Research on Satisfaction of ex situ Relocated Households

Based on the survey data of ex situ relocated households in Hubei and Hunan provinces in 2017,the specific satisfaction levels of the relocated farmers in the two provinces and the influencing factors were analyzed in this paper. It is found that the ex situ relocated farmers in Hubei and Hunan provinces have higher levels of satisfaction. The satisfaction of farmers who have been relocated to poverty alleviation is obviously affected by the characteristics of relocation and support policies. Even after controlling the farmer individual characteristic variables and family characteristic variables,the relocation characteristics and support policies still have a significant impact on the satisfaction of the farmers in the anti-poverty relocation,indicating that the relocated farmers with different backgrounds have a similar understanding of the satisfaction of the ex situ anti-poverty relocation.

Effects of vegetation differences in relocated Utah prairie dog release sites

Utah prairie dogs have been extirpated in 90% of their historical range. Because most of the population occurs on private land, this threatened species is continually in conflict with land-owners due to burrowing. The Utah Division of Wildlife Resources has been relocating Utah prairie dogs from private to public land since the 1970s, but relocations have been largely unsuccessful due to high mortality. Utah prairie dogs were relocated in 2010 and 2011 from the golf course in Cedar City, Utah to two prepared sites near Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah. Vegetation transects were established at each site to determine if there was a correlation between site vegetation composition and structure, and Utah prairie dog survival at relocation sites. The vegetation at the two sites was significantly different. One site had significantly less grass cover, more invasive plant cover, and rockier soils. The sites also had different soil structures and long-term Utah prairie dog retention rates. Newly established burrows were clustered rather than randomly distributed. Utah prairie dogs appeared to avoid placing burrows in areas with tall vegetation and rocky soils. More research is needed to determine how site selection determines longterm retention and colonization of a relocation site.

Relocated People of the Three Gorges

IN April 1992, the deputies of the Fifth Session of the Seventh National People's Congress met in The Great Hall of the People in

Rapid report of source parameters of 2023 M6.2 Jishishan,Gansu earthquake sequence

The M6.2 earthquake in Jishishan,Gansu Province,on December 18,2023,caused extraordinary earthquake disasters.It was located in the northern part of the north−south seismic zone,which is a key area for earthquake monitoring in China.The newly built dense strong motion stations in this area provide unprecedented conditions for high-precision earthquake relocation,especially the earthquake focal depth.This paper uses the newly built strong motion and traditional broadband seismic networks to relocate the source locations of the M3.0 and above aftershocks and to invert their focal mechanisms.The horizontal error of earthquake location is estimated to be 0.5−1 km,and the vertical error is 1−2 km.The focal depth range of aftershocks is 9.6−14.6 km,distributed in a 12-km-long strip with SSE direction.Aftershocks in the south are more concentrated horizontally and vertically,while aftershocks in the north are more scattered.The focal mechanisms of the main shock and aftershocks are relatively consistent,and the P-axis orientation is consistent with the regional strain direction.There is a seismic blank area of M3.0 and above,about 3−5 km between the main shock and aftershocks.It is suggested that the energy released by the main shock rupture is concentrated in this area.Based on the earthquake location and focal mechanism of the main shock,it is inferred that the Northern Lajishan fault zone is the seismogenic structure of the main shock,and the main shock did not occur on the main fault,but on a secondary fault.The initial rupture depth and centroid depth of the main shock were 12.8 and 14.0 km,respectively.The source rupture depth may not be the main reason for the severe earthquake disaster.

Strong Earthquake Model of North China Craton: A Case of 2023 Mw 5.5 Earthquake in Pingyuan County, Shandong Province, China

North China is one of the high-risk areas for destructive strong earthquakes in China's Mainland, with a history of numerous significant seismic events. On August 6, 2023, an Mw5.5 earthquake struck Pingyuan County, Dezhou City, in Shandong Province, China. This earthquake was the largest in the eastern North China Craton(NCC) since the Tangshan earthquake of 1976. Due to the absence of surface ruptures, the fault responsible for the Pingyuan Mw5.5 earthquake remains unclear. To reveal the subsurface geological structure near the earthquake epicenter, this study utilized highresolution two-dimensional seismic reflection profiles to interpret pre-existing faults.

