Generalization of Results of Computations and Natural Experiments at Steel Parts Quenching

Complicated changes occur inside the steel parts during quenching process. A three dimensional nonlinear mathematical model for quenching process has been established and the numerical simulation on temperature field, microstructure and stress field has been realized. The alternative technique for the formation of high-strength materials has been developed on the basis of intensification of heat transfer at phase transformations. The technology for the achievement of maximum compressive residual stresses on the hard surface is introduced. It has been shown that there is an optimal depth of hard layer providing the maximum compression stresses on the surface. It has also been established that in the surface hard layer additional strengthening (superstrengthening) of the material is observed. The generalized formula for the determination of the time of reaching maximum compressive stresses on the surface has been proposed.

A Simple Statistical Estimation of One’s Performance in an MCQ Examination, Based Upon Mock Test Results, Using Binomial Distribution of Probability

A simple statistical model is proposed regarding the estimation of one’s overall performance in an MCQ examination along with the calculation of probability of obtaining a certain percentage of marks in the same. Using the data obtained from the results of a sufficiently large number of mock examinations, conducted prior to the main examination, certain parameters quantifying one’s knowledge or preparation for the examination has been calculated. Based on those parameters, the probability of obtaining a certain percentage of marks has been computed using the theory of binomial probability distribution. The dependence of this probability function on various parameters has been depicted graphically. A parameter, called the performance index, has been defined in terms of the expectation value and standard deviation of marks computed from probability distribution. Using this parameter, a new parameter called the relative performance index has been defined. This index estimates one’s performance with respect to the best possible performance. The variation of relative performance index with respect to the preparation index has been shown graphically for different parameter values quantifying various aspects regarding the examination and the examinee.

Role of Program-for-Results Financing System in Infrastructure Sector:Evidence from Egypt and Ethiopia

This study aims are two folds:First is to investigate the role of the World Bank funding through using a novel financing instrument called Program-for-Results(P for R)to strengthen the government programs and second is to assess the P for R programs adopted in countries focusing on the direct effects and the results.The Bank currently has three integral financing options to offer client countries:Investment Project Financing supports specific projects and disburses against specific expenditures and transactions,Development Policy Lending supports policy and institutional reforms and provides general budget support,and P for R Financing supports government programs and disburses against results.Results for the P for R reflect on the new level because disbursements are directly linked to the achievement of measurable and verifiable outcome.As well,the Disbursement-Linked Indicators(DLIs)are used to provide governments with incentives to achieve critical program milestones and enhance the performance of programs.This study structured based on descriptive and observed the behavior of two countries’government(Egypt and Ethiopia)for using P for R financing loan in a national project.On the ground,the field of practices was the main indicator in this stage of the investigation,then one of the P for R programs was compared to observe the effectiveness of this kind of financing system in these two countries specifically in the infrastructure sector,and classifications of DLIs were the main parameter in this comparison.The outcome and the existing literature are analyzed to develop a multibeneficial for country adopting P for R collaborative programs,as they should be applied to mitigate the same challenges and solve the institutional complications for the beneficial countries homogeneously.Furthermore,enhance the profit generated from this kind of program targeting via sustainable management tools.

Anterior rectopexy for full-thickness rectal prolapse: Technical and functional results

AIM:To assess effectiveness, complications, recurrence rate, and recent improvements of the anterior rectopexy procedure for treatment of total rectal prolapse.METHODS:MEDLINE, Pub Med, EMBASE, and other relevant database were searched to identify studies.Randomized controlled trials, non-randomized studies and original articles in English language, with more than 10 patients who underwent laparoscopic ventral rectopexy for full-thickness rectal prolapse, with a follow-up over 3 mo were considered for the review.RESULTS:Twelve non-randomized case series studies with 574 patients were included in the review.No surgical mortality was described.Conversion was needed in 17 cases(2.9%), most often due to difficult adhesiolysis.Twenty eight patients(4.8%) presented with major complications.Seven(1.2%) mesh-related complications were reported.Most frequent complications were urinary tract infection and urinary retention.Mean recurrence rate was 4.7% with a median follow-up of 23 mo.Improvement of constipation ranged from 3%-72% of the patients and worsening or new onset occurred in 0%-20%.Incontinence improved in 31%-84% patients who presented fecal incontinence at various stages.Evaluation of functional score was disparate between studies.CONCLUSION:Based on the low long-term recurrence rate and favorable outcome data in terms of low de novo constipation rate, improvement of anal incontinence, and low complications rate, laparoscopic anterior rectopexy seems to emerge as an efficient procedure for the treatment of patients with total rectal prolapse.

