The Islamic Religion in Course Curriculums of High School History Textbooks in the Republic of Macedonia

History textbooks can and primarily should contribute to the strengthening of students’awareness of universal human values.However,history textbooks can also deepen the divisions,prejudices,and uncritical attitudes,contrary to the goals of education.The youth population,which is still building and creating their point of view towards the world is the main group in the education process.The learning period,in the elementary,as well as in the secondary education is of utmost importance for the development of every human.To that end,history,through the contents of the past largely shapes our perceptions of every individual,ourselves,and the others.Since we are living in a multiethnic and multi-confessional society,I have decided to conduct an analysis of the teaching contents of high school textbooks related to religion.Another reason for the analysis is the role of religion in the formation of Balkan nations,which have made it one of the key elements of their national identities.It is often given the role of raising and strengthening the national awareness,patriotism,as well as the country homogeneity,which most often leads to forming prejudices,divisions,and discrimination towards people of minority religions.The large volume of content related to the religion,and also the mere fact that Muslims are the second largest religion group in the population,I have decided to analyze the contents which are related only to the Islamic religion.The goal is to look for both the positive and negative sides of those contents in history textbooks in secondary schools,which are backed by state institutions that are supposed to take care of the development of competitive,creative,progressive,and ethically formed human potential.The critical review will give an additional impulse to the efforts of eliminating those parts of the teaching contents that create divisions and prejudices,especially in history textbooks,so that its studying can become the key factor in the building of trust between people of different religions.

Historiography and Scientific Research of Religious Buildings of the Cucuteni-Trypillian Culture

The purpose of this article is to reveal the historiography and current state of research related to the cult buildings of the Eneolithic period of the Cucuteni-Trypillian cultural community.The article describes the historical path of archaeological discoveries,from the first Trypillian sanctuaries to the discovery of the largest Nebelivka temple complex in Ukraine in 2012.At the same time,the work partially raises the issue of religious beliefs of the ancient farmers of Central Europe in connection with the discovery of their sacred buildings.Since special scientific works have not comprehensively addressed this issue and are still fragmentary in nature,it is important at the present stage of research to make some coverage and systematization of existing materials on this issue.

Can Religious Pluralism Influence Governance and Societal Cohesion?

This analysis uncovers the complex interplay of religion,politics,and society in Israel,revealing the intricate dynamics of secular and religious ideologies.The study explores the deep ideological rift between secular and religious communities,a divide that profoundly impacts political stability and policymaking.This division often leads to political crises and reshuffling,with the political system characterized by unstable coalition governments.The research is grounded in the divisions over the state’s spiritual ideology,with significant Orthodox influence shaping policy on education,family law,and cultural affairs.The research shows the profound influence of religious parties on Israeli politics,significantly shaping the country’s policies and ideological direction.Influenced by external factors such as security threats and diplomatic challenges,the dynamic interaction between politics and religion shapes Israeli politics since religious parties advocate for policies that align with their interpretation of Jewish religious law,thereby impacting the role of religion in public policy.The influence of religious politics has led to a discernible shift toward greater religious orthodoxy in public life,driven by the political power of religious parties that prioritize religious values above secular democratic principles.The state’s endorsement of religious education and institutions shapes public policy and societal norms.The analysis examines the influence of religious values in public policy and the dynamic interaction between religious and political spheres,aimed to ensure that religion remains dominant in shaping societal norms and governance.This complex relationship demonstrates the ongoing challenges in balancing religious orthodoxy with secular principles,which poses difficulties and has implications for the stability and cohesion of Israeli society.The urgency and complexity of this task cannot be overstated,as it is crucial for the future of Israeli politics and religious dynamics.