The 2023 Turkey earthquake doublet: Earthquake relocation, seismic tomography, and stress field inversion

On February 6,2023,two earthquakes with magnitudes of M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 struck southeastern Turkey,causing significant casualties and economic losses.These seismic events occurred along the East Anatolian Fault Zone,a convergent boundary between the Arabian Plate and the Anatolian Subplate.In this study,we analyze the M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 earthquakes by comparing their aftershock relocations,tomographic images,and stress field inversions.The earthquakes were localized in the upper crust and exhibited steep dip angles.Furthermore,the aftershocks occurred either close to the boundaries of low and high P-wave velocity anomaly zones or within the low P-wave velocity anomaly zones.The East Anatolia Fault,associated with the M_(W) 7.8 earthquake,and the SürgüFault,related to the M_(W) 7.5 earthquake,predominantly experienced shear stress.However,their western sections experienced a combination of strike-slip and tensile stresses in addition to shear stress.The ruptures of the M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 earthquakes appear to have bridged a seismic gap that had seen sparse seismicity over the past 200 years prior to the 2023 Turkey earthquake sequence.

Seismogenic model of the 2023 M_(W)5.5 Pingyuan earthquake in North China Plain and its tectonic implications

The 6 August 2023 M_(W)5.5 Pingyuan earthquake is the largest earthquake in the central North China Plain(NCP)over the past two decades.Due to the thick sedimentary cover,no corresponding active faults have been reported yet in the epicenter area.Thus,this earthquake presents a unique opportunity to delve into the buried active faults beneath the NCP.By integrating strong ground motion records,high-precision aftershock sequence relocation,and focal mechanism solutions,we gain insights into the seismotectonics of the Pingyuan earthquake.The aftershocks are clustered at depths ranging from 15 to 20 km and delineate a NE-SW trend,consistent with the distribution of ground motion records.A NE-SW nodal plane(226°)of the focal mechanism solutions is also derived from regional waveform inversion,suggesting that the mainshock was dominated by strike-slip motion with minor normal faulting component.Integrating regional geological data,we propose that an unrecognized fault between the NE-SW trending Gaotang and Lingxian-Yangxin faults is the seismogenic fault of this event.Based on the S-wave velocity structure beneath the NCP,this fault probably extends into the lower crust with a high angle.Considering the tectonic regime and stress state,we speculate that the interplay of shear strain between the Amurian and South China blocks and the hot upwelling magma from the subducted paleo Pacific flat slab significantly contributed to the generation of the Pingyuan earthquake.

Relocation of Uppermost Mantle Earthquakes in the Atlas Mountains, Morocco

Upper mantle earthquakes are usually associated with plate boundary tectonics, but rarely occur beneath intracontinental orogenic belts. In the Moroccan Atlas Mountains, earthquakes determined at subcrustal depths are a controversial topic because they are few in number compared to subduction zones and are not related to plate boundary tectonics. A recent increase of broadband stations in Morocco has revealed numerous events below the Atlas belts, thought to occur from the upper mantle. Using additional available stations, these Atlas events were relocated and new epicenter resolutions were acquired following rigorous depth and RMS error criteria. 309 events were reprocessed and epicenter depths obtained were between 31 and 240 km during the last 23 years. Temporal variations of High Atlas events appear to be continually dipping while Anti Atlas events show no temporal variation trends. In addition, a recent strong event M6.8 occurred in September 2023 at the transition crust-uppermost mantle followed by several aftershocks which have been relocated at uppermost mantle depths. These events support delamination model under the High-Middle Atlas which could flow southward beneath the Anti Atlas lithosphere, and explain the large variation observed in lithosphere thickness between the High-Middle Atlas, and the Anti Atlas. Subcrustal events beneath the Atlas may be related to upper mantle earthquakes beneath the neighboring Canary Islands which have experienced recent swarms and eruptions. This possible correlation cannot be excluded since descending and ascending material is necessary for a regional geodynamic balance.

Supply Chain Cooperation between China and ASEAN:A Top-Down Approach

The significant relocation of supply chains from China to ASEAN countries did not start with the pandemic.China has been steadily increasing its investment in ASEAN's low valueadded manufacturing sector due to the region's comparative advantage in labor costs.In recent years,changing geopolitics and the restructuring of regional economies in the Asia-Pacific region have accelerated this relocation.

From Poverty to Prosperity How relocation to Aktas Town is a living-standards leap for Xinjiang people

"3,000 yuan per month,"proclaimed Abdulaziz Mehmet,a Uygur worker at Dena Shoes Factory in Kargilik County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Why is it noteworthy?Bangkok's minimum wage in 2024 is US$327.65,while Jakarta is US$332.92.Mehmet is earning significantly more than what he would getin either of the national capitals.

