Some of the progress made in our laboratories in collaboration with industry in research and development work on high performance oxide-nonoxide composites for metallurgical applications has been reviewed. (1) SiAlO...Some of the progress made in our laboratories in collaboration with industry in research and development work on high performance oxide-nonoxide composites for metallurgical applications has been reviewed. (1) SiAlON bonded corundum composites for blast furnace usage have been produced by reduction-nitridation sinte-ring at high temperature, using bauxite instead of alu-mina in the matrix. (2) Low carbon Al2O3 - SiAlON slide plate materials successfully used in high quality steel continuous casting have been developed in which most or all of the graphite in Al2O3 - C brick is replaced by bauxite-based β-SiAlON. (3) A1/Si metal bonded A12 03 - C material characterized by low carbon content, low firing temperature and in-situ formation of carbides and nitrides at high temperature during service are found to possess very high hot strength and very good thermal shock resistance and have also been successfully used as slide plates in ladles and tundishes for high quality steel casting.展开更多
Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd., (referred to as Baosteel) in China first succeeded in developing the U-ing-O- ing-Expanding (UOE) longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes (SAWLs) offshore linepipe of a maximum th...Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd., (referred to as Baosteel) in China first succeeded in developing the U-ing-O- ing-Expanding (UOE) longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes (SAWLs) offshore linepipe of a maximum thickness/ outside diameter (T/D) 0.042 in 2011. Described in this paper is the research and development of the X70 UOE SAWL pipes by the company. The result shows that the said X70 linepipe has been in compliance with relevant requirements as specified in Specifications DNV-OS-F101 ,and has been successfully used in the South China Sea deepwater gas pipeline project.展开更多
Anticancer drugs research and development have been the largest market area in the pharmaceutical industry in terms of the number of project, clinical trials and spending. In the last 10 - 30 years, targeting therapy ...Anticancer drugs research and development have been the largest market area in the pharmaceutical industry in terms of the number of project, clinical trials and spending. In the last 10 - 30 years, targeting therapy for cancers has been developed and achieved enormous clinical effectiveness by transforming some previously deadly malignancies into chronically manageable conditions, but cure problem still remains. This mini review outlined the current status of anticancer drugs development and hinted the opinions of how to further increase the accuracy and efficacy of discovery for cancer treatment.展开更多
In 1981,Nanyang Technological Institute was established in Singapore to train engineers and accountants to keep up with the fast-growing economy of the country.In 1991,the institute was upgraded to Nanyang Technologic...In 1981,Nanyang Technological Institute was established in Singapore to train engineers and accountants to keep up with the fast-growing economy of the country.In 1991,the institute was upgraded to Nanyang Technological University(NTU).NTU holds the rank for world's top young university for six consecutive years according to the Quacquarelli Symonds(QS)world university ranking.Virtual Reality(VR)research began in NTU in the late 1990s.NTU's colleges,schools,institutes,and centers have contributed toward the excellence of VR research.This article briefly describes the VR research directions and activities in NTU.展开更多
The full name of CISRI is Central Iron&Steel Research Institute under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry in China.It is the largest institute of metallurgical process research in China(the word"large"...The full name of CISRI is Central Iron&Steel Research Institute under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry in China.It is the largest institute of metallurgical process research in China(the word"large"here refers to various fields,large personnel and many research projects).It includes ironmaking,steel-making,cold and hot processing of steel,metallic product,ferroalloy,refractory,automatic metallurgy control,design展开更多
Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) has become one of the major evolution trends in the fields of broadband access and mobile communications. However,some difficulties emerged during the application and industrialization ...Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) has become one of the major evolution trends in the fields of broadband access and mobile communications. However,some difficulties emerged during the application and industrialization of the BWA system,which calls for typical service models,key technology innovations and backbone support from broadband Internet. This article introduces a Broadband Wireless Multimedia (BWM) access system. It aims to build a new-type "triple play" BWA network by integrating terrestrial digital TV system and the BWA system,and by taking broadband Internet as its core network platform. A primary research shows that the new BWA system is an effective solution to the existing difficulties of BWA system. Moreover,it is quite competitive in service provision,service coverage,frequency planning,terminal power consumption and cost for network construction.展开更多
