Exploring the Application Effect of Flipped Classroom Combined with Problem-Based Learning Teaching Method in Clinical Skills Teaching of Standardized Training for Resident Doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.

Humanistic Spirit Contained in Traditional Chinese Medicine should Be Valued

Medicine is a science studying human's health and diseases as well as the regularity between them. Its research subject is human, who possess natural attribute, psychological attribute and social attribute. Therefore, medicine is bound to possess humanistic attribute. Rooted in Chinese traditional culture, Traditional Chinese Medicine contains abundant humanistic thoughts, for instance, pursuing the unity of human and nature, advocating the vital importance of life, sticking to the virtue of "medicine being humane art", abiding by the principle of "Benevolence prior to interest", complying with the medical rule of "Respecting peers". These are the very concrete reflections of medical humanistic spirit. In this article we aim to explore the humanistic thoughts contained in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and try to inherit and carry forward the spirit to better relieve the tensions between doctors and patients and improve the quality of medical services.

Herbal medicine prescribing patterns from contemporary famous old TCM doctors for treating coronary heart disease: an analysis based on data mining

To analyze the herbal medicine prescribing patterns of contemporary famous old traditional Chinese medicine doctors in treating coronary heart disease,based on data mining technology,so as to provide useful insights into the clinical practice.Methods:Databases,including Medline(January 1966 to December 2019),Wanfang(January 1982 to December 2019),VIP Database(January 1989 to December 2019),CNKI(January 1979 to December 2019),CBMdisc(January 1978 to December 2019),and Classic Case Collection from Contemporary Famous Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctors were searched,and 224 eligible studies involving 416 patients were entered into the case study database after data processing.Frequency analysis and association rule analysis were used to investigate the prescribing patterns of contemporary famous old traditional Chinese medicine doctors in treating coronary heart disease.Results:In total 290 kinds of Chinese herbal drugs and 19 core drugs were used in the cases studied.The most commonly used categories were“Qi-Tonifying Drugs”,“Blood-Activating Drugs”,and“Phlegm-Eliminating Drugs”.The association rule analysis identified 14 commonly used herbal pairs,19 three-drug combinations,and 1 four-drug combination.Conclusion:Contemporary famous old traditional Chinese medicine doctors considered warming heart yang as an extremely important approach to treat coronary heart disease based on Zhang Zhongjing’s treatment for chest painful obstruction caused by“Inactivity of Chest Yang”(blockade of phlegm turbidity).Both symptoms and root causes were addressed in the formulas prescribed by these doctors.“Tonifying Qi,Nourishing Yin,Activating Blood,and Eliminating Phlegm”were the most commonly used therapeutic methods for patients with coronary heart disease.

张婷婷治疗子宫腺肌症痛证经验

子宫腺肌症的发病率逐年上升,其治疗是临床的难点。张婷婷教授治疗子宫腺肌症痛证,根据“瘀阻于内,不通则痛”的基本病机,口服汤剂采用“柴芍方”以疏肝行气、活血止痛;“红藤方”以清热凉血、散瘀止痛;“清瘀温通方”以寒温并用、化瘀止痛;“扶正祛瘀方”以益气扶正、祛瘀止痛。张婷婷临证还结合灌肠、足浴的方法,内外合治,长期管理患者,效果显著。

王柏枝“肝肾同治”思想在阴茎勃起功能障碍诊治中的应用

阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)发病机制复杂,不但是男性普遍存在的性健康问题,而且还是一个社会问题。王柏枝认为ED病情有急缓之分,病位有肝肾之别。以肾为本、肝为标,并有湿、痰、瘀夹杂其中,或有阴虚,或有内热。ED急发常责之于肝,有肝气郁结,肝经湿热,肝肾亏虚,常用疏肝理气之逍遥散、清肝利湿之龙胆泻肝汤、滋阴养肝之滋水清肝饮等。缓发养肾,自创起痿丸温肾阳、暖命门、补肾精、强宗筋、活血脉、健脾养肝。

孙克伟教授辨证论治肝病的经验探析

孙克伟教授在长期临床诊治中总结发现,多种肝病殊途同归,提出“补脾土,疏肝解郁”“逐湿邪,热无所依”“补先天,解毒袪邪”“调气血,瘀滞得化”“温脾阳,截断逆挽”的学术经验,临床应用效果显著。该文将从以上五法探析孙克伟教授辨证论治肝病经验,旨在为肝病中医诊疗提供参考和借鉴。

国医大师夏桂成论中医女性生殖节律理论的“节”和“律”

分述女性生命中五种节律(昼夜节律、周节律、月节律、年节律、生命节律)特征以及夏桂成教授基于生殖节律理论治疗妇科临床疾病的经验。昼夜节律是生命节律的基本单位,白天活动振奋阳气,夜间安睡静养阴血是最基本的养生准则。七为少阳数,女性的经期常持续7天,阴分充足“锦丝带”(像锦缎一样的阴道分泌物)也可达7天,更有助成孕。月经周期节律上应月下应潮,夏教授提出了经典的四期月经周期节律学说,后为了更好地描述阴阳变化,又将经典的四期分为七期,以更好地指导临床。并附验案1则。

