Some new criteria for lag synchronization of chaotic Lur'e systems by replacing variables control

Some new criteria for the chaotic lag synchronization are proposed. At first,lag synchronization scheme for identical master-slave Lur‘ e systems by replacing variables control and the relevant error system are given, and the relations between absolute stability of the error system and the chaotic lag synchronization are described. Then, based on a quadratic Lyapunov function, two new Lur‘ e criteria for the above chaotic lag synchronization are proved. Four corresponding frequency domain criteria are further derived by means of Meyer-Kalman-Yacubovia Lemma. These frequency domain criteria are applied to analyze the lag synchronization of general master-slave Chua's circuits so that some ranges of the parameters in which the master-slave Chua's circuits achieve chaotic lag synchronization by replacing single-variable control are attained. Finally, some examples are given to verify the theoretical results.

Age-Constrained Dynamic Content Replacing and Delivering for UAV-Assisted Context Awareness

In this work,we employ the cache-enabled UAV to provide context information delivery to end devices that make timely and intelligent decisions.Different from the traditional network traffic,context information varies with time and brings in the ageconstrained requirement.The cached content items should be refreshed timely based on the age status to guarantee the freshness of user-received contents,which however consumes additional transmission resources.The traditional cache methods separate the caching and the transmitting,which are not suitable for the dynamic context information.We jointly design the cache replacing and content delivery based on both the user requests and the content dynamics to maximize the offloaded traffic from the ground network.The problem is formulated based on the Markov Decision Process(MDP).A sufficient condition of cache replacing is found in closed form,whereby a dynamic cache replacing and content delivery scheme is proposed based on the Deep Q-Network(DQN).Extensive simulations have been conducted.Compared with the conventional popularity-based and the modified Least Frequently Used(i.e.,LFU-dynamic)schemes,the UAV can offload around 30%traffic from the ground network by utilizing the proposed scheme in the urban scenario,according to the simulation results.

Research on Replacing Effects & Examination System of TBT against Tariff Impediment to Textile and Apparel Trade

With the cutoff and limitation of tariff and traditional non-tariff Barriers to Trade by GATT/WTO, Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) has gradually replaced tariff and general non-tariff Barriers to Trade and become an important measurement in new trade protectionism. This article analyzes the replacement of TBT on tariff barrier for exporting countries, as well as the trading pattern of TBT in its maturing period through the discussion of macro strategies of surpassing TBT; meanwhile it also probes into the examination and supervision policies of governmental functional departments.

Replacing fishmeal with soybean meal affects survival, antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota, and mRNA expression of TOR and S6K1 in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Using alternative plant-derived dietary protein to replace fishmeal,combined with practical evaluation indexes,is a recent focus for aquaculture practices.An 8-week feeding experiment with giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post-larvae was conducted to determine the eff ects of replacing fi shmeal(FM)with soybean meal in the feed,in terms of growth performance,antioxidant capacity,intestinal microbiota,and mRNA expression of target of rapamycin(TOR)and ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1(S6K1).Four isonitrogenous diets with isocaloric value were prepared to contain 100%,75%,50%,or 25%FM as the protein source(dietary treatments FM100,FM75,FM50,and FM25,respectively).Each diet was fed to post-larval prawns(mean weight 0.045±0.002 g)twice a day in four replicates.No signifi cant diff erence in weight gain was observed among all groups,but the survival rate of prawns fed the FM50 and FM25 diets was signifi cantly lower than that of prawns fed the FM diet.The mRNA expression of both TOR and S6K1 were the lowest in hepatopancreas of prawns fed the FM25 diet.Superoxide dismutase activity of prawns fed the FM25 diet was significantly lower than that of prawns fed FM50.In contrast,the malondialdehyde content was signifi cantly higher in prawns fed FM25 as compared with those fed FM75.The proportion of fishmeal in the diet did not affect the composition of core(phylum-level)intestinal microbiota,but greater fishmeal replacement with soybean meal had a potential risk to increase the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens in the gut when considered at the genus level.These results suggest that fishmeal replacement with soybean meal should not exceed 50%in a diet for post-larval M.rosenbergii.