ISI Web of Knowledge新增分析工具Results Analysis探讨——BIOSIS Previews检索实践

针对检索结果的信息分析和信息挖掘的分析工具Results Analysis是ISI Web of Knowledge于2004年新增的服务功能。以BIOSIS Previews为检索实例,详细探讨Results Analysis分析工具的使用方法和功能,并提出改进的建议。

Design and Implementation of Mobile Application for Results Dissemination System

Mobile application is a kind of an application system delivered via on mobile phone, it is basically network-enabled convey of skills and knowledge. Due to advanced technology of smart phones, this application has become an important system that facilitates a large amount of people to access the information efficiently. The aim of this research is to design and implement a mobile application which is able to disseminate student’s results of their exams. We have developed this application with Java Programming Language, Phased model as Software Development methodology and Android technology [1]. This research has used following methods in terms of collecting data;This research has used following methods in terms of collecting data: documentation, interview and observation techniques. The researcher has concluded that the system has been successfully implemented using Phased Model Methodology.

GoPubMed与Web of Knowledge分析工具Analyze Results的比较研究

GoPubMed是基于本体论的生物医学文献分析工具,它可以对检索到的PubMed文献进行全方位的统计分析,Web of Knowlegde平台的Analyze Results分析功能也可对检索结果进行统计分析。对这2种文献分析工具特点进行对比分析。

Long-term results of paclitaxel plus cisplatin with concurrent radiotherapy for loco-regional esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM To evaluate the long-term effectiveness and late toxicities of paclitaxel(PTX) plus cisplatin(DDP) with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cancer.METHODS Between 2008 and 2011, 76 patients were enrolled in a phase Ⅱ study on the treatment of loco-regionally advanced esophageal cancer with radiotherapy(68.4 Gy/44 fractions or 61.2 Gy/34 fractions) combined with 4-cycle chemotherapy consisting of DDP(25 mg/m^2 per day for 3 d) and PTX(175 mg/m^2 for 3 h). The primary endpoints were overall survival and progression-free survival, and the secondary endpoints were toxicity and the treatment failure pattern.RESULTS A total of 76 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 63.2% finished the whole regimen. The 5-year survival rates for the per-protocol population and intent-to-treat population were 25.4% and 26.4%, respectively, and the median survival rates were 23.7 mo and 28.5 mo, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 late toxicity was observed in only one patient(heart failure). In log-rank analysis, the pretreatment stage(stage Ⅱ + Ⅲ: 36.1 mo vs stage Ⅳ: 14.9 mo) and the completed cycle(1-3 cycles: 16.1 mo vs 4 cycles: 35.5 mo) were significant prognostic factors(P = 0.037 < 0.05 and P = 0.013 < 0.05).CONCLUSION Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy consisting of PTX and DDP is a safe and effective definitive treatment for loco-regionally advanced esophageal squamous cancer.

Diagnostic challenges from conflicting results of tests and imaging

Accurate diagnosis is the foundation of clinical care but accurate diagnosis is not easily reached in some cases.In rare instances,even a sophisticated multidisciplinary team at an academic medical center cannot reliably reach an accurate diagnosis after extensive testing and imaging,and has to wait until histological diagnosis or even autopsy results are available.The underlying reason of challenging diagnoses is mostly conflicting data from history,tests,and imaging that point to different diagnoses.In this issue of World Journal of Clinical Cases,Huffaker et al reported such a challenging case of a tricuspid mass in a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome.The case by Huffaker et al powerfully illustrates the occasional diagnostic challenges inherent in our current diagnostic approach and the current technology.Clinicians should realize that in rare situations,agnosticism in diagnosis is unavoidable but a treatment has to be initiated so long as the principle of primum non nocere is upheld.

Entanglement Dynamics of Two Qubits Coupled Independently to Cavities in the Ultrastrong Coupling Regime:Analytical Results

Dynamics of quantum entanglement of two qubits in two identical quantum Rabi models is studied analytically in the framework of corrections to the rotating-wave approximations. A closed-form expression for the entanglement dynamics initiated from the well-known Bell states is derived, which is very close to the numerical exact results up to the ultrastrong coupling regime. It is found that the vanishing entanglement can be purely induced by the counter-rotating terms, and can be enhanced with the atom-cavity coupling.

