Mega-Constellations Based TT&C Resource Sharing: Keep Reliable Aeronautical Communication in an Emergency

With the development of the transportation industry, the effective guidance of aircraft in an emergency to prevent catastrophic accidents remains one of the top safety concerns. Undoubtedly, operational status data of the aircraft play an important role in the judgment and command of the Operational Control Center(OCC). However, how to transmit various operational status data from abnormal aircraft back to the OCC in an emergency is still an open problem. In this paper, we propose a novel Telemetry, Tracking,and Command(TT&C) architecture named Collaborative TT&C(CoTT&C) based on mega-constellation to solve such a problem. CoTT&C allows each satellite to help the abnormal aircraft by sharing TT&C resources when needed, realizing real-time and reliable aeronautical communication in an emergency. Specifically, we design a dynamic resource sharing mechanism for CoTT&C and model the mechanism as a single-leader-multi-follower Stackelberg game. Further, we give an unique Nash Equilibrium(NE) of the game as a closed form. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed resource sharing mechanism is effective, incentive compatible, fair, and reciprocal. We hope that our findings can shed some light for future research on aeronautical communications in an emergency.

Intraclonal Resource Sharing and Functional Specialization of Ramets in Response to Resource Heterogeneity in Three Stoloniferous Herbs

Environments with reciprocal patchiness of resources, in which the availability of two resources such as light and soil nutrients are patchily distributed in horizontal space and negatively correlated in each patch, are common in many ecosystems. The strategies by which clonal plants adapt to this type of heterogeneous environment were examined in three stoloniferous herbs,Potentilla reptans L. var. sericophylla Franch., P. anserina L. and Halerpestes ruthenica (Jacq.) Qvcz., commonly inhabiting forest understories, grasslands and low saline meadows, respectively. As pairs of connected ramets were subjected to reciprocal patchiness of light and nutrients, stolon connection between the two ramets significantly enhanced biomass of both ramet growing in low light intensity but high soil nutrient condition (LH ramet) and ramet growing in high light intensity but low soil nutrient condition (HL ramet) as well as whole ramet pairs (consisting of LH ramets and HL ramets). Additionally, stolon connection greatly increased root/shoot ratio of LH ramet while significantly decreased that of HL ramet. The results indicate that a reciprocal transportation of resources between interconnected ramets and a functional specialization of ramets in uptake of abundant resources occurred. By resource sharing and functional specialization, clonal plants can efficiently acquire locally abundant resources and buffer the stress caused by reciprocal patchiness of resources.

Documentation Concordance,Sharing and Utilization of Tea Germplasm Resources in Yunnan

In this paper,the research achievements and progress of Yunnan tea germplasm resource in past sixty years are systematically reviewed from the following aspects：exploration,collecting,conservation,protection,identification,evaluation and shared utilization.Simultaneously,the current problems and the suggestions about subsequent development of tea germplasm resources in Yunnan were discussed,including superior and rare germplasm collection,tea genetic diversity research,biotechnology utilization in tea germplasm innovation,super gene exploration and function,the construction of utilization platform,biological base of species and population conservation.

Dilemma and Exploration of Resource Sharing in University Museums of Natural History——using Natural History Museum of Zhengzhou Normal University as an example

A natural history museum is a museum for collection, researching and presenting natural environment and natural heritages about natural history. In the research, based on the analysis on necessity of university museums’ services to society in resources sharing, the difficulties and dilemmas were summarized in sharing resources of museums and the approaches for resources sharing were explored with the case of Natural History Museum of Zhengzhou Normal University in order to investigate the way for better services of university museum to the public.

CRESS: A Platform of Infrastructure Resource Sharing for Educational Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is very attractive for schools, research institutions and enterpri- ses which need reducing IT costs, improving computing platform sharing and meeting lice- nse constraints. Sharing, management and on- demand allocation of network resources are particularly important in Cloud computing. Ho- wever, nearly all-current available cloud com- puting platforms are either proprietary or their software infrastructure is invisible to the rese- arch community except for a few open-source platforms. For universities and research insti- tutes, more open and testable experimental plat- forms are needed in a lab-level with PCs. In this paper, a platform of infrastructure resou- rce sharing system （Platform as a Service （PaaS）） is developed in virtual Cloud comput- hug environment. Its architecture, core modules, main functions, design and operational envir- onment and applications are introduced in de- tail. It has good expandability and can impr- ove resource sharing and utilization and is app- lied to regular computer science teaching and research process.

