Under-forest Breeding Pattern and the Practice Form

Through the development in recent years, China's under-forest breeding pattern can be divided into four kinds of practice form of under-forest breeding pattern (the pattern of breeding driven by leading enterprises; the pattern of breeding driven by intermediary economic organizations; the pattern of breeding driven by the professional wholesale market; the pattern of breeding driven by the modern animal husbandry demonstration areas), according to difference in the main body participating in signing the operation contract in breeding pattern. In the production practice of under-forest breeding pattern, the most widely used and successful pattern is the pattern of breeding driven by leading enterprises and its derivative forms.

Study on the Mechanism of Nanopatterning in Printed Electronics Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation

In order to research the feasibility of using the selective adsorption principle to achieve automatic shaping of nano patterns,in this study,using the liquid gallium as the conductive ink and graphene as the printing plate surface,by changing the surface wettability of patterned areas on the nanoscale of graphene printed boards,the automatic formation of liquid gallium patterns on the graphene printed plate surface was simulated.The results indicated that liquid gallium can achieve automatic patterning on the surface of graphene patterned areas;the greater the interaction energy between gallium and carbon atoms,the clearer the pattern;gallium liquid is prone to remain in complex local positions of the pattern,making it difficult to shape the pattern;if the spacing between adjacent pattern lines is too large or too small,it will result in residual gallium liquid between the lines;increasing the thickness of the gallium film will cause the pattern to expand beyond the boundary,but increasing the thickness of the gallium film can also enhance the thickness and uniformity of the pattern lines.In summary,the principle of selective adsorption can be used to achieve the automatic formation of nano patterns,and the pattern formation effect is influenced by factors such as atomic interaction energy and pattern configuration.

Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Urban Spatial Form and Carbon Emissions in Poyang Lake City Group

In response to the inherent requirements of low-carbon land spatial planning in Jiangxi Province and the lack of existing research,this paper explored the mechanism of spatial form elements of Poyang Lake urban agglomeration on urban carbon emissions.Based on generalized linear regression and geographically weighted regression models,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of carbon emissions,the spatiotemporal relationship between urban form index and carbon emissions,and the spatial differentiation of the intensity of dominant factors from 63 county-level administrative units in the Poyang Lake city group from 2005 to 2020.The results showed that:①The carbon emissions of urban agglomerations around Poyang Lake are generally increasing,and the spatial distribution of carbon emissions is characterized by high-value concentration in the middle and low-value agglomeration in pieces;②The main driving factor for the spatial heterogeneity of carbon emissions was the expansion of built-up area;③Improving urban compactness and optimizing urban form could effectively reduce urban carbon emissions.The results showcased the correlation between urban spatial landscape pattern and the spatiotemporal distribution of carbon emissions,which could make the low-carbon land spatial planning in the Poyang Lake city group more reasonable and practical.

Print Form^(TM) HR成形网的编织设计与应用

介绍了Voith公司新近开发的Print FormTM HR成形网的设计理念,叙述了在成形网性能指标的诸多要求中,采用综合折中的设计方法,实现成形网性能的最佳化。同时,也介绍了Print FormTM HR成形网在世界各国造纸企业中的应用实例。

Investigating the Effect of Sidewalk Flooring on the Behavioral Pattern (Walking) of Citizens in Urban Spaces (Case Study: Vali asr St., Tehran)

The present study has evaluated the effect of architectural forms on the walking activity of citizens as a behavioral model in urban physical spaces.The research hypothesis claims that by designing purposeful and appropriate architectural forms,the behavior and actions of users in urban physical spaces can be to some extent,it designed or controlled,and that the pattern and domains of human behavior in urban streets are the result of the components of environmental quality that are included in the design of that street.The present theoretical proposition has been tested in two sequences from Valiasr Street in Tehran.At the theoretical level,the research method is descriptive-analytical and at the experimental level,it is a survey that has been done using the behavioral research method.The results show that the floor form and street form are the most influential architectural forms in urban physical spaces on the activity of users walking from space in the study sample.Also,some environmental factors have a direct effect on human reactions;The research findings show that people’s speed is directly related to the dimensions of sidewalk carpets and a person tries to take a step according to the senses he receives from the sidewalk flooring form and as a result his speed changes according to those forms.

A case study of Chinese double-character vocabularies in modem China--Taking the completive pattern of ＂Exploitation of the Works of Nature＂ as an example

This paper focuses on the research on the vocabularies in the modem Chinese monograph with the division of history into periods and the special classes of the ancient codes and records. ＂Exploitation of the Works of Nature＂ is China＇s first encyclopedia on the production technologies of the agricultural and handicraft industries, published in 1637, with the contents covering many fields of the social production. It can fully reflect the terminologies of various industries in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty and the real situation of the language at that time, which has a very high value of the linguistic research. The article extracts 5573 double-character compound words from the whole book, and uses the method of the quantitative analysis and the qualitative analysis to study the vocabularies of the whole book. Limited by the length of the text, the article carries out the investigation and analysis with the supplementary double-character words as the examples.

