Spatio-temporal Pattern Characteristics of Relationship Between Urbanization and Economic Development at County Level in China

The relationship between China’s urbanization and economic development(RCUED) is an important concern nationwide. As important actors in regional strategy and policy, county-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China’s social economy. However, the existing research on the RCUED lacks the fine depiction of the county-level administrative units.Using 2000 and 2010 census data and the statistical analysis method, we uncovered the evolution characteristics of China’s urbanization and economic development and conducted a quantitative identification for the RCUED with improved methods using the quadrant map approach. In addition, we investigated the spatial correlation effect of the RCUED using the spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The results were as follows: 1) In general, a high degree of matching exists between China’s urbanization and economic development at the county level at the significance level of 0.01. The correlation coefficients between China’s urbanization and economic development in2000 and 2010 were 0.608 and 0.603, respectively. 2) A significant regional difference exists in the RCUED at the county level. Based on a comparative analysis of 2276 county units in China in the two years, we found that county units can be categorized as under-urbanized, basic coordination and over-urbanized in various areas. No situation was observed where urbanization seriously lagged behind the economic development level, so the levels of urbanization and economic development appear to be basically coordinated,and the coordination state may be gradually optimized over time. 3) Over time, the spatial dependency of the RCUED has weakened and the spatial heterogeneity has increased. Northeast China has always been an area characterized by over-urbanization. The number of county units classified as under-urbanized has begun to decline in eastern coastal urban agglomeration areas, while counties rich in resources have transformed from having point-shaped over-urbanization to plane-shaped under-urbanization along the northern border,and the number of over-urbanized county units has increased in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. 4)’Lag-lag’ type and ’advance-advance’ type accounted for 68% of all counties in China, and these counties were shown to have obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.

Inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization

The coordinated development between touristization and urbanization is the key to optimizing regional industrial structure and building a long-term dynamic mechanism for urbanization. Based on constructing the measurement index system of touristization and urbanization level, the evaluation model on the coupled and coordinated degree is used in this paper to measure the inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization in 31 provinces and autonomous regions in China. The results show that the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization is significantly different in different regions, which presents a gradient decline pattern of the highest in the east, the lower in the middle and the lowest in the west. In the future, measures should be taken to promote the coordinated development between touristization and urbanization in accordance with the regional differences and actual development needs.

Global pattern of pairwise relationship in genetic network

In recent times genetic network analysis has been found to be useful in the study of gene-gene interactions, and the study of gene-gene correlations is a special analysis of the network. There are many methods for this goal. Most of the existing methods model the relationship between each gene and the set of genes under study. These methods work well in applications, but there are often issues such as non-uniqueness of solution and/or computational difficulties, and interpretation of results. Here we study this problem from a different point of view: given a measure of pair wise gene-gene relationship, we use the technique of pattern image restoration to infer the optimal network pair wise relationships. In this method, the solution always exists and is unique, and the results are easy to interpret in the global sense and are computationally simple. The regulatory relationships among the genes are inferred according to the principle that neighboring genes tend to share some common features. The network is updated iteratively until convergence, each iteration monotonously reduces entropy and variance of the network, so the limit network represents the clearest picture of the regulatory relationships among the genes provided by the data and recoverable by the model. The method is illustrated with a simulated data and applied to real data sets.

Precipitation Chemistry and Corresponding Transport Patterns of Influencing Air Masses at Huangshan Mountain in East China

One hundred and ten samples of rainwater were collected for chemical analysis at the summit of Huangshan Mountain, a high-altitude site in East China, from July 2010 to June 2011. The volume-weighted-mean （VWM） pH for the whole sampling period was 5.03. SO2- and Ca2＋ were the most abundant anion and cation, respectively. The ionic concentrations varied monthly with the highest concentrations in winter/spring and the lowest in summer. Evident inter-correlations were found among most ions, indicating the common sources for some species and fully mixing characteristics of the alpine precipitation chemistry. The VWM ratio of [SO]-]/[NO3] was 2.54, suggesting the acidity of rainwater comes from both nitric and sulfuric acids. Compared with contemporary observations at other alpine continental sites in China, the precipitation at Huangshan Mountain was the least polluted, with the lowest ionic concentrations. Trajectories to Huangshan Mountain on rainy days could be classified into six groups. The rainwater with influencing air masses originating in Mongolia was the most polluted with limited effect. The emissions of Jiangxi, Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces had a strong influence on the overall rain chemistry at Huangshan Mountain. The rainwater with influencing air masses from Inner Mongolia was heavily polluted by anthropogenic pollutants.