A Peer-to-Peer Resource Sharing Scheme Using Trusted Computing Technology

Facing the increasing security issues in P2P networks, a scheme for resource sharing using trusted computing technologies is proposed in this paper. We advance a RS-UCON model with decision continuity and attribute mutability to control the usage process and an architecture to illustrate how TC technologies support policy enforcement with bidirectional attestation. The properties required for attestation should include not only integrity measurement value of platform and related application, but also reputation of users and access history, in order to avoid the limitation of the existing approaches. To make a permission, it is required to evaluate both the authorization and conditions of the subject and the object in resource usage to ensure trustable resources to be transferred to trusted users and platform.

A Game Theoretic Approach for Hierarchical Caching Resource Sharing in 5G Networks with Virtualization

Caching and virtualization have been considered as the promising techniques in 5G Networks. In 5G networks with virtualization, the caching resources deployed by infrastructure providers (InPs) can be abstracted into isolated slices and transparently shared by mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs). In this case, one of the most important issues is how the MVNOs to share the caching resource. To solve this issue, different from previous works, a hierarchical caching architecture that core network and radio access network (RAN) have the caching capability in 5G networks with virtualization is first considered in this paper. Then, we study the problem of hierarchical caching resource sharing for MVNOs, and a competitive game to maximize their expectation revenue based on the oligopoly market model is formulated. As it is a hard problem to find the optimal solution in the hierarchical caching resource sharing problem, we decompose the optimization problem into two independent caching resource sharing problems in RAN and core network, respectively. Then the local optimal solutions are solved and the global Nash equilibrium solution is achieved. Finally, simulation results are illustrated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme.

Research and Simulation of Parking Resource Sharing Mode in Old Community—Taking Yingmenkou Community as an Example

In recent years, the number of permanent residents in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China has continued to grow, and the number of private cars keeps rising. A series of problems caused by difficult parking and random parking in old communities are common. This paper will take the parking problem of the old community in Yingmenkou community, Chengdu, China as an example to summarize the current situation and parking problems of the private car parking facilities in these old communities. Based on Chengdu’s current old community parking management policy, parking facility renovation and expansion policy, this paper researches and establishes a parking resource sharing model suitable for old communities. The simulation results show that this model has a small footprint and is easy to install and disassemble. It can be freely spliced and combined units according to the size of the old community and the needs of residents. It is suitable for old communities with no centralized parking lot and high parking demand by residents.

Blockchain-enabled resource management and sharing for 6G communications

The sixth-generation(6G)network must provide better performance than previous generations to meet the requirements of emerging services and applications,such as multi-gigabit transmission rate,higher reliability,and sub-1 ms latency and ubiquitous connection for the Internet of Everything(IoE).However,with the scarcity of spectrum resources,efficient resource management and sharing are crucial to achieving all these ambitious requirements.One possible technology to achieve all this is the blockchain.Because of its inherent properties,the blockchain has recently gained an important position,which is of great significance to the 6G network and other networks.In particular,the integration of the blockchain in 6G will enable the network to monitor and manage resource utilization and sharing efficiently.Hence,in this paper,we discuss the potentials of the blockchain for resource management and sharing in 6G using multiple application scenarios,namely,Internet of things,deviceto-device communications,network slicing,and inter-domain blockchain ecosystems.

A dynamic and resource sharing virtual network mapping algorithm

Network virtualization can effectively establish dedicated virtual networks to implement various network functions.However,the existing research works have some shortcomings,for example,although computing resource properties of individual nodes are considered,node storage properties and the network topology properties are usually ignored in Virtual Network(VN)modelling,which leads to the inaccurate measurement of node availability and priority.In addition,most static virtual network mapping methods allocate fixed resources to users during the entire life cycle,and the users’actual resource requirements vary with the workload,which results in resource allocation redundancy.Based on the above analysis,in this paper,we propose a dynamic resource sharing virtual network mapping algorithm named NMA-PRS-VNE,first,we construct a new,more realistic network framework in which the properties of nodes include computing resources,storage resources and topology properties.In the node mapping process,three properties of the node are used to measure its mapping ability.Second,we consider the resources of adjacent nodes and links instead of the traditional method of measuring the availability and priority of nodes by considering only the resource properties,so as to more accurately select the physical mapping nodes that meet the constraints and conditions and improve the success rate of subsequent link mapping.Finally,we divide the resource requirements of Virtual Network Requests(VNRs)into basic subrequirements and variable sub-variable requirements to complete dynamic resource allocation.The former represents monopolizing resource requirements by the VNRs,while the latter represents shared resources by many VNRs with the probability of occupying resources,where we keep a balance between resource sharing and collision among users by calculating the collision probability.Simulation results show that the proposed NMAPRS-VNE can increase the average acceptance rate and network revenue by 15%and 38%,and reduce the network cost and link pressure by 25%and 17%.

