Assessment of the Drafting Quality of Request Forms Submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Cote d’Ivoire

Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire), from 6th December 2020 to 6th December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.

基于python+requests的数据采集技术

本文指出在数据采集、数据分析等方面,python语言是人们的不二选择。针对许多人刚开始学习采用python语言进行数据采集时思路混乱的问题,本文首先分析了基于python语言的数据采集基本流程,然后介绍了第三方请求模块requests库向目标地址发送请求的功能,最后通过采集某网站中的单条数据、单页数据、多页数据乃至整个网站的数据案例,逐步为初学者解释了python语言数据采集的基本步骤,并为初学者理清了python语言数据采集的思路,以此为python语言数据采集的初学者提供了一定的参考价值和学习思路。

Framework to Model User Request Access Patterns in the World Wide Web

In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pages. Our framework model consists of three sub-models: one for user file access, one for web pages, and one for storage servers. Web pages are assumed to consist of different types and sizes of objects, which are characterized using several categories: articles, media, and mosaics. The model is implemented with a discrete event simulation and then used to investigate the performance of our system over a variety of parameters in our model. Our performance measure of choice is mean response time and by varying the composition of web pages through our categories, we find that our framework model is able to capture a wide range of conditions that serve as a basis for generating a variety of user request patterns. In addition, we are able to establish a set of parameters that can be used as base cases. One of the goals of this research is for the framework model to be general enough that the parameters can be varied such that it can serve as input for investigating other distributed applications that require the generation of user request access patterns.

基于Python和Requests快速获取网页数据的方法研究

随着“互联网+”和大数据时代的到来,网络上充斥着各种各样的数据,过滤并获取有用的数据在当今环境下至关重要。文章提出一种基于Python和Requests模块的快速获取网页数据的方法,使用该方法可以获取解析前的网页源代码文本和图片数据,并保存为本地文件,为之后的数据分析和深入学习大数据技术奠定基础。实验结果表明,该方法步骤和代码编写简单易学,运行结果较好,具有一定的实用性。

基于Python与Requests模块的网络图片爬虫程序设计

在互联网的时代背景下,从大量的网络信息中快速获取批量的图片资源,是一个值得研究的论题。在此基于Python爬虫框架中的5个部分,按照Requests模块的6个步骤,实现快速且批量获取网络图片的爬虫程序设计。实验结果表明,该爬虫程序代码量少、思路清晰、简单易学、结果正确,具有一定的实用性。

Investigating L2 Request Strategies: A Case Study of Chinese English teachers' L2 Pragmatic Competence

Empirical descriptions of how the teacher performs requests in English can make them realize the importance of improving pragmatic competence, so that they could help students develop more native-like pragmatic behaviors and enhance cultural competence. This case study is to explore the pragmatic competence of a Chinese EFL teacher by investigating the patterns of realization strategies and the ways of reacting to the different social and contextual variables in her requests. It was found out that the teacher investigated in the study had good pragmatic awareness and pragmatic competence to produce the speech act of requests and develop students' pragmatic competence, but more explicit instructions should be provided to help students develop more native-like speech acts by providing more explicit instructions.

A Longitudinal Study on the Development of Pre-request Practices by a Four Years Old Girl

Requests and requesting language have been a popular topic for researchers from a wide range of fields including linguistic philosophy,pragmatics,social-pragmatics,and discourse analysis since 1960s.Requesting is a dynamic process which is the combination of requests and pre-requests,as well as request negotiations.By now,studies mostly focused on the study of how request was initiated and what were the factors lying behind specific choice of one request form over others,and how request-makers pursued their demands when grants were not given as expected.However,limited studies have been published about the development of the strategies children took to avoid predictable refusals.This paper aims to make a contribution to this topic by conducting a longitudinal study lasting for approximately one year with a four-year-old Chinese girl as the subject.By contrasting and comparing the subject’s natural linguistic performance,the author tried to reveal the developmental procedure,and profound cognitive and cultural factors.