Tsinghua-TOYO Research and Development Center of Magnesium and Aluminum Alloys Processing Technology was officially established between Tsinghua University and TOYO Machinery & Metal Co. on Feb. 26, 2002, which is...Tsinghua-TOYO Research and Development Center of Magnesium and Aluminum Alloys Processing Technology was officially established between Tsinghua University and TOYO Machinery & Metal Co. on Feb. 26, 2002, which is a non-independent legal research organization located in Department of Mechanical Engineering of Tsinghua University. The center was equipped with one set of 650t automatic magnesium and aluminum alloys diecasting machine and necessary accessories including the melting furnaces for magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys, an accurate magnesium pump to transfer the magnesium alloys to the shot sleeve of the die casting machine, a die temperature controller, and data logging systems for cavity pressure and die temperature distributions, etc. The center is aimed to the research and development of magnesium and aluminum die casting process and their related technologies, and the main research contents include:展开更多
The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
Pharmaceutical technology is an indispensable and important link in drug research and development,which plays a key role in drug research and development quality.In the background of science and technology development...Pharmaceutical technology is an indispensable and important link in drug research and development,which plays a key role in drug research and development quality.In the background of science and technology development,pharmaceutical technology has been greatly developed,but also to promote the quality of drug research and development,to provide more guarantee for people’s health.In the new era,how to achieve pharmaceutical technology innovation,so as to further improve the quality of drug research and development,is an important research topic in the current related industries.This paper mainly revolves around quality of pharmaceutical technology development of a series of exploration,in the traditional drug development based on a better control of drug quality,the future of smart pharmaceutical green pharmaceutical development direction,aims to further enhance the pharmaceutical technology,promote the quality of research and development to promote the comprehensive,promote the steady development of the pharmaceutical industry as a whole.展开更多
There are many access ends and information asymmetry in the management of offshore platform production facility personnel information. In the actual business, the problem is decomposed and a multi-layer logical archit...There are many access ends and information asymmetry in the management of offshore platform production facility personnel information. In the actual business, the problem is decomposed and a multi-layer logical architecture is selected to design and develop the POB plan management module applicable to offshore platform facilities. The main functions of this module include task management, facility management, area management, sea-going unit management, plan management, report management, authority control, and comprehensive query. It can efficiently solve on-site business problems and improve the efficiency of POB plan management for various professionals on land and at sea. In actual use, the module can well assist in completing POB plan management tasks and improve work efficiency.展开更多
As far as Chinese herbal medicine resources are concerned,China is one of the countries with the richest biodiversity in the world.As for the future development direction of Chinese skin care products,the development ...As far as Chinese herbal medicine resources are concerned,China is one of the countries with the richest biodiversity in the world.As for the future development direction of Chinese skin care products,the development of special Chinese herbal skin care products is an important issue.The technical route for the research and development(R&D)of Chinese herbal-medicine skin care products should focus on“combining ancient and modern,combining Chinese and Western”,that is to say combining the ancient knowledge and wisdom with modern science and technology,and combining Chinese traditional therapy with western pharmacology.This article will elaborate the five stages of developing innovative Chinese herbal skin care products:pondering and thinking stage;extraction and purification stage;experimental evaluation stage;quality index establishment stage;product development stage.The key points of these five stages can provide a reference for the cosmetics R&D personnel.This project will be beneficial to the development of Chinese herbal-medicine skin care products and the formulation of an overall effective development strategy,which is helpful to actively respond to new challenges and continuously improve product competitiveness,so as to vigorously build a world-renowned high-end cosmetic brand in China,and strive to cultivate a world-class cosmetics talent team.展开更多
Objective To help investors assess and control the costs of new drug development and reduce the risks of new drug development projects.Methods Cost analysis and financial forecasting were carried out with the integrat...Objective To help investors assess and control the costs of new drug development and reduce the risks of new drug development projects.Methods Cost analysis and financial forecasting were carried out with the integrated approach of earned value management.According to the principle of earned value management deviation analysis,the basic process of the new drug research and development project was combined with the hypothesis method from the research of Tufts Drug Development Research Center.Results and Conclusion If the project progress check was carried out in the clinical trial,the project costs were found overspent,the efficiency was low,the project progress was faster,and the resource investment was ahead.It is recommended that the adjustment should be made to reduce the input of resources,and increase the efficient key personnel to take the place of some less efficient staff.展开更多