谢德聪治疗妇科痛证临证经验

妇科痛证发生在少腹,以胞宫为中心,为厥阴、少阴、冲任二脉循行部位,责之“不通则痛,不荣则痛”,病因多端,虚实错杂,属于妇科疑难杂症。谢德聪认为治疗妇科痛证,注重病机,明辨虚实,临证重视调肝,养血柔肝,理气止痛,调理冲任。并遵月经生理特点与气血阴阳消长转化分期调治,经前治实,经后补虚,临床疗效显著。其诊疗思路和用药经验颇具特色,有重要的借鉴意义。

浙派中医治疗痛经经验整理

[目的]总结1911年前浙派中医治疗痛经的经验,探究其特色。[方法]对浙派中医古籍文献中有关痛经的论述、病案等进行摘录整理,总结痛经病机及治疗特色。[结果]浙派中医治疗痛经以“气血失调”为主要病机,提倡以寒热虚实为纲的气血辨证法,从月经有无先后失期、经血色量如何、痛在经行前后三方面进行辨证。文献所记载的痛经证型共8种,分别为血气虚证、血虚有滞证、血虚有寒证、血虚有热证、冲任不足证、肝气郁滞证、气滞血瘀证、寒凝血瘀证,以“温通清化、调和血气”为治则。浙派中医发扬命门学说,擅用温药,记载痛经要药10味,分别为凌霄花、白芍、马鞭草、玄胡、京三棱、鹿角、阳起石、白头翁根、莲房、荷叶。[结论]浙派中医治疗痛经从“气血”立论,“温补”“清化”以治本,“调畅气血”为根本,以辨证论治、治病求本为宗。

吕晓东论治肺结节经验撷菁

总结吕晓东教授运用中医药治疗肺结节的临床经验和学术思想。吕晓东教授基于阳化气,阴成形的两个基本生理功能观,考察肺结节的发生、发展的病理环节,认为肺结节形成之机理复杂,病因纷繁,为阴分邪气积聚为肺,但病性基础变化总体以阳虚为关键,病理以气滞痰瘀胶着于肺络为核心。在肺络病的指导原则下,运用扶阳抑阴、通补肺络的手段,恢复阳主阴从,一气周流,肺络调和的生理状态,从而调复肺脏的异常功能状态、消弭肺结节的病理改变,恢复身心健康的目的,临床每获良效,具有推广应用的价值。

从梦与情志的关联探讨张永华情志辨证理论指导下多梦症的治疗经验

[目的]总结张永华教授运用情志辨证理论治疗多梦症的临证经验。[方法]通过整理、回顾、分析张教授治疗多梦症的医案,以梦与情志的关联为基础,从中医病理机制和治则治法等方面,总结归纳张教授应用情志辨证理论治疗多梦症的学术经验,并列举医案一则予以佐证。[结果]张教授治疗多梦症,强调梦境的情志体验重于梦境的内容本身,适宜用情志辨证方法进行辨证治疗,根据梦境的情志体验将多梦症分为思虑型、惊恐型、烦怒型、悲忧型、喜乐型五个基本证型,治疗时谨守“气、痰、火”三大核心病机,施以理气、化痰、清火等治法。所举验案为惊恐型多梦症,主要病机为“痰、火”,治以清火化痰、宁心安神,方选芩连温胆汤为底,随证加减,疗效显著。[结论]张永华教授辨治多梦症基于情志辨证理论,注重梦境中的情志体验,经验独到,临床疗效显著,值得推广应用。

陈华教授从“阴虚瘀热”论治小儿反复呼吸道感染经验总结

[目的]总结陈华教授从“阴虚瘀热”论治小儿反复呼吸道感染的经验。[方法]通过随师临证,总结整理病案资料,阐释陈师治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床经验及方药特色,并通过临床验案加以佐证。[结果]陈师认为,小儿反复呼吸道感染病因为风、痰、瘀、虚,病机为肺脾两虚,痰瘀阻络,迁延不愈,瘀热互结,创新性地提出从“阴虚瘀热”辨治小儿反复呼吸道感染,总结出重视风邪,祛风解表;三因制宜,滋阴清瘀;详辨虚实,巧用和法;顾护中焦,健运脾胃的诊治经验。验案为反复呼吸道感染患儿,辨为阴虚感冒,兼痰瘀阻滞证,陈师分期论治,滋阴清瘀治法贯穿疾病治疗的中后期,迁延期养阴退热、化痰祛瘀,恢复期养阴退热、健脾益气,疗效显著。[结论]陈师继承浙派中医儿科特色,从“阴虚瘀热”辨治小儿反复呼吸道感染,疗效显著,对指导临床有较高实用价值。