Residential Parking Service Model Based on Resource Sharing

Aiming at solving pressing parking issues in the urban environment, a residential parking spaces sharing model was proposed in this study. In this model, firstly, the residential community pattern, the status of idle parking spaces, and the temporal and spatial characteristics of sharing parking had been analyzed. Next,in the convenience of modeling,medical institutions that have the most prominent parking problems were selected as the subject of study. Based on the K-S statistical analysis results and the actual parking sharing situation,it was observed that the residential parking sharing time satisfied the shifted negative exponential distribution( SNED). Finally,a probability model of shared service capacity based on the SNED and critical time condition was established. By applying the statistical analysis method,the time of vehicles passing in and out of parking spaces, the idle time of parking spaces, the shifted distribution parameters, and other important model parameters had been calibrated,which was leading to the algorithm of model. In addition,considering the feasibility of model without sufficient data,the vehicle travel probability,the stagnation rate of parking space,and the status of parking spaces were defined and the reference data were also provided. The results of case studies indicate that it is very promising to solve urban parking issues if the residential community shares its rich parking resources with adjacent commercial buildings.

CWoT-Share: Context-Based Web of Things Resource Sharing in Blockchain Environment

Web of Things(WoT)resources are not only numerous,but also have a wide range of applications and deployments.The centralized WoT resource sharing mechanism lacks flexibility and scalability,and hence cannot satisfy requirement of distributed resource sharing in large-scale environment.In response to this problem,a trusted and secure mechanism for WoT resources sharing based on context and blockchain(CWoT-Share)was proposed.Firstly,the mechanism can respond quickly to the changes of the application environment by dynamically determining resource access control rules according to the context.Then,the flexible resource charging strategies,which reduced the fees paid by the users who shared more resources and increased the fees paid by users who frequently used resources maliciously,were used to fulfill efficient sharing of WoT resources.Meanwhile,the charging strategies also achieve load balancing by dynamic selection of WoT resources.Finally,the open source blockchain platform Ethereum was used for the simulation and the simulation results show that CWoT-Share can flexibly adapt to the application environment and dynamically adjust strategies of resource access control and resource charging.

Analysis and Optimization of Validation Procedure in Blockchain-Enhanced Wireless Resource Sharing and Transactions

To ensure the security of resource and intelligence sharing in 6G,blockchain has been widely adopted in wireless communications and applications.Although blockchain can ensure the traceability and non-tamperability of data in the concatenated blocks,it cannot guarantee the honest behaviors of users in the application before the generation of transactions.Thus,additional technologies are required to ensure that the source of blockchain data is reliable.In this paper,the detailed procedure is designed for the application-oriented task validation in the blockchainenhanced computing resource sharing and transactions in ultra dense networks(UDN).The corresponding queuing model is built and analyzed with the consideration of the wireless re-transmission and the probability of malicious deception by users.Based on the analysis results,the UDN deployment is optimized to save network cost while ensuring latency performance.Numerical results verify our analysis,and the optimized system deployment including the number and service capacities of both base stations and mobile edge computing(MEC)servers are also given with various system settings.

The Application of Cloud Computing in Virtual Enterprise’s Information Resources Sharing

With the rapid development of social,science and technology ,we are always looking for the advanced and rapid manufacturing method and the management pattern.thus a new enterprise cooperation pattern-Virtual Enterprise arises at the historic moment. The cooperation is a process which advantages the temporary enterprise resources each other. Therefore, the virtual enterprise must encounter the problem that how to realize the virtual enterprises’ information resources sharing and improve the efficiency of enterprise cooperation. This paper uses the cloud computing’s advantage to solve the problem of virtual enterprise information resources sharing. Then enterprise is able to share the information of different regions,different computing environment and improve the efficiency of virtual enterprise cooperation.

Digital Knowledge Resources Sharing Through Online Distance Education Course

Since the electronic resources and Internet Web sites became popular, distance education courses offered via the Internet could play an important role in providing global digital resources and teaching the knowledge of international library and information standards for bibliographic databases with electronic and web resources.This paper uses the example of the author's new online course: ILS 608 Cataloging and Development of a Digital Union Catalog for Ancient Chinese Books to demonstrate the global re...