This review is briefly to recall the history of research and development (R&D) of Chinese materia medica (CMM) and to discuss the challenges of Chinese traditional and herbal medicines (CTHM) facing the modern sci...This review is briefly to recall the history of research and development (R&D) of Chinese materia medica (CMM) and to discuss the challenges of Chinese traditional and herbal medicines (CTHM) facing the modern science and technology. The R&D of CTHM is thought to be an important pathway for new drug discovery. Since1949, about 140 approved new drugs have been developed, among which about 80 originated directly or indirectly from medicinal plants. CTHM has gained interest from the international medical, biomedical, and pharmaceutical institutions as a valuable source of potential medicines. For the modernization of CMM and innovative research of CTHM, there are following challenges to be faced: (1) to evaluate the efficacy, pharmacological properties, action mechanism, and active chemical constituents; (2) to develop new methodologies for the quality and safety of CTHM; (3) to apply new '-omics' techniques to accelerate drug discoveries developed from CTHM; and (4) to apply international practices including good agricultural practice, good manufacturing practice, good laboratory practice, and good clinical practice in the R&D of CTHM.展开更多
Echinococcosis is a neglected zoonotic disease,causing great morbidity and mortality due to the wide distribution of its endemic areas.China holds a high percentage in the global burden of both cystic and alveolar ech...Echinococcosis is a neglected zoonotic disease,causing great morbidity and mortality due to the wide distribution of its endemic areas.China holds a high percentage in the global burden of both cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.A national survey conducted between 2012 and 2016 showed that an estimated 50 million people are at risk of contracting the disease in western China,of whom about 0.17 million are cases with echinococcosis.Despite this,research and development on echinococcosis in China is greatly inadequate compared to that in other countries.In this paper,we argue that there is a need for more research and work to be conducted in China on echinococcosis,including researching techniques in regards to diagnosis,treatment,and vaccination,and developing products through technical transformation and piloting strategies to control and even elimination.However,great opportunities exist for China to strengthen the research and development on this disease through initiatives such as Health China 2030,the Belt and Road Initiative,the China-Africa cooperation,as well as through further cooperation between China and the World Health Organization.All of these can bring us closer to controlling echinococcosis in China as well as in other countries.One element of crucial importance will be the training and development of professionals,which can be strengthened through international cooperation.展开更多
Research Objective and Overview It is necessary to find effective Chinese materia medica (CMM) for the treatment of refractory hematopathy as commonly used prednisone, androgen and immune suppression agents of tende...Research Objective and Overview It is necessary to find effective Chinese materia medica (CMM) for the treatment of refractory hematopathy as commonly used prednisone, androgen and immune suppression agents of tendemonstrate poor efficacy and serious side effects.展开更多
The enormous progress biotechnology,bioinformatics and nanotechnology made in recent years provides opportunities and scientific framework for development of biomedicine and constitutes a paradigm shift in pharmaceuti...The enormous progress biotechnology,bioinformatics and nanotechnology made in recent years provides opportunities and scientific framework for development of biomedicine and constitutes a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical R&D and drug innovation.By analyzing the data and related information at R&D level over the past decades,developmental tendency and R&D patterns were summarized.We found that a growing number of biologics in the pipeline of pharma companies with successful products already in the market though,small molecular entities have primarily dominated drug innovation.Additionally,small/medium size companies will continue to play a key role in the development of small molecule drugs and biologics in a multi-channel integrated process.More importantly,modern and effective R&D strategies in biomedicine development to predict and evaluate efficacy and/or safety of 21st century therapeutics are urgently needed.To face new challenges,developmental strategies were proposed,in terms of molecular targeted medicine,generic drugs,new drug delivery system and protein-based drugs.Under the current circumstances,interdisciplinary cooperation mode and policy related to drug innovation in China were deeply discussed as well.展开更多
文摘Some of the progress made in our laboratories in collaboration with industry in research and development work on high performance oxide-nonoxide composites for metallurgical applications has been reviewed. (1) SiAlON bonded corundum composites for blast furnace usage have been produced by reduction-nitridation sinte-ring at high temperature, using bauxite instead of alu-mina in the matrix. (2) Low carbon Al2O3 - SiAlON slide plate materials successfully used in high quality steel continuous casting have been developed in which most or all of the graphite in Al2O3 - C brick is replaced by bauxite-based β-SiAlON. (3) A1/Si metal bonded A12 03 - C material characterized by low carbon content, low firing temperature and in-situ formation of carbides and nitrides at high temperature during service are found to possess very high hot strength and very good thermal shock resistance and have also been successfully used as slide plates in ladles and tundishes for high quality steel casting.
文摘Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd., (referred to as Baosteel) in China first succeeded in developing the U-ing-O- ing-Expanding (UOE) longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes (SAWLs) offshore linepipe of a maximum thickness/ outside diameter (T/D) 0.042 in 2011. Described in this paper is the research and development of the X70 UOE SAWL pipes by the company. The result shows that the said X70 linepipe has been in compliance with relevant requirements as specified in Specifications DNV-OS-F101 ,and has been successfully used in the South China Sea deepwater gas pipeline project.