Feasibility study on replacing chemical uranium assays with uranium equivalent grades at Husab Uranium Project,Namibia

Formerly,uranium exploration at the Husab Uranium Project was based on sample chemical uranium assays with little uranium equivalent data( e U) obtained from γ probing. The high cost of performing chemical assays has a significant impact on the overall cost of uranium exploration. Between 2015 and 2016,the Resource Upgrade Project Zone 2 was undertaken at the Husab Project,which identified the reliability and feasibility of γ probing through comparison of chemical uranium assays with uranium equivalent grades. This project analyzed the sources of errors and proposed a method to correct them. Uranium equivalent data from gamma probing can be used to replace the chemical assays to reduce the cost and time,therefore increasing the efficiency for uranium exploration at the Husab Uranium Project.

When Does Sora Show:The Beginning of TAO to Imaginative Intelligence and Scenarios Engineering

DURING our discussion at workshops for writing“What Does ChatGPT Say:The DAO from Algorithmic Intelligence to Linguistic Intelligence”[1],we had expected the next milestone for Artificial Intelligence(AI)would be in the direction of Imaginative Intelligence(II),i.e.,something similar to automatic wordsto-videos generation or intelligent digital movies/theater technology that could be used for conducting new“Artificiofactual Experiments”[2]to replace conventional“Counterfactual Experiments”in scientific research and technical development for both natural and social studies[2]-[6].Now we have OpenAI’s Sora,so soon,but this is not the final,actually far away,and it is just the beginning.

Emerging strategies for nerve repair and regeneration in ischemic stroke:neural stem cell therapy

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide,with limited treatment options available in clinical practice.The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided new hope to the field of stroke treatment via the restoration of brain neuron function.Exogenous neural stem cells are beneficial not only in cell replacement but also through the bystander effect.Neural stem cells regulate multiple physiological responses,including nerve repair,endogenous regeneration,immune function,and blood-brain barrier permeability,through the secretion of bioactive substances,including extracellular vesicles/exosomes.However,due to the complex microenvironment of ischemic cerebrovascular events and the low survival rate of neural stem cells following transplantation,limitations in the treatment effect remain unresolved.In this paper,we provide a detailed summary of the potential mechanisms of neural stem cell therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke,review current neural stem cell therapeutic strategies and clinical trial results,and summarize the latest advancements in neural stem cell engineering to improve the survival rate of neural stem cells.We hope that this review could help provide insight into the therapeutic potential of neural stem cells and guide future scientific endeavors on neural stem cells.

Generation of mitochondrial replacement monkeys by female pronucleus transfer

Mutations in mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)are maternally inherited and have the potential to cause severe disorders.Mitochondrial replacement therapies,including spindle,polar body,and pronuclear transfers,are promising strategies for preventing the hereditary transmission of mtDNA diseases.While pronuclear transfer has been used to generate mitochondrial replacement mouse models and human embryos,its application in non-human primates has not been previously reported.In this study,we successfully generated four healthy cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis)via female pronuclear transfer.These individuals all survived for more than two years and exhibited minimal mtDNA carryover(3.8%–6.7%),as well as relatively stable mtDNA heteroplasmy dynamics during development.The successful establishment of this nonhuman primate model highlights the considerable potential of pronuclear transfer in reducing the risk of inherited mtDNA diseases and provides a valuable preclinical research model for advancing mitochondrial replacement therapies in humans.

Which approach of total hip arthroplasty is the best efficacy and least complication?

BACKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty is as an effective intervention to relieve pain and improve hip function.Approaches of the hip have been exhaustively explored about pros and cons.The efficacy and the complications of hip approaches remains inconclusive.This study conducted an umbrella review to systematically appraise previous meta-analysis(MAs)including conventional posterior approach(PA),and minimally invasive surgeries as the lateral approach(LA),direct anterior approach(DAA),2-incisions method,mini-lateral approach and the newest technique direct superior approach(DSA)or supercapsular percutaneouslyassisted total hip(SuperPath).AIM To compare the efficacy and complications of hip approaches that have been published in all MAs and randomized controlled trials(RCTs).METHODS MAs were identified from MEDLINE and Scopus from inception until 2023.RCTs were then updated from the latest MA to September 2023.This study included studies which compared hip approaches and reported at least one outcome such as Harris Hip Score(HHS),dislocation,intra-operative fracture,wound compliData were independently selected,extracted and assessed by two reviewers.Network MA and cluster rank and surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA)were estimated for treatment efficacy and safety.RESULTS Finally,twenty-eight MAs(40 RCTs),and 13 RCTs were retrieved.In total 47 RCTs were included for reanalysis.The results of corrected covered area showed high degree(13.80%).Among 47 RCTs,most of the studies were low risk of bias in part of random process and outcome reporting,while other domains were medium to high risk of bias.DAA significantly provided higher HHS at three months than PA[pooled unstandardized mean difference(USMD):3.49,95%confidence interval(CI):0.98,6.00 with SUCRA:85.9],followed by DSA/SuperPath(USMD:1.57,95%CI:-1.55,4.69 with SUCRA:57.6).All approaches had indifferent dislocation and intraoperative fracture rates.SUCRA comparing early functional outcome and composite complications(dislocation,intra-operative fracture,wound complication,and nerve injury)found DAA was the best approach followed by DSA/SuperPath.CONCLUSION DSA/SuperPath had better earlier functional outcome than PA,but still could not overcome the result of DAA.This technique might be the other preferred option with acceptable complications.

Approach and potential of replacing oil and natural gas with coal in China

China’s fossil energy is characterized by an abundance of coal and a relative lack of oil and natural gas.Developing a strategy in which coal can replace oil and natural gas is,therefore,a necessary and practical approach to easing the excessive external dependence on oil and natural gas.Based on the perspective of energy security,this paper proposes a technical framework for defining the substitution of oil and natural gas with coal in China.In this framework,three substitution classifications and 11 industrialized technical routes are reviewed.Then,three scenarios(namely,the cautious scenario,baseline scenario,and positive scenario)are developed to estimate the potential of this strategy for 2020 and 2030.The results indicate that oil and natural gas replaced by coal will reach 67 to 81 Mt and 8.7 to 14.3 Gm^3 in 2020 and reach 93 to 138 Mt and 32.3 to 47.3 Gm^3 in 2030,respectively.By implementing this strategy,China’s external dependence on oil,natural gas,and primary energy is expected to be curbed at approximately 70%,40%,and 20%by 2030,respectively.This paper also demonstrates how coal,as a substitute for oil and natural gas,can contribute to carbon and pollution reduction and economic cost savings.It suggests a new direction for the development of the global coal industry and provides a crucial reference for energy transformation in China and other countries with similar energy situations.

Corrigendum to“Towards a business model for second-life batteries:Barriers,opportunities,uncertainties,and technologies”[J.Energy Chem.78(2023)507–525]

In the Acknowledgments Section,please replace“Shell oil”for“TotalEnergies”.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.For the sake of clarity(“Shell oil”should be removed and in boldblack“TotalEnergies”inserted),this section should say:The authors would like to thank Moura Batteries for the financial support.

ChatGPT and exercise prescription:Human vs.machine or human plus machine?

The power of artificial intelligence(AI)to create stories,music,art,and other creative projects has been demonstrated and criticized over recent decades in media,mainly because of the idea that AI will replace human jobs.Most recently,in November 2022,reactions to Chat Generative Pre-training Transformer(ChatGPT)release for public use reverberated in news and social media headlines,while its users exceeded100 million in just a few weeks.ChatGPT is a natural language processing program created by AI non-profit OpenAI Inc.

