The extended optima straints of miss distance and Schwartz inequality. To reduce guidance law with terminal conmpact angle is derived by the terminal acceleration and eliminate gravity disturbance absolutely, the obje...The extended optima straints of miss distance and Schwartz inequality. To reduce guidance law with terminal conmpact angle is derived by the terminal acceleration and eliminate gravity disturbance absolutely, the object function, which designs the weight of control command to be the power function of time-to-go＇s reciprocal, is given. And the gravity is considered when building the state equation. Based on the parsing express of the guidance command change with varying time and adjoint system analysis method, the command characteristics and the non-dimensional miss distance of the guidance law are analyzed, a design principle of guidance order coefficients is discussed. Finally, based on the requirement of engineering, the method to calculate the guidance condition and maximal required acceleration of the guidance law is given. The simulation demonstrates that not only the guidance law can satisfy the terminal position and impact angle constraints, but also the terminal acceleration can be converged toward zero, which will support a good situation for the terminal angle of attacking control.展开更多
We conducted a study in Komto Forest in East WoUega Zone, Oromia National Regional State, West Ethiopia for determining vegetation structure and regeneration status in this forest. We systematically sampled 53 quadra...We conducted a study in Komto Forest in East WoUega Zone, Oromia National Regional State, West Ethiopia for determining vegetation structure and regeneration status in this forest. We systematically sampled 53 quadrats （20 m ×20 m） along line transects radiating from the peak of Komto Mountain in eight directions. Vegetation parameters such as DBH, height, seedling and sapling density of woody species, and location and altitude of each quadrat were recorded. In total, 103 woody plant species of 87 genera and 45 families were identified. Analysis of selected tree species revealed different population structures. Generally, the forest was dominated by small trees and shrubs characteristic of secondary regeneration. Observations on the regeneration of the forest indicated that there are woody species that require urgent conservation measures. Based on the results of this study, we recommend detailed ecological studies of various environmental factors such as soil type and properties, and ethnobotanical studies to explore indigenous knowledge on uses of plants.展开更多
Summary： Poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase-1 （PARP-1） inhibitors and histone deacetylase （HDAC） in- hibitors have recently emerged as promising anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect o...Summary： Poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase-1 （PARP-1） inhibitors and histone deacetylase （HDAC） in- hibitors have recently emerged as promising anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combination treatment with the PARP inhibitor P J34 and HDAC inhibitor SAHA on the proliferation of liver cancer cells. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed in three human liver cancer cell lines （HepG2, Hep3B and HCC-LM3） treated with PJ34 （8 μmol/L） and SAHA （1 panol/L）, alone or combined, by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The nude mice bear- ing subcutaneous HepG2 tumors were administered different groups of drugs （10 mg/kg PJ34, 25 mg/kg SAHA, 10 mg/kg PJ34＋25 mg/kg SAHA）, and the inhibition rates of tumor growth were compared between groups. The results showed that combined use of P J34 and SAHA could synergistically inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cell lines HepG2, Hep3B and HCC-LM3. The apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells treated with PJ34＋SAHA was significantly higher than that of HepG2 cells treated with PJ34 or SAHA alone （P〈0.05）. In vivo, the tumor inhibition rates were 53.5%, 61.4% and 82.6% in PJ34, SAHA and PJ34＋SAHA groups, respectively. The combined use of PJ34 and SAHA could significantly inhibit the xenograft tumor growth when compared with use of P J34 or SAHA alone （P〈0.05）. It was led to conclude that P J34 and SAHA can synergistically suppress the proliferation of liver cancer cells.展开更多
Summary： Endothelial dysfunction induced by intermittent hypoxia （IH） participates in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS）-associated cardiovascular disorders. Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 （My...Summary： Endothelial dysfunction induced by intermittent hypoxia （IH） participates in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS）-associated cardiovascular disorders. Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 （MyD88） and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 （TRAF6） regulate nu- merous downstream adaptors like mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPKs） and the subsequent oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. This study aimed to characterize the role of MyD88/TRAF6 in IH-treated cell function and its associated signaling. Human umbilical vein endo- thelial cells （HUVECs） were randomly exposed to IH or normoxia for 0, 2, 4 and 6 h. Western blot- ting was used to detect the expression pattern of target gene proteins [angiotensin 1 receptor （AT1R）, p-ERK1/2, p-p38MAPK, MyD88 and TRAF6], and the relationships among these target genes down-regulated by the corresponding inhibitors were studied. Finally, the influence of these target genes on proliferation of HUVECs was also assessed by EdU analysis. Protein levels of AT1R, TRAF6 and p-ERK1/2 were increased after IH exposure, with a slight rise in MyD88 and a dynamic change in p-p38MAPK. The down-regulation of TRAF6 by siRNA reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation during IH without any effects on ATIR. Blockade of AT1R with valsartan decreased TRAF6 and p-ERK1/2 protein expression after IH exposure. ERK1/2 inhibition with PD98059 suppressed only AT1R expression. IH promoted HUVECs proliferation, which was significantly suppressed by the in- hibition of TRAF6, AT1R and ERK1/2. The findings demonstrate that TRAF6 regulates the prolifera- tion of HUVECs exposed to short-term IH by modulating cell signaling involving ERK1/2 down- stream of AT1R. Targeting the AT1R-TRAF6-p-ERK1/2 signaling pathway might be helpful in re- storing endothelial function.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50875024)
文摘The extended optima straints of miss distance and Schwartz inequality. To reduce guidance law with terminal conmpact angle is derived by the terminal acceleration and eliminate gravity disturbance absolutely, the object function, which designs the weight of control command to be the power function of time-to-go＇s reciprocal, is given. And the gravity is considered when building the state equation. Based on the parsing express of the guidance command change with varying time and adjoint system analysis method, the command characteristics and the non-dimensional miss distance of the guidance law are analyzed, a design principle of guidance order coefficients is discussed. Finally, based on the requirement of engineering, the method to calculate the guidance condition and maximal required acceleration of the guidance law is given. The simulation demonstrates that not only the guidance law can satisfy the terminal position and impact angle constraints, but also the terminal acceleration can be converged toward zero, which will support a good situation for the terminal angle of attacking control.