文摘Anticancer drugs research and development have been the largest market area in the pharmaceutical industry in terms of the number of project, clinical trials and spending. In the last 10 - 30 years, targeting therapy for cancers has been developed and achieved enormous clinical effectiveness by transforming some previously deadly malignancies into chronically manageable conditions, but cure problem still remains. This mini review outlined the current status of anticancer drugs development and hinted the opinions of how to further increase the accuracy and efficacy of discovery for cancer treatment.
文摘In 1981,Nanyang Technological Institute was established in Singapore to train engineers and accountants to keep up with the fast-growing economy of the country.In 1991,the institute was upgraded to Nanyang Technological University(NTU).NTU holds the rank for world's top young university for six consecutive years according to the Quacquarelli Symonds(QS)world university ranking.Virtual Reality(VR)research began in NTU in the late 1990s.NTU's colleges,schools,institutes,and centers have contributed toward the excellence of VR research.This article briefly describes the VR research directions and activities in NTU.
文摘The full name of CISRI is Central Iron&Steel Research Institute under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry in China.It is the largest institute of metallurgical process research in China(the word"large"here refers to various fields,large personnel and many research projects).It includes ironmaking,steel-making,cold and hot processing of steel,metallic product,ferroalloy,refractory,automatic metallurgy control,design
文摘Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) has become one of the major evolution trends in the fields of broadband access and mobile communications. However,some difficulties emerged during the application and industrialization of the BWA system,which calls for typical service models,key technology innovations and backbone support from broadband Internet. This article introduces a Broadband Wireless Multimedia (BWM) access system. It aims to build a new-type "triple play" BWA network by integrating terrestrial digital TV system and the BWA system,and by taking broadband Internet as its core network platform. A primary research shows that the new BWA system is an effective solution to the existing difficulties of BWA system. Moreover,it is quite competitive in service provision,service coverage,frequency planning,terminal power consumption and cost for network construction.
文摘Tsinghua-TOYO Research and Development Center of Magnesium and Aluminum Alloys Processing Technology was officially established between Tsinghua University and TOYO Machinery & Metal Co. on Feb. 26, 2002, which is a non-independent legal research organization located in Department of Mechanical Engineering of Tsinghua University. The center was equipped with one set of 650t automatic magnesium and aluminum alloys diecasting machine and necessary accessories including the melting furnaces for magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys, an accurate magnesium pump to transfer the magnesium alloys to the shot sleeve of the die casting machine, a die temperature controller, and data logging systems for cavity pressure and die temperature distributions, etc. The center is aimed to the research and development of magnesium and aluminum die casting process and their related technologies, and the main research contents include:
文摘The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
文摘Pharmaceutical technology is an indispensable and important link in drug research and development,which plays a key role in drug research and development quality.In the background of science and technology development,pharmaceutical technology has been greatly developed,but also to promote the quality of drug research and development,to provide more guarantee for people’s health.In the new era,how to achieve pharmaceutical technology innovation,so as to further improve the quality of drug research and development,is an important research topic in the current related industries.This paper mainly revolves around quality of pharmaceutical technology development of a series of exploration,in the traditional drug development based on a better control of drug quality,the future of smart pharmaceutical green pharmaceutical development direction,aims to further enhance the pharmaceutical technology,promote the quality of research and development to promote the comprehensive,promote the steady development of the pharmaceutical industry as a whole.
文摘There are many access ends and information asymmetry in the management of offshore platform production facility personnel information. In the actual business, the problem is decomposed and a multi-layer logical architecture is selected to design and develop the POB plan management module applicable to offshore platform facilities. The main functions of this module include task management, facility management, area management, sea-going unit management, plan management, report management, authority control, and comprehensive query. It can efficiently solve on-site business problems and improve the efficiency of POB plan management for various professionals on land and at sea. In actual use, the module can well assist in completing POB plan management tasks and improve work efficiency.
文摘As far as Chinese herbal medicine resources are concerned,China is one of the countries with the richest biodiversity in the world.As for the future development direction of Chinese skin care products,the development of special Chinese herbal skin care products is an important issue.The technical route for the research and development(R&D)of Chinese herbal-medicine skin care products should focus on“combining ancient and modern,combining Chinese and Western”,that is to say combining the ancient knowledge and wisdom with modern science and technology,and combining Chinese traditional therapy with western pharmacology.This article will elaborate the five stages of developing innovative Chinese herbal skin care products:pondering and thinking stage;extraction and purification stage;experimental evaluation stage;quality index establishment stage;product development stage.The key points of these five stages can provide a reference for the cosmetics R&D personnel.This project will be beneficial to the development of Chinese herbal-medicine skin care products and the formulation of an overall effective development strategy,which is helpful to actively respond to new challenges and continuously improve product competitiveness,so as to vigorously build a world-renowned high-end cosmetic brand in China,and strive to cultivate a world-class cosmetics talent team.