基于评阅意见的中医药院校博士学位论文质量保障的思考与建议

博士学位论文评阅是保障博士学位论文质量的重要手段。本文以浙江中医药大学2022年送审的73篇博士学位论文收到的446份评阅意见为研究对象,通过关键词词频分析等方法,分析中医药院校博士学位论文普遍存在的质量问题,提出改进博士生导师遴选条件及招生指标分配依据、提升博士研究生基本学术规范和科研能力、建立导师组博士生培养模式、重视博士研究生学位论文开题、严格博士学位论文预审、预答辩制度等方面着力保障中医药院校博士学位论文质量。

慢性肾病中医诊疗的传承与创新——西苑医院名老中医学术思想与临床经验

中国中医科学院西苑医院是我国最早开始现代中医肾病系统研究的单位之一。60多年来在多位著名老中医的引领与传承下,深入挖掘中医药治疗肾病的优势,不断吸取现代医学技术,形成了较为完善的中医优势突出的慢性肾病中西医结合防治体系。西苑医院肾病学科名医辈出,临床诊治经验丰富,学术积淀深厚,其中岳美中、方药中、时振声、聂莉芳等名老中医为现代中医肾病学的奠基者和开创者。本文聚焦名老中医对中医肾病学发展的学术贡献,从中医肾病临床诊疗的思路、肾病的辨病与中医病名、肾病证候与治法研究、临证选方用药等方面进行简要介绍。

国医大师周仲瑛守法守方辨治三叉神经痛反复发作案经验管窥

介绍周仲瑛教授辨治三叉神经痛验案1则,患者面部疼痛呈火热感、肿胀不舒,辨病机为风火上炎、痰瘀阻络,治以祛风清热、化痰消瘀,方用牵正散、芎芷石膏汤加减化裁。总结出周老辨治思路为:病机以风火痰瘀为要;治法恒常,随症增减;透析病机,用药精准。前后9年总计4个阶段的治疗均守法守方,体现同一病症核心病机的相对稳定性,据此施治具有可重复性,为中医临床的可实践性提供可靠依据。

中医“通法”治疗双心疾病临床经验

双心疾病是在患有心血管疾病的基础上合并精神心理疾病,目前西医尚无特效治疗方法。中医学认识到“滞”是双心疾病发生的病机关键,即郁瘀痰饮虚五端,虚实夹杂。人体气血津液、经络脏腑以“通”为安,失“通”则病,故治疗立足于“通法”灵活遣方用药,以疏肝理气、活血化瘀、温阳利水通其实滞;以滋阴养血、培元益气补虚通滞,调畅情志法贯穿始终,使气血得通,实邪得去,虚正得补,阴阳和合,疗效显著。

张伯礼教授治疗慢性心力衰竭经验

心力衰竭是大多数心血管疾病的终末阶段,也是主要的死亡原因。张伯礼教授临证数十载,对于治疗慢性心力衰竭具有丰富的临床经验。本文整理张伯礼教授治疗慢性心力衰竭经验,浅析该病的病因病机、遣方用药,以期体悟张伯礼教授在诊疗此病时的中医临床思维。

国医大师王晞星从肝脾肾论治肠易激综合征经验

介绍王晞星教授从肝脾肾三脏论治肠易激综合征的临床经验。认为肠易激综合征系由肝气失于疏泄,横逆乘脾,出现肝脾不和之象,日久可累及肾,致肾中元阴元阳亏虚所致;强调以畅肝木之气机、健中焦之升降、补肾中之阴阳、医养结合以摄身保健为治疗法则,并创制疏肝健脾和胃方和半夏调肠汤辨证论治,疗效显著。并附验案2则。

国医大师周仲瑛从“伏毒”辨治白血病经验

介绍周仲瑛教授运用“伏毒”理论辨治白血病的经验。认为正虚为白血病发病的前提,毒伏营血、戕伤骨髓为白血病的基本病机,余毒不清、正虚毒恋为白血病复发的关键;治疗始终不离“伏毒”病机,将透毒、解毒、托毒法贯穿疾病治疗的始终。并附验案1则。

杭州市基层医疗卫生机构慢性颈肩痛患者社区中医师信任度调查

目的:了解杭州市基层医疗卫生机构慢性颈肩痛患者对社区中医师的信任度及影响因素。方法:采用自制基线调查表、维克森林医师信任度量表中文版、自制满意度量表和长海痛尺表对杭州市3家社区中的244名慢性颈肩痛患者开展信任度调查。用t检验和方差分析比较差异,采用多元线性逐步回归分析信任度得分的影响因素。结果:社区中医师平均信任度得分为(39.59±3.23)分,仁爱维度、技术能力维度得分分别为(19.32±1.96)分、(20.27±1.61分)。多因素分析结果显示,随访是否有效、文化程度、自我健康状况评分、满意度评价、中医体质以及长海痛尺评分影响对医生的信任度。结论:杭州市基层卫生机构慢性颈肩痛患者对社区中医师总体信任度处于较高水平。社区中医师要加强医学人文关怀,积极引导患者参与到诊疗过程中,重视和提高慢性病患者随访时的技术水平和关怀程度。基层医疗卫生机构应当进一步完善诊后随访流程,加大慢性病中医健康管理优势的宣传,树立分级诊疗意识,完善诊疗环境建设,形成医患信任关系的良好循环。