Morphological Characteristics of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake and Its Response to River-Lake Water Exchange Pattern

Tonle Sap Lake is the largest river-connected lake, buffer area and ecological zone of Mekong River, which plays a huge role in dispelling flood peak and compensating water, and the conservation of biological diversity. The river-lake relationship between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is unique and has always been a major focus in the international community. The land terrain and under-water topography were used to analyze the morphological characteristics of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake. Long series of hydrological data of river-lake controlling stations were used to analyze the water level variation characteristics and water volume exchange pattern between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake, and the response relationship to river-lake morphological characteristics were also researched. The results show that: Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake Area is low-lying and flat with gentle channel gradient and water surface gradient, making the relationship between water level and area (or volume) smooth. The channel storage capacity of Mekong River and Tonle Sap River is not enough compared to the inflow, so vast flooding plain is extremely prone to be inundated, making the flood relationships between the left and right banks become very complicated. Tonle Sap Lake is a seasonal freshwater lake with water flowing in and flowing out, and the timing and intensity of water exchange with Mekong River are closely related to the water flow resistance at the exit section of Tonle Sap Lake and the cross-sectional area of Tonle Sap River, which can be reflected by the river-lake water level difference and the water level of Tonle Sap River. Affected by the river-lake morphological characteristics, the water exchange intensity between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is great. Tonle Sap Lake not only stores 14.4% of flood volume (39.7 billion m3) from the Mekong River every year, but also supplies 29.7% of dry water (69.4 billion m3) to the Mekong River. Influenced by the adjustment of the floodplain, the water level fluctuation of Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is slow, and the rising and droop rates of water level are positively correlated with the floodplain storage area. The research results will help to understand the relationship mechanism between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake and provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive governance of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake Area.

门脉高压性胃病患者中医证型分布特点及其与胃镜下黏膜病变的相关性

目的:明确门脉高压性胃病(portal hypertension gastropathy,PHG)患者中医证型分布特点,探究PHG中医证型与胃镜下黏膜病变特点之间的相关性。方法:采用临床调查方式对符合标准的180例PHG患者中医证型、胃黏膜病变特点等资料进行统计学分析。结果:PHG患者中医证型主要为湿热蕴结证、瘀血阻络证;胃黏膜糜烂、充血、水肿、出血以湿热蕴结证患者多见,瘀血阻络证以PHG重度患者多见;肝气郁结证及瘀血阻络证与肝肾阴虚证、水湿内阻证及脾肾阳虚证相比,食管静脉曲张发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:PHG中医证型与胃黏膜病变相关,湿热、瘀血是其主要病理因素。

海洋观视角下海洋城市发展的历史回顾与国际比较

海洋观是人类在生产生活中对海洋的总体认识,随着海洋科技与国际关系发展而持续演变,为厘清不同历史时期海洋城市的差异特征提供了重要的研究视角。基于文献综述与类型归纳相结合的方法,重点关注海洋观变迁下全球典型海洋城市发展的空间演变与发展趋势。研究发现,在殖民、后殖民、全球化海洋观演变过程中,海洋城市职能从早期的贸易型逐渐转变为产业型与服务型,其战略属性主要体现为在全球、区域与国家多维空间尺度下的连通性、撬动性与支撑性。应充分发挥海洋城市战略属性,面向世界级海洋城市群开展现代海洋城市建设。