Deformation field around a thrust fault:A comparison between laboratory results and GPS observations of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

On May 12,2008,an Mw7.9 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County,Sichuan Province,China.Movement of Yingxiu–Beichuan Fault in the Longmenshan Fault Zone was considered to be the main cause of the earthquake.Earthquakes are closely related to fault activities.Therefore,studying the strain distribution and evolution process around active fault zones is important to the understanding of seismic activities.In this study,we conduct laboratory experiments with uniaxial compression applied to marble sheets with intentionally fabricated cracks.The speckle patterns of the rock samples under different loading conditions are recorded in real time by a digital camera.To calculate the deformation fields of the deliberately cracked marble sheets during different stages of the loading processes,the recorded images are processed by the digital image correlation method.The distribution and variation of the displacement and strain are further analyzed in order to understand the strain localization of and observed damage in the experimental fracture zones.Finally,we compare these laboratory results with the GPS-observed coseismic displacements during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,to assess the consistency between our laboratory observations and the field observations of the earthquake,but also to suggest how laboratory results can improve thinking about how earthquake patterns do and do not reflect fault patterns.

Shareholder Structure and Discretionary Regulation of Accounting Results in Enterprises: The Case of Cameroon

Debates on shareholder structure and discretionary management of accounting results have carried forward controversial results. This study is intended to analyze within the Cameroonian context the impact of shareholder structure on the management of accounting results in enterprises. More specifically, its objective is to analyze the impact of shareholder structure on the adjustment of regulating discretionary accounting variables. A panel of enterprises is constituted over the periods 2013, 2014, and 2015 in Cameroon. The modeling of regulating discretionary accounting variables has been carried out according to the model of Jones (1991). The different results obtained show that the degree of concentration of the capital seems not to dissuade the management of result per long-term positions. Foreign ownership and state property stimulate management by regulating discretionary accounting variables.

Resultant gradient information, kinetic energy and molecular virial theorem

Resultant gradient-information is introduced and applied to problems in chemical reactivity theory. This local measure of the structural information contained in (complex) wavefunctions of electronic states is related to the system overall kinetic energy combining the modulus (probability) and phase (current) contributions. The grand-ensemble representation of thermodynamic equilibria in open systems demonstrates the physical equivalence of the variational energetic and information principles. It is used and to relate the populational derivatives of ensemble-average functionals in both these representations, which represent reactivity criteria for diagnosing the charge-transfer (CT) phenomena. Their equivalence is demonstrated by using the in situ potential and hardness descriptors to predict the direction and optimum amount of CT. The virial theorem is generalized into thermodynamic quantities and used to extract the kinetic energy component from qualitative energy profiles in the bond-formation and (exo/endo)-ergic reactions. The role of electronic kinetic energy in such chemical processes is reexamined, the virial theorem implications for the Hammond postulate of reactivity theory are explored, and variations of the structural-information in chemical processes are addressed. The maximum thermodynamic information rule is formulated and "production" of the gradient-information in chemical reactions is addressed. The Hammond postulate is shown to be indexed by the geometric derivative of resultant gradient-information at transition-state complex.

基于遗传算法和最小二乘支持向量机的织物剪切性能预测

提出了一种基于最小二乘支持向量机的织物剪切性能预测模型,并且采用遗传算法进行最小二乘支持向量机的参数优化,将获得的样本进行归一化处理后,将其输入预测模型以得到预测结果.仿真结果表明,基于最小二乘支持向量机的预测模型比BP神经网络和线性回归方法具有更高的精度和范化能力. Abstract： A new method is proposed to predict the fabric shearing property with least square support vector machines ( LS-SVM ). The genetic algorithm is investigated to select the parameters of LS-SVM models as a means of improving the LS- SVM prediction. After normalizing the sampling data, the sampling data are inputted into the model to gain the prediction result. The simulation results show the prediction model gives better forecasting accuracy and generalization ability than BP neural network and linear regression method.