Role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in peripheral nerve regeneration:a cellular and molecular perspective

Neuro regeneration is a very complex phenomenon characterized by the generation of new neurons and synapses,involving connections between adjacent cells and axonal projections.Neuroregeneration supplies additional longterm resources to replace those altered by the injury and ensure lasting functional recovery.

Microglial autophagy in neurogenesis:a new player in Alzheimer's disease

While extensive studies have illuminated the impact of Alzheimer's disease(AD) on neuronal survival,there is growing evidence that abnormal postnatal neurogenesis in early AD brains contributes to disease progression.Postnatal neurogenesis serves as a mechanism to replace dead or damaged neurons.New neurons generated from neural stem cells(NSCs) in the subgranular zone(SGZ) of the dentate gyrus integrate into the existing hippocampal circuit.

Recent progress and future prospects of high-entropy materials for battery applications

Due to the energy crisis caused by limited fossil fuel reserves,extensive use of the renewable energy sources such as wind or solar energy is deemed to replace the use of traditional fossil fuels in the future^([1−3]).However,most renewable energy sources face the same problem,which is the intermittency of energy.For example,solar energy cannot be utilized at night.That means the continuous energy demand required for large-scale power grids can’t be satisfied by a single solar panel model.

Efficient cache replacement framework based on access hotness for spacecraft processors

A notable portion of cachelines in real-world workloads exhibits inner non-uniform access behaviors.However,modern cache management rarely considers this fine-grained feature,which impacts the effective cache capacity of contemporary high-performance spacecraft processors.To harness these non-uniform access behaviors,an efficient cache replacement framework featuring an auxiliary cache specifically designed to retain evicted hot data was proposed.This framework reconstructs the cache replacement policy,facilitating data migration between the main cache and the auxiliary cache.Unlike traditional cacheline-granularity policies,the approach excels at identifying and evicting infrequently used data,thereby optimizing cache utilization.The evaluation shows impressive performance improvement,especially on workloads with irregular access patterns.Benefiting from fine granularity,the proposal achieves superior storage efficiency compared with commonly used cache management schemes,providing a potential optimization opportunity for modern resource-constrained processors,such as spacecraft processors.Furthermore,the framework complements existing modern cache replacement policies and can be seamlessly integrated with minimal modifications,enhancing their overall efficacy.

Development of a Decision Aid for Family Surrogate Decision Makers of Critically Ill Patients Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy in ICU:A User-Centered Design for Rapid Prototyping

Objectives Renal replacement therapy(RRT)is increasingly adopted for critically ill patients diagnosed with acute kidney injury,but the optimal time for initiation remains unclear and prognosis is uncertain,leading to medical complexity,ethical conflicts,and decision dilemmas in intensive care unit(ICU)settings.This study aimed to develop a decision aid(DA)for the family surrogate of critically ill patients to support their engagement in shared decision-making process with clinicians.Methods Development of DA employed a systematic process with user-centered design(UCD)principle,which included:(i)competitive analysis:searched,screened,and assessed the existing DAs to gather insights for design strategies,developmental techniques,and functionalities;(ii)user needs assessment:interviewed family surrogates in our hospital to explore target user group's decision-making experience and identify their unmet needs;(iii)evidence syntheses:integrate latest clinical evidence and pertinent information to inform the content development of DA.Results The competitive analysis included 16 relevant DAs,from which we derived valuable insights using existing resources.User decision needs were explored among a cohort of 15 family surrogates,revealing four thematic issues in decision-making,including stuck into dilemmas,sense of uncertainty,limited capacity,and delayed decision confirmation.A total of 27 articles were included for evidence syntheses.Relevant decision making knowledge on disease and treatment,as delineated in the literature sourced from decision support system or clinical guidelines,were formatted as the foundational knowledge base.Twenty-one items of evidence were extracted and integrated into the content panels of benefits and risks of RRT,possible outcomes,and reasons to choose.The DA was drafted into a web-based phototype using the elements of UCD.This platform could guide users in their preparation of decision-making through a sequential four-step process:identifying treatment options,weighing the benefits and risks,clarifying personal preferences and values,and formulating a schedule for formal shared decision-making with clinicians.Conclusions We developed a rapid prototype of DA tailored for family surrogate decision makers of critically ill patients in need of RRT in ICU setting.Future studies are needed to evaluate its usability,feasibility,and clinical effects of this intervention.