Epistemic Analysis of Kantian Ethics of Duty Call vis-a-vis Paranormal in Nigerian Society Among Nigerian Clergymen

This work is geared to carry out epistemic analysis of Kantian ethics of duty call vis-à-vis paranormal in Nigerian society among clergymen.The recent changes in Nigerian and other African countries like colonialism that brought Western education,globalization,urbanization,and new religion(Islam and Christianity)have made it that divination in traditional African religion is no longer in vogue in this contemporary period.Divination and fortune telling have taken a new dimension in form of faith healing and miracles by some prophets and so called men of God like pastors,priests,and imam.The quest for materialism among the ministers and clerics of Islamic,Christian and traditional religion has made them abuse their religious calling for their selfish interests.This work makes use of analytic and critical methods of data analysis.This work postulates that Immanuel Kant’s ethics of duty call serves to provide a guiding principle to Nigeria clergymen of different religions on the need for them to carry out their religious duties out of good will.On the other hand,twisting or distorting the teachings of their religion to serve their various selfish interests contravenes Immanuel Kant’s ethics of duty call.Finally,they have to contribute positively to nation building by propagating or fostering the positive ideology,theories,or doctrines that will promote love and national unity in a multicultural country like Nigeria.

Religion and “Zero-Dose” Vaccination Status in Children Aged 12 to 23 Months in Benin and Togo: “Evidence of Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys”

Introduction: The relationship between religion and health has been a topic of interest in the past, and in recent years it has become increasingly visible in the social, behavioural, and health sciences. This work aims to study the influence of religion on the “zero-dose” vaccination status of children aged 12 - 23 months in Benin and Togo. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which consisted in carrying out secondary analyzes using the databases of the most recent editions of the Demographic and Health Surveys in Benin and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) in Togo. We extracted data concerning the vaccination status (“1 = zero-dose”, “0 = vaccinated”) of the children, the religious affiliation of the head of the household or the mother and other variables related to the child, the mother, the household and the environment. By means of a logistic regression, the adjusted effect of the religious affiliation of the head of the household or of the mother on the vaccination status at “zero-dose” was determined. Results: A total of 2430 and 933 children were respectively included in the study on behalf of Benin and Togo. The prevalence of “zero-dose” vaccination status in children aged 12 - 23 months was 33.91% (95% CI = 31.67 - 36.23) in Benin and this prevalence was 26.88% (95% CI = 23.50 - 30.55) in Togo. In Benin, there is no evidence in favour of the influence of the religious affiliation of the mother on the “zero-dose” vaccination status of children. In Togo, children living in households whose head was Muslim (ORa = 3.44;95% CI = 1.29 - 9.13) were more likely to be “zero-dose” than those coming from households run by individuals with no religious beliefs. Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand the basis for the excess risk of “zero-dose” vaccination status in children that appears to be associated with the Muslim religion.

The Contemplation for Mental Health: A Short Review—I

Research and results: Contemplative practises use positive electromagnetic vibrations to speed up mental health recovery, while spirituality and religion bring love, hope, happiness, and compassion. Self-transcendence increases cortisol and serotonin receptor binding, suppresses norepinephrine, and reduces mental health issues. Mental health professionals must respect preferences, record religious beliefs, provide spiritual materials, and encourage socialisation. Self-determination, autonomy, and choice should be prioritised in mental health care. This therapy’s significant, long-term, and undeniable effect is undisputed. Research purpose: To publicise mental health-promoting spiritual and religious practises. Methods and tools: The author, a psychologist with 20 years of introspective training, summarises the findings after being cured of psychopathology, with only the relevant insight points. “Contemplative Practice” is an integrated therapy for psychiatric patients and health care providers that promotes mental health through spiritual and religious activities. Self-analysis and, theoretically, a Google Scholar literature search help the author create the therapy. Result: The author develops a contemplative science research methodology. Conclusion: Positive psychology and metaphysical contemplation can miraculously improve mental health.