BEARING IN MIND MEGATREND FOR PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT AGAINST CHANGING INTERNATIONAL PATTERN

Uncertainties in the International Situation Are on the Increase and Transformation of International Pattern and Order Accelerates and Deepens Since 2016,the world has begun to enter into a historical period of uncertainty.The fact that the Ukrainian Crisis has dragged on for long and that

Formation mechanism of tight sandstone gas in areas of low hydrocarbon generation intensity: A case study of the Upper Paleozoic in north Tianhuan depression in Ordos Basin, NW China

The Upper Paleozoic in the north part of Tianhuan depression in the Ordos Basin,NW China has lower hydrocarbon generation intensity and complex gas-water relationship,the main factors controlling the formation of tight sandstone gas and the distribution of tight sandstone gas in the low hydrocarbon generation intensity area are studied.Through two-dimensional physical simulation experiment of hydrocarbon accumulation,analysis of reservoir micro-pore-throat hydrocarbon system and dissection of typical gas reservoirs,the evaluation models of gas injection pressure,reservoir physical property,and gas generation threshold were established to determine the features of tight gas reservoirs in low hydrocarbon intensity area:(1)at the burial depth of less than 3 000 m,the hydrocarbon generation intensity ofis high enough to maintain effective charging;(2)tight sandstone in large scale occurrence is conducive to accumulation of tight gas;(3)differences in reservoir physical property control the distribution of gas pool,for the channel sandstone reservoirs,ones with better physical properties generally concentrate in the middle of sandstone zone and local structural highs;ones with poor physical properties have low gas content generally.Based on the dissection of the gas reservoir in the north Tianhuan depression,the formation of tight gas reservoirs in low hydrocarbon generating intensity area are characterized by"long term continuous charging under hydrocarbon generation pressure,gas accumulation in large scale tight sandstone,pool control by difference in reservoir physical property,and local sweet spot",and the tight gas pools are distributed in discontinuous"sheets"on the plane.This understanding has been proved by expanding exploration of tight sandstone gas in the north Tianhuan depression.

官控层级作用下海盐聚落体系演变研究——以明清两淮盐区为例

梳理明清海盐产区官控层级由“分司-盐场-团”向“分司-盐场-灶”发展过程中各层级职能的变化,建立与官控层级对应的“分司-场治-团”和“分司-场治-市镇-生产”的聚落发展体系。从时间纵向的角度,立足官控层级重心迁移,结合经济、自然、文化等因素的变化,解析海盐聚落体系整体格局的纵横发展,总结聚落体系层级格局分布的演变规律。立足官控层级职能变迁,结合明清海盐聚落体系空间构成要素的量化分析,对海盐聚落体系层级空间形态的演变规律进行总结。研究现代东部沿海聚落体系的由来和发展过程,并为后续古代海盐手工业聚落体系的全面构建奠定基础。

苏轼“诗书一体”观:内涵、机理与成因

苏轼将诗书画引向深度结合,“诗不能尽,溢而为书,变而为画,皆诗之余”是苏轼“诗书一体”观的核心表达,其内涵是以“德”为灵魂,以诗意为统领的综合艺术论。破体为文、体兼众妙、形式相连、书卷气息构成了苏轼不同文体、书体之间以及文学与书法两种不同艺术形式之间的内在机理,“书卷气”是苏轼书法人文化、文学化的典型表现。苏轼的“吾所谓文,必与道俱”“慧之生定,速于定之生慧”以及“笔墨之迹,托于有形,有形则有弊”等文艺思想和哲学观念,乃是形成其“诗书一体”观以及文学与书法在求道之途上存在统一性、多样性、层次性和差异性的主要缘由。