计划生育特殊家庭老人的社会关系变迁

计划生育特殊家庭老人群体数量的增加和年龄的增长将带来更大的社会服务需求。理解这一群体社会关系的动态变化,不仅有助于明晰其社会支持网络的演变特点,也有助于制定更有效的人口政策,防范家庭陷入困境的风险。本文采用扎根理论作为收集和分析资料的主要方法,选取某市某养老机构计划生育特殊家庭专区为主要的田野点,深度访谈了21名70岁以上的独生子女去世的老人。计划生育特殊家庭老人的社会关系主要形成了四种模式,分别为收缩型、扩展型、替代型和平衡型。这四种模式都是他们在子女去世后重建社会关系的方式,一些模式可能存在不稳定的风险,有必要在政策上对该群体提供更精准的回应和关怀。政府部门和社会服务机构从社会关系角度切入,将能更有效地为这一群体提供服务。

Present land use and cover patterns and their development potential in North Ningxia

With the objectives to acquire the fundamental dat a of the territorial resource, understand the impacts of human activit ies on the land use and cover patterns and evaluate the potential of the future exploitation, an intensive land cover classification with an accuracy of 93% has been completed for North Ningxia by remote sen sing technique based on the adoption of a combination method composed o f texture training, maximum likelihood classification and post-processing such as re-allocation and aggregation. This classification result was incorporated with the contemporaneous socio-economic and meteorological d ata for cross-sectional regression modelling to reveal the spatial dete rminants of the land cover patterns and understand the human-environmen tal relationships. A tentative evaluation on the potential of soil exp loitation in the near future was carried out in combination with our land use and cover change detection results aiming at supplying some useful references for the central and local governments in their sustainable l and use planning.

基于多元关系融合的科学—技术—产业关联模式识别方法研究

[目的/意义]基于多元关系挖掘科学—技术—产业之间的关联模式,对揭示技术关联的科学基础和产业方向,促进产学研深度融合具有重要意义。[方法/过程]首先,利用LDA模型与人工判断方法识别出论文、专利、产品主题,基于论文与专利主题的引用关系、主体关系、内容关系构建科学关联度指标,基于专利与产品主题的交叉关系构建产业关联度指标;然后,基于科学关联度和产业关联度二元维度识别各技术主题的科学—技术—产业关联模式;最后,选择量子通信技术领域进行实证研究。[结果/结论]量子通信领域的技术主题关联模式包括S模式、S-T模式、T-I模式、S-T-I模式。随着时间推移,科学—技术—产业之间的互动逐步加深;量子通信技术遵循“材料研究—应用模块—应用核心技术—应用系统”的演化路径。

Regeneration Characteristics and Spatial Pattern of <i>Platycladus orientalis</i>in Mount Tai, China

Platycladus orientalis is one of the main tree species in Mount Tai, and its sustainable development is of great significance to the protection and development of the forest ecological environment of Mount Tai. In this study, a representative sample plot of Platycladus orientalis with a size of 30 m * 20 m was selected on Mount Tai. The growth and distribution of the parent trees and seedlings of Platycladus orientalis were investigated in the sample plots. The results showed that both the mother cypress trees and seedlings inside the plot present an aggregated distribution pattern within a certain scale, which conforms to the distribution of most natural communities;and the mother cypress can promote seedlings within a certain scale. Although Platycladus orientalis has good natural regeneration ability, it is difficult to succeed in understory regeneration solely relying on natural fertility, and it is not conducive to the long-term stable development of forest stands. Therefore, the thinning of Platycladus orientalis and the adjustment of the forest stand structure and artificial promotion of natural regeneration can not only reduce operating costs, but also conform to the idea of forest near-natural management and maintain sustainable forest development.

