Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were measured by SPECT in 172 patients (192 times) with renal impairment due to various diseases and also in 18 normal controls. The results sugg...Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were measured by SPECT in 172 patients (192 times) with renal impairment due to various diseases and also in 18 normal controls. The results suggest that GFR and ERPF are sensitive and efficient renal function indicators in monitoring the change of the disease and assessing therapeutic effect. However, they should be checked carefully because of many factors affect the resutls of the measurement.展开更多
Background Medical ozone therapy system was reported to have certain effects on the treatment of severe hepatitis, but its mechanism is not very clear. One of the causes of death of severe hepatitis is complication of...Background Medical ozone therapy system was reported to have certain effects on the treatment of severe hepatitis, but its mechanism is not very clear. One of the causes of death of severe hepatitis is complication of renal damage or hepatorenal syndrome. The present study aimed to observe effects of medical ozone therapy system on plasma renin activity （PRA）, angiotensin II （All）, aldosterone （ALD）, renal blood flow and renal function of patients with chronic severe hepatitis and explore mechanisms of medical ozone therapy in the treatment of severe hepatitis. Methods Eighty-five cases with chronic severe hepatitis were randomly divided into ozone therapy group （43 cases） and control group （42 cases）. The patients in the ozone therapy group were treated with basic treatments plus ozone therapy system. Basic autohemotherapy was used. One hundred milliliter venous blood was drawn from each patient, and was mixed with 100 ml （35 pg/ml） medical ozone and then was returned the blood to the patient intravenously, once every other day for 20 days. Only the basic treatments were given to the control group. PRA, All, ALD, renal blood flow and damage to renal function of the two groups before treatment and 20 days after treatment were compared. Survival rates were also compared. Results Twenty days after the treatment, in ozone therapy group, PRA was （1.31±0.12） ng.m^-1.h^1, All （111.25±17.35） pg/ml, ALD （251.31±22.60） pg/ml, which decreased significantly compared with those before treatment （PRA （2.23±0.13） ng.ml^-1.h^-1, All （155.18±19.13） pg/ml, ALD （405.31±29.88） pg/ml, t=4.67-14.23, P 〈0.01 ）, also lower than those of control group 20 days after the treatment （PRA （2.02±0.11） ng.ml^-1.h^-1, All （162.21±15.32） pg/ml, ALD （401.20±35.02） pg/ml, t=4.97-15.61, P 〈0.01）; renal blood flow was （175.15±28.20） ml/min, which increased compared with that before the treatment （（125.68±21.25） ml/min） and was higher than that of control group 20 days after the treatment （（128.59±23.15） ml/min, t=4.78, 4.61, P 〈0.01）. Renal damage occurred in 2 cases （5%） in ozone therapy group, less than that in control group （9 cases, 21%） （X^2=5.295, P 〈0.05）. Thirty-three cases （77%） in ozone therapy group vs. 16 cases （38%） in control group survived （X^2=12.993, P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusions Basic treatment plus medical ozone therapy for patients with chronic severe hepatitis could decrease PRA, All and ALD levels significantly increase renal blood flow, prevent renal damage to certain extent and improve survival rate of the patients.展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of norepinephrine(NE)on renal cortical and medullary blood flow in atherosclerotic rabbits without renal artery stenosis.Methods Atherosclerosis was induced in...Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of norepinephrine(NE)on renal cortical and medullary blood flow in atherosclerotic rabbits without renal artery stenosis.Methods Atherosclerosis was induced in 21 New Zealand white rabbits by feeding them a cholesterol-rich diet for 16 weeks.Thirteen healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly selected as controls.After atherosclerosis induction,standard ultrasonography was performed to confirm that there was no plaque or accelerated flow at the origin of the renal artery.