An Introduction to the Culture of Zhuang’s Mo Religion Scriptures

Like all the religions in the world,Mo religion is a classic one believed by all Zhuang people.It believes in and worships the gods,having truth in a thing that life and death are manipulated by the gods,that life and death can be reincarnated,and that human beings can be recreated.It has a set of systematic interpretations of the universe,celestial bodies,life and death,misfortune,fate,soul,salvation,etc.It has the omnipotent,omniscient and the infinitely wise.The first Patriarch Bulotuo appeared as the supreme god and master.His professionals are called“pumo”and religious scripture of Mo religion is called“sɯ³⁵mo³⁵”!Mo religion’s activities are known as“hok⁵⁵mo³⁵”.

Organ Donation and Obstacles: University Student Survey

Background: Organ transplantation has helped improve the quality of life of patients with lethal terminal organ failure. This success is owed to the progress made in many fields such as surgery, immunology…However, in our country Morocco, we are faced with reluctance to donate. The study’s objective is to evaluate the perception of organ donation among university students. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims. Our target population consisted of 991 university students from eight higher education structures. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to those students by a single interviewer. The questions of the survey answered four main themes. Thus, two types of studies were done. The first was a descriptive study of the socio-demographic characteristics of the selected population and their knowledge and attitudes about organ donation. The second was an analytical study of the correlation between the socio-demographic characteristics, type and level of education of the target population and their knowledge and attitudes towards organ donation. Results: 97.2% of the respondents have already heard about organ donation. If 836 of the students (84.4%) thought that transplantation could be an effective therapeutic alternative, 155 of the students (15.6%) were not aware of this possibility. Furthermore, 298 students, which means 30.1% of the students, did not know that organ transplantation was practiced in Morocco. The causes of refusal found in our study were numerous. 68.5% of students blamed the lack of information as the main cause of their reluctance. 64.7% were afraid of organ trafficking. 41.1% refused the idea of mutilating the body of the deceased, which could impact the funeral. 37.3% thought that donation would be a violation of the human body according to religious values. 33.9% were against donation because they hoped that the brain-dead patient could wake up. The main results of our survey showed the very favorable attitude towards organ donation and transplantation, despite the lack of knowledge on the subject. Conclusion: This study revealed the absence of information on the practice of organ transplantation in Morocco and the underestimation of the number of people waiting for transplantation. On the other hand, like the data found in the literature, our study highlights the religious obstacles and the lack of confidence in the legislation governing donation and transplantation in our country.

苯教因明学文献与研学制度评介

Logic in Bon Religion is one of the important elements in the Logic popular in Tibet.This article based on a discussion of the development of Logic and the important literatures of Bon Religion,the process of and time phases of studying Logic of Bon Religion,describes four important characteristics of Logic of Bon Religion.Namely,there are similarities and differences between the Logic of Buddhism and that of Bon Religion first of all.Secondly,Logic of Bon Religion bears an invaluable tradition of traditional Tibetan culture regardless from the perspective of Logic,Philosophy,the literary works conducted by the respective scholars.Thirdly,like the other sciences,the development of Logic of Bon Religion experienced a process of from uncomplete to completion,from an independent subject to a science with various disciplines.Fourthly,Logic of Bon Religion is an academic field with a strong validity.

初探宗教现象学

宗教现象学是当代西方文化中使用现象学方法来诠释宗教的一种学说,它在理论上与传统宗教的理性实体学说和自然神学理论相区别,一是将宗教的论证方式由外在实体出发转向由人的直观意识出发,二是将对神的论证由理性论证的途径改变为意识直观和生存体验的途径。宗教现象学把人的直观意识体验和生存感受作为其理论的出发点,它同时把宗教理解为前导入的生存的意义纲领。宗教现象学跨越了现象学、存在主义、解释学、心理学、人类学及神学等多个学科,尚有许多理论问题有待进一步澄清。