文摘Objective To help investors assess and control the costs of new drug development and reduce the risks of new drug development projects.Methods Cost analysis and financial forecasting were carried out with the integrated approach of earned value management.According to the principle of earned value management deviation analysis,the basic process of the new drug research and development project was combined with the hypothesis method from the research of Tufts Drug Development Research Center.Results and Conclusion If the project progress check was carried out in the clinical trial,the project costs were found overspent,the efficiency was low,the project progress was faster,and the resource investment was ahead.It is recommended that the adjustment should be made to reduce the input of resources,and increase the efficient key personnel to take the place of some less efficient staff.
文摘This review is briefly to recall the history of research and development (R&D) of Chinese materia medica (CMM) and to discuss the challenges of Chinese traditional and herbal medicines (CTHM) facing the modern science and technology. The R&D of CTHM is thought to be an important pathway for new drug discovery. Since1949, about 140 approved new drugs have been developed, among which about 80 originated directly or indirectly from medicinal plants. CTHM has gained interest from the international medical, biomedical, and pharmaceutical institutions as a valuable source of potential medicines. For the modernization of CMM and innovative research of CTHM, there are following challenges to be faced: (1) to evaluate the efficacy, pharmacological properties, action mechanism, and active chemical constituents; (2) to develop new methodologies for the quality and safety of CTHM; (3) to apply new '-omics' techniques to accelerate drug discoveries developed from CTHM; and (4) to apply international practices including good agricultural practice, good manufacturing practice, good laboratory practice, and good clinical practice in the R&D of CTHM.
基金M-BQ and X-NZ were financially supported through the Forth Round of the Three-Year Public Health Action Plan(2015-2017)in Shanghai(grant No.GWTD2015S06).
文摘Echinococcosis is a neglected zoonotic disease,causing great morbidity and mortality due to the wide distribution of its endemic areas.China holds a high percentage in the global burden of both cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.A national survey conducted between 2012 and 2016 showed that an estimated 50 million people are at risk of contracting the disease in western China,of whom about 0.17 million are cases with echinococcosis.Despite this,research and development on echinococcosis in China is greatly inadequate compared to that in other countries.In this paper,we argue that there is a need for more research and work to be conducted in China on echinococcosis,including researching techniques in regards to diagnosis,treatment,and vaccination,and developing products through technical transformation and piloting strategies to control and even elimination.However,great opportunities exist for China to strengthen the research and development on this disease through initiatives such as Health China 2030,the Belt and Road Initiative,the China-Africa cooperation,as well as through further cooperation between China and the World Health Organization.All of these can bring us closer to controlling echinococcosis in China as well as in other countries.One element of crucial importance will be the training and development of professionals,which can be strengthened through international cooperation.
基金Supported by Australia-China Links Program sponsored by IDP Education Australia (NoⅡ-8)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 30070933)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province as the key project (No DZ007)State Administration of TCM of China (No 972025)
文摘Research Objective and Overview It is necessary to find effective Chinese materia medica (CMM) for the treatment of refractory hematopathy as commonly used prednisone, androgen and immune suppression agents of tendemonstrate poor efficacy and serious side effects.
文摘The enormous progress biotechnology,bioinformatics and nanotechnology made in recent years provides opportunities and scientific framework for development of biomedicine and constitutes a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical R&D and drug innovation.By analyzing the data and related information at R&D level over the past decades,developmental tendency and R&D patterns were summarized.We found that a growing number of biologics in the pipeline of pharma companies with successful products already in the market though,small molecular entities have primarily dominated drug innovation.Additionally,small/medium size companies will continue to play a key role in the development of small molecule drugs and biologics in a multi-channel integrated process.More importantly,modern and effective R&D strategies in biomedicine development to predict and evaluate efficacy and/or safety of 21st century therapeutics are urgently needed.To face new challenges,developmental strategies were proposed,in terms of molecular targeted medicine,generic drugs,new drug delivery system and protein-based drugs.Under the current circumstances,interdisciplinary cooperation mode and policy related to drug innovation in China were deeply discussed as well.