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)was performed at baseline and during intravenous injection of NE.The degree of contrast enhancement of renal cortex and medulla after the injection of contrast agents was quantified by calculating the enhanced intensity.Results The serum nitric oxide(NO)level in atherosclerotic rabbits was higher than that in healthy rabbits(299.6±152 vs.136.5±49.5,P<0.001).The infusion of NE induced a significant increase in the systolic blood pressure(112±14 mmHg vs.84±9 mmHg,P=0.016)and a significant decrease in the enhanced intensity in renal cortex(17.78±2.07 dB vs.21.19±2.03 dB,P<0.001)and renal medulla(14.87±1.82 dB vs.17.14±1.89 dB,P<0.001)during CEUS.However,the enhanced intensity in the cortex and medulla of healthy rabbits after NE infusion showed no significant difference from that at baseline.Conclusion NE may reduce renal cortical and medullary blood flow in atherosclerotic rabbits without renal artery stenosis,partly by reducing the serum NO level.展开更多
Background and aims:Effective hepatic blood flow(EHBF)decreases with liver disease progression,and identifying liver pathology is critical for patients with liver disease.This study was designed to elucidate the corre...Background and aims:Effective hepatic blood flow(EHBF)decreases with liver disease progression,and identifying liver pathology is critical for patients with liver disease.This study was designed to elucidate the correlation between EHBF and liver pathology and explore the potential of EHBF for predicting the degree of liver pathology.Methods:In this study,207 patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)who underwent liver biopsy and indocyanine green(ICG)clearance tests were enrolled.EHBF was measured using the ICG clearance test,and liver tissue was histologically analyzed to determine the pathological stage according to the Scheuer scoring system.Demographic data,biochemical indexes,and FibroScan data were collected for statistical analysis.Results:EHBF levels decreased as the liver histological stages of inflammation and fibrosis increased(P<0.01).EHBF was significantly negatively associated with the levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase,alkaline phosphatase,aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index,fibrosis index based on the four factors,and liver stiffness measurement(P<0.05).The EHBF levels of patients without liver inflammation(G0)were significantly higher than those of patients with liver inflammation(G1e4)(P<0.001).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)value for discriminating patients without liver inflammation was 0.827,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.936 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients with severe liver inflammation(G4)were significantly lower than those of patients with G0e3 liver inflammation(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients with severe liver inflammation was 0.792,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.552 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients without liver fibrosis(S0)were significantly higher than those of patients with liver fibrosis(S1e4)(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients without liver fibrosis was 0.633,and the optimal cutoff value was 1.173 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients with liver cirrhosis(S4)were significantly lower than those of patients with S0e3 liver fibrosis(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients with liver cirrhosis(S4)was 0.630,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.562 L/min.Conclusions:EHBF levels and liver pathology are significantly correlated.EHBF could effectively reflect liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients infected with HBV,especially for patients without liver inflammation or liver fibrosis.展开更多
The electroosmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a microchannel bounded by two parallel porous plates undergoing periodic vibration is studied. The equations for conservation of linear and angular momentums and Gauss...The electroosmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a microchannel bounded by two parallel porous plates undergoing periodic vibration is studied. The equations for conservation of linear and angular momentums and Gauss＇s law of charge distribution are solved within the framework of the Debye-Hückel approximation. The fluid velocity and microrotation are assumed to depend linearly on the Reynolds number. The study shows that the amplitude of microrotation is highly sensitive to the changes in the magnitude of the suction velocity and the width of the microchannel. An increase in the micropolar parameter gives rise to a decrease in the amplitude of microrotation. Numerical estimates reveal that the microrotation of the suspended microelements in blood also plays an important role in controlling the electro-osmotically actuated flow dynamics in microbio-fluidic devices.展开更多
Aim: Whole body vibration (WBV) is thought to improve blood flow and autonomic balance and thereby induce a relaxation effect, which suggests its use for stress management. However, the relaxation effect of WBV traini...Aim: Whole body vibration (WBV) is thought to improve blood flow and autonomic balance and thereby induce a relaxation effect, which suggests its use for stress management. However, the relaxation effect of WBV training has not been objectively evaluated thus far. The purpose of this study was to determine the biological response to WBV training by measuring peripheral blood flow and salivary components using non-invasive techniques. Methods: Participants included 10 healthy volunteers (7 men, 3 women;mean age 33.8 ± 2.3) who provided oral consent and served as their own control. Each participant performed 15 types of stretching exercises for 10.5 min on the Power Plate? and cutaneous blood flow and salivary components were measured before and after the exercise. One week later, all participants performed the same exercise regimen for 10.5 min on a non-vibratory plate, and blood flow measurement and salivary tests were performed in a similar manner. Cutaneous blood flow was measured in the 4th digit for 1 min using the laser speckle flowgraphy. Saliva samples were evaluated for cortisol levels and α-amylase activity. To determine the effects of stretching exercises on the Power Plate? vs a non-vibratory plate, the differences in pre- and post-exercise peripheral blood flow, salivary cortisol levels, and salivary α-amylase activity were statistically evaluated by the t-test. Results: Mean blood flow before and after the exercise on the Power Plate? was 122.0 ± 54.2 and 156.7 ± 51.2, respectively;on a non-vibratory plate, blood flow was 136.6 ± 47.9 and 146.3 ± 38.3, respectively. The differences in pre-exercise and post-exercise values of the two training methods were not significant (p = 0.215). Mean cortisol levels before and after the exercise on the Power Plate? were 266.6 ± 125 and 204.9 ± 61.6, respectively;on a non-vibratory plate, the levels were 439.0 ± 121.7 and 425.8 ± 118.8, respectively. The differences in pre-exercise and post-exercise values of the two training methods were not significant (p = 0.384). Mean α-amylase activity before and after the exercise on the Power Plate? was 3.74 ± 2.89 and 5.40 ± 3.76, respectively;on a non-vibratory plate, the activity was 3.95 ± 2.23 and 3.28 ± 1.73. The differences in pre-exercise and post-exercise values of the two training methods were not significant (p = 0.115). Conclusion: Our results showed that a brief WBV training increased peripheral blood flow, reduced cortisol levels, and increased α-amylase activity. WBV appears to regulate autonomic activity, in particular, suppress sympathetic activity and improve bodily functions. Thus WBV exercise may be conductive for stress management, but further investigation is warranted to determine the optimal duration of WBV training for stress relief.展开更多
