonged,and amplitudes were decreased in Cz,Pz,Fz,C3,C4,in FES compared with in NC,before treatment.The prolonged N400 latencies and decreased amplitudes were negatively correlated with the patients' positive scale and total scale of PANSS.There are significant differences of N400 amplitudes and latencies in 6 months and 15 months follow-up after treatment.Before treatment,6 months and 15 months after treatment,N400 latencies are 446 ± 35 ms,440 ± 37 ms,414 ± 31 ms (F =9.72,P 〈 0.01) in incongruent situation;N400 amplitudes are 5.2 ± 4.6 μtⅤ,5.7 ± 4.8 μⅤ,7.3 ± 5.0 μⅤ (F =2.06,P 〉 0.05) in congruent situation,and 8.5 ± 5.9 μⅤ,10.1 ± 5.0 μⅤ,11.9 ± 7.0 μⅤ (F =3.697,P 〈 0.05) in incongruent situation.Conclusions:N400 could be used to predict the effects of treatment of schizophrenia to some degree.The linguistic and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia can be improved by antipsychotic drugs.