济阳坳陷孤西潜山带构造演化及其对油气差异富集的控制

为明确济阳坳陷孤西潜山带油气差异富集特征,指导下步油气勘探方向优选,综合利用钻井及地震资料,在潜山地质特征分析的基础上,对潜山构造演化及其对油气差异富集的控制作用进行了研究。结果表明,印支期以来,孤西潜山带经历了晚三叠世挤压抬升剥蚀、早—中侏罗世弱挤压到截凸填凹、晚侏罗世挤压抬升剥蚀、早白垩世左行走滑拉张、晚白垩世挤压抬升剥蚀、古近纪右行走滑拉张高位潜山剥蚀等4期挤压、2期拉张、2期走滑、5期剥蚀的演化过程,并于新近纪整体沉降定型,在孤西潜山带形成高位潜山和低位潜山2类潜山,整体具有“NW向断层控带、NE(EW)向断层控山、垒堑相间”的构造格局。多期构造活动作用的叠加,导致2类潜山在源储对接关系、油藏类型和油气富集特征上具有明显差异,高位潜山斜坡带上古生界和中生界地层油藏最为富集,低位潜山各层系均可成藏,且以古生界构造油藏最为富集,同种类型的潜山由于成藏要素配置关系的不同,其油气富集特征也有所差异。埕中、埕东、孤岛等高位潜山斜坡带地层油藏,孤北、垦利等低位潜山下古生界风化壳油藏及内幕构造油藏和上古生界及中生界构造油藏是下步重点勘探目标。

基于城市职能的明清金州古城景观格局之发展演变研究

金州古城地处辽东边陲,其城市平面和功能布局既受到军事防御功能的影响,又体现出儒家礼制的特征。古城空间格局在明代已初具规模,又经清代的建设与发展,形成了较为成熟的城市功能和完善的道路体系。将历经时代变迁的金州古城三维城市肌理变化以二维方式来进行体现,通过对明清两代古城空间结构与营建特点的介绍,直观感受城市空间与职能的发展和演变,进而对金州古城空间形态、功能区域以及城市职能转变的推动力进行了解析,并阐释了城市发展的动因。

论中国古代都城规划的形制束与规范变迁——基于《考工记》后17个古代都城的实证

针对中国古代都城规划在学界一直存有争论的两个基本问题:(1)为什么《考工记》在后世实践中鲜有完全匹配其形制的案例?(2)为什么本出同源的明清都城与秦汉都城在空间形制上差异如此之大?从社会思潮的视角,提出自然形制、人文形制、功能形制以形制束的方式平行作用于都城,且其规范经多次历史变迁的总论点。剖析了各形制内容,阐述了规范变迁的社会动因与演变过程。实证以西周至清代17个都城城址为依据,通过对历代城址图的连续性切片解构,构建出以“形制-规范”为横轴、历代都城时序为纵轴的形制束解析框架和规范变迁表,并辅以“史料-图解-数据”的文-图-数实证支撑体系,验证上述论点。为古代都城规划摆脱孤立个案研究提供了一种新思路。

晋西传统聚落的空间格局——以高阳村为例

传统聚落是物质文化遗产与非物质文化遗产的结合体,是古村落千百年来历史的见证者,其保留至今的村落空间格局为研究聚落的发展奠定了基础。文章对晋西传统聚落的空间格局展开深入分析,以高阳村为例,从选址格局、村落格局、空间形态分析三方面进行研究,总结得到高阳村的空间格局内在发展规律,挖掘古村落的空间文化价值,为晋西传统聚落的保护与发展提供新的依据,同时也为历史文化遗产的深入研究开辟新的途径和方法。

“双碳”目标下北京城市形态时空演变及其对碳排放的影响

控制碳排放是实现“双碳”战略目标和城市低碳发展的重要举措,城市形态与碳排放关系密切。基于2000—2020年碳排放、土地利用和景观格局指数等数据得到北京市碳排放和城市形态时空演变格局,构建面板数据模型探究城市形态对碳排放的影响,通过最优参数地理探测器揭示城市形态因子对碳排放的驱动因素。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年碳排放空间上呈现中心高、四周低、由中心向周边扩散的分布格局,其中2001—2005年和2010—2015年增幅分别为-13.8%和15.8%;(2)2000—2020年北京市城市形态因子具有明显的时空演变特征,平均斑块类型面积、最大斑块指数和有效格网大小增长率分别为56.4%、78%和112%,平均斑块密度呈下降趋势,斑块结合度和分散指数变化不明显;(3)城市形态与碳排放之间存在显著相关性,斑块密度和有效格网大小与碳排放呈负相关性,斑块结合度对碳排放有正向影响;(4)城市形态因子对碳排放影响程度排序为:有效格网大小>斑块类型面积>最大斑块指数>斑块结合度>分散指数>斑块密度>周长面积分维,且有效格网大小与分散指数的交互作用对碳排放空间异质性影响程度最高。不同地区应因地制宜考虑城市形态对碳排放的影响,进而制定其空间格局优化策略。