Background: Previous studies have shown that reduced renal plasma flow (RPF) may play a role in progression of renal disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Tolvaptan, a vasopressin 2 antagoni...Background: Previous studies have shown that reduced renal plasma flow (RPF) may play a role in progression of renal disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Tolvaptan, a vasopressin 2 antagonist, reduces growth of total kidney volume and slows the decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in ADPKD. The purpose of this randomized, cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to investigate if acute tolvaptan treatment increases RPF in ADPKD patients. Methods: Eighteen ADPKD patients (chronic kidney disease stages I-III) were investigated twice (min. 10 days apart) after acute treatment with either tolvaptan 60 mg or placebo. Two hours after treatment RPF and GFR were estimated by Technetium-99m diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (99-mTc-DTPA) renography. During the examination day, central and brachial blood pressures (BP) were measured using Mobil-O-Graph? PWA. We also measured plasma concentrations of vasopressin (p-AVP), renin (PRC), angiotensin II (p-AngII) and aldosterone (p-Aldo), urine excretion of aquaporin 2 (u-AQP2), urine output (OU), urine osmolality (u-Osm) and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa). Results: 99-mTc-DTPA renography showed a similar RPF (673 ± 262 ml/min after tolvaptan vs. 650 ± 209 ml/min after placebo, p = 0.571) and GFR (78 ± 26 ml/min after tolvaptan vs. 79 ± 21 ml/min after placebo p = 0.774) after tolvaptan and placebo treatment. P-AVP and UO increased and u-Osm decreased after tolvaptan and remained unchanged during placebo. Systolic BP tended to decrease during renography during tolvaptan. Very small or insignificant changes were seen in PRC, p-AngII and p-Aldo. Conclusions: Acute tolvaptan treatment did not change renal hemodynamics in ADPKD.展开更多
Objective To explore effects of decompressive craniectomy on cerebral blood flow volume and brain metabolism in different aged patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods 71 cases were divided into three grou...Objective To explore effects of decompressive craniectomy on cerebral blood flow volume and brain metabolism in different aged patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods 71 cases were divided into three groups according age: group A( 【 30 years) ,group B ( 30 ～ 50 years) 。展开更多
目的:探究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因修饰大鼠羊膜间充质干细胞对肾病综合征大鼠血液生化指标的影响。方法:选取60只雄性大鼠,随机分为4组,各15例,分别为对照组(健康)、模型组(肾病综合征)、治疗1组(羊膜间充质干细胞悬液)、治疗2组(V...目的:探究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因修饰大鼠羊膜间充质干细胞对肾病综合征大鼠血液生化指标的影响。方法:选取60只雄性大鼠,随机分为4组,各15例,分别为对照组(健康)、模型组(肾病综合征)、治疗1组(羊膜间充质干细胞悬液)、治疗2组(VEGF基因修饰羊膜间充质干细胞悬液)。观察4组肾组织病理形态学及羊膜间充质干细胞存活、分布情况,并比较尿肌酐(SCr)、血尿素(BU)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h UTP)、阻力指数(RI)、舒张期末期流速(EDV)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)及肾组织VEGF相关表达。结果:对照组大鼠肾组织具有完整清晰结构,模型组大鼠肾组肾小球表现为肿胀,肾小球内存在较多细胞,系膜区明显增宽,系膜细胞及基质中到重度增生;相较于模型组,各治疗组病理改变均较轻,各治疗组病理改变程度均较模型组轻,其中治疗1组病理改变较治疗2组病理改变明显;对照组及模型组大鼠肾组织均未见荧光细胞;治疗1组、治疗2组大鼠肾组织均可见红色荧光的阳性细胞,且仅可见于肾间质及小管内,在肾小球中未见其表达。与治疗1组比较,治疗2组阳性细胞较多;与对照组比较,模型组SCr、BU、24 h UTP、TC、TG、LDL、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均明显升高(P<0.05),治疗1组、治疗2组SCr、BU、24 h UTP、TC、TG、LDL、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均较模型组明显降低,且治疗2组最低(P<0.05);与对照组比较,模型组RI明显升高,PSV、EDV明显下降(P<0.05),治疗1组、治疗2组PSV、EDV均较模型组显著升高,RI水平较模型组显著降低,且治疗2组RI最低,PSV、EDV最高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,模型组肾组织中VEGF蛋白及mRNA表达均明显下降(P<0.05),治疗1组、治疗2组肾组织中VEGF蛋白及mRNA表达均较模型组显著升高,且治疗2组最高(P<0.05)。结论:经VEGF基因修饰的羊膜间充质干细胞移植治疗,可显著改善肾病综合征大鼠血脂水平、微炎症状态、肾功能及肾动脉血流,效果更为显著,可为肾病综合征细胞移植治疗提供有力依据。展开更多
文摘Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were measured by SPECT in 172 patients (192 times) with renal impairment due to various diseases and also in 18 normal controls. The results suggest that GFR and ERPF are sensitive and efficient renal function indicators in monitoring the change of the disease and assessing therapeutic effect. However, they should be checked carefully because of many factors affect the resutls of the measurement.