大粒度Pull Request描述自动生成

在GitHub平台中,许多项目贡献者在提交Pull Request(PR)时往往会忽略提交PR描述,这使得提交的PR容易被评审者忽略或者拒绝.因此,自动生成PR描述以帮助项目贡献者提高PR通过率是很有必要的.然而,现有PR描述生成方法的表现会受到PR粒度影响,无法有效为大粒度的PR生成描述.因此,该工作专注于大粒度PR描述的自动生成.首先对PR中的文本信息进行预处理,将文本中的单词作为辅助节点构建词-句异质图,以建立PR语句间的联系;随后对异质图进行特征提取,并将提取后的特征输入至图神经网络进行图表示学习,通过节点间的消息传递,使句子节点学习到更丰富的内容信息;最后,选择带有关键信息的句子组成PR描述.此外,针对PR数据集缺少人工标注的真实标签而无法进行监督学习的问题,使用强化学习指导PR描述的生成,以最小化获得奖励的负期望为目标训练模型,该过程与标签无关,并且直接提升了生成结果的表现.在真实的数据集上进行了实验,实验结果表明,提出的大粒度PR描述生成方法在F1值和可读性上优于现有方法.

对ASP的Request和Response两个内建对象的研究

对ASP内建请求 (request)对象和响应 (response)对象进行分析 ,针对这两个对象的属性和方法 。

REQUEST用法译评

本文从语言学的角度对request及其相关的词项在句法与深层语义上作较为详尽的探究。

An Analysis of the Requesting Performance by an EFL Student and Its Pedagogical Implications

The present study investigated one Chinese college learner's requesting performance by analyzing the DCT data produced in four different situations.The results indicated that the learner favored the indirect strategy in all four situations,and was able to produce longer requests with a large portion of external modification.However,the learner lacked sufficient knowledge and ability to control over a wide range of internal modification,relied heavily on external modification,produced lengthy grounders,and failed to show enough sensitivity to imposition variation.

基于时间和影响力因子的Github Pull Request评审人推荐

开源社区github提供了pull request的机制让开发者可以把自己的代码集成到github的开源项目中从而为项目做出贡献.Pull request的代码评审是github这类分布式软件开发社区维护开源项目代码质量的非常重要的方式.为一个新到来的pull request指派合适的代码评审人可以有效减少pull request从提交到开始审核的延迟.目前github是由项目核心成员人工来完成评审人的指派,为了减少这种人力损耗,我们提出代码评审人的推荐系统,该系统基于信息检索的方法,并考虑了评审人的影响力因子以及评审的时间衰减的因素,对新到来的pull request,自动推荐最相关的评审人.我们的方法对top 1的准确度达到了68%,对top 10的召回率达到了78%.

Indirectness and Politeness in English Requests

Foreign language teachers may have long observed learners' grammatically correct, yet situationally inappropriate verbal communication. To make sure they conduct speech acts appropriately, language learners should possess communicative skills and pragmatic competence. This paper addresses how to raise learners' pragmatic awareness through making requests in English.By exploring the verbal indirectness and politeness of requests, the paper aims to facilitate learners' ability to make socially appropriate utterances.

RevREC:一个基于Pull-Request开发模型的双层审阅人推荐算法（英文）

代码审查是减少代码缺陷和提高软件质量的重要过程。在像GitHub这样的社交编码社区,由于每个人都可以提交Pull-Request,所以代码审查扮演着比以往更重要的角色,而且这个过程非常耗时。因此,寻找并推荐正确的评审人员来应对新兴的Pull-Request成为一项重要任务。然而,目前大部分的研究主要集中在评估人员是否参与,并没有对人员参与的类型进行区分。在本文中,我们开发了一个两层审阅人推荐模型,从技术和管理角度为GitHub项目中的Pull-Request(PR)推荐审阅人。对于第一层,我们根据混合推荐方法推荐合适的审阅人对目标PR进行审阅。对于第二层,在从第一层获得推荐结果之后,我们指定被推荐的审阅人是技术还是管理上参与审阅过程。我们在GitHub的两个热门项目上进行了实验,并使用2016年2月至2017年2月期间创建的PR来测试该方法。结果显示,我们的推荐模型的第一层比以前的工作表现得更好,第二层可以有效地区分参与类型。