居住模式与代际关系对农村老年人自我忽视的影响

为了探讨农村老年人居住模式和代际关系对自我忽视的影响,采用农村老年自我忽视量表和代际关系量表对广西、江西和福建三省共702位60周岁及以上的农村老年人进行了横断面调查。结果表明:不同居住模式下的农村老年人代际关系和自我忽视差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);相对独居而言,偶居、亲子居、隔代居、代际关系与居住模式的交互项均能负向预测农村老年人的自我忽视(P<0.05);居住模式、代际关系与农村老年人的自我忽视显著相关,代际关系对农村老年人居住模式与自我忽视之间的关系具有调节作用。

安徽省村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分异及耦合关系研究

综合应用村庄开发强度、景观格局指数和双变量空间自相关模型等方法,分析安徽省村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分布特点、空间耦合关系及影响因素。结果显示:安徽省村庄开发强度呈现皖北>皖中皖南,村庄景观格局破碎度呈现皖中>皖北>皖南,村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分布存在明显区域差异,二者空间耦合关系上,皖北没有明显主导类型,皖中以低-高和低-低聚类为主,皖南以低-高聚类为主;村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分异受自然地理、人类活动和土地利用政策的多重因素影响。最后,根据研究结果提出针对性的对策建议,可为村庄国土空间开发保护、村庄规划编制提供理论方法参考和实践应用借鉴。

贵州省北盘江流域经济贫困与生态脆弱性的空间耦合关系研究

为研究北盘江流域经济贫困与生态环境之间的空间耦合关系,揭示其空间格局,基于遥感数据及统计资料,构建北盘江流域乡镇单元的经济贫困与生态脆弱性的评价体系,采用耦合协调度模型,对经济贫困与生态脆弱性的空间格局及耦合特征进行综合分析。结果表明:1)研究区中度贫困以上的乡镇占全部乡镇的40.54%,贫困程度较重的乡镇主要分布于东南部、中部及六盘水一带的西北部地区,有一定聚集性。2)生态脆弱性等级空间分布差异明显,由东至西生态脆弱程度愈加严重。中度以上脆弱性的乡镇仅占全部乡镇的30.41%,生态脆弱程度处于偏低水平,各类型分布具有明显的集中性。3)耦合协调类型占全部乡镇的83.24%,处于优良的耦合协调状态,耦合协调差异类型分布连片且集中,失调差异类型主要分布于研究区东部。研究可为区域经济发展与环境改善提供一定理论支持,为区域可持续发展提供科学参考。

留守经历、情感模式与互助型夫妻关系实践——留守经历的叙述与意义阐释

研究通过对三位有过留守经历的女性叙述,理解其留守经历对她们情感生活的意义。研究发现,童年和奶奶的共同生活使她们记忆的是“有奶奶的家”,和奶奶一起生活,让她们学会了独立和能吃苦的精神。成长后的她们以独立身份经营自己的情感、生育与夫妻关系,大致形塑了三类情感模式:一类是以愤怒为基础的敏感和自尊式情感类型;一类是以艰苦勤劳为底色的自信和自主式情感类型;一类是以需求被满足为基础的自爱和学习型情感类型。新生代女性是我国欠发达地区的职业教育和新型城镇化发展的受惠者,她们抓住机会,掌握自己的命运,成为摆脱父权制和母亲命运的创造者、新型城镇化过程中互助型夫妻关系的主导者。

争创“双一流”中医药高校背景下构建良好导学关系模式探索

[目的]探索在争创“双一流”中医药高校的背景下,导学关系新模式的构建举措,以不断提升中医药高校研究生培养质量。[方法]在争创“双一流”中医药高校背景下,介绍构建良好导学关系的现实意义,基于导师和研究生两大主体的视角,对当前中医药高校研究生培养中导学关系存在的突出问题进行分析。[结果]以浙江中医药大学为例,从强化“尊师重道”正向影响、纠正导学关系失衡和完善相关制度三个方面入手,提出了相应的可行性建议。通过良好导学关系的构建,导学关系普遍得到了正向影响,师生间的沟通更加密切而高效。通过一系列正向激励机制,导师在学术引领、学业指导和生活关怀等方面更加积极主动地为研究生提供支持和帮助,研究生也更加积极地配合导师开展各项科研工作,研究生发表学术论文的数量和质量得到了显著的提升,导师团队的科研、教学工作开展更加高效,进展显著。[结论]通过一系列有效举措,浙江中医药大学着力探索导学关系新模式的构建,显著改善了导学关系,不仅对提升研究生专业思想水平、沟通交流能力、科研创新能力有积极的作用,同时也为导师顺利完成教学科研工作提供了保障,值得进一步完善并推广。