文摘Background Medical ozone therapy system was reported to have certain effects on the treatment of severe hepatitis, but its mechanism is not very clear. One of the causes of death of severe hepatitis is complication of renal damage or hepatorenal syndrome. The present study aimed to observe effects of medical ozone therapy system on plasma renin activity （PRA）, angiotensin II （All）, aldosterone （ALD）, renal blood flow and renal function of patients with chronic severe hepatitis and explore mechanisms of medical ozone therapy in the treatment of severe hepatitis. Methods Eighty-five cases with chronic severe hepatitis were randomly divided into ozone therapy group （43 cases） and control group （42 cases）. The patients in the ozone therapy group were treated with basic treatments plus ozone therapy system. Basic autohemotherapy was used. One hundred milliliter venous blood was drawn from each patient, and was mixed with 100 ml （35 pg/ml） medical ozone and then was returned the blood to the patient intravenously, once every other day for 20 days. Only the basic treatments were given to the control group. PRA, All, ALD, renal blood flow and damage to renal function of the two groups before treatment and 20 days after treatment were compared. Survival rates were also compared. Results Twenty days after the treatment, in ozone therapy group, PRA was （1.31±0.12） ng.m^-1.h^1, All （111.25±17.35） pg/ml, ALD （251.31±22.60） pg/ml, which decreased significantly compared with those before treatment （PRA （2.23±0.13） ng.ml^-1.h^-1, All （155.18±19.13） pg/ml, ALD （405.31±29.88） pg/ml, t=4.67-14.23, P 〈0.01 ）, also lower than those of control group 20 days after the treatment （PRA （2.02±0.11） ng.ml^-1.h^-1, All （162.21±15.32） pg/ml, ALD （401.20±35.02） pg/ml, t=4.97-15.61, P 〈0.01）; renal blood flow was （175.15±28.20） ml/min, which increased compared with that before the treatment （（125.68±21.25） ml/min） and was higher than that of control group 20 days after the treatment （（128.59±23.15） ml/min, t=4.78, 4.61, P 〈0.01）. Renal damage occurred in 2 cases （5%） in ozone therapy group, less than that in control group （9 cases, 21%） （X^2=5.295, P 〈0.05）. Thirty-three cases （77%） in ozone therapy group vs. 16 cases （38%） in control group survived （X^2=12.993, P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusions Basic treatment plus medical ozone therapy for patients with chronic severe hepatitis could decrease PRA, All and ALD levels significantly increase renal blood flow, prevent renal damage to certain extent and improve survival rate of the patients.
基金supported by grants from Health and Family Planning Commission Foundation of Hubei Province(No.WJ2017M080)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81601507).
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of norepinephrine(NE)on renal cortical and medullary blood flow in atherosclerotic rabbits without renal artery stenosis.Methods Atherosclerosis was induced in 21 New Zealand white rabbits by feeding them a cholesterol-rich diet for 16 weeks.Thirteen healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly selected as controls.After atherosclerosis induction,standard ultrasonography was performed to confirm that there was no plaque or accelerated flow at the origin of the renal artery.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)was performed at baseline and during intravenous injection of NE.The degree of contrast enhancement of renal cortex and medulla after the injection of contrast agents was quantified by calculating the enhanced intensity.Results The serum nitric oxide(NO)level in atherosclerotic rabbits was higher than that in healthy rabbits(299.6±152 vs.136.5±49.5,P<0.001).The infusion of NE induced a significant increase in the systolic blood pressure(112±14 mmHg vs.84±9 mmHg,P=0.016)and a significant decrease in the enhanced intensity in renal cortex(17.78±2.07 dB vs.21.19±2.03 dB,P<0.001)and renal medulla(14.87±1.82 dB vs.17.14±1.89 dB,P<0.001)during CEUS.However,the enhanced intensity in the cortex and medulla of healthy rabbits after NE infusion showed no significant difference from that at baseline.Conclusion NE may reduce renal cortical and medullary blood flow in atherosclerotic rabbits without renal artery stenosis,partly by reducing the serum NO level.
基金This work was supported by the Science and Technology Pro-gram of Guangzhou,China(No.202002030044).