文摘We conducted a study in Komto Forest in East WoUega Zone, Oromia National Regional State, West Ethiopia for determining vegetation structure and regeneration status in this forest. We systematically sampled 53 quadrats （20 m ×20 m） along line transects radiating from the peak of Komto Mountain in eight directions. Vegetation parameters such as DBH, height, seedling and sapling density of woody species, and location and altitude of each quadrat were recorded. In total, 103 woody plant species of 87 genera and 45 families were identified. Analysis of selected tree species revealed different population structures. Generally, the forest was dominated by small trees and shrubs characteristic of secondary regeneration. Observations on the regeneration of the forest indicated that there are woody species that require urgent conservation measures. Based on the results of this study, we recommend detailed ecological studies of various environmental factors such as soil type and properties, and ethnobotanical studies to explore indigenous knowledge on uses of plants.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81172293)the New Century Excellent Talent Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.NCET-04-0701)
文摘Summary： Poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase-1 （PARP-1） inhibitors and histone deacetylase （HDAC） in- hibitors have recently emerged as promising anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combination treatment with the PARP inhibitor P J34 and HDAC inhibitor SAHA on the proliferation of liver cancer cells. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed in three human liver cancer cell lines （HepG2, Hep3B and HCC-LM3） treated with PJ34 （8 μmol/L） and SAHA （1 panol/L）, alone or combined, by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The nude mice bear- ing subcutaneous HepG2 tumors were administered different groups of drugs （10 mg/kg PJ34, 25 mg/kg SAHA, 10 mg/kg PJ34＋25 mg/kg SAHA）, and the inhibition rates of tumor growth were compared between groups. The results showed that combined use of P J34 and SAHA could synergistically inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cell lines HepG2, Hep3B and HCC-LM3. The apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells treated with PJ34＋SAHA was significantly higher than that of HepG2 cells treated with PJ34 or SAHA alone （P〈0.05）. In vivo, the tumor inhibition rates were 53.5%, 61.4% and 82.6% in PJ34, SAHA and PJ34＋SAHA groups, respectively. The combined use of PJ34 and SAHA could significantly inhibit the xenograft tumor growth when compared with use of P J34 or SAHA alone （P〈0.05）. It was led to conclude that P J34 and SAHA can synergistically suppress the proliferation of liver cancer cells.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81070067 and No.81370185)
文摘Summary： Endothelial dysfunction induced by intermittent hypoxia （IH） participates in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS）-associated cardiovascular disorders. Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 （MyD88） and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 （TRAF6） regulate nu- merous downstream adaptors like mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPKs） and the subsequent oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. This study aimed to characterize the role of MyD88/TRAF6 in IH-treated cell function and its associated signaling. Human umbilical vein endo- thelial cells （HUVECs） were randomly exposed to IH or normoxia for 0, 2, 4 and 6 h. Western blot- ting was used to detect the expression pattern of target gene proteins [angiotensin 1 receptor （AT1R）, p-ERK1/2, p-p38MAPK, MyD88 and TRAF6], and the relationships among these target genes down-regulated by the corresponding inhibitors were studied. Finally, the influence of these target genes on proliferation of HUVECs was also assessed by EdU analysis. Protein levels of AT1R, TRAF6 and p-ERK1/2 were increased after IH exposure, with a slight rise in MyD88 and a dynamic change in p-p38MAPK. The down-regulation of TRAF6 by siRNA reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation during IH without any effects on ATIR. Blockade of AT1R with valsartan decreased TRAF6 and p-ERK1/2 protein expression after IH exposure. ERK1/2 inhibition with PD98059 suppressed only AT1R expression. IH promoted HUVECs proliferation, which was significantly suppressed by the in- hibition of TRAF6, AT1R and ERK1/2. The findings demonstrate that TRAF6 regulates the prolifera- tion of HUVECs exposed to short-term IH by modulating cell signaling involving ERK1/2 down- stream of AT1R. Targeting the AT1R-TRAF6-p-ERK1/2 signaling pathway might be helpful in re- storing endothelial function.