差序格局视域下民办社工机构参与乡村社区治理的过程与路径研究

乡村社区治理是我国基层治理的重要组成部分。民办社会工作服务机构通过发挥政治、专业以及地缘优势成为乡村社区治理的有效载体。在差序格局视角下,民办社会工作服务经历主动建立信任关系—重构社会支持网络—构建乡村社区共同体的治理过程,并提出中国特有乡土关系的特征下民办社会工作服务机构参与乡村社区治理的有效路径。

长江经济带居民健康水平和经济发展水平的耦合关系及空间格局研究

文章构建了长江经济带居民健康水平与经济发展水平的耦合协调模型,分析2017—2021年长江经济带两系统间耦合协调发展关系及变化趋势,并进一步探讨其空间分布格局和关联特征。结果发现,两系统发展水平差异逐渐缩小,但经济发展水平仍滞后于健康水平;耦合协调度均值由0.556增长到0.647,呈现“下游高,中上游低”的空间格局分布,说明存在地区间不平衡;全局莫兰指数均大于0,表示存在趋同聚集,局域空间自相关分析结果集中于高高聚集区和低低聚集区。研究结果为推动长江经济带地区居民健康水平与经济发展水平提升、促进两系统间协调发展提供参考。

环鄱阳湖城市群土地利用功能转型及其驱动机制

快速城镇化背景下,推进土地利用高质量转型是实现区域可持续协同发展的重要路径。该研究基于土地利用主导功能,运用综合指数法、耦合协调度模型和时空地理加权回归模型(geographically and temporally weighted regression,GTWR)等方法,分析了环鄱阳湖城市群土地利用功能转型的时空演变特征、耦合协调水平及其驱动机制。结果表明:1)2000—2020年,环鄱阳湖城市群土地利用功能指数从0.20上升到0.55,持续优化提升,但总体上处于中低水平,土地利用功能水平表现为阶段性的变化特征;土地利用功能指数逐渐呈现出中西高、东部低的空间格局。2)生产-生活-生态功能及生产-生活功能的协调度指数持续上升,其余耦合度及协调度指数均呈波动发展的趋势,耦合协调度指数呈现中部和西南部高、东北和西北部低的空间分布格局;以低质量转型为主,平均占比约为50%,功能转型质量有所提升,中西部区县的土地利用功能转型质量要明显优于北部和东部区县。3)不同影响因子的驱动作用存在显著的空间差异。人口密度和城镇化水平的正向驱动作用持续增强,二三产业占比的负向驱动作用增强,人均GDP、人均固定资产投资和人均粮食产量的影响力趋于减弱。应根据各区县土地利用功能的转型阶段,实行差别化的发展政策,补齐区县发展短板,提升功能系统间的耦合协调度。研究结果可为提高区域用地效率,促进土地利用多功能协同发展提供参考和决策依据。

时空视域下高速铁路网络与区域空间格局耦合研究——以山东省为例

高速交通已成为推动区域空间格局持续协调发展的重要支撑保障。基于山东省2010年、2015年与2020年高速铁路网络数据以及城市层面数据,分析了山东省高速铁路网络与区域空间格局的耦合关系。研究表明:高速铁路网络对山东省区域交通整体可达性提升有明显的促进作用,经济发展会助力交通可达性的提升;省内区域经济联系总量基本呈现增长态势;山东省交通可达性与经济联系总量的耦合度基本保持均衡发展状态,但省内各城市的耦合协调水平之间存在较大的差距,并且大部分城市交通可达性水平强于经济发展水平,代表着高速铁路网络的带动作用并未得到充分发挥,对经济的整体带动作用不强。