文摘Background and aims:Effective hepatic blood flow(EHBF)decreases with liver disease progression,and identifying liver pathology is critical for patients with liver disease.This study was designed to elucidate the correlation between EHBF and liver pathology and explore the potential of EHBF for predicting the degree of liver pathology.Methods:In this study,207 patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)who underwent liver biopsy and indocyanine green(ICG)clearance tests were enrolled.EHBF was measured using the ICG clearance test,and liver tissue was histologically analyzed to determine the pathological stage according to the Scheuer scoring system.Demographic data,biochemical indexes,and FibroScan data were collected for statistical analysis.Results:EHBF levels decreased as the liver histological stages of inflammation and fibrosis increased(P<0.01).EHBF was significantly negatively associated with the levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase,alkaline phosphatase,aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index,fibrosis index based on the four factors,and liver stiffness measurement(P<0.05).The EHBF levels of patients without liver inflammation(G0)were significantly higher than those of patients with liver inflammation(G1e4)(P<0.001).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)value for discriminating patients without liver inflammation was 0.827,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.936 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients with severe liver inflammation(G4)were significantly lower than those of patients with G0e3 liver inflammation(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients with severe liver inflammation was 0.792,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.552 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients without liver fibrosis(S0)were significantly higher than those of patients with liver fibrosis(S1e4)(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients without liver fibrosis was 0.633,and the optimal cutoff value was 1.173 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients with liver cirrhosis(S4)were significantly lower than those of patients with S0e3 liver fibrosis(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients with liver cirrhosis(S4)was 0.630,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.562 L/min.Conclusions:EHBF levels and liver pathology are significantly correlated.EHBF could effectively reflect liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients infected with HBV,especially for patients without liver inflammation or liver fibrosis.
文摘The electroosmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a microchannel bounded by two parallel porous plates undergoing periodic vibration is studied. The equations for conservation of linear and angular momentums and Gauss＇s law of charge distribution are solved within the framework of the Debye-Hückel approximation. The fluid velocity and microrotation are assumed to depend linearly on the Reynolds number. The study shows that the amplitude of microrotation is highly sensitive to the changes in the magnitude of the suction velocity and the width of the microchannel. An increase in the micropolar parameter gives rise to a decrease in the amplitude of microrotation. Numerical estimates reveal that the microrotation of the suspended microelements in blood also plays an important role in controlling the electro-osmotically actuated flow dynamics in microbio-fluidic devices.
文摘Aim: Whole body vibration (WBV) is thought to improve blood flow and autonomic balance and thereby induce a relaxation effect, which suggests its use for stress management. However, the relaxation effect of WBV training has not been objectively evaluated thus far. The purpose of this study was to determine the biological response to WBV training by measuring peripheral blood flow and salivary components using non-invasive techniques. Methods: Participants included 10 healthy volunteers (7 men, 3 women;mean age 33.8 ± 2.3) who provided oral consent and served as their own control. Each participant performed 15 types of stretching exercises for 10.5 min on the Power Plate? and cutaneous blood flow and salivary components were measured before and after the exercise. One week later, all participants performed the same exercise regimen for 10.5 min on a non-vibratory plate, and blood flow measurement and salivary tests were performed in a similar manner. Cutaneous blood flow was measured in the 4th digit for 1 min using the laser speckle flowgraphy. Saliva samples were evaluated for cortisol levels and α-amylase activity. To determine the effects of stretching exercises on the Power Plate? vs a non-vibratory plate, the differences in pre- and post-exercise peripheral blood flow, salivary cortisol levels, and salivary α-amylase activity were statistically evaluated by the t-test. Results: Mean blood flow before and after the exercise on the Power Plate? was 122.0 ± 54.2 and 156.7 ± 51.2, respectively;on a non-vibratory plate, blood flow was 136.6 ± 47.9 and 146.3 ± 38.3, respectively. The differences in pre-exercise and post-exercise values of the two training methods were not significant (p = 0.215). Mean cortisol levels before and after the exercise on the Power Plate? were 266.6 ± 125 and 204.9 ± 61.6, respectively;on a non-vibratory plate, the levels were 439.0 ± 121.7 and 425.8 ± 118.8, respectively. The differences in pre-exercise and post-exercise values of the two training methods were not significant (p = 0.384). Mean α-amylase activity before and after the exercise on the Power Plate? was 3.74 ± 2.89 and 5.40 ± 3.76, respectively;on a non-vibratory plate, the activity was 3.95 ± 2.23 and 3.28 ± 1.73. The differences in pre-exercise and post-exercise values of the two training methods were not significant (p = 0.115). Conclusion: Our results showed that a brief WBV training increased peripheral blood flow, reduced cortisol levels, and increased α-amylase activity. WBV appears to regulate autonomic activity, in particular, suppress sympathetic activity and improve bodily functions. Thus WBV exercise may be conductive for stress management, but further investigation is warranted to determine the optimal duration of WBV training for stress relief.