Decadal Forecasts of Large Earthquakes along the Northern San Andreas Fault System, California: Increased Activity on Regional Creeping Faults Prior to Major and Great Events

The three largest earthquakes in northern California since 1849 were preceded by increased decadal activity for moderate-size shocks along surrounding nearby faults. Increased seismicity, double-difference precise locations of earthquakes since 1968, geodetic data and fault offsets for the 1906 great shock are used to re-examine the timing and locations of possible future large earthquakes. The physical mechanisms of regional faults like the Calaveras, Hayward and Sargent, which exhibit creep, differ from those of the northern San Andreas, which is currently locked and is not creeping. Much decadal forerunning activity occurred on creeping faults. Moderate-size earthquakes along those faults became more frequent as stresses in the region increased in the latter part of the cycle of stress restoration for major and great earthquakes along the San Andreas. They may be useful for decadal forecasts. Yearly to decadal forecasts, however, are based on only a few major to great events. Activity along closer faults like that in the two years prior to the 1989 Loma Prieta shock needs to be examined for possible yearly forerunning changes to large plate boundary earthquakes. Geodetic observations are needed to focus on identifying creeping faults close to the San Andreas. The distribution of moderate-size earthquakes increased significantly since 1990 along the Hayward fault but not adjacent to the San Andreas fault to the south of San Francisco compared to what took place in the decades prior to the three major historic earthquakes in the region. It is now clear from a re-examination of the 1989 mainshock that the increased level of moderate-size shocks in the one to two preceding decades occurred on nearby East Bay faults. Double-difference locations of small earthquakes provide structural information about faults in the region, especially their depths. The northern San Andreas fault is divided into several strongly coupled segments based on differences in seismicity.

Geospatial Analysis of Environmental and Safety Risks of Railways on Vulnerable Land Users in Point Douglas and St. Boniface Communities in Winnipeg, Canada

Train rails are associated with environmental and safety risks, often concentrating industry near their yards and rails. ArcGIS was applied to map the rail network, land uses, and industrial sites in Point Douglas and St. Boniface in Winnipeg, Canada. We identified 123 land uses with vulnerable populations needing assistance in evacuation from hospitals, senior living facilities, schools and early childhood centres within a buffer of two km of the rails and conducted hotspot analysis. About two-fifths of the total population, 39% in Point Douglas and 40% in St. Boniface, are at risk from fire, spill or train derailment involving dangerous goods and requiring evacuations or isolation.

考虑动态需求的冷链物流配送路径优化

针对冷链产品配送中动态需求处理不合理导致配送总成本高、车辆利用率低的问题,提出了动态分批优化和紧急订单即时重优化动态处理策略.考虑了静态客户订单取消、需求量增减和新增客户3种动态事件,并构建以配送总成本最小为目标的冷链车辆路径优化模型.基于先静态规划后动态调整的两阶段求解思想,采取更适用于在动态环境中寻优的粒子群算法求解,并引入relocate局部搜索算子来提高算法搜索精度.结果表明:与不考虑动态处理策略的优化方法相比,配送总成本减少26.68%,平均车辆有效利用率提高35.77%,验证了动态处理策略和算法的有效性.

Relocation method of microseismic source in deep mines

A new method, named relocation, was proposed to reduce the impact of sensor errors systematically, especially whenavailable data of sensors are abundant. The procedure includes evaluating the reliability of every sensors datum, processing the initiallocation by the credible data, and selecting a set of equations with optimal noise tolerance according to the relative relationshipbetween the initial location and sensors location, then calculating the final location by k-mean voting. The results obtained in thisresearch include comparing traditional location method with the presented method in both simulation and field experiment. In thefield experiment, the location error of relocation method reduced 41.8% compared with traditional location method. The resultssuggested that relocation method can improve the fault-tolerant performance significantly.

小浪底水库移民对移民政策的认同及顾虑心理

征地移民搬迁安置政策合理与否,关键是看移民对其接受与认同程度。在黄河小浪底水库移民安置点中,选择6个安置点对移民的认同及顾虑心理进行了实地调查。调查资料显示:小浪底工程征地移民在搬迁安置过程中,对国家的移民政策具有较高的心理认同程度,但是,移民认识的局限和从自身的利益出发,又表现出较强的顾虑心理。要消除移民的顾虑心理,必须采取各种切实可行的措施,重视生活安置和生产安置,使移民的生产生活能尽快达到或超过搬迁前的水平。

Energy-saving Architectural Designs for Relocation Residential Districts in North Jiangsu Province of China

By investigating present relocation residential districts for peasants whose houses are removed for the unified planning of rural areas in north Jiangsu Province, as well as residents' feelings about the environment of residential district, main architectural structures and energy consumption conditions, the indoor thermal environment, use of main heating and cooling facilities, residents' satisfaction on the acoustical and luminous environment, major space-enclosing structures and calculation of energy-saving designs are analyzed, and suggestions are given for the architectural design of relocation residential districts in the study area. It is stressed that the relationship between energy conservation and architectural layout, orientation, lighting, ventilation, selection of enclosing-structure materials, facade, color and style should be properly handled in the planning, and the focus is to control building orientation and shape coefficient, on the basis of which energy-saving designs of windows, exterior walls and roofs can be done. Energy consumption of present residential buildings is calculated and analyzed to bring forth new ideas to the energy-saving designs for relocation residential districts in north Jiangsu Province, and establish an architectural energy-saving system suitable for climatic and natural conditions of north Jiangsu to instruct the energy-saving designs of relocation residential districts in the study area.