Research on Performance Optimization of Spark Distributed Computing Platform

Spark,a distributed computing platform,has rapidly developed in the field of big data.Its in-memory computing feature reduces disk read overhead and shortens data processing time,making it have broad application prospects in large-scale computing applications such as machine learning and image processing.However,the performance of the Spark platform still needs to be improved.When a large number of tasks are processed simultaneously,Spark’s cache replacementmechanismcannot identify high-value data partitions,resulting inmemory resources not being fully utilized and affecting the performance of the Spark platform.To address the problem that Spark’s default cache replacement algorithm cannot accurately evaluate high-value data partitions,firstly the weight influence factors of data partitions are modeled and evaluated.Then,based on this weighted model,a cache replacement algorithm based on dynamic weighted data value is proposed,which takes into account hit rate and data difference.Better integration and usage strategies are implemented based on LRU(LeastRecentlyUsed).Theweight update algorithm updates the weight value when the data partition information changes,accurately measuring the importance of the partition in the current job;the cache removal algorithm clears partitions without useful values in the cache to releasememory resources;the weight replacement algorithm combines partition weights and partition information to replace RDD partitions when memory remaining space is insufficient.Finally,by setting up a Spark cluster environment,the algorithm proposed in this paper is experimentally verified.Experiments have shown that this algorithmcan effectively improve cache hit rate,enhance the performance of the platform,and reduce job execution time by 7.61%compared to existing improved algorithms.

Multidisciplinary approach toward enhanced recovery after surgery for total knee arthroplasty improves outcomes

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative disorder of the knee,which leads to joint pain,stiffness,and inactivity and significantly affects the quality of life.With an increased prevalence of obesity and greater life expectancies,total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is now one of the major arthroplasty surgeries performed for knee osteoarthritis.When enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)was introduced in TKA,clinical outcomes were enhanced and the economic burden on the healthcare system was reduced.ERAS is an evidence-based scientific protocol aimed at ameliorating the surgical stress response.ERAS aims to enhance the recovery phase,which encompasses multidisciplinary strategies at every step of perioperative care,including the rehabilitation phase.Implementation of ERAS in TKA aids in reducing the length of hospital stay,improving pain management,reducing perioperative complications,and enhancing patient satisfaction.Multidisciplinary collaboration,integrating the expertise of anesthesiologists,orthopedic surgeons,nursing personnel,and other healthcare professionals,is the cornerstone of ERAS in patients undergoing TKA.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in low-risk young population:A double edge sword?

Since the advent of transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)in 2002,it has now become the default interventional strategy for symptomatic patients presenting with severe aortic stenosis,particularly in intermediate to highsurgical risk patients.In 2019,the United States Food and Drug Administration approved TAVR in low-risk patients based on two randomized trials.However,these breakthrough trials excluded patients with certain unfavorable anatomies and odd profiles.While currently there is no randomized study of TAVR in young patients,it may be preferred by the young population given the benefits of early discharge,shorter hospital stay,and expedite recovery.Nonetheless,it is important to ruminate various factors including lifetime expectancy,risk of pacemaker implantation,and the need for future valve or coronary interventions in young cohorts before considering TAVR in these patients.Furthermore,the data on long-term durability(>10 years)of TAVR is still unknown given most of the procedures were initially performed in the high or prohibitive surgical risk population.Thus,this editorial aims to highlight the importance of considering an individualized approach in young patients with consideration of various factors including lifetime expectancy while choosing TAVR against surgical aortic valve replacement.