文摘Background: Previous studies have shown that reduced renal plasma flow (RPF) may play a role in progression of renal disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Tolvaptan, a vasopressin 2 antagonist, reduces growth of total kidney volume and slows the decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in ADPKD. The purpose of this randomized, cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to investigate if acute tolvaptan treatment increases RPF in ADPKD patients. Methods: Eighteen ADPKD patients (chronic kidney disease stages I-III) were investigated twice (min. 10 days apart) after acute treatment with either tolvaptan 60 mg or placebo. Two hours after treatment RPF and GFR were estimated by Technetium-99m diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (99-mTc-DTPA) renography. During the examination day, central and brachial blood pressures (BP) were measured using Mobil-O-Graph? PWA. We also measured plasma concentrations of vasopressin (p-AVP), renin (PRC), angiotensin II (p-AngII) and aldosterone (p-Aldo), urine excretion of aquaporin 2 (u-AQP2), urine output (OU), urine osmolality (u-Osm) and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa). Results: 99-mTc-DTPA renography showed a similar RPF (673 ± 262 ml/min after tolvaptan vs. 650 ± 209 ml/min after placebo, p = 0.571) and GFR (78 ± 26 ml/min after tolvaptan vs. 79 ± 21 ml/min after placebo p = 0.774) after tolvaptan and placebo treatment. P-AVP and UO increased and u-Osm decreased after tolvaptan and remained unchanged during placebo. Systolic BP tended to decrease during renography during tolvaptan. Very small or insignificant changes were seen in PRC, p-AngII and p-Aldo. Conclusions: Acute tolvaptan treatment did not change renal hemodynamics in ADPKD.
文摘Objective To explore effects of decompressive craniectomy on cerebral blood flow volume and brain metabolism in different aged patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods 71 cases were divided into three groups according age: group A( 【 30 years) ,group B ( 30 ～ 50 years) 。