Seismic stress perturbation and triggering patterns induced by the 2016 Central Italy earthquake sequences

Numerous shallow earthquakes, including 24 th August Amatrice, 26 th October Visso, and 30 th October Norcia earthquakes, ruptured the segments of Mount Vettore-Gorzano fault system in the central Apennines(Italy) in 2016. In order to investigate the stress perturbation and triggering patterns among the earthquake sequences, we introduce a more realistic nonplanar coseismic fault geometry model, which improve the rupture model by assimilating relocated aftershocks and the GPS observations. We adopt the seismic slip inversion program of the steepest descent method(SDM) to create the detailed coseismic rupture models and optimize Coulomb Failure Stress model by varying the coefficient of friction and received fault parameters. The results indicate that the nonplanar fault geometry model is more reflective of the deep slip of the coseismic rupture than planar model. As evidenced by the coseismic Coulomb stress changes caused by the three mainshocks at different depth slices, the stress loading mainly distributes on the active fault zones and the stress changes can well explain the spatial distribution of aftershocks. The first large Amatrice mainshock accelerates the occurrence of the Mw 5.9 Visso and Mw 6.6 Norcia earthquakes, with the positive stress changes at the hypocenter exceeding the stress triggering threshold(0.010×10^(6) Pa) and up to 0.015×10^(6) and 0.257×10^(6) Pa, respectively. Furthermore, the Mw 5.9 Visso earthquake as well encourages the occurrence of the Mw 6.6 Norcia event with the increased stress changes of 0.052×10^(6) Pa on the hypocenter. It is concluded that the stress transfer and accumulation play crucial roles on the linkage triggering mechanism among the mainshock-mainshock and mainshockaftershocks. Noteworthily, the cumulative stress changes on the southwest segment of the Norcia Fault(NF), the southeast parts of the Montereale Fault System(MFS) and Mount Gorzano Fault(MGF) of the main regions are up to(1.5~3.5) ×10^(6) Pa. The cumulative stress changes have not been released sufficiently by aftershocks, which may increase the seismic hazard in those regions.

Social Exclusion Moved Horizon Elderly Social Integration Research

Social Exclusion in the 1990s is emerging social theory in Europe, mainly for research on poverty and social inequality, social exclusion theory unequal distribution of social welfare resources members regarded as some members of society by society rejection phenomenon. Social exclusion is not conducive to social stability, but also contrary to the principles of social justice. System design of social security system, and moved to the old man＇s identity decided they were excluded from the system, therefore, how to eliminate the exclusion, achieve equitable social security has become a very real problem.

Income effects of poverty alleviation relocation program on rural farmers in China

This paper analyses the impact of the poverty alleviation relocation(PAR)program on rural household income and evaluates the heterogeneous income effects of various relocation modes,based on a panel dataset of relocated households from 16 counties in eight Chinese provinces.The results show that participation in the PAR increases the income of both rural and urban resettlers.More specifically,it has a significant positive effect on agricultural and wage income for rural and urban resettlers,respectively.Further analyses show that the income increase for rural resettlers was mainly due to agricultural technology training and that the income increase for town resettlers was attributed to medical security.For the village resettlers,policies should focus on strengthening the development of local industries and training of agricultural technologies.For the urban resettlers,non-agricultural employment and public services in the urban resettlement areas should be promoted.

Relocation of the 10 March 2011 Yingjiang,China,earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications

An earthquake with Ms5.8 occurred on 10 March 2011 in Yingjiang county, western Yunnan, China. This earthquake caused 25 deaths and over 250 injuries. In order to better understand the seismotectonics in the region, we collected the arrival time data from the Yunnan seismic observational bulletins during 1 January to 25 March 2011, and precisely hand-picked the arrival times from high-quality seismograms that were recorded by the temporary seismic stations deployed by our Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration. Using these arrival times, we relocated all the earthquakes including the Yingjiang mainshock and its aftershocks using the double-difference relocation algorithm. Our results show that the relocated earthquakes dominantly occurred along the ENE direction and formed an upside-down bow-shaped structure in depth. It is also observed that after the Yingjiang mainshock, some aftershocks extended toward the SSE over about 10 km. These results may indicate that the Yingjiang mainshock ruptured a conjugate fault system consisting of the ENE trending Da Yingjiang fault and a SSE trending blind fault. Such structural features could contribute to severely seismic hazards during the moderate-size Yingjiang earthquake.