THE EVALUATION OF THE LONG-TERM RESULTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SALIVARY GLAND CARCINOMA

This paper summarized the long-term follow-up results and our clinical treatment experience of 426 patients with carcinoma of salivary gland, who had undergone surgical treatment in our department from 1957 to 1976 successively. Our study showed that the 10-year and 15-year survival rates were 63.3% and 59.1% respectively, much higher than the results presented by other researchers. The following four points were concluded: 1. The long-term treatment result of salivary gland carcinoma is determined not only on mode of treatment and clinical stage, but more on its pathologic type. For high malignant salivary carcinoma, comprehensive multidiscipline treatments should be adopted. 2. Management of primary focus." The different operative principle and mode shouht be worked out in advance according to pathologic type and primary site of tumors. 3. Management of lymphonode: For cases with undifferentiated carcinoma, low-differentiated mucoepiderrnoid carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and papillary cystadenocarcinoma, elective neck dissection should be performed. 4. Prevention of distant metastasis: Preoperative biopsy should be avoided. Frozen-section should be made during the operation and, diagnosis and treatment be accomplished in the meantime.

Long-Term Results (Seven and More Years) of Sparing Treatment of Subjects with Descending Aortic Aneurysms

Descending aortic aneurysms (DAAs), including dissecting aneurysms (DA) have a multifactorial etiology and pathogenesis, therefore raising questions about the leading role of operative treatment to repair the lesion. Objective: To investigate remote (7 and more years) results of treatment in patients with DAAs in operative treatment only if there is a danger of aneurysm rupture. A total of 82 patients with atherosclerotic DAA identified between 2008 and 2011, and 22 patients with type 1 or 3 DeBakey dissecting aneurysms (DA) who had not been operated in the acute period due to a number of reasons were examined. The follow-up period of these groups was 7 or more years. When using a sparing treatment to treat DAA, we saw survival of 90.1 at 2 years, 76.8% at 4 years, 59.4% at 6 years, and 57.5% at 7 years with the uniform increase in mortality rate, mainly due to a comorbidity. Survival in DA group (77.3%) was better due to a younger age and was 68.4% in operated and 54% in non-operated patients at 7 years. It is symptomatic that the aneurysm rupture rate was not always affected by operative treatment. Therefore, it seems like medical treatment is more consistent with etiopathogenesis of the disease compared to surgery during the stabilization period.

Common Fixed Point Results for Compatible Map in Digital Metric Space

In this paper, we prove common fixed point results for quadruple self-mappings satisfying an implicit function which is general enough to cover a multitude of known as well as unknown contractions. Our results modify, unify, extend and generalize many relevant results existing in literature. Also, we define the concept of compatible maps and its variants in the setting of digital metric space and establish some common fixed point results for these maps. Also, an application of the proposed results is quoted in this note.

Analysis of the Pathological Examination Results of 100 Colon Polyps Cases after EMR or ESD Operation

Aim: To study the characteristics of EMR (endoscopic mucosal resection) or ESD (endoscopic submucosal dissection) postoperative pathological examination of colonic polyps in different age groups, and the difference of pathological examination after EMR or ESD operation. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of the EMR or ESD postoperative pathological data of 100 cases of colonic polyps patients in the Jingzhou Central Hospital digestive internal medicine. The time is from March 2016 to March 2018. Results: In 100 cases of EMR or ESD operation, there are 65 cases of young and middle-aged group. Pathological examination results include: 34 cases of adenomatous polyp, 18 cases of inflammatory polyp, 11 cases of benign tumors, 1 case of malignant tumor, 1 case of hyperplastic polyp. There are 35 cases of elderly group. Pathological examination results include: 27 cases of adenomatous polyp, 2 cases of inflammatory polyp, 2 cases of benign tumors, 4 cases of malignant tumor. 71 cases of complete EMR operation include: 51 cases of adenomatous polyp, 17 cases of inflammatory polyp, 3 cases of benign tumors;29 cases of complete ESD operation include: 10 cases of adenomatous polyp, 3 cases of inflammatory polyp, 10 cases of benign tumors, 5 cases of malignant tumor, 1 case of hyperplastic polyp. Conclusion: For the pathological examination results after EMR or ESD operation, the proportion of inflammatory polyps in the young and middle-aged group was greater than that in the elderly group. The proportion of adenomatous polyps in the elderly group was larger than that in the young and middle-aged group. The proportion of adenomatous polyps in EMR was greater than that of ESD. The proportion of benign tumors and malignant tumors in ESD was greater than that of EMR. The difference has statistical significance.

Two－body Correlation Transport Theory Ⅶ． Comparisons with the Results of QMD

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