文摘目的探讨肾小管及肾小球相关标志物在2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者不同肾损伤阶段的诊断价值。方法选取于2018年4月1日至2019年10月31日入住首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院内分泌科的T2DM患者272例,完善临床生化指标及尿蛋白四项:尿微量白蛋白/肌酐(urinary albumin to creatinine ratio,ACR)、α1-微球蛋白/肌酐(urinary α1-microglobulin to creatinine ratio,UA1CR)、免疫球蛋白G/肌酐(urinary immunoglobulin G to creatinine ratio,UIGG)、转铁蛋白/肌酐(urinary transferrin to creatinine ratio,UTRF);进行眼底照相、核医学99mTc-EC检测肾有效血浆流量(effective renal plasma flow,ERPF)和99mTc-DTPA检测肾小球滤过率(glomerular filtration rate,GFR)。根据ACR和眼底检查结果分为4组:正常蛋白尿无糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)132例,即对照组(ACR≤30 mg/g);正常蛋白尿合并DR 32例,为糖尿病肾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)前期组;微量蛋白尿组78例(30<ACR≤300 mg/g)和大量蛋白尿组30例(ACR>300 mg/g)。比较四组间尿蛋白四项和ERPF、GFR的水平,通过受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评价上述各指标在不同肾损伤阶段的诊断价值。结果尿蛋白四项和ERPF、GFR的水平在不同组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在尿蛋白正常组中,DR组中肾小管功能标志物UA1CR较对照组明显升高(P<0.01);肾小球功能标志物ACR、UTRF和GFR在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),DR组UIGG较对照组升高(P<0.01)。在微量蛋白尿组和大量蛋白尿组,尿蛋白四项随肾损伤程度增加而增加,而ERPF和GFR随肾损伤程度增加而降低。ROC曲线分析显示,在尿蛋白排出正常的T2DM患者中合并DR组中肾小管功能标志物UA1CR和ERPF的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为68.2%(P<0.01)和60.5%(P<0.05),而肾小球功能标志物ACR和GFR的AUC均小于60%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。尿蛋白四项及GFR在微量和大量蛋白尿组的AUC均大于60%(P<0.05),ERPF在大量蛋白尿组AUC为67.2%(P<0.05)。结论T2DM极早期微血管改变即ACR正常仅有DR时,肾小管标志物UA1CR先于肾小球标志物ACR和GFR发生变化。肾损伤早期,肾小管标志物诊断效能优于肾小球;肾损伤后期,肾小球标志物诊断效能优于肾小管。提示DKD肾小管功能的改变可能早于肾小球。
文摘目的:探究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因修饰大鼠羊膜间充质干细胞对肾病综合征大鼠血液生化指标的影响。方法:选取60只雄性大鼠,随机分为4组,各15例,分别为对照组(健康)、模型组(肾病综合征)、治疗1组(羊膜间充质干细胞悬液)、治疗2组(VEGF基因修饰羊膜间充质干细胞悬液)。观察4组肾组织病理形态学及羊膜间充质干细胞存活、分布情况,并比较尿肌酐(SCr)、血尿素(BU)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h UTP)、阻力指数(RI)、舒张期末期流速(EDV)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)及肾组织VEGF相关表达。结果:对照组大鼠肾组织具有完整清晰结构,模型组大鼠肾组肾小球表现为肿胀,肾小球内存在较多细胞,系膜区明显增宽,系膜细胞及基质中到重度增生;相较于模型组,各治疗组病理改变均较轻,各治疗组病理改变程度均较模型组轻,其中治疗1组病理改变较治疗2组病理改变明显;对照组及模型组大鼠肾组织均未见荧光细胞;治疗1组、治疗2组大鼠肾组织均可见红色荧光的阳性细胞,且仅可见于肾间质及小管内,在肾小球中未见其表达。与治疗1组比较,治疗2组阳性细胞较多;与对照组比较,模型组SCr、BU、24 h UTP、TC、TG、LDL、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均明显升高(P<0.05),治疗1组、治疗2组SCr、BU、24 h UTP、TC、TG、LDL、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均较模型组明显降低,且治疗2组最低(P<0.05);与对照组比较,模型组RI明显升高,PSV、EDV明显下降(P<0.05),治疗1组、治疗2组PSV、EDV均较模型组显著升高,RI水平较模型组显著降低,且治疗2组RI最低,PSV、EDV最高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,模型组肾组织中VEGF蛋白及mRNA表达均明显下降(P<0.05),治疗1组、治疗2组肾组织中VEGF蛋白及mRNA表达均较模型组显著升高,且治疗2组最高(P<0.05)。结论:经VEGF基因修饰的羊膜间充质干细胞移植治疗,可显著改善肾病综合征大鼠血脂水平、微炎症状态、肾功能及肾动脉血流,效果更为显著,可为肾病综合征细胞移植治疗提供有力依据。