关于威廉·布莱克的《老虎》的再评定

人们对英国十八世纪的著名诗人威廉·布莱克的“ＴｈｅＴｉｇｅｒ”一诗的争论和分岐颇多。本文作者依据对原诗的理解以及对各种参考资料的综合分析，阐述了作者对“老虎究竟象征着什么？”，“诗文本身到底表达了怎样的思想内容”等问题的一些见解。其中涉及对Ｂｌａｋｅ的生平和宗教信仰的新评定，也有对诗的内容及韵律等方面的再挖掘。

《说文解字》虫部字的宗教文化意蕴

Some characters in Shuowenjiezi? Chongbu have close relation with the chinese ancient time’s primitive religion culture,it conveys the Chinese ancient’s worship of the deity and the ghost,it shows us the primitive religion ideology in Chinese ancient time.

漫谈英语中的拉丁词

《大学英语》(复旦大学主编)精读第一册二单元课文中有这样一个单词:transatlantic(横渡大西洋的)。该词的前缀trans-源于拉丁语,有across,beyond,through的意思。相同前缀的常用词还有transform(转变),transcend(超出),translate(翻译),transmit(传送),transplant(移植),transport(运输)等等。无独有偶,在该精读第三册七单元课文中还有一个拉丁语的输入词semi-(半)

Study on Origin and Cultural Connotation of Names in English-speaking Countries

The names in English-speaking countries are full of historical origin and cultural connotation. For the significance of family name and given name, this paper focus on the origin and culture connotation of family name and given name, and also the hidden influences of name played on human beings. Moreover, the relationship between development of society and English name will also be concerned because we can not ignore that the development of society has made great effects to English name.According to the whole essay, we can easily realize the origin and connotation of English name through all my researches and analyses.

萧伯纳名言集锦(3)(英文)

21.What we want is to see the child in pursuit of knowledge,and not knowledge in pur suit of the child.22.It is most unwise for people in love to marry.23.Behind every successful man,there is a woman and behind every unsuccessful there are two.24.There is only one religion,though there are a hundred versions of it.

The Sacrifice on the Altar-An Analysis of the Conflict between Montanelli's Humanity and Divinity in The Gadfly

Montanelli suffered from the fierce conflict between humanity and divinity in his pursuit of religious belief.As a sacrifice on the altar of God,Montanelli's tragedy reflects the influence of the religion upon his behaviors,his internal spirit and his tragic destiny in the end.Furthermore,it manifests the cruelty and darkness of the religious rule and the distortion of the humankind in his age.

The Religious and Humane Significance of the Death of Two Heroes in Scarlet Letter

Most of Nathaniel Hawthorne's masterpieces are created with the theme of morality,and are used to analysis and reveal"good and evil human nature"through the methods of profound symbolism and delicate psychological description. To reemerge the spirit of The Scarlet Letter,Which is considered as Hawthorne's religious view and humanistic feeling,the death of two heroes in this novel should be analyzed in the aspects of religion and human nature,and even in the aspects of the vocabulary,theme and mental world of main characters.

Language Taboo in Chinese and English Based on Different Cultures

Language taboos are common in all languages all over the world.The taboos refer to some topics,words and language factors that can not or is not suitable in certain cases.There are lots of language taboos in both Chinese and English.As the two languages are studied and taught in the two countries,people find the differences between Chinese and English taboos are com mon and hard to master and use in daily life.This paper analyzes the differences between the two languages'taboos from differ ent point of view to help to master and use the taboos correctly.

On Cultural Analysis of Baldwin's Exodus

In the short story Exodus,James Baldwin sought to create a highly personal literature less with racial conflict than with the complexity of human motivations,by briefly contrasting the two processes of exodus,Baldwin achieved this kind of creation,which is to get behind the Negro problem to find the kind of reality that he really concerned:the process of struggle to bettering one' s lot.

The Influence of Norman Conquest on the development of English Society

Norman Conquest was the last foreign invasion suffered by England.This conquest served as a turning point,after which England was put on the way to becoming powerful.This change resulted from a series of reforms in terms of politics,religion and economy by the conqueror.The present paper attempts to trace these reforms.