Architecture of Intelligent Grouping and Resource Sharing Standard

The Intelligent Grouping and Resource Sharing (IGRS) standard is set to enable intelligent grouping, resource sharing and services collaboration among information devices. An IGRS system adopts open architecture, that is, the devices abide by the IGRS standard are interoperable with devices following other standards such as Universal Plug and Play (UPnP). The IGRS supports multiple application frameworks and special applications. Developers can use an IGRS media application framework with various media format standards, such as AVS and MPEG-2, to develop multimedia applications. Applied among computers, consumer electronics, and communication devices, the IGRS standard can realize resource sharing and services collaboration in a certain range of wired or wireless network domain.

Low-Cost Federated Broad Learning for Privacy-Preserved Knowledge Sharing in the RIS-Aided Internet of Vehicles

High-efficiency and low-cost knowledge sharing can improve the decision-making ability of autonomous vehicles by mining knowledge from the Internet of Vehicles(IoVs).However,it is challenging to ensure high efficiency of local data learning models while preventing privacy leakage in a high mobility environment.In order to protect data privacy and improve data learning efficiency in knowledge sharing,we propose an asynchronous federated broad learning(FBL)framework that integrates broad learning(BL)into federated learning(FL).In FBL,we design a broad fully connected model(BFCM)as a local model for training client data.To enhance the wireless channel quality for knowledge sharing and reduce the communication and computation cost of participating clients,we construct a joint resource allocation and reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)configuration optimization framework for FBL.The problem is decoupled into two convex subproblems.Aiming to improve the resource scheduling efficiency in FBL,a double Davidon–Fletcher–Powell(DDFP)algorithm is presented to solve the time slot allocation and RIS configuration problem.Based on the results of resource scheduling,we design a reward-allocation algorithm based on federated incentive learning(FIL)in FBL to compensate clients for their costs.The simulation results show that the proposed FBL framework achieves better performance than the comparison models in terms of efficiency,accuracy,and cost for knowledge sharing in the IoV.

Incentive Mechanism Model Design for Sharing of Information Resources in Rural Areas

In order to solve the issues concerning the cross-unit sharing of information resources in rural areas, we analyze the incentive problem of the sharing of information resources in rural areas using the incentive theory method; establish corresponding incentive mechanism model (It is divided into positive incentive model and negative incentive model, and only when the two models guarantee each other and are used at the same time can they be effective). Based on this, we put forward the institutional design for sharing of information resources in rural areas as follows: firstly, establishing an administrative agency of rural information resources sharing, above the authority of all units, responsible for related work on sharing of information resources in rural areas; secondly, establishing and improving the positive and negative incentive mechanisms, to ensure the realization of sharing of information resources in rural areas.

Standardization Promotes the Construction of Shandong E-government Resource Sharing

Standardization is the basis of e-government construction which aims to link organically government affair systems of different departments through standardized method and provide technical guidelines and specifications for collaborative work in all affair aspects. Standardized coordination and optimization can help to guarantee the safety and reliability of e-government construction and promote efficiency. This article discusses the achievements, existing problems and experience of Shandong e-government standardization.

Task sharing in psychotherapy as a viable global mental health approach in resource-poor countries and also in high-resource settings

A global disparity exists between the burden of mental ill-health and the resources available to address this issue.Common mental disorders,such as mild-to-moderate depression,anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder,are associated with a significant decline in health and functioning and contribute significantly to the overall burden of disease.In view of a shortage of mental health professionals in most low-and middle-income countries,task sharing(task shifting)can make an important contribution to improving access to mental health services.Task sharing involves non-specialists in the delivery of health care.The use of lay health workers is premised on the assumption that the shorter training required for non professionals will allow an increase in the provision of required care without the need for an increase in resources and will strengthen and scale-up sustainable health systems.The need for low-tech support in the management of conunon mental disorders is widespread,and the core resource is humans trained to identify and treat those requiring mental health care.There is a strong evidence base for the effectiveness of task sharing in psychotherapy,and talk therapies,e.g.cognitive behavioral therapy,can easily be delegated to non-specialists,including non-specialist health workers,peer helpers and lay people.A(cost-)effective model of mental health care in low-resource settings as well as in high-income countries may include the medical school-based training of some psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in the treatment of referred patients with serious mental illness.These professional mental health specialists would also be trainers and supervisors of non-specialist health workers who would identify common mental health disorders and provide psychotherapy to people with these conditions in a community-based setting.Community-based generalism including task sharing rather than centralized specialism may be capable of preventing and treating many common mental disorders with minor financial expenditure.