三棱形PDC齿破岩特性数值模拟研究

常规PDC钻头在研磨性地层中面临磨损严重、吃入困难、机械钻速低等问题。三棱形PDC齿较常规平面PDC齿具有更好的破岩效果,但是关于三棱形PDC齿的布齿参数、齿形参数的优选缺乏依据。为此,通过有限元仿真分析软件建立了破岩仿真模型,开展了三棱形PDC齿破岩机理研究,剖析了在垂向压入和刮切破岩时三棱形PDC齿的力学特性和破岩规律。研究结果表明:垂直压入破岩时,在相同压力作用下,三棱形PDC齿吃入岩石的深度大于常规平面PDC齿,当前倾角γ<15°时,三棱形PDC齿的破岩效果优于常规平面PDC齿;刮切破岩时,三棱形PDC齿的最优前倾角为10°,最优脊面倾角为3°,最优侧转角为2°。现场试验结果表明,在研磨性地层中三棱形PDC齿比常规平面PDC齿表现出更好的耐磨性和耐冲击性,三棱形齿PDC钻头的机械钻速达到常规平面齿PDC钻头的2.37倍。研究结果可为高研磨性地层的PDC钻头优选提供指导和参考。

东周楚国丝织物中植物纹艺术特征探析

东周楚墓出土的丝织物中植物纹种类丰富,造型生动多变,是楚人民族精神、审美意趣、价值追求的物化体现。以马山一号楚墓出土的丝织物上的植物纹为研究对象,运用文献研究、图像分析、二重证据互证等研究方法,对丝织物上植物纹的构成形式、审美特征、成因进行探究。研究表明:早在东周时期楚国丝织物上就存在大量植物纹,楚人的自然智慧与文化交流促成植物纹样造型生动、搭配巧妙、工艺技法灵活。适宜的环境、道家思想的影响,促进了植物纹的产生与发展,上层文化与下层文化的交融使植物纹兼具世俗性与礼仪性。

基于图式语言的滨河景观平面形态生成研究——以济南龙马河公园为例

滨河景观作为蓝绿空间的重要组成,在建设过程中呈现的形态同质化现象突出,有必要以形态研究为基础探讨滨河景观提档升级的内在动力。从作为空间生成基础的平面形态识别出发,引入图式语言范式,在尺度的控制下通过转译水体、驳岸、道路、地形、植物、构筑物六要素归纳了122个基本平面形态图式及其组合可能性以构建语汇。基于设计案例的横向对比,阐释了语汇复现方法和上属语言体系的能动性。通过选取适宜的图式实践于龙马河公园景观平面形态的生成,验证了从功能、从场地出发两种语汇复现方法的可行性,表明平面形态图式的积累是滨河景观初期设计创新的一个切入点。

松嫩草甸草原植物群落物种组成和多样性对刈割和长期放牧的响应

为明晰不同利用方式对松嫩草甸草原不同植物群落物种组成和多样性的影响,本研究通过对松嫩平原西部地带性植被草甸草原在刈割和长期放牧利用下两种典型群落-羊草(Leymus chinensis)群落和野古草(Arundinella hirta)群落的调查与分析,探究了两种利用方式对群落植物物种组成、重要值、生活型、数量特征及多样性等指标的影响。结果表明:刈割和长期放牧下羊草群落物种数为18种和21种,禾本科植物占比最高,分别为33.3%和45.45%;野古草群落物种数分别为39种和32种,禾本科植物占比为23.1%和21.9%。长期放牧增加羊草群落地面芽植物和野古草群落一年生植物占比,降低野古草群落地面芽植物占比。两种利用方式下两个群落饲用价值类型均以优良牧草的种类最多,占比分别为58.76%(刈割羊草群落)、53.33%(长期放牧羊草群落)、46.56%(刈割野古草群落)和46.63%(长期放牧野古草群落)。长期放牧显著降低了两个植物群落的盖度、高度和生物量(P <0.05)。与刈割相比,长期放牧下植物群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数均呈增加趋势。长期放牧下羊草群落和野古草群落S?rensen相似性指数更高,两个群落植物物种相似度更高;而Cody指数在刈割利用下更高,两个群落物种组成在刈割利用下的变化幅度更大。刈割和放牧对松嫩草甸草原不同植物群落的组成和多样性能够产生不同程度的影响,合理适度的利用方式和保护措施将更有利于对草原资源的可持续利用。

爪型符号模式矩阵要求代数正的相关研究

基于爪形符号模式矩阵的结构特点,研究了爪型符号模式矩阵是否要求代数正.利用图论和组合矩阵论的知识,证明了爪型符号模式矩阵要求代数正的必要条件.同时,分别给出了阶数小于5的爪型符号模式矩阵要求代数正的等价条件.研究结论丰富了组合矩阵理论,为符号模式矩阵允许代数正和要求代数正的研究提供了方法和思路.