Jointly Optimized Request Dispatching and Service Placement for MEC in LEO Network

Integrating Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC) in Low Earth Orbit(LEO) network is an important way to provide globally seamless low-delay service. In this paper, we consider the scenario that MEC platforms with computation and storage resource are deployed on LEO satellites, which is called "LEO-MEC". Service request dispatching decision is very important for resource utilization of the whole LEO-MEC system and Qo E of MEC users. Another important problem is service placement that is closely coupled with request dispatching. This paper models the joint service request dispatching and service placement problem as an optimization problem, which is a Mixed Integer Linear Programming(MILP). Our proposed mechanism solves this problem and uses the solved decision variables to dispatch requests and place services. Simulation results show that our proposed mechanism can achieve better performance in terms of ratio of served users and average hop count compared with baseline mechanism.

基于最优REQUEST/CKF组合的航天器姿态确定

针对航天器姿态确定的高精度要求,提出一种基于最优递推四元数估计/容积卡尔曼滤波(REQUEST/CKF)的姿态估计器。该方法将最优递归四元数估计(REQUEST)方法和容积卡尔曼滤波(CKF)结合起来,用最优REQUEST方法确定的姿态四元数直接作为CKF滤波器的观测量,由CKF滤波估计陀螺漂移来补偿系统模型误差,从而提高了姿态确定的精度和收敛速度。仿真结果说明了方法的有效性。

Access Request Trustworthiness in Weighted Access Control Framework

Weighted factor is given to access eontrol policies to express the importanceof policy and its effect on access control decision. According to this weighted access controlframework, a trustworthiness model for aceess request is also given. In this model, we give themeasure of trustworthiness factor to access request- by using some idea of uncertainty reasoning ofexpert system, present and prove the parallel propagation formula of request trustworthiness factoramong multiple policies, and get thefinal trustworthiness factor to decide whether authorizing. Inthis model, authorization decision is given according to the calculation of request trustworthinessfactor, which is more understandable, more suitable for real requirement and more powerfulforsecurity enhancement than traditional methods. Meanwhile the finer access control granularity isanother advantage.

Evaluation of the Completeness in the Filling of Laboratory Request Forms Submitted to the Haematology Laboratory at a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya

Background information: The laboratory request form is a communication link between the clinicians and the laboratory staff. It contains demographic details of the patient including full names, age and gender;the test required;location of the patient;date and time of request among other details. Incomplete and inaccurate filling of the request forms may cause errors which can impact on the quality of the patient care. Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross sectional where 289 laboratory request forms submitted consecutively to the haematology laboratory during the month of January 2018 were evaluated. Data was collected using a data collection form and analyzed by use of frequency table. Ethical clearance was sought from Institutional Research and Ethical Committee of Moi University and Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital. Results: Of all the 289 forms evaluated, only 1% (3/289) had all the required information. The parameters with the most information were patient’s name (100%), hospital number (100%), sex (99.7%), age (98.3%), investigation requested (97.6%), the location of the patient (96.9%), clinician’s name (96.9%) and signature (96.5%). The least information was recorded for clinical history (14.7%) and address of the patient (4.8%). Conclusion: The study showed that there were inadequacies in the recording of the required information in the laboratory request form. The parameters which were completely filled were the patient’s name and the hospital number, whereas the address and the clinical history had the least completion rates.

基于BeautifulSoup+requests和selenium爬虫网页自动化处理的实现和性能对比

网络爬虫是一种按照一定的规则,自动地抓取网页信息的程序或者脚本,因此编写特定的网络爬虫可以用来对网页进行自动化处理,从而达到提升工作效率的目的。文章针对同一个任务清单系统,分别使用BeautifulSoup+requests和selenium两种不同的爬虫方法实现了网页自动化处理功能。并且通过对两种方法的实现原理和运行结果进行分析,对两种